Flame-retardant, impact-resistant and buffering integrated emergency rescue suit and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of emergency rescue equipment, in particular to a preparation method of a reinforced emergency rescue suit integrating flame retardance, impact resistance and buffering. Through the unique three-layer composite structure design, the flame-retardant layer can effectively resist flames, and rescue workers can be protected for a long time in a high-temperature environment; the anti-impact layer can bear large external force impact, and harm of impact force to the human body is reduced; the buffer layer has the characteristic of quick response and can provide excellent energy buffer at the moment of collision, so that the comprehensive protection performance of the rescue suit is comprehensively improved. According to the enhanced design of key parts, the durability of the rescue suit is improved, damage to high-abrasion areas is reduced, the wearing comfort and flexibility are enhanced by combining three-dimensional cutting and edge covering treatment, meanwhile, the heat and humidity comfort of rescue workers during high-intensity operation is guaranteed through the design of the breathable perspiration lining layer, and the service life of the rescue suit is prolonged. And the rescue suit is more suitable for actual rescue scene requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of emergency rescue equipment, and in particular to an emergency rescue suit integrated with flame retardancy, impact resistance and buffering, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rescue and relief operations for disasters such as earthquakes, fires, and explosions are complex and dangerous, with rescuers often facing threats such as secondary explosion impacts, falling sharp debris, and high temperatures from burning. Traditional rescue clothing primarily focuses on general protection, such as basic functions such as wear resistance and scratch resistance. However, its protective capabilities are significantly insufficient when faced with strong impacts and possible combustion. Actual cases have shown that due to the limited protective performance of traditional rescue clothing, rescuers often suffer serious physical damage or even life-threatening injuries from impact injuries or flame burns. This not only affects the smooth progress of rescue operations, but also brings great pain to rescuers and their families. Therefore, the development of multi-effect protective rescue clothing with impact protection, energy buffering, and flame retardancy has become an urgent need in the current field of emergency rescue equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flame-retardant, impact-resistant, and cushioning integrated emergency rescue suit and its preparation method, aiming to significantly improve the flame-retardant, impact-resistant and cushioning properties of the rescue suit, and at the same time enhance the local key parts of the traditional rescue suit to comprehensively improve the rescue suit's protection capabilities for rescue personnel, so that it can better adapt to complex and dangerous emergency rescue environments.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0005] A flame-retardant, impact-resistant, and cushioning emergency rescue suit, wherein the vulnerable key parts of the suit are reinforced areas, which are at least one of the shoulders, elbows, knees, chest area, and spine area; the reinforced areas adopt a three-layer composite structure design;

[0006] The first layer (outermost layer) is a flame retardant layer, which is made of flame retardant-modified aramid fiber. Nano-magnesium hydroxide (nano-Mg(OH)2) and nano-montmorillonite (nano-MMT) are used as flame retardants, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) is used as a dispersant, and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) is used as a solvent. The para-aramid fiber is modified.

[0007] The raw materials for preparing the flame retardant layer include nano-magnesium hydroxide (nano-Mg(OH)2), nano-montmorillonite (nano-MMT), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and para-aramid fiber;

[0008] Taking the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the flame retardant layer as 100%, the mass percentage of each component is:

[0009]

[0010] The second layer (middle layer) is the impact-resistant layer, which is made of metal ion-modified aramid fiber. The para-aramid fiber is modified using copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) metal salt solution as a metal modifier, acetic acid-sodium acetate with a pH value of 4-6 as a buffer solution, and glutaraldehyde as a reinforcing agent.

[0011] The raw materials for preparing the impact-resistant layer include copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) solution, acetic acid-sodium acetate solution, glutaraldehyde solution, and para-aramid fiber;

[0012] The third layer (the innermost layer, the layer closest to the skin) is a buffer layer, which uses a shear-thickening gel material. Nano-silica (SiO2) particles (particle size between 20-75nm) and polyethylene glycol (PEG, molecular weight of 200-600) are selected as the continuous phase. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is used to increase flexibility and plasticity, and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) is used to enhance the stability of the system to form a shear-thickening gel material.

