Water pollution detection sampling device and method for small watershed

Abstract

The application relates to a water pollution detection sampling device and method for small watersheds, and belongs to the technical field of water pollution detection, and aims to solve the problem that the water pollution detection sampling device is easily washed away in flowing water in the prior art. The water pollution detection sampling device for small watersheds comprises a sampling shell, a sampler arranged in the sampling shell and a sampling valve, the inlet of the sampling valve is communicated with the outside of the sampling shell, and the outlet is communicated with the sampler; a stator is arranged below the sampling shell, and a float is arranged above the sampling shell; the float is connected with the sampling shell through a first connecting line; a pay-off mechanism is arranged on the stator, a second connecting line is connected with the pay-off mechanism, the second connecting line is connected with the bottom of the sampling shell, and the pay-off mechanism is used for paying off and winding the second connecting line. The application can be stably suspended in water flow.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of water pollution detection, and in particular relates to a water pollution detection sampling device and method for small watersheds. BACKGROUND

[0002] The Red River Basin is a typical international river basin, containing multiple typical small watersheds. The monitoring and regulation of agricultural non-point source pollution in the dry-hot valley terrain is a key problem in current ecological governance.

[0003] Traditional float-type monitoring devices rely on buoyancy to float on the water surface, and their working principle is based on a static water environment. However, due to the dry-hot valley terrain, rainfall is concentrated and runoff flow is fