Multifunctional transparent soil testing device of arc-shaped sliding rail and testing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional transparent soil test device and test method for arc-shaped slide rails, and relates to the technical field of geotechnical tests.The multifunctional transparent soil test device comprises an arc-shaped slide rail support, transverse slide rails are arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the arc-shaped slide rail support, slide rail supports are slidably connected to the transverse slide rails, and a first arc-shaped slide rail is rotatably connected to the upper-layer slide rail support; a second arc-shaped sliding rail is rotationally connected to the lower-layer sliding rail support. A side camera, a horizontal plane camera, a front top laser, a front bottom laser and a horizontal laser are slidably connected to the first arc-shaped sliding rail in a damping mode. The second arc-shaped sliding rail is in damping sliding connection with a front camera and a side laser. Through the arrangement of the device, a single pile, a pile group, a tunnel, a side slope and a soil displacement field under the condition of combination can be completely covered and observed in multiple dimensions; the device is not only suitable for conventional single pile, pile group and inclined pile group bearing characteristic tests, but also can be used for working conditions that the pile group passes through a tunnel or a side slope and the like, and the change rule of a transparent soil displacement field is more comprehensively observed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical testing, and in particular to a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] Transparent soil technology uses transparent materials to simulate real soil. Combined with laser speckle or image analysis techniques, it enables visualization of the internal displacement field of the soil. While traditional sensors such as soil pressure cells or strain gauges only capture discrete point data, transparent soil, combined with optical technology, can capture continuous deformation across the entire field without disturbing the soil structure.

[0003] In transparent soil pile foundation tests, the pile bodies are usually painted black to prevent the pile body from reflecting laser light, which results in poor speckle field effects around the pile body. The black pile body can significantly reduce surface reflections, but it also makes the pile body opaque and the laser cannot penetrate. Therefore, when a single pile is horizontally loaded, a conventional single laser can only capture the speckle field on one side. Although an additional laser can be added on the other side, it is difficult to fully capture the speckle field of the observation surface for pile groups, inclined pile groups, pile groups passing through tunnels or pipelines, etc. For complex working conditions such as inclined pile groups, tunnel excavation tests, and pile groups passing through tunnels, the current transparent soil test equipment is also difficult to meet the requirements of many locations that are difficult to observe with a single laser or a single-angle laser, such as the interior of inclined pile groups, double tunnels, and inclined tunnels.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a multifunctional transparent soil testing device to significantly reduce the many blind spots of conventional laser irradiation methods. It is suitable for conventional single pile, pile group, and inclined pile group bearing characteristic tests. At the same time, it can also meet various working conditions such as pile foundation penetration process, vertical or horizontal loading bearing capacity research, tunnel excavation disturbance deformation, slope failure deformation, etc., to achieve full coverage and multi-dimensional observation of the target displacement field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects in the prior art and to propose a multifunctional transparent soil testing device and a testing method with an arc-shaped slide rail.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail comprises an arc-shaped slide rail support, wherein both upper and lower end surfaces of the arc-shaped slide rail support are provided with transverse slide rails, a slide rail bracket is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail, a first arc-shaped slide rail is rotatably connected to the upper slide rail bracket, and a second arc-shaped slide rail is rotatably connected to the lower slide rail bracket;

[0008] The first arc-shaped slide rail is connected to a side camera, a horizontal camera, a front top laser, a front bottom laser and a horizontal laser in a damped sliding manner;

[0009] The second arc-shaped slide rail is connected to a front camera and a side laser in a damping sliding manner.

[0010] Furthermore, the slide rail bracket is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, and a fixed tray is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The upper fixed tray is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the bottom of the first arc-shaped slide rail, and the lower fixed tray is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the bottom of the second arc-shaped slide rail.

[0011] Furthermore, the horizontal plane camera is arranged above the bottom of the first arc-shaped slide rail, and the front bottom laser is arranged on one side of the horizontal plane camera and adjacent to the horizontal plane camera;

[0012] There are two groups of front top lasers, one adjacent to each end of the first arc-shaped slide rail;

[0013] The side camera and the horizontal laser are located between the horizontal plane camera and the front top laser and are away from each other, as described.

[0014] Furthermore, the front top laser, the front bottom laser, the horizontal laser, the side laser, the front camera, the horizontal camera and the side camera are all provided with sliding components;

[0015] The sliding assembly includes a slider and a clamp. The slider is slidably connected to the slider groove of the first arc-shaped slide rail or the second arc-shaped slide rail. The slider is rotatably connected to the clamp through a slider shaft. The clamp is used to fix the laser or camera. A level bubble is provided on the clamp.

[0016] Furthermore, the arc-shaped slide rail is also provided with a plurality of lasers for observing the positions of the horizontal surface speckle field; and the plurality of lasers are all coordinated with the bottom horizontal surface camera.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a model box bracket, the bearing platform of the model box bracket is located above the arc-shaped slide rail support, and the bearing platform is a transparent structure for bearing the model box.

[0018] A multifunctional transparent soil testing method for an arc-shaped slide rail utilizes the multifunctional transparent soil testing device for an arc-shaped slide rail and includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Set up the test device and model box bracket;

[0020] S2: Prepare transparent soil and introduce it into the model box;

[0021] S3: Load the specimen model longitudinally into the model box;

[0022] S4: Turn on the front top laser, the front bottom laser, and the front camera to capture the front longitudinal speckle field: push the transverse slide rail of the first arc slide rail, slide the first arc slide rail back and forth, switch to each predetermined position to capture the front longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed; after completing the front longitudinal speckle field capture, turn off the front top laser, the front bottom laser, and the front camera;

[0023] S5: Turn on the side laser and side camera to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of the model: push the transverse slide of the second arc slide, slide the second arc slide left and right, switch to the predetermined position to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0024] S6: After completing the capture of the side longitudinal speckle field, turn off the side laser and side camera: turn on the horizontal laser and horizontal plane camera, only turn on one horizontal laser for a single shot, and use the horizontal plane camera to capture the horizontal speckle fields of multiple model boxes at different depths; after completing all horizontal speckle field captures, turn off the horizontal laser and horizontal plane camera;

[0025] S7: Continue loading the model, detect different depth states each time, and repeat steps S4 to S6;

[0026] S8: Load the model to the final target depth and stop longitudinal loading;

[0027] S9: performing interval horizontal loading on the specimen model loaded to the final target depth, and repeating the operations of steps S4 to S6;

[0028] S10: The test is terminated until the horizontal force causes damage to the specimen model.

[0029] Beneficial effects

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The device has a compact structure and integrates multiple lasers and cameras into one, making the test operation convenient and fast.

[0032] 2. The device is equipped with two upper and lower arc-shaped slide rails, so that the laser and camera on the slide rails can slide arbitrarily in the longitudinal section with a large range of movement.

[0033] 3. A transverse slide rail and a rotating shaft are set up so that the two arc-shaped slide rails can slide and rotate freely on the horizontal plane to meet the test needs, and can capture the speckle field formed by multiple longitudinal laser planes.

[0034] 4. By setting up multiple lasers and multiple cameras on the guide rail, speckle fields in multiple angles and horizontal directions can be formed.

[0035] 5. The device is not only suitable for conventional single pile, pile group, and inclined pile group bearing characteristic tests, but also can meet various working conditions such as pile foundation penetration process, vertical or horizontal loading bearing capacity research, tunnel excavation disturbance deformation, slope failure deformation, etc., to achieve full coverage and multi-dimensional observation of the target displacement field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1 The present invention provides an overall schematic diagram of a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail;

[0038] Figure 2 A top view of a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail is provided for the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a penetration test of a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail;

[0040] Figure 4 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a horizontal load-bearing test of a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail;

[0041] Figure 5 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a slide rail slider of a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail;

[0042] Figure 6 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of an arc-shaped slide rail of a multifunctional transparent soil testing device;

[0043] Figure 7 The present invention provides a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and a method of using the same. A schematic diagram of the working condition of a pile group passing through a tunnel;

[0044] Figure 8 The present invention provides a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and a method for using the same. A schematic diagram of the working condition of a pile group passing through an oblique tunnel;

[0045] Figure 9 The present invention provides a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and a method of using the same, showing a schematic diagram of a single pile working condition;

[0046] Figure 10 The present invention provides a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and a method for using the device, as well as a schematic diagram of a tilted pile group working condition.