[0013] The raw materials for preparing the buffer layer include nano-silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles (particle size between 20-75nm), polyethylene glycol (PEG, molecular weight of 200-600), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550);

[0014] Taking the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the buffer layer as 100%, the mass percentage of each component is:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] A method for preparing a flame-retardant, impact-resistant and cushioning integrated emergency rescue suit, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, preparation of flame retardant modified aramid fiber:

[0019] S11, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) to obtain a DMAc solution containing PVP;

[0020] S12, adding nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite to the DMAc solution containing PVP obtained in step S11, and using an ultrasonic disperser to ultrasonically treat the solution at a power of 200-300 W for 1-2 hours to uniformly disperse the nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite to form a stable dispersion;

[0021] S13, soaking the para-aramid fiber in deionized water for 2-3 hours to remove impurities and oil stains, and then drying it in an oven at 80-100° C. for 1-2 hours;

[0022] S14, immersing the para-aramid fiber obtained in step S13 into the dispersion obtained in step S12, stirring at room temperature for 1-2 hours, and removing the para-aramid fiber from the dispersion;

[0023] S15, vacuum impregnating the para-aramid fiber obtained in step S14 at a vacuum degree of 0.05-0.08 MPa for 0.5-1 hour, rinsing with a DMAc solution, drying at 120-150° C. for 2-3 hours, and finally heat treating at 200-250° C. for 1-2 hours to obtain a flame retardant modified aramid fiber;

[0024] S2, preparation of metal ion modified aramid fiber:

[0025] S21, mixing the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution and the glutaraldehyde solution to obtain a mixed solution;

[0026] S22, immersing the para-aramid fiber in the mixed solution obtained in step S21 for 1-2 hours to activate it. After activation, the para-aramid fiber is removed and rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and finally dried in an oven at 70-90°C.

[0027] S23, immersing the para-aramid fiber treated in step S22 in a copper nitrate solution, stirring and reacting at room temperature (20-30° C.) for 3-5 hours, during which time an acetic acid-sodium acetate solution is added dropwise to maintain a stable pH value. After the reaction is completed, the para-aramid fiber is removed and rinsed;

[0028] S24, immersing the para-aramid fiber rinsed in step S23 in a glutaraldehyde solution, reacting at 30-40° C. for 2-3 hours, and after the reaction is complete, taking out the para-aramid fiber, rinsing it, and drying it;

[0029] In step S21, the mass concentration of the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution is 8%, the pH value is 4-6, the mass concentration of the glutaraldehyde solution is 3%, and the mass ratio of the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution to the glutaraldehyde solution when mixed is 3:2;

[0030] In step S23, maintaining a stable pH value means that the pH value is within the range of 4-6;

[0031] In step S24, the drying temperature is 90-100° C. and the drying time is 4-6 hours;

[0032] S3, preparing shear thickening gel material;

[0033] S31, adding nano-silica particles to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersing them for 30-60 minutes to obtain solution A;

[0034] S32, adding aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) to the solution A obtained in step S31, stirring and reacting at 60-80° C. for 2-3 hours, centrifuging and washing with ethanol, and then drying at 50-60° C. to constant weight to obtain dried silanized nano-silica particles;

[0035] S33, adding the silanized nano-silica particles obtained in step S32 to polyethylene glycol (PEG), and stirring at a speed of 1200-1500 rpm for 1-2 hours to obtain solution B;

[0036] S34, adding dibutyl phthalate (DBP) to the solution B obtained in step S33, continuing stirring for 30-60 minutes, and finally vacuum degassing at 60-80° C. for 1-2 hours to obtain a shear thickening gel material;

[0037] S4, locally reinforced emergency rescue suits with integrated flame retardancy, impact resistance, and cushioning: The prepared flame retardant, impact resistance, and cushioning layers are laminated in the reinforced area using a hot pressing process. The hot pressing temperature is controlled at 150-180°C, the pressure is 0.5-1MPa, and the time is 5-10 minutes to ensure a tight bond between the layers. Simultaneously, the reinforced areas are structurally optimized, such as using three-dimensional cutting at the shoulders and elbows, reinforcing the edges of the areas, and binding them with high-strength, wear-resistant thread. A one-way, moisture-wicking, breathable lining is added to the interior of the suit.

[0038] Beneficial effects

[0039] (1) Through the unique three-layer composite structure design, the flame retardant layer can effectively resist flames and protect rescuers for a long time in high temperature environments; the impact-resistant layer can withstand large external impacts and reduce the damage to the human body caused by the impact; the buffer layer has a fast response characteristic and can provide excellent energy buffering at the moment of collision, thereby comprehensively improving the comprehensive protective performance of the rescue suit.

[0040] (2) The enhanced design for key parts not only improves the durability of the rescue suit and reduces damage in high-wear areas, but also enhances wearing comfort and flexibility through the combination of three-dimensional cutting and hemming. At the same time, the design of the breathable and sweat-wicking lining layer ensures the thermal and moisture comfort of rescue personnel during high-intensity operations, making the rescue suit more in line with the needs of actual rescue scenarios.

