Intelligent irrigation system and method based on environmental factor monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent irrigation system and method based on environmental factor monitoring, and belongs to the technical field of irrigation equipment. The air temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the control module; the communication connector is connected with the control module; the soil sensor connector is connected with the control module; the illuminance sensor is connected with the control module; the atmospheric pressure sensor is connected with the control module; wherein the communication connector is connected with the irrigation switch valve; according to the intelligent irrigation system and method based on environmental factor monitoring, an irrigator does not need to be manually intervened, and the intelligent irrigation requirement is met; the defect that an existing agricultural irrigator needs manual intervention and setting is relatively fixed is overcome, meanwhile, the intelligent decision-making preset scene control irrigation technology is adopted, and automatic intelligent irrigation without manual intervention is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of irrigation equipment, and specifically relates to an intelligent irrigation system and method based on environmental factor monitoring. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of the smart agriculture system, the smart irrigation system can automatically turn on or off irrigation based on data from soil temperature and humidity sensors and user needs, achieving an irrigation process without human intervention.

[0003] However, most of the popular smart irrigation devices on the market are implemented by manual intervention methods, and irrigation is mainly based on manually preset fixed timing operation logic. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new smart irrigation system and method based on environmental factor monitoring to solve the existing problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent irrigation system and method based on environmental factor monitoring to solve the problem that automatic irrigation cannot be achieved according to environmental factors.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a smart irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring, comprising:

[0006] Waterproof box, air temperature and humidity sensor, light sensor, soil sensor connector, control module and atmospheric pressure sensor;

[0007] The waterproof box body is installed near the irrigation switch valve, and the air temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure sensors, light intensity sensor, soil sensor connector, and control module are arranged inside the waterproof box body;

[0008] An air temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the control module;

[0009] The communication connector is connected to the control module;

[0010] The soil sensor connector is connected to the control module;

[0011] A light intensity sensor is connected to the control module;

[0012] An atmospheric pressure sensor is connected to the control module;

[0013] The communication connector is connected to the irrigation switch valve via a wire.

[0014] Preferably, the lower part of the waterproof box body is fixed to the fixing surface by screws.

[0015] Preferably, the air temperature and humidity sensor is integrated with the waterproof box body.

[0016] Preferably, the light intensity sensor is integrated with the waterproof box body.

[0017] Preferably, the soil sensor connector is integrally connected to the waterproof box body.

[0018] Preferably, the waterproof box body is provided with a waterproof sealing groove and an integrated structure of the upper and lower covers of the sealing strip.

[0019] Preferably, the air temperature and humidity sensor is provided with PE sintering and PE cotton; and is connected to the control module via a wire.

[0020] Preferably, the communication connector is provided with PA nylon plastic and an O-ring, and the communication connector is connected to the control module using a communication cable.

[0021] Preferably, the soil sensor connector is provided with PA nylon plastic and an O-ring, one end of the soil sensor connector is communicatively connected to the soil sensor, and the other end thereof is connected to the control module via a communication cable.

[0022] Preferably, the light intensity sensor is provided with a hemispherical cover and an O-ring, which are fixedly arranged on the waterproof box body;

[0023] The light intensity sensor is used to collect external environment light intensity data and is connected to the control module through a cable.

[0024] Preferably, the irrigation switch valve is connected to the communication connector.

[0025] The present invention further provides an irrigation method of an intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring, comprising:

[0026] Obtaining environmental data collected by the system;

[0027] The control module analyzes the environmental data to generate irrigation logic control instructions;

[0028] Sending the irrigation logic control instruction to the irrigation switch valve for execution;

[0029] The environmental data include: air temperature and humidity, light intensity, atmospheric pressure and soil temperature and humidity.

[0030] Preferably, the control module analyzes the environmental data to generate irrigation logic control instructions including:

[0031] The scene monitoring object algorithm group preset in the control module, real-time monitoring and algorithm preset together complete the intelligent decision-making of the scene environment, and improve the irrigation logic control of soil irrigation through the preset algorithm;

[0032] Collect relevant environmental factors such as temperature, humidity constant, and atmospheric pressure data, and calculate the corresponding net radiation on the soil surface, soil heat flux, daily average temperature, saturated air pressure, actual air pressure, saturated air pressure curve slope coefficient, and calculate soil water evaporation to obtain soil water content;

[0033] The calculation formula of soil water evaporation is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] In the above formula: ZF0 represents evaporation, Sf represents net radiation on the soil surface, SR represents soil heat flux, T represents daily average temperature, w2 represents wind speed, pb represents saturated water vapor pressure, pr represents actual water vapor pressure, △ represents the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure curve, and h represents the hygrometer constant;

[0036] The soil heat flux (SR) calculation formula is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] In the above formula: SR is the soil heat flux; Tr is the soil heat capacity; Wi is the air temperature at the i-th moment; Wi-1 is the air temperature at the i-1-th moment; Δb is the time step; ΔS is the effective soil depth; because the soil heat flux value under the reference crop surface in a period of 1 day or 10 days is relatively small, it can be ignored, so SR≈0.

[0039] When temperature changes have little effect on meteorological parameter values, if there are no daily average temperature observations, the daily average temperature (Tmean) is calculated using the Penman formula based on the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure relationship curve (Δ) and the influence of the average air density (Pa). For standardization, T for a 24-hour period is defined as the average of the daily maximum temperature (Tmax) and the daily minimum temperature (Tmin), rather than the average of the hourly observed temperatures. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Using the average temperature instead of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures for saturation pressure (Pb) will result in an underestimated saturation pressure estimate. The corresponding pressure differential (a parameter representing the atmosphere's evaporative capacity) will also decrease, leading to an underestimation of reference evaporation. Therefore, the average saturation pressure must be calculated using the average of the saturation pressures corresponding to the daily maximum and minimum temperatures. Since saturation pressure is related to air temperature, it can be calculated using air temperature. The relationship is:

[0042]

[0043] In the above formula, P0(T) is the air pressure at the air temperature T. Because the above formula is a nonlinear function, it must be calculated based on the average of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures:

[0044]

[0045] The slope (Δ) of the saturation pressure curve is given by the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: the intelligent irrigation system and method based on environmental factor monitoring do not require manual intervention in the irrigation device, meeting the needs of intelligent irrigation; it solves the shortcomings of existing agricultural irrigators that require relatively fixed settings requiring manual intervention, and at the same time adopts intelligent decision-making preset scene control irrigation technology to achieve automated intelligent irrigation without manual intervention; it uses environmental intelligent decision-making of soil temperature and humidity and air monitoring elements to control the soil irrigation system, and incorporates the environmental built-in intelligent decision-making method of soil temperature and humidity and air monitoring elements to solve the problem that the irrigation switch valve cannot irrigate in real time, saving water resource utilization; and it can control the irrigation switch valve without manual supervision, thereby improving the intelligent control of the irrigation switch valve and the irrigation efficiency; by monitoring air temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, illuminance and soil temperature and humidity elements, the internal preset scene monitoring object algorithm group, real-time monitoring and algorithm preset jointly complete the scene environment intelligent decision-making system, and improve the irrigation logic control of soil irrigation through the preset algorithm, without manual supervision and control of irrigation, which is an auxiliary method for improving the intelligent control of the irrigation switch valve and irrigation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.

[0050] In the figure: 1. Waterproof box; 2. Air temperature and humidity sensor; 3. Communication connector; 4. Soil sensor connector; 5. Control module; 6. Light sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] The present invention provides Figure 1The intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring shown in the figure adopts a waterproof box combination, the control module 5 is installed in the waterproof box body 1, the air temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the lower side of the waterproof box body 1, the communication connector 3 is arranged in the PG7 waterproof connector in the middle of the lower side of the waterproof box body 1 and is connected using a 4-core cable. The light intensity sensor 6 is arranged in the photosensitive ball cap just above the waterproof box body 1 and is connected to the communication interface of the control module 5; the soil sensor connector 4 is connected by placing it in the PG7 waterproof connector on the left side of the lower side of the waterproof box body 1 and using a 4-core cable.