[0047] In the figure: 101, first curved slide rail; 102, second curved slide rail; 103, curved slide rail connecting rod; 201, front top laser; 202, front bottom laser; 203, horizontal laser; 204, side laser; 301, front camera; 302, horizontal plane camera; 303, side camera; 4, fixed tray; 5, rotating shaft; 6, curved slide rail support; 7, bottom slide rail; 701, slide rail bracket; 702, horizontal slide rail; 8, model box bracket; 9, actuator bracket; 10, actuator; 11, pile group model; 12, model box; 104, slider groove; 105, slider; 106, slider ridge; 107, slider rotating shaft; 108, level bubble; 109, clamp; 13, horizontal load bracket; 14, single pile model; 15, transparent soil; 16, inclined pile group model; 17, tunnel model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0050] Reference Attachment Figure 1-10 , a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail, mainly comprising: a first arc-shaped slide rail, a laser 2, a camera 3, a fixed tray 4, a rotating shaft 5, an arc-shaped slide rail support 6, and a bottom slide rail 7;

[0051] The first arc-shaped slide rail 101 is set on the arc-shaped slide rail support 6. It is a 240° arc-shaped track with a slide groove inside to install the laser 2 and camera 3 of the slider 105. Multiple lasers 2 and cameras 3 can be set according to the test needs;

[0052] The front top laser 201 and the front bottom laser 202 can vertically irradiate the model box 12 with the transparent soil 15 in the middle at multiple angles, and can freely adjust the position on the first arc-shaped slide rail according to the height and width of the model box 12;

[0053] The second curved rail 102 is initially perpendicular to the first curved rail 101 and has a front camera 301 on its front side. The front camera 301 can capture the speckle field generated by the front top laser 201 and the front bottom laser 202. The height of the camera can be freely adjusted on the curved rail 102 according to experimental needs. The horizontal speckle field generated by the horizontal laser 203 is captured by the horizontal plane camera 302 located at the bottom of the first curved rail.

[0054] In order to ensure that the horizontal laser 203 is irradiated on the model box 12, it is necessary to observe the level bubble 108 on the slider 105 to ensure that the level bubble 108 is centered;

[0055] The slider 105, the laser 2 and the camera 3 are fixed by a clamp 109; there are three slider ridges 106 on the slider 105, which can match the slider grooves 104 inside the first curved slide rail to ensure the slider's movement and fixed position; the side laser 204 can generate a laser surface parallel to the second curved slide rail 102, and its speckle field is captured by the side camera 303 of the first curved slide rail 101; the first curved slide rail and the second curved slide rail are both installed on the fixed tray 4; the fixed tray 4 is mounted on the bottom slide rail 7; the slide rail bracket 701 is fixed on the curved slide rail support 6, and the transverse slide rail 702 is installed on the slide rail bracket 701; the bottom slide rail 7 and the fixed tray 4 are connected by a rotating shaft 5 in the middle, which can make the first curved slide rail and the second curved slide rail rotate around the vertical axis.

[0056] Specifically, the rotating shaft can vertically rotate the first curved slide rail and the second curved slide rail to make the laser or camera perpendicular or parallel to the surface to be observed. The curved slide rail can also rotate around the rotating shaft and move horizontally at the same time.

[0057] In other preferred embodiments, the transverse rails 702 of the first and second curved rails can be moved and can slide horizontally forward and backward or left and right along the rail direction on the rail bracket 701 to capture speckle fields of different cross sections.

[0058] In other preferred embodiments, the first curved slide rail and the second curved slide rail can be rotated according to working conditions such as inclined tunnels to make the laser or camera perpendicular or parallel to the surface to be observed; the rotation can also be coordinated with the movement of the horizontal slide rail 702.