[0041] (3) Precisely control the parameters and processes of each preparation step to ensure that the material properties are fully utilized, improve the stability and consistency of the product, and facilitate large-scale production and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples.

[0043] A method for reinforcing emergency rescue clothing with integrated flame retardancy, impact resistance, and cushioning includes: sequentially arranging reinforcement regions, with the first layer being a flame retardant layer, the second layer being an impact resistant layer, and the third layer being a cushioning layer; the first flame retardant layer being a flame retardant-modified aramid fiber structure, the second impact resistant layer being a metal ion-modified aramid fiber structure, and the third cushioning layer being a shear thickening gel material. The first and second layers are both para-aramid fibers, and the preparation steps include:

[0044] Preparation of S1 flame retardant modified aramid fiber structure

[0045] Nano-magnesium hydroxide (nano-Mg(OH)2) and nano-montmorillonite (nano-MMT) were selected as flame retardants, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was selected as the dispersant for the nano-flame retardant in the solvent, and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) was selected as the solvent for the nano-flame retardant dispersion system. After the para-aramid fiber was impregnated, it was dried, rinsed, and other post-processing processes to complete the preparation of the flame retardant-modified aramid fiber structure.

[0046] Preparation of S2 Metal Ion Modified Aramid Fiber Structure

[0047] A copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) metal salt solution is used as a metal modifier, acetic acid-sodium acetate with a pH of 5 (4-6 is acceptable) is used as a buffer solution, and glutaraldehyde is used as a reinforcing agent. Aramid fibers pretreated with acid immersion are immersed in the metal salt solution. After rinsing and drying, metal ion-modified aramid fibers are prepared.

[0048] Preparation of S3 shear thickening gel material

[0049] Nano-silica (SiO2) particles with a particle size between 20–75 nm were selected, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with a molecular weight of 200–600 was used as the continuous phase, serving as a carrier for the dispersed phase particles. An appropriate amount of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was added to increase the gel's flexibility and plasticity. Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) was used to form a chemical bond between the dispersed phase particles and the continuous phase, enhancing the stability of the system.

[0050] S4 traditional emergency rescue suit local enhancement design

[0051] Key areas like the shoulders and elbows were designated as reinforced areas, and a flame-retardant layer, impact-resistant layer, and cushioning layer were laminated using a hot-pressing process. The material composition ratios of each layer were adjusted, and the reinforced areas were three-dimensionally cut and hemmed, with a breathable and perspiration-wicking lining added.

[0052] Step S1: Preparation of flame retardant-sprayed modified aramid fiber structure:

[0053] Add appropriate amounts of nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite to a DMAc solution containing PVP, wherein the mass fraction of nano-magnesium hydroxide is 5%-10%, the mass fraction of nano-montmorillonite is 5%-10%, and the mass fraction of PVP is 2%-4%.

[0054] Ultrasonic treatment of the mixed solution was performed using an ultrasonic disperser at a power of 200-300W for 1-2 hours to uniformly disperse the nano flame retardant in the solution and form a stable dispersion. Para-aramid fibers were soaked in deionized water for 2-3 hours to remove impurities and oil stains on the surface.

[0055] Dry the fiber in an oven at 80-100°C for 1-2 hours. Immerse the dried aramid fiber in the nano-flame retardant dispersion and stir at room temperature for 1-2 hours to allow the nano-flame retardant to fully adsorb on the fiber surface. Using a vacuum impregnation method, place the fiber and dispersion in a vacuum container and immerse at a vacuum of 0.05-0.08 MPa for 0.5-1 hour to further promote the penetration of the nano-flame retardant into the fiber.

[0056] Remove the fiber and rinse it several times with DMAc solution to remove any unabsorbed nano flame retardant on the surface. Dry the modified aramid fiber at 120-150°C for 2-3 hours to completely evaporate the solvent, then heat treat it at 200-250°C for 1-2 hours to form a stronger bond between the nano flame retardant and the aramid fiber and improve the fiber's crystalline structure.

[0057] Step S2: Preparation of metal ion modified aramid fiber structure:

[0058] Prepare a copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) metal salt solution. Prepare an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution with a pH of 5 (4-6 is acceptable) to stabilize the pH of the reaction system. Use glutaraldehyde as a reinforcing agent to form a cross-linking structure between the metal ions and the aramid fiber, enhancing bonding stability.

[0059] Soak the para-aramid fiber in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution for 1-2 hours to remove impurities and oxides on the fiber surface and activate the fiber surface. Rinse the fiber repeatedly with deionized water until the rinse solution is neutral, and dry the fiber in an oven at 70-90°C.