[0053] The waterproof box body 1 is installed near the irrigation switch valve, and the air temperature and humidity sensor 2, the communication connector 3, the soil sensor connector 4, the control module 5, and the light intensity sensor 6 are all arranged inside and on the side of the waterproof box body 1. The air temperature and humidity sensor 2, the communication connector 3, the soil sensor connector 4, the control module 5, and the light intensity sensor 6 are all connected to the control module 5.

[0054] The control module 5 establishes a transmission connection with the communication connector 3 .

[0055] The control module 5 establishes a connection with the monitoring sensor for collecting temperature and humidity data outside the waterproof box body 1 through the soil sensor connector 4. The monitoring sensors include a soil moisture sensor, a soil temperature sensor, etc. The soil moisture sensor and the soil temperature sensor mainly monitor the moisture content of the soil to determine whether the soil is short of water, thereby avoiding the risk of slow growth or even death of plants due to lack of water in the soil; the waterproof box body 1 is made of injection molding material and sealing material; it can meet the common strength requirements and has waterproof performance; the lower part of the waterproof box body 1 is fixedly installed on the implementation scene plane.

[0056] The lower part of the waterproof box body 1 is fixed to the fixing surface by screws.

[0057] The light intensity sensor 6 is integrated with the waterproof box body 1 .

[0058] The soil sensor connector 4 is integrally connected to the waterproof box body 1 .

[0059] The waterproof box body 1 is provided with a waterproof sealing groove and an integrated structure of the upper and lower covers of the sealing strip;

[0060] The air temperature and humidity sensor 2 is provided with PE sintering and PE cotton;

[0061] The air temperature and humidity sensor 2 is connected to the control module 5 via a wire.

[0062] The communication connector 3 is made of PA nylon plastic and an O-ring. One end of the communication connector 3 is connected to the control module 5 using a communication cable, and the other end is connected to the irrigation switch valve. The communication connector 3 uses a PG7 waterproof connector for external communication.

[0063] One end of the soil sensor connector 4 is connected to the soil sensor for communication, and the other end is connected to the control module 5 via a communication cable.

[0064] The light intensity sensor 6 is provided with a hemispherical cover and an O-ring, and is fixedly arranged on the waterproof box body 1;

[0065] The light intensity sensor 6 collects external environment light intensity data and is connected to the control module 5 via a cable.

[0066] The irrigation switch valve is composed of a DC12 solenoid valve, which is installed at the end of the water pipe and is connected to the communication connector 3.

[0067] The present invention further provides a smart irrigation method based on environmental factor monitoring, comprising:

[0068] The built-in preset algorithm performs corresponding calculations based on the real-time monitoring values ​​of the soil sensor connector 4, the air temperature and humidity sensor 2, and the light intensity sensor 6, and communicates with the irrigation switch valve to implement specific irrigation operations.

[0069] The control module 5 has a built-in intelligent decision-making system, uses the corresponding algorithm module to perform software processing and calculation, and establishes a corresponding model to calculate the soil moisture evaporation through the Penman formula;

[0070]

[0071] In the above formula: ZF0 is the evaporation, Sf is the net radiation on the soil surface, SR is the soil heat flux, T is the daily average temperature, w2 is the wind speed, pb is the saturation water vapor pressure, pr is the actual water vapor pressure, △ is the slope of the saturation water vapor pressure curve, and h is the hygrometer constant.

[0072] This solution's built-in intelligent decision-making method collects data on relevant environmental factors, including temperature, humidity constant, and atmospheric pressure, and calculates the corresponding net radiation on the soil surface, soil heat flux, daily average temperature, saturated air pressure, actual air pressure, and the slope coefficient of the saturated air pressure curve. Substituting these into the above formula, it calculates the corresponding soil evaporation and soil water content. This solution then issues irrigation action requests to the intelligent control device, preemptively meeting the irrigation needs of the objects within the scene.

[0073] The soil heat flux (SR) calculation formula is as follows.

[0074]

[0075] Where: SR is the soil heat flux; Tr is the soil heat capacity; Wi is the air temperature at time i; Wi-1 is the air temperature at time i-1; Δb is the time step; and ΔS is the effective soil depth. Because the soil heat flux below the reference crop surface for a 1-day or 10-day period is relatively small, it can be neglected, resulting in SR ≈ 0.