[0059] In other preferred embodiments, if multiple horizontal surface speckle fields need to be captured, the number of horizontal surfaces determines the number of horizontal lasers 203. One horizontal laser 203 is set for each horizontal surface to be observed. This prevents the horizontal laser 203 from being displaced too far from its original position by moving the slider 105 during the experiment, making it impossible to compare and analyze the original speckle field. Specifically, multiple horizontal lasers can be set depending on the experimental situation, while only one horizontal surface camera is always in use. During the experiment, only the horizontal laser corresponding to one surface to be observed is activated at a time, and the bottom horizontal surface camera is used to capture the image. After the cross-section is captured, the horizontal laser is turned off, and another horizontal laser is activated to capture the speckle field again, until the horizontal speckle fields of all the surfaces to be observed are captured.

[0060] In other preferred embodiments, the first arc-shaped slide rail is installed at the top of the arc-shaped slide rail support 6, and the second arc-shaped slide rail is installed at the bottom; the first arc-shaped slide rail is composed of a complete 240° arc, and the second arc-shaped slide rail is composed of 120° arcs at both ends plus a section of arc-shaped slide rail connecting rod 103.

[0061] A multifunctional transparent soil testing method with an arc-shaped slide rail utilizes the multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and includes the following steps:

[0062] S1: Set up the test device and model box bracket;

[0063] S2: Prepare transparent soil and introduce it into the model box;

[0064] S3: Load the specimen model longitudinally into the model box;

[0065] S4: Turn on the front top laser, the front bottom laser, and the front camera to capture the front longitudinal speckle field: push the transverse slide rail of the first arc slide rail, slide the first arc slide rail back and forth, switch to each predetermined position to capture the front longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed; after completing the front longitudinal speckle field capture, turn off the front top laser, the front bottom laser, and the front camera;

[0066] S5: Turn on the side laser and side camera to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of the model: push the transverse slide of the second arc slide, slide the second arc slide left and right, switch to the predetermined position to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0067] S6: After completing the capture of the side longitudinal speckle field, turn off the side laser and side camera: turn on the horizontal laser and horizontal plane camera, only turn on one horizontal laser for a single shot, and use the horizontal plane camera to capture the horizontal speckle fields of multiple model boxes at different depths; after completing all horizontal speckle field captures, turn off the horizontal laser and horizontal plane camera;

[0068] S7: Continue loading the model, detect different depth states each time, and repeat steps S4 to S6;

[0069] S8: Load the model to the final target depth and stop longitudinal loading;

[0070] S9: performing interval horizontal loading on the specimen model loaded to the final target depth, and repeating the operations of steps S4 to S6;

[0071] S10: The test is terminated until the horizontal force causes damage to the specimen model.

[0072] In other preferred embodiments, simultaneously turning on multi-directional or multi-layer lasers in steps S4 to S6 will seriously affect the speckle field shooting effect, so only one laser in one direction can be turned on for single speckle field capture.

[0073] If there are multiple horizontal lasers, in order to avoid interference between multiple layers of lasers, only one horizontal laser 203 can be turned on at a time, and the horizontal lasers of different layers can be photographed from top to bottom or from bottom to top.

[0074] In other preferred embodiments, the transparent soil in step S2 needs to be vacuumed or consolidated and compressed to improve transparency.

[0075] In other preferred embodiments, the model box 12 is made of a transparent acrylic plate; the tabletop of the model box stand on which the model box 12 is placed is an acrylic plate that can transmit laser light.

[0076] Among them, when the sample model is a pile group model, in order to avoid the laser reflection from the pile body affecting the effect, the surface of the pile group model 11 needs to be sprayed with matte black paint.

[0077] Example 1:

[0078] A multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail is used for pile group penetration and horizontal bearing capacity tests;

[0079] The main reference for pile group penetration and horizontal bearing capacity test Figure 3 and Figure 4 The test device mainly includes: arc slide 1, laser 2, camera 3, camera bracket, rotating shaft 5, arc slide support 6, slide rail 7, model box bracket 8, actuator bracket 9, actuator 10, pile group model 11, model box 12, horizontal load bracket 13, and transparent soil 15.