[0060] Immerse the pretreated aramid fiber in a metal salt solution with a concentration of 0.05-0.1 mol / L. Stir and react at room temperature (20-30°C) for 3-5 hours to load the metal ions onto the aramid fiber surface through ion exchange and chemical adsorption. During the reaction, add an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution to maintain a stable pH.

[0061] Remove the metal ion-loaded aramid fiber and rinse it multiple times with deionized water to remove any unreacted metal salts on the surface. Then immerse the fiber in a 0.5%-1% glutaraldehyde solution and allow it to react at 30-40°C for 2-3 hours to form a cross-linked structure between the metal ions and the aramid fiber.

[0062] The cross-linked aramid fiber is thoroughly washed with deionized water to remove residual cross-linking agent and impurities. Finally, the fiber is dried at 100° C. for 4-6 hours to obtain metal ion modified aramid fiber.

[0063] Step S3: Preparation of shear thickening gel material:

[0064] Add the nano-silica particles to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically disperse them for 30-60 minutes to achieve uniform dispersion. Add an appropriate amount of KH550 to the dispersion, with the amount of KH550 being 3%-5% by mass of the nano-silica. Stir and react at 60-80°C for 2-3 hours to allow the KH550 to hydrolyze and condense on the nano-silica surface, forming silanized nano-silica particles. After the reaction is complete, remove unreacted KH550 by centrifugation and wash with ethanol. The silanized nano-silica particles are then dried at 60°C to a constant weight.

[0065] Add the dried silanized nano-silica particles to PEG, with the mass fraction of the nano-silica particles controlled at 20%-30%. Stir at 1200-1500 rpm for 1-2 hours to evenly disperse the nano-silica particles in the PEG.

[0066] Add an appropriate amount of DBP to the dispersed system, with the amount of DBP being 10%-15% of the mass of PEG. Continue stirring for 30-60 minutes to ensure thorough mixing. Degas the mixture under vacuum at 60-80°C for 1-2 hours to remove bubbles and obtain a shear thickening gel material.

[0067] Step S4: The steps for local enhancement design of traditional emergency rescue suits are as follows:

[0068] Key areas of traditional impact-resistant rescue suits, such as the shoulders, elbows, and knees, which are prone to damage, have been identified as key reinforcement areas. These areas are frequently subjected to impact, friction, and other external forces during emergency rescue operations, and this reinforcement treatment can effectively improve the suit's durability and protective performance.

[0069] According to design requirements, a prepared flame-retardant layer (a flame-retardant-modified aramid fiber structure), an impact-resistant layer (a metal-ion-modified aramid fiber structure), and a buffer layer (a shear-thickening gel material) are laminated in key reinforcement areas. A special hot-pressing process tightly bonds the three layers. The hot-pressing process, controlled at a temperature of 150-180°C, a pressure of 0.5-1 MPa, and a duration of 5-10 minutes, ensures a strong chemical bond between the layers, enhancing overall structural strength.

[0070] Based on traditional impact-resistant rescue suits, the reinforced areas have been structurally optimized. Three-dimensional cutting is employed at the shoulders and elbows to enhance the material's fit and flexibility, preventing wrinkles and stress concentration during movement. The edges of the reinforced areas are specially hemmed and stitched with high-strength, wear-resistant thread to prevent delamination and wear. Inside the suit, a breathable, perspiration-wicking lining layer is added using a one-way, moisture-conducting functional fiber material to ensure the wearer remains dry and comfortable during high-intensity work, without compromising the protective performance of the three-layer exterior structure.

[0071] The present invention relates to the technical field of emergency rescue equipment, specifically to an impact-resistant emergency rescue suit and its preparation method. The present invention aims to provide an impact-resistant emergency rescue suit that, through structural and material innovations, adds a flame-retardant layer, an impact-resistant layer, and a cushioning layer to traditional emergency rescue suits, achieving multi-effect protection. While ensuring the overall quality of the suit, it also ensures the flexibility of rescue personnel in wearing it, thus meeting the protection needs of complex emergency and disaster relief environments.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] A flame-retardant, impact-resistant, and cushioning emergency rescue suit, wherein the vulnerable key parts of the suit are reinforced areas, which are at least one of the shoulders, elbows, knees, chest area, and spine area; the reinforced areas adopt a three-layer composite structure design;

[0074] Taking the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the flame retardant layer as 100%, the mass percentage of each component is:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] The raw materials for preparing the impact-resistant layer include copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) solution, acetic acid-sodium acetate solution, glutaraldehyde solution, and para-aramid fiber;

[0078] Taking the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the buffer layer as 100%, the mass percentage of each component is:

[0079]

[0080] A method for preparing a flame-retardant, impact-resistant, and cushioning integrated emergency rescue suit, the method comprising the following steps:

