Planting method of spring wheat and soybean in three-north region

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and particularly relates to a planting method of spring wheat and soybean one season two kinds three harvests in the three north regions. The present application breaks the shackles of traditional planting concepts and planting modes in the single season agricultural region in the north, and creates a new technology system and a new planting mode of realizing spring wheat-soybean one season two kinds three harvests in the single season planting region in the north by taking technical innovation as support and taking planting mode innovation design as a carrier. The multiple cropping index reaches 2.0, the multiple cropping benefit ratio reaches 2.0-2.8, and the total output of 30-40% of green forage, 60-70% of wheat and 100% of soybean on unit land is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and in particular to a planting method for spring wheat and soybeans in the Three-North Region, which involves three harvests in one season. Background Technology

[0002] In the vast winter wheat-growing areas south of the Great Wall in my country, due to the warm climate and long frost-free period, a double-cropping pattern of wheat and corn per year is generally adopted. Figure 1 This means that winter wheat is planted in September or October, enters its overwintering dormancy period in November or December, resumes growth in February or March of the following year, and is harvested in May or June.

[0003] In high-latitude or high-altitude areas in the north, the climate conditions can only guarantee the maturity of one season's crops. Therefore, only one season of wheat, corn, soybeans or other crops can be planted per year, making it a single-season planting area with one harvest per season.

[0004] Since the frost-free period in single-season planting areas is only about 150 days, and it takes at least 210 days to plant one season of spring wheat and one season of soybeans, people generally adopt a one-crop-a-year planting model for grain production.

[0005] The reason why my country's soybean production is far less than demand is due to the small planting area, which in turn leads to low soybean yields and poor economic returns. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this invention provides a planting method for spring wheat and soybeans to achieve two crops and three harvests in one season in the Three-North Region. This invention aims to break through the constraints of traditional planting concepts and models in the single-season agricultural areas of northern China. Supported by technological innovation and using innovative planting model design as a vehicle, it creates a completely new technical system and planting model for achieving two crops and three harvests in one season of spring wheat and soybeans in the single-season planting areas of northern China. After five years of unremitting efforts, through theoretical and technological breakthroughs and gradual improvements, the research team has successfully implemented a new method and model for wheat-soybean planting with two crops and three harvests in one season in the vast single-season planting areas of northern China. This means that in one production season on a piece of land, wheat and soybeans are planted once, and forage wheat, grain wheat, and soybeans are harvested once.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a planting method for spring wheat and soybeans in the Three-North Region, which involves two crops harvested in one season and three harvests in one year, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: In early April, the spring wheat is planted with both high and low densities. The low-density planting band of the spring wheat is 50-70cm wide, and the high-density planting band of the spring wheat is 30-50cm wide. The high and low density planting bands of the spring wheat are distributed alternately.

[0010] Step 2: In mid-to-late June, during the wheat grain-filling stage, harvest the spring wheat in the high-density planting zone, and then plant soybeans after rotary tillage and stubble removal.

[0011] Step 3: Harvest the spring wheat in the low-density planting zone in mid-July, and spray the soybeans with a compound liquid fertilizer consisting of EM microbial agent, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and sodium nitrophenolate compound solution;

[0012] Step 4: Harvest the soybeans in early October.

[0013] The "Three Norths" region mentioned in this invention includes Northeast China, North China, and Northwest China.

[0014] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, after the spring wheat in the low-density planting zone is harvested, the step of spreading the spring wheat stalks between the soybean rows is also included.

[0015] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the wheat varieties used in the low-density planting zone of spring wheat include Xiaobingmai and / or Bamai 13; the wheat varieties used in the high-density planting zone of spring wheat include one or more of Wuchun 11, Ningchun 15 or Bamai 13.

[0016] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the soybean variety includes one or more of Zhongdou 28, Changmidou 30, Henong 71, Heinong 93, Kennong 38 or Kennong 31.

[0017] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the sowing amount of the low-density planting zone of spring wheat includes 40-50 catties / mu; the sowing amount of the high-density planting zone of spring wheat includes 48-60 catties / mu.

[0018] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the soybean planting rate includes 18,000 to 25,000 seeds per mu.

[0019] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the soybeans are planted in double rows with a row spacing of 20-30 cm, or in single rows.

[0020] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the soybeans are treated with paclobutrazol wettable powder before planting.

[0021] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the paclobutrazol wettable powder includes 15% (w / w); preferably, the drug ratio of the paclobutrazol wettable powder includes (0.5~1.0) g: 1 kg.