[0080] S101: Setting up the test device, the model box bracket 8 and the actuator bracket 9;

[0081] S102: Prepare transparent soil 15 and introduce it into the model box 12;

[0082] S103: Setting up the actuator 10 and connecting the pile group model 11, preparing for penetration;

[0083] S104: Start the actuator 10 and penetrate the pile group model 11 to a certain depth and stop;

[0084] S105: Turn on the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 to capture the front longitudinal speckle field;

[0085] S106: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the first curved slide rail 101, sliding the first curved slide rail 101 back and forth, switching to different positions to capture the frontal longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0086] S107: After completing the front longitudinal speckle field capture, the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 are turned off;

[0087] S108: Turn on the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of the model.

[0088] S109: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the second curved slide rail 102, sliding the second curved slide rail 102 left and right, switching to different positions to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0089] S110: After completing the side longitudinal speckle field capture, the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 are turned off;

[0090] S111: Turn on the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302. Only one horizontal laser 203 is turned on for a single shot. The horizontal plane camera 302 is used to capture horizontal speckle fields of multiple model box depths at different depths.

[0091] S112: After all horizontal speckle field captures are completed, the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302 are turned off;

[0092] S113: Continue to penetrate the pile group model 11, and repeat the above steps S105 to S112 each time a certain depth is reached;

[0093] S114: The pile group model 11 is penetrated to the final target depth, and the actuator 10 is closed;

[0094] S115: Install the horizontal load support 13 and the horizontal actuator 10;

[0095] S116: Start the actuator 10 to apply a horizontal force of a certain load to the pile group model 11;

[0096] S117: Repeat the above steps S105 to S112 to apply a horizontal force of a certain load again;

[0097] S118: After the horizontal force of the actuator 10 causes damage to the pile group, the test ends.

[0098] In a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and a method for using the same, simultaneously turning on multiple directions or multiple layers of lasers will seriously affect the speckle field shooting effect. Therefore, only one laser in one direction can be turned on at a time to capture the speckle field.

[0099] In a multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and a method for using the same, the model box 12 is made of a transparent acrylic plate; the tabletop of the model box stand on which the model box 12 is placed is an acrylic plate that can transmit laser light.

[0100] Preferably, if there are multiple horizontal lasers, in order to avoid interference between multiple layers of lasers, only one horizontal laser 203 can be turned on at a time, and the horizontal lasers of different layers can be photographed in a top-to-bottom or bottom-to-top order.

[0101] Preferably, in order to prevent the pile body laser reflection from affecting the effect, the surface of the pile group model 11 needs to be sprayed with matte black paint.

[0102] In the multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and the method for using the same, the transparent soil needs to be vacuumed or consolidated and compressed to improve its transparency.

[0103] Example 2:

[0104] A multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail is used for deformation tests of pile groups passing through tunnels;

[0105] The main reference for the deformation test of pile groups under tunnels Figure 3 and Figure 7 The test device mainly includes: arc slide 1, laser 2, camera 3, camera bracket, rotating shaft 5, arc slide support 6, slide rail 7, model box bracket 8, actuator bracket 9, actuator 10, pile group model 11, model box 12, horizontal load bracket 13, and transparent soil 15.

[0106] S201: Setting up the test device, the model box bracket 8 and the actuator bracket 9;

[0107] S202: Prepare transparent soil 15 and introduce it into the model box 12;

[0108] S203: Setting up the actuator 10 and connecting it to the pile group model 11, and preparing for penetration;

[0109] S204: Start the actuator 10 and penetrate the pile group model 11 to the target depth;

[0110] S205: Adjust the positions of the front top laser 201 and the front bottom laser 202 and keep them level;

[0111] S206: excavating a tunnel model 17 at a certain position in the model box, and stopping the excavation operation after reaching a certain distance;

[0112] S207: Turn on the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 to capture the front longitudinal speckle field;

[0113] S208: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the first curved slide rail 101, sliding the first curved slide rail 101 back and forth, switching to different positions to capture the front longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0114] S209: After completing the front longitudinal speckle field capture, the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 are turned off;

[0115] S210: Turn on the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of the model.