[0081] S1, preparation of flame retardant modified aramid fiber:

[0082] S11, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) to obtain a DMAc solution containing PVP;

[0083] S12, adding nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite to the DMAc solution containing PVP obtained in step S11, and ultrasonically dispersing for 30 minutes to uniformly disperse the nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite to form a stable dispersion;

[0084] S13, soaking the para-aramid fiber in deionized water for 0.5 hours to remove impurities and oil stains, and then drying it in a 90° C. oven for 1.5 hours;

[0085] S14, immersing the para-aramid fiber obtained in step S13 into the dispersion obtained in step S12, stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours, and removing the para-aramid fiber from the dispersion;

[0086] S15, the para-aramid fiber obtained in step S14 is subjected to a vacuum impregnation method, immersed at a vacuum degree of 0.06 MPa for 0.8 hour, taken out and rinsed with a DMAc solution, then dried at 130° C. for 2.5 hours, and finally heat-treated at 220° C. for 1.5 hours to obtain a flame retardant modified aramid fiber;

[0087] S2, preparation of metal ion modified aramid fiber:

[0088] S21, mixing the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution and the glutaraldehyde solution to obtain a mixed solution;

[0089] S22, immersing the para-aramid fiber in the mixed solution obtained in step S21 for 1.5 hours to activate it. After activation, the para-aramid fiber is removed and rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and finally dried in an oven at 80°C.

[0090] S23, immersing the para-aramid fiber treated in step S22 in a copper nitrate solution, stirring and reacting at room temperature (25° C.) for 2.5 hours, during which time an acetic acid-sodium acetate solution is added dropwise to maintain a stable pH value. After the reaction is completed, the para-aramid fiber is removed and rinsed;

[0091] S24, immersing the para-aramid fiber rinsed in step S23 in a glutaraldehyde solution and reacting at 35° C. for 2.5 hours. After the reaction is complete, the para-aramid fiber is taken out, rinsed, and dried;

[0092] In step S21, the mass concentration of the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution is 8%, the pH value is 5, the mass concentration of the glutaraldehyde solution is 3%, and the mass ratio of the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution and the glutaraldehyde solution when mixed is 3:2;

[0093] In step S23, maintaining a stable pH value means that the pH value is within the range of 4.5-5.5;

[0094] In step S24, the drying temperature is 95° C. and the drying time is 5 hours;

[0095] S3, preparing shear thickening gel material;

[0096] S31, adding nano-silica particles to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersing them for 45 minutes to obtain solution A;

[0097] S32, adding aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) to the solution A obtained in step S31, stirring and reacting at 70° C. for 2.5 hours, centrifuging and washing with ethanol, and then drying at 55° C. to constant weight to obtain dried silanized nano-silica particles;

[0098] S33, adding the silanized nano-silica particles obtained in step S32 to polyethylene glycol (PEG) and stirring for 1.5 hours to obtain solution B;

[0099] S34, adding dibutyl phthalate (DBP) to the solution B obtained in step S33, continuing stirring for 45 minutes, and finally vacuum degassing at 70° C. for 1.5 hours to obtain a shear thickening gel material;

[0100] S4, locally reinforced emergency rescue suits with integrated flame retardancy, impact resistance, and cushioning: The prepared flame retardant, impact resistance, and cushioning layers are laminated in the reinforced area using a hot pressing process. The hot pressing temperature is controlled at 160°C, the pressure is 0.8 MPa, and the time is controlled for 8 minutes to ensure a tight bond between the layers. Simultaneously, the reinforced areas are structurally optimized, such as using three-dimensional cutting at the shoulders and elbows, reinforcing the edges of the areas and binding them with high-strength, wear-resistant thread. A one-way, moisture-wicking, breathable lining is added to the interior of the suit.

[0101] Prepare experimental equipment: high-temperature flame spray gun, simulated heavy object impact device, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air cannon launch device (for simulating fragment impact), impact testing machine (for testing impact resistance), electronic scale, etc.

[0102] Flame retardant performance test: Use a high-temperature flame spray gun to continuously spray flames on the flame retardant layer of the rescue suit for 5 minutes, maintaining the temperature at 800°C, and use a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature changes of the inner layer.

[0103] Anti-fragmentation speed test: Use an air cannon launcher to launch simulated fragments, gradually increasing the speed until it reaches 300m / s or above, and observe whether the rescue suit is penetrated.

[0104] Impact strength test: Use an impact testing machine to hit the core part of the rescue suit with an energy of 100J to check the damage of the rescue suit.