[0076] When temperature changes have little effect on meteorological parameter values, if there are no daily average temperature observations, the daily average temperature (Tmean) is calculated using the Penman formula based on the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure relationship curve (Δ) and the influence of the average air density (Pa). For standardization, T for a 24-hour period is defined as the average of the daily maximum temperature (Tmax) and the daily minimum temperature (Tmin), rather than the average of the hourly observed temperatures. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Using the average temperature instead of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures for saturation pressure (Pb) will result in an underestimated saturation pressure estimate. The corresponding pressure differential (a parameter representing the atmosphere's evaporative capacity) will also decrease, leading to an underestimation of reference evaporation. Therefore, the average saturation pressure must be calculated using the average of the saturation pressures corresponding to the daily maximum and minimum temperatures. Since saturation pressure is related to air temperature, it can be calculated using air temperature. The relationship is:

[0079]

[0080] In the above formula, P0(T) is the air pressure at air temperature T. Because the above formula is a nonlinear function, it must be calculated based on the average of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures:

[0081]

[0082] The slope (Δ) of the saturation pressure curve is given by the following formula:

[0083]

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring, characterized by: include: Control module (5); an air temperature and humidity sensor (2) connected to the control module (5); a communication connector (3) connected to the control module (5); a soil sensor connector (4) connected to the control module (5); an illumination sensor (6) connected to the control module (5); an atmospheric pressure sensor connected to the control module (5); Wherein, the communication connector (3) is connected to the irrigation switch valve.

2. The intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a waterproof box body (1) for assembling the control module (5), the air temperature and humidity sensor (2), the soil sensor connector (4), the light intensity sensor (6), and the communication connector (3).

3. The intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waterproof box body (1) is provided with a waterproof sealing groove and an integrated structure of a sealing strip upper and lower covers.

4. The intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air temperature and humidity sensor (2) is provided with PE sintering and PE cotton; and is connected to the control module (5) via a wire.

5. The intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication connector (3) is provided with PA nylon plastic and an O-type sealing ring, and the communication connector (3) is connected to the control module (5) using a communication cable.

6. The intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil sensor connector (4) is provided with PA nylon plastic and an O-type sealing ring. One end of the soil sensor connector (4) is communicatively connected to the soil sensor, and the other end thereof is connected to the control module (5) via a communication cable.

7. The intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light intensity sensor (6) is provided with a hemispherical outer cover and an O-shaped sealing ring, which are fixedly arranged on the waterproof box body (1); The light intensity sensor (6) is used to collect external environment light intensity data and is connected to the control module (5) via a cable.

8. The intelligent irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation switch valve is connected to the communication connector (3).

9. The irrigation method of the smart irrigation system based on environmental factor monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Obtaining environmental data collected by the system; The control module (5) analyzes the environmental data to generate irrigation logic control instructions; Sending the irrigation logic control instruction to the irrigation switch valve for execution; The environmental data include: air temperature and humidity, light intensity, atmospheric pressure and soil temperature and humidity.

10. The intelligent irrigation method based on environmental factor monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control module (5) analyzes the environmental data to generate irrigation logic control instructions including: Calculate soil water evaporation and soil water content; The calculation formula of soil water evaporation is as follows: Where: ZF0 represents evaporation, Sf represents net radiation on the soil surface, SR represents soil heat flux, T represents daily average temperature, w2 represents wind speed, pb represents saturation water vapor pressure, pr represents actual water vapor pressure, △ represents the slope of the saturation water vapor pressure curve, and h represents the hygrometer constant; The soil heat flux calculation formula is as follows: Where: SR represents soil heat flux; Tr represents soil heat capacity; Wi represents air temperature at time i; W(i-1) represents air temperature at time i-1; Δb represents time step; ΔS represents effective soil depth; The daily average temperature is calculated as follows: Where Tmax and Tmin represent the daily maximum temperature and daily minimum temperature respectively; The saturated water vapor pressure calculation formula is as follows: Where P0 represents the water vapor pressure of the air humidity T; The saturated water vapor pressure is obtained through the air temperature, and the air temperature calculation formula is as follows: Where P0(T) is the air pressure at air temperature T; The calculation formula of the saturation pressure curve slope (Δ) is as follows:

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