[0116] S211: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the second curved slide rail 102, sliding the second curved slide rail 102 left and right, switching to different positions to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0117] S212: After the side longitudinal speckle field is captured, the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 are turned off;

[0118] S213: Turn on the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302. Only one horizontal laser 203 is turned on for a single shot. The horizontal plane camera 302 is used to capture horizontal speckle fields of multiple model box depths at different depths.

[0119] S214: After all horizontal speckle field captures are completed, the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302 are turned off;

[0120] S215: Continue excavating the tunnel model 17. After each excavation reaches a certain depth, repeat the above steps S207 to S214.

[0121] S216: The tunnel model 17 is excavated to the final position, and the test ends.

[0122] Example 3:

[0123] A multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail is used for deformation testing of pile groups passing through oblique tunnels.

[0124] The main reference for the deformation of pile groups passing through oblique tunnels Figure 3 and Figure 8The test device mainly includes: arc slide 1, laser 2, camera 3, fixed tray 4, rotating shaft 5, arc slide support 6, slide 7, model box bracket 8, actuator bracket 9, actuator 10, pile group model 11, model box 12, transparent soil 15, and tunnel model 17.

[0125] S301: Setting up the test device, the model box bracket 8 and the actuator bracket 9;

[0126] S302: Prepare transparent soil 15 and introduce it into the model box 12;

[0127] S303: Setting up the actuator 10 and connecting it to the pile group model 11, preparing for penetration;

[0128] S304: Start the actuator 10 and penetrate the pile group model 11 to the target depth;

[0129] S305: Adjust the number and position of the front laser 2 to ensure that a speckle field can be formed on every part of the oblique tunnel observation surface with excavation;

[0130] S306: Adjust the directions of the first curved slide rail 101 and the second curved slide rail 102 to be perpendicular or horizontal to the excavation direction of the tunnel model 17 respectively;

[0131] S307: Excavating a tunnel model 17 at a certain position in the model box, and stopping the excavation operation after reaching a certain distance;

[0132] S308: Turn on the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 to capture the front longitudinal speckle field;

[0133] S309: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the first curved slide rail 101, sliding the first curved slide rail 101 back and forth, switching to different positions to capture the frontal longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0134] S310: Complete the front longitudinal speckle field capture, turn off the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301;

[0135] S311: Turn on the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of the model.

[0136] S312: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the second curved slide rail 102, sliding the second curved slide rail 102 left and right, switching to different positions to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0137] S313: After completing the side longitudinal speckle field capture, the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 are turned off;

[0138] S314: Turn on the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302. Only one horizontal laser 203 is turned on for a single shot. The horizontal plane camera 302 is used to capture horizontal speckle fields at multiple different model box depths.

[0139] S315: After all horizontal speckle field captures are completed, the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302 are turned off;

[0140] S316: Continue excavating the tunnel model 17. After each excavation reaches a certain depth, repeat the above steps S308 to S315.

[0141] S317: Tunnel model 17 is excavated to the final position, and the test ends.

[0142] In this example, before loading, it is necessary to adjust the angle between the first curved slide rail 101 and the second curved slide rail 102 and the curved slide rail support 6 to ensure that the front top laser 201 and the front bottom laser 202 and the side laser 204 on the curved slide rail 1 are respectively perpendicular or parallel to the oblique tunnel excavation direction.

[0143] Example 4:

[0144] A multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail is used for single pile penetration and horizontal bearing characteristic tests;

[0145] Single pile penetration and bearing characteristics test main reference Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 9 The test device mainly includes: a first arc slide rail, a laser 2, a camera 3, a fixed tray 4, a rotating shaft 5, a arc slide rail support 6, a slide rail 7, a model box bracket 8, an actuator bracket 9, an actuator 10, a pile group model 11, a model box 12, a horizontal load bracket 13, a single pile model 14, and transparent soil 15.