[0105] Cushioning performance test: A 20J impact energy was applied to a simulated human model wearing a rescue suit. Pressure sensors were installed on the neck and spine to record the impact force data.

[0106] Lightweight test: Use a digital scale to weigh the rescue suit top.

[0107] The experimental results are:

[0108] Flame retardant performance: Within 5 minutes, the temperature of the inner layer of the rescue suit only rose by 10°C. After the flame was extinguished, there was no obvious damage or burning marks on the flame retardant layer.

[0109] Impact resistance: When the fragment speed reaches 300m / s, the rescue suit is not penetrated; when the impact intensity reaches 100J, the surface of the rescue suit is only slightly dented and not damaged.

[0110] Cushioning performance: Under 20J impact, the impact force on the neck is 2.2kN and the impact force on the spine is 4.5kN.

[0111] Lightweight test: The top weighs 2.3kg, which meets the lightweight requirements.

[0112] Experimental Example 2

[0113] (1) Experimental preparation

[0114] Preparation of experimental rescue suit: Make another emergency rescue suit with flame retardant, impact resistance and cushioning.

[0115] Example 1 uses the lower limit value, and Example 2 uses the upper limit value.

[0116] Taking the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the flame retardant layer as 100%, the mass percentage of each component is:

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] The raw materials for preparing the impact-resistant layer include copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) solution, acetic acid-sodium acetate solution, glutaraldehyde solution, and para-aramid fiber;

[0120] Taking the total mass of the raw materials for preparing the buffer layer as 100%, the mass percentage of each component is:

[0121]

[0122] A method for preparing a flame-retardant, impact-resistant, and cushioning integrated emergency rescue suit, the method comprising the following steps:

[0123] S1, preparation of flame retardant modified aramid fiber:

[0124] S11, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) to obtain a DMAc solution containing PVP;

[0125] S12, adding nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite to the DMAc solution containing PVP obtained in step S11, and ultrasonically dispersing for 60 minutes to uniformly disperse the nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite to form a stable dispersion;

[0126] S13, soaking the para-aramid fiber in deionized water for 0.5 hours to remove impurities and oil stains, and then drying it in an oven at 100° C. for 2 hours;

[0127] S14, immersing the para-aramid fiber obtained in step S13 into the dispersion obtained in step S12, stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, and removing the para-aramid fiber from the dispersion;

[0128] S15, the para-aramid fiber obtained in step S14 is subjected to a vacuum impregnation method, immersed at a vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa for 1 hour, taken out and rinsed with a DMAc solution, then dried at 150° C. for 3 hours, and finally heat-treated at 250° C. for 2 hours to obtain a flame retardant modified aramid fiber;

[0129] S2, preparation of metal ion modified aramid fiber:

[0130] S21, mixing the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution and the glutaraldehyde solution to obtain a mixed solution;

[0131] S22, immersing the para-aramid fiber in the mixed solution obtained in step S21 for 2 hours to activate it. After activation, the para-aramid fiber is removed and rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and finally dried in a 90° C. oven;

[0132] S23, immersing the para-aramid fiber treated in step S22 in a copper nitrate solution, stirring and reacting at room temperature (25° C.) for 5 hours, during which acetic acid-sodium acetate solution is added dropwise to maintain a stable pH value. After the reaction is completed, the para-aramid fiber is removed and rinsed;

[0133] S24, immersing the para-aramid fiber rinsed in step S23 in a glutaraldehyde solution and reacting at 40° C. for 3 hours. After the reaction is complete, the para-aramid fiber is taken out, rinsed, and dried;

[0134] In step S21, the mass concentration of the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution is 8%, the pH value is 6, the mass concentration of the glutaraldehyde solution is 3%, and the mass ratio of the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution and the glutaraldehyde solution when mixed is 3:2;

[0135] In step S23, maintaining a stable pH value means that the pH value is within the range of 5-6;

[0136] In step S24, the drying temperature is 100° C. and the drying time is 6 hours;

[0137] S3, preparing shear thickening gel material;

[0138] S31, adding nano-silica particles to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersing them for 60 minutes to obtain solution A;

[0139] S32, adding aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) to the solution A obtained in step S31, stirring and reacting at 80° C. for 3 h, centrifuging and washing with ethanol, and then drying at 60° C. to constant weight to obtain dried silanized nano-silica particles;

[0140] S33, adding the silanized nano-silica particles obtained in step S32 to polyethylene glycol (PEG) and stirring for 2 hours to obtain solution B;

[0141] S34, adding dibutyl phthalate (DBP) to the solution B obtained in step S33, continuing stirring for 45 minutes, and finally vacuum degassing at 70° C. for 2 hours to obtain a shear thickening gel material;

[0142] S4, locally reinforced emergency rescue suits with integrated flame retardancy, impact resistance, and cushioning: The prepared flame retardant, impact resistant, and cushioning layers are laminated in the reinforced area using a hot pressing process. The hot pressing temperature is controlled at 180°C, the pressure is 1 MPa, and the time is controlled for 10 minutes to ensure a tight bond between the layers. Simultaneously, the reinforced areas are structurally optimized, such as using three-dimensional cutting at the shoulders and elbows, reinforcing the edges of the areas with high-strength, wear-resistant thread, and adding a one-way, moisture-wicking, breathable lining layer inside the suit.