[0022] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the compound liquid fertilizer comprises: 0.1wt%~0.2wt% of EM microbial agent, 0.5wt%~1.0wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.0008wt%~0.0015wt% of sodium nitrophenolate compound solution.

[0023] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the application rate of the compound liquid fertilizer includes 30-60 kg / mu.

[0024] The positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. Provide a revolutionary technology system for single-season agriculture in northern regions to achieve two types of three harvests in one season (wheat and soybean), which can significantly increase grain output per unit area of ​​land.

[0026] 2. Provide farmers in the northern single-season agricultural areas with a set of new planting technology solutions to improve the grain yield per unit area, with a multiple cropping index of 2.0 and a multiple cropping income ratio of 2.0 to 2.8. Achieve a total output of 30 to 40% green fodder, 60 to 70% wheat and 100% soybeans per unit of land, thereby multiplying the farmers' farming efficiency and economic income.

[0027] 3. The technical solution provided by this invention can generate 30-40% more green fodder and 60-70% more wheat yield than traditional soybean cultivation;

[0028] 4. The novel planting model provided by this invention can produce no less than 5 tons of wheat and about 20 tons of wheat straw that can be decomposed and returned to the field to enrich the soil fertility per hectare. The additional 25 tons of biomass produced can capture and solidify 35 tons of carbon dioxide, which has significant practical significance for the sustainable use of land resources and ecological environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0030] Figure 1 In winter wheat-growing areas, wheat and maize are planted in a double cropping system per year.

[0031] Figure 2 The innovative design of the demonstration model makes it possible for a single-season region to have "two types of crops and three harvests in one season";

[0032] Figure 3 The spatial distribution of crops in the "two crops and three harvests per season" planting pattern is shown.

[0033] Figure 4 The image shows wheat growing in a 15-mu experimental field of wheat and soybeans planted in Helong Town, Nong'an County, Jilin Province in 2025.

[0034] Figure 5 This shows wheat growing in a 10-mu experimental field of wheat and soybeans, planted in the Gongzhuling National Agricultural High-tech Zone of Jilin Province in 2025.

[0035] Figure 6 The wheat intended for fodder will be harvested in mid-to-late June to make room for soybean planting.

[0036] Figure 7 The land after the feed wheat is harvested should be plowed and soybeans should be planted in time. The wheat should be harvested in mid-July to make room for the soybeans to grow.

[0037] Figure 8 This shows soybeans being planted in the soybean planting zone after the wheat harvest.

[0038] Figure 9 Shows the symbiosis of wheat and soybeans. Detailed Implementation

[0039] This invention discloses two methods for cultivating spring wheat and soybeans in the Three-North Region (Northeast, North, and Northwest China) with three harvests in one season. Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document and appropriately modify the process parameters to achieve the desired results. It is particularly important to note that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in this invention. The methods and applications of this invention have been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can clearly modify or appropriately change and combine the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content, spirit, and scope of this invention to realize and apply the technology of this invention.

[0040] This invention provides a technical solution for achieving two types of three harvests in one season for wheat and soybeans in single-season planting areas in northern China. The main contents of the invention are as follows:

[0041] I. Innovative Planting Model Design: The innovative combination of techniques such as "differential density sowing", "removing green stubble and eliminating stubble", "staggered soybean planting", "cross-coexistence", and "removing wheat and supplementing soybeans" enables the northern single-season agricultural areas to achieve the planting effect of two wheat and three soybeans in one season, which would normally take 210 days, within a frost-free period of about 150 days.

[0042] 1. "Different density sowing": When sowing wheat in early spring, different sowing densities are adopted. Sowing is carried out at the normal density with a width of 50-70 cm, and sowing is carried out at a high density with a width of 30-50 cm and a density 20-30% higher than the normal sowing amount. The two different density sowing zones are distributed alternately.

[0043] 2. "Remove green stubble and eliminate stubble": By mid-June, when wheat enters the grain-filling stage, the high-density wheat in the grain-filling stage in the high-density planting zone is cut down and used as green fodder. Then, the stubble is removed by rotary tillage to make room for the next soybean planting.

[0044] 3. "Staggered Soybean Planting": Soybeans in northern single-season agricultural areas are usually sown from late April to early May. In order to ensure that wheat matures while soybeans are planted and harvested, this plan adopts a staggered planting method, selecting soybean varieties with a growth period of 105-115 days, and planting them in double rows (or high-density single rows) with a row spacing of 20-30 cm while the land is being cleared of stubble, so as to ensure that they are mature and harvested when the first frost arrives.