[0146] S401: Setting up the test device, the model box bracket 8 and the actuator bracket 9;

[0147] S402: Prepare transparent soil 15 and introduce it into the model box 12;

[0148] S403: Setting up the actuator 10 and connecting the monopile model 14, preparing for penetration;

[0149] S404: The actuator 10 is started, and the monopile model 14 stops at a certain depth;

[0150] S405: Turn on the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 to capture the front longitudinal speckle field;

[0151] S406: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the first curved slide rail 101, sliding the first curved slide rail 101 back and forth, switching to different positions to capture the frontal longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0152] S407: After the front longitudinal speckle field is captured, the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 are turned off;

[0153] S408: Turn on the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of the model.

[0154] S409: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the second curved slide rail 102, sliding the second curved slide rail 102 left and right, switching to different positions to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0155] S410: After completing the side longitudinal speckle field capture, the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 are turned off;

[0156] S411: Turn on the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302. Only one horizontal laser 203 is turned on for a single shot. The horizontal plane camera 302 is used to capture horizontal speckle fields of multiple model box depths at different depths.

[0157] S412: After all horizontal speckle field captures are completed, the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302 are turned off;

[0158] S413: Continue penetrating the single pile model, and repeat the above steps S405 to S412 each time a certain depth is reached;

[0159] S414: The monopile model is penetrated to the final target depth, and the actuator 10 is closed;

[0160] S415: Disassemble the actuator 10 and the actuator bracket 9;

[0161] S416: Install the horizontal load bracket 13 and set up the horizontal actuator 10;

[0162] S417: The horizontal actuator 10 applies a certain horizontal force;

[0163] S418: Perform the above steps S405 to S412 and apply a horizontal force of a certain load again.

[0164] S419: After the horizontal force of the actuator 10 causes damage to the single pile, the test ends.

[0165] Example 5:

[0166] A multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail and a method for using the same are applied to the bearing characteristics test of inclined pile groups;

[0167] The main reference for the inclined pile group bearing characteristics test Figure 4 and Figure 10 The test device mainly includes: arc slide 1, laser 2, camera 3, fixed tray 4, rotating shaft 5, arc slide support 6, slide 7, model box bracket 8, actuator bracket 9, actuator 10, pile group model 11, model box 12, horizontal load bracket 13, and transparent soil 15.

[0168] The test device mainly includes: an arc slide rail, a laser 2, a camera 3, a camera bracket, a round wheel rim handwheel, an arc slide rail support 6, a slide rail 7, a model box bracket 8, an actuator bracket 9, an actuator 10, a model box 12, a pulley 13, a weight 14, a horizontal load bracket 13, transparent soil 15, and an inclined pile group model 18.

[0169] S501: Setting up the test device, the model box bracket 8 and the actuator bracket 9;

[0170] S502: Prepare transparent soil 15 and introduce it into the model box 12;

[0171] S503: Filling transparent soil and pre-burying the inclined pile group to the predetermined position;

[0172] S504: Turn on the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 to capture the front longitudinal speckle field;

[0173] S505: pushing the transverse slide rail 702 of the first curved slide rail 101, sliding the first curved slide rail 101 back and forth, switching to different positions to capture the front longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0174] S506: After completing the front longitudinal speckle field capture, the front top laser 201, the front bottom laser 202 and the front camera 301 are turned off;

[0175] S507: Turn on the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of the model.

[0176] S508: Push the transverse slide rail 702 of the second curved slide rail 102 to slide the second curved slide rail 102 left and right, switch to different positions to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed;

[0177] S509: After completing the side longitudinal speckle field capture, the side laser 204 and the side camera 303 are turned off;

[0178] S510: Turn on the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302. Only one horizontal laser 203 is turned on for a single shot. The horizontal plane camera 302 is used to capture horizontal speckle fields of multiple model box depths at different depths.

[0179] S511: After all horizontal speckle field captures are completed, the horizontal laser 203 and the horizontal plane camera 302 are turned off;

[0180] S512: Install the horizontal load support 13 and the horizontal actuator 10;

[0181] S513: Start the actuator 10 to apply a horizontal force of a certain load to the pile group model 11;

[0182] S514: Repeat the above steps S504 to S511 to apply a horizontal force of a certain load again;

[0183] S515: After the horizontal force of the actuator 10 causes damage to the pile group, the test ends.