[0143] Prepare experimental equipment: high-temperature flame spray gun, simulated heavy object impact device, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air cannon launch device (for simulating fragment impact), impact testing machine (for testing impact resistance), electronic scale, etc.

[0144] (2) Experimental process

[0145] Flame retardant performance test: Place the rescue suit in a high temperature environment of 700℃ for 3 minutes to observe its flame retardant effect.

[0146] Anti-fragmentation speed test: Use an air cannon launcher to accelerate simulated fragments to over 300m / s and impact the core part of the rescue suit.

[0147] Impact strength test: Use an impact testing machine to hit the rescue suit with an energy of 100J to check the protective effect.

[0148] Cushioning performance test: Simulates a 20J impact scenario, impacts a simulated human model wearing a rescue suit, and records the impact force on the neck and spine.

[0149] Lightweight test: Weigh the rescue suit top.

[0150] (3) Experimental results

[0151] Flame retardant performance: Within 3 minutes, the rescue suit was not ignited and the internal temperature remained basically unchanged.

[0152] Impact resistance: When the fragment speed reaches 320m / s, the rescue suit is not damaged; when the impact intensity reaches 100J, the rescue suit remains intact.

[0153] Cushioning performance: Under 20J impact, the impact force on the neck is 2.4kN and the impact force on the spine is 4.8kN.

[0154] Lightweight test: The top weighs 2.4kg, meeting the lightweight index.

[0155] 3. Comparative Examples

[0156] (1) Experimental preparation

[0157] Prepare ordinary rescue clothes: Select ordinary emergency rescue clothes commonly found on the market as comparison objects.

[0158] Preparation of experimental equipment: the same as in Experimental Example 1 above.

[0159] (2) Experimental process

[0160] Flame retardant performance test: Use a high-temperature flame spray gun to continuously spray flames on ordinary rescue clothing for 3 minutes at a temperature of 600°C.

[0161] Anti-fragmentation speed test: Use an air cannon launcher to launch simulated fragments to impact ordinary rescue suits, and gradually increase the speed.

[0162] Impact strength test: Use an impact testing machine to hit ordinary rescue clothing with 100J energy.

[0163] Cushioning performance test: 20J of impact energy is applied to a simulated human model wearing ordinary rescue clothing, and the impact force on the neck and spine is measured.

[0164] Lightweight test: Weigh the weight of an ordinary rescue suit top.

[0165] (3) Experimental results

[0166] Flame retardant performance: Within 3 minutes, the surface of ordinary rescue suits will show obvious carbonization and the internal temperature will rise rapidly to over 50℃.

[0167] Impact resistance: When the fragment velocity reaches 200m / s, ordinary rescue suits will be penetrated; when the impact intensity reaches 80J, the rescue suit will be seriously damaged.

[0168] Cushioning performance: Under a 20J impact, the impact force on the neck reaches 4kN and the impact force on the spine reaches 7kN.

[0169] Lightweight test: The top weighs 3kg, exceeding the lightweight requirements.

[0170] By comparing Experimental Examples 1 and 2 with the comparative example, it can be clearly seen that the flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue clothing of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention have significant advantages in flame retardancy, impact resistance, cushioning performance and lightweight, and all indicators can meet or even exceed the research and development requirements, and can better protect the safety of rescue personnel.

[0171] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit, characterized by: The reinforced area of ​​the rescue suit adopts a three-layer composite structure, which includes an outermost flame retardant layer, an innermost buffer layer and a middle impact-resistant layer; Among them, the outermost flame retardant layer uses flame retardant modified aramid fiber; The middle impact-resistant layer is made of metal ion-modified aramid fiber; The innermost buffer layer uses shear thickening gel.

2. The flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the outermost flame retardant layer include nano magnesium hydroxide, nano montmorillonite, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide, and para-aramid fiber; Taking the total mass of the raw materials of the flame retardant layer as 100%, the mass percentage of each component is: Nano magnesium hydroxide 5%-10% Nano-montmorillonite 5%-10% Polyvinylpyrrolidone 5%-10% Dimethylacetamide 2%-4% Para-aramid fiber 60%-83%.