[0045] 4. "Cross-coexistence": Grain wheat matures in mid-July, meaning soybean seeds and seedlings will grow alongside the maturing wheat for nearly a month. Therefore, minimizing the bullying and shading effects of wheat on soybean seedlings is crucial for high soybean yields. Key technical measures include: first, using north-south strip sowing to maximize sunlight exposure for soybean seedlings; second, treating soybean seeds with paclobutrazol before sowing to control seedling height; and third, compacting the soil after sowing to promote robust and sturdy soybean seedlings.

[0046] 5. "Remove Wheat and Spread Soybean Straw": Wheat matures in mid-July. Harvest it promptly and spread the wheat stalks between soybean rows to suppress weeds and allow them to decompose and return to the field. Due to the prolonged shading caused by wheat, the soybean seedlings, having just gained full growing space, are not yet robust. They need to be supplemented with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium nitrophenolate, and microbial agents to provide additional nutrients and promote strong seedling growth, ensuring a normal yield in the autumn harvest.

[0047] Once soybeans have obtained all the space to grow, field management should be strengthened immediately, especially the timely application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, microbial fertilizers, and trace elements such as boron, molybdenum, manganese, and zinc to ensure robust soybean growth and a bumper harvest.

[0048] II. The implementation steps are as follows:

[0049] 1. "Variety Selection and Matching" with "Different Density Sowing": Before sowing early spring wheat, seeds should be selected. For grain harvesting, choose short-stalked, high-yielding, early-maturing, and resistant spring wheat varieties (such as Xiaobingmai and Bamai 13). For green fodder harvesting, choose robust, dense-density-tolerant, and lodging-resistant spring wheat varieties (such as Wuchun 11 and Ningchun 15). Plant these two varieties in combination. In early April, sow wheat at different densities: a 50-70 cm wide strip at the normal density (40-50 catties / mu), and a 30-50 cm wide strip at a higher density (48-60 catties / mu), alternating between the two density strips. Wheat plant protection is the same as conventional planting.

[0050] 2. "Removing green stubble and eliminating stubble" to "make room for the next crop": By mid-June, when wheat enters the grain-filling stage, the high-density wheat in the high-density planting zone is cut down and used as green fodder. Then, the stubble is removed by rotary tillage to make room for the next crop of soybeans. This is similar to "making room for the next crop" in the sense of "replacing wheat with soybeans".

[0051] 3. "Staggered Soybean Planting" to Seize Time: In northern single-season agricultural areas, soybeans are typically sown from late April to early May. To ensure both wheat maturity and soybean harvesting, this plan adopts a staggered planting method. Soybean varieties with a growth period of 100-115 days, such as Zhongdou 28, Changmidou 30, Henong 71, Heinong 93, Kennong 38, and Kennong 31, are selected and planted simultaneously with stubble removal at a planting density of 18,000-25,000 seeds per mu (approximately 1,300-1,300 seeds per acre) in double rows (or single rows with high density) at a row spacing of 20 cm. This staggered planting after wheat stubble allows soybeans to gain nearly a month of growing time, ensuring maturity and harvest before frost.

[0052] 4. Comprehensive Regulation to Promote "Cross-Symbiotic Relationship": Wheat matures in mid-July, meaning soybean seeds and seedlings will "cross-symbiotically" with maturing wheat for nearly a month. Reducing the bullying and shading effects of wheat on soybean seedlings during this "cross-symbiotic" period is key to a high soybean yield. First, wheat should be sown in north-south strips to allow soybean seedlings to receive more sunlight. Second, soybean seeds should be treated with 0.5-1.0 g / kg of 15% (w / w) paclobutrazol wettable powder before sowing to control excessive growth under low light conditions. Third, after sowing, the soybean seedlings should be compacted to ensure they are sturdy and robust.

[0053] 5. "Removing Wheat and Supporting Soybean Growth" to Promote Strong Seedlings: Wheat matures in mid-July. Harvest it promptly and spread the wheat stalks between soybean rows to suppress weeds and allow them to decompose and return to the field. Due to the prolonged shading caused by wheat, the soybean seedlings, having just gained full growing space, are not yet robust. A compound spray of 0.1%~0.2% (w / w) EM microbial agent (produced by Guangdong Lihao Bio-Agriculture Co., Ltd., 40 catties drum), 0.5%~1.0% (w / w) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.5 g of 1.5% sodium nitrophenolate, at 30 kg / mu, is needed to supplement the soybeans with nutrients and promote strong seedling growth. Other plant protection measures are the same as in conventional planting until the soybeans mature and are harvested.