[0184] In this example, the laser angle needs to be adjusted before loading, especially the front bottom laser 202, so that the angle between the front bottom laser 202 and the plumb line and the vertical angle of the inclined pile group are consistent, ensuring that there is no blind spot in the inclined pile group model 16.

[0185] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail, characterized in that: It includes an arc-shaped slide rail support, wherein both upper and lower end surfaces of the arc-shaped slide rail support are provided with transverse slide rails, the transverse slide rails are slidably connected to the slide rail bracket, the upper slide rail bracket is rotatably connected to the first arc-shaped slide rail, and the lower slide rail bracket is rotatably connected to the second arc-shaped slide rail; The first arc-shaped slide rail is connected to a side camera, a horizontal camera, a front top laser, a front bottom laser and a horizontal laser in a damped sliding manner; The second arc-shaped slide rail is connected to a front camera and a side laser in a damping sliding manner.

2. The multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rail bracket is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, and a fixed tray is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The upper fixed tray is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the bottom of the first arc-shaped slide rail, and the lower fixed tray is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the bottom of the second arc-shaped slide rail.

3. The multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal plane camera is arranged above the bottom of the first arc-shaped slide rail, and the front bottom laser is arranged on one side of the horizontal plane camera and adjacent to the horizontal plane camera; There are two groups of front top lasers, one adjacent to each end of the first arc-shaped slide rail; The side camera and the horizontal laser are located between the horizontal plane camera and the front top laser and are away from each other, as described.

4. The multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front top laser, the front bottom laser, the horizontal laser, the side laser, the front camera, the horizontal camera and the side camera are all provided with sliding components; The sliding assembly includes a slider and a clamp. The slider is slidably connected to the slider groove of the first arc-shaped slide rail or the second arc-shaped slide rail. The slider is rotatably connected to the clamp through a slider shaft. The clamp is used to fix the laser or camera. A level bubble is provided on the clamp.

5. The multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped slide rail is also provided with a plurality of lasers for observing the positions of the horizontal surface speckle fields; the plurality of lasers are all matched with the bottom horizontal surface camera.

6. The multifunctional transparent soil testing device with an arc-shaped slide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a model box bracket, the bearing platform of the model box bracket is located above the arc-shaped slide rail support, and the bearing platform is a transparent structure for bearing the model box.

7. A multifunctional transparent soil testing method for an arc-shaped slide rail, characterized in that: A multifunctional transparent soil testing device using the arc-shaped slide rail according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: S1: Set up the test device and model box bracket; S2: Prepare transparent soil and introduce it into the model box; S3: Load the specimen model longitudinally into the model box; S4: Turn on the front top laser, the front bottom laser, and the front camera to capture the front longitudinal speckle field: push the transverse slide rail of the first arc slide rail, slide the first arc slide rail back and forth, switch to each predetermined position to capture the front longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed; after completing the front longitudinal speckle field capture, turn off the front top laser, the front bottom laser, and the front camera; S5: Turn on the side laser and side camera to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of the model: push the transverse slide of the second arc slide, slide the second arc slide left and right, switch to the predetermined position to capture the side longitudinal speckle field of other sections to be observed; S6: After completing the capture of the side longitudinal speckle field, turn off the side laser and side camera: turn on the horizontal laser and horizontal plane camera, only turn on one horizontal laser for a single shot, and use the horizontal plane camera to capture the horizontal speckle fields of multiple model boxes at different depths; after completing all horizontal speckle field captures, turn off the horizontal laser and horizontal plane camera; S7: Continue loading the model, detect different depth states each time, and repeat steps S4 to S6; S8: Load the model to the final target depth and stop longitudinal loading; S9: performing interval horizontal loading on the specimen model loaded to the final target depth, and repeating the operations of steps S4 to S6; S10: The test is terminated until the horizontal force causes damage to the specimen model.

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