3. The flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing the outermost flame retardant layer of flame retardant modified aramid fiber is: S11, mixing polyvinyl pyrrolidone and dimethylacetamide to obtain a DMAc solution containing PVP; S12, adding nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite to the DMAc solution containing PVP obtained in step S11, and ultrasonically dispersing to obtain a dispersion; S13, soaking the para-aramid fiber in deionized water and drying it in an oven at 80-100° C. for 1-2 hours; S14, immersing the para-aramid fiber dried in step S13 into the dispersion obtained in step S12, stirring at room temperature for 1-2 hours, and removing the para-aramid fiber from the dispersion; S15, the para-aramid fiber taken out in step S14 is vacuum impregnated at a vacuum degree of 0.05-0.08 MPa for 0.5-1 hour, taken out and rinsed with DMAc solution, then dried at 120-150° C. for 2-3 hours, and finally heat treated at 200-250° C. for 1-2 hours to obtain flame retardant modified aramid fiber.

4. The flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the middle impact-resistant layer include copper nitrate solution, acetic acid-sodium acetate solution, glutaraldehyde solution, and para-aramid fiber.

5. The flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for preparing the metal ion modified aramid fiber of the middle impact-resistant layer is as follows: S21, mixing the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution and the glutaraldehyde solution to obtain a mixed solution; S22, immersing the para-aramid fiber in the mixed solution obtained in step S21 for 1-2 hours for activation. After activation, the para-aramid fiber is removed and rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and finally dried in an oven at 70-90°C. S23, immersing the para-aramid fiber treated in step S22 in a copper nitrate solution, stirring and reacting at room temperature for 3-5 hours, during which time an acetic acid-sodium acetate solution is added dropwise to maintain a stable pH value. After the reaction is completed, the para-aramid fiber is removed and rinsed; S24, immersing the para-aramid fiber rinsed in step S23 into a glutaraldehyde solution, reacting at 30-40°C for 2-3 hours, taking out the para-aramid fiber after the reaction, rinsing, and drying to obtain metal ion modified aramid fiber.

6. The flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S21, the mass concentration of the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution is 8%, the pH value is 4-6, the mass concentration of the glutaraldehyde solution is 3%, and the mass ratio of the acetic acid-sodium acetate solution to the glutaraldehyde solution when mixed is 3:2; In step S23, maintaining a stable pH value means that the pH value is within the range of 4-6; In step S24, the drying temperature is 90-100° C. and the drying time is 4-6 hours.

7. The flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the innermost buffer layer include nano-silicon dioxide, polyethylene glycol, dibutyl phthalate, and aminopropyltriethoxysilane; Taking the total mass of the raw materials of the innermost buffer layer as 100%, the mass percentage of each component is: Nano-silicon dioxide 20% - 30% Polyethylene glycol 40% - 60% Dibutyl phthalate 4% - 9% Aminopropyltriethoxysilane 0.6%-1.5%.

8. The flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano-silicon dioxide particles is between 20-75 nm, and the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is between 200-600.

9. The flame retardant, impact resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The method for preparing the shear thickening gel of the innermost buffer layer is: S31, adding nano-silica particles to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersing them for 30-60 minutes to obtain solution A; S32, adding aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the solution A obtained in step S31, stirring and reacting at 60-80° C. for 2-3 hours, centrifuging and washing with ethanol, and then drying at 50-60° C. to constant weight to obtain dried silanized nano-silica particles; S33, adding the silanized nano-silica particles obtained in step S32 to polyethylene glycol and stirring for 1-2 hours to obtain solution B; S34, adding dibutyl phthalate to the solution B obtained in step S33, continuing stirring for 30-60 minutes, and finally vacuum degassing at 60-80° C. for 1-2 hours to obtain a shear thickening gel.

10. A method for preparing a fire-retardant, impact-resistant and cushioning integrated rescue suit, characterized in that The steps of the method include: S1, preparing flame retardant modified aramid fiber; S2, preparation of metal ion modified aramid fiber; S3, preparation of shear thickening gel; S4, using a hot pressing process to composite and stack the prepared flame retardant layer flame retardant modified aramid fiber, the impact resistant layer metal ion modified aramid fiber and the buffer layer shear thickening gel in the reinforcement area to make the layers tightly combined; The temperature in the hot pressing process is 150-180°C, the pressure is 0.5-1MPa, and the time is 5-10min; The enhanced area is at least one of the shoulders, elbows, knees, chest area, and spine area.

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