[0054] By following the above plan, in the single-season planting areas of the north, it is possible to achieve two types of wheat and three harvests of soybeans in one season. That is, in one production season, wheat is planted once in early April and soybeans are planted once in mid-June; 30-40% of the green fodder wheat is harvested once in mid-June, 60-70% of the grain wheat is harvested once in mid-July, and 100% of the soybeans are harvested once in early October.

[0055] If limited by factors such as market sales or difficulties in mechanical harvesting, this plan can omit the planting and harvesting of silage wheat and choose to reserve appropriate space for soybean planting to achieve two harvests of wheat and soybeans in one season. The multiple cropping index can still reach 1.7, and the multiple cropping benefit ratio can reach 2.3 (because the land cost is diluted due to multiple cropping, the multiple cropping benefit ratio is greater than the multiple cropping index), that is, the yield and income increase effect of harvesting 70% wheat and 100% soybeans.

[0056] The innovation of this invention lies in:

[0057] 1. This invention completely overturns the traditional single-cropping model of spring wheat and soybeans in the single-season agricultural areas of northern China, creatively realizing a new planting model of two crops and three harvests in one season for wheat and soybeans in the single-season agricultural areas of northern China. It pioneered the double-cropping of grain and oil crops in the single-season agricultural areas of northern China. Its multiple cropping index (the ratio of crop planting area to cultivated land area per unit area in one year) reaches 2.0; the multiple cropping income ratio (the ratio of total multiple cropping income to traditional single-cropping income) reaches 2.0~2.8. Moreover, its planting method, plant protection content and supporting technology are very different from the traditional planting model, and have obvious novelty.

[0058] 2. This invention breaks through the traditional concept of "one harvest per season" in single-season agricultural areas, and is based on technological innovations such as "differential density sowing", "removing green stubble and eliminating stubble", "staggered planting of beans", "cross-coexistence", and "removing wheat and supplementing beans". It takes the innovative design of the "two types and three harvests of wheat and beans in one season" planting model as the carrier, and enables the northern single-season agricultural areas to successfully achieve two types and three harvests of wheat and beans in one season. From the breakthrough innovation in planting concept to the application innovation of technical measures, it demonstrates undeniable innovation.

[0059] 3. The technical system of wheat-soybean double-cropping and triple-harvest in the single-season agricultural area of ​​northern China created by this invention is technically mature, simple to operate, low in cost, and significantly improves land utilization and planting benefits. It is also easy to replicate and promote. At the same time, the new planting scheme of wheat-soybean double-cropping and triple-harvest provided by this invention has huge production potential for grain, especially soybeans.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials and reagents used in the planting method for spring wheat and soybeans in the Three-North Region provided by this invention, which allows for three harvests in one season, can be purchased from the market.

[0061] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the embodiments:

[0062] Example 1

[0063] 1. Before spring wheat sowing, in early April (April 3rd in this example), wheat was sown at different sowing densities. Two different sowing densities were used: a 50cm wide strip of wheat at a normal density of 45 catties / mu, and a 40cm wide strip of wheat at a high density of 55 catties / mu. These two sowing densities were interspersed. After sowing, plant protection and management were the same as for conventional wheat cultivation.

[0064] 2. By mid-June, when the wheat enters the grain-filling stage (June 25 in this example), the high-density wheat in the high-density planting strips is cut off and used as green fodder. Then, the stubble is removed by rotary tillage to make room for the next soybean planting.

[0065] 3. On the same day that the forage wheat was harvested (June 25 in this case), soybeans were planted in a staggered manner to allow as much time as possible for soybean growth. In this case, the Kennong 31 soybean variety with a growth period of 110 days was selected and planted in double rows with a row spacing of 20 cm while the stubble was being cleared from the land to ensure that it matures and is harvested before the frost.

[0066] 4. Soybean seeds and seedlings grow alongside maturing wheat for nearly a month. To minimize the bullying and shading effects of wheat on soybean seedlings, we adopted the following measures: First, wheat was sown in north-south strips to ensure soybean seedlings received ample sunlight; second, soybean seeds were treated with 0.5-1.0 g / kg of 15% (w / w) paclobutrazol wettable powder before sowing to control seedling height; third, the soil was compacted after sowing to promote robust and sturdy soybean seedlings. Yield results showed that these technical measures were effective.

[0067] 5. By mid-July, when wheat matures (July 14 in this example), harvest it promptly and spread the wheat stalks between the soybean rows to suppress weeds and allow them to decompose and return to the field. Prepare a compound solution using a formula containing 0.1%~0.2% (w / w) EM microbial agent (produced by Guangdong Lihua Bio-Agriculture Co., Ltd., 40 catties drum), 0.5%~1.0% (w / w) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.5 g of 1.5% sodium nitrophenolate. Spray once at 30 kg / mu to supplement soybean nutrients and promote strong seedling growth (July 18 and August 9 in this example), ensuring a normal yield in the autumn harvest. Harvest soybeans mechanically by mid-October when they mature (October 12 in this example).

[0068] In 2024, a 1-hectare experimental field in Chenjiadian Village, Helong Town, Nong'an County, Jilin Province, yielded 6.2 tons of silage wheat, 4750.5 kg of wheat grain, and 2561.3 kg of soybeans. The multiple cropping index of this experiment was 2.0, and the multiple cropping yield ratio reached 2.65, with satisfactory grain and soybean output and economic benefits. This practice has proven the technological advancement, rational model, and practical feasibility of the "wheat-soybean double-cropping" planting scheme in single-season northern regions.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] In 2025, a 15-mu experimental field of wheat and soybeans, planted using the method of Example 1 in Helong Town, Nong'an County, Jilin Province, has yielded 6.1 tons / hectare of silage wheat.

[0071] In 2025, a 10-mu (approximately 6.7 hectares) experimental field of wheat and soybeans was planted using the method described in Example 1 in the Gongzhuling National Agricultural High-tech Zone, Jilin Province. In mid-to-late June, the forage wheat was harvested to make room for soybean planting. The land after the forage wheat harvest was then plowed and soybeans were planted promptly. In mid-July, the wheat was harvested, and all space was made available for soybean growth. Soybeans were then sown in the soybean planting strip after the forage wheat harvest. Currently, 4.1 tons / hectare of silage wheat have been harvested.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting method for spring wheat and soybeans in the Three-North Region, which involves three harvests in one season, is characterized by: Includes the following steps: Step 1: In early April, the spring wheat is planted with both high and low densities. The low-density planting band of the spring wheat is 50-70cm wide, and the high-density planting band of the spring wheat is 30-50cm wide. The high and low density planting bands of the spring wheat are distributed alternately. Step 2: In mid-to-late June, during the wheat grain-filling stage, the spring wheat in the high-density planting zone is harvested and used as green fodder. After rotary tillage and stubble removal, soybeans are planted. Step 3: Harvest the spring wheat in the low-density planting zone in mid-July, and spray the soybeans with a compound liquid fertilizer consisting of EM microbial agent, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and sodium nitrophenolate compound solution; Step 4: Harvest the soybeans in early to mid-October; The wheat varieties used in the low-density planting zone of spring wheat include Xiaobingmai and / or Bamai 13; the wheat varieties used in the high-density planting zone of spring wheat include one or more of Wuchun 11, Ningchun 15 or Bamai 13. The soybean varieties mentioned include one or more of Zhongdou 28, Changmidou 30, Henong 71, Heinong 93, Kennong 38, or Kennong 31.

2. The planting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing rate for the low-density planting zone of spring wheat is 40-50 catties / mu; the sowing rate for the high-density planting zone of spring wheat is 48-60 catties / mu.

3. The planting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soybean planting rate is 18,000 to 25,000 seeds per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares).

4. The planting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the spring wheat in the low-density planting zone is harvested, the method further includes the step of spreading the spring wheat stalks between the soybean rows.

5. The planting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soybeans are planted in double rows with a row spacing of 20-30 cm, or in single rows.

6. The planting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soybeans were treated with paclobutrazol wettable powder before planting.

7. The planting method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The concentration of the paclobutrazol wettable powder includes 15% (w / w); the drug ratio of the paclobutrazol wettable powder includes (0.5~1.0) g: 1 kg.

8. The planting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compound liquid fertilizer includes: 0.1wt%~0.2wt% EM microbial agent, 0.5wt%~1.0wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.0008wt%~0.0015wt% sodium nitrophenolate compound solution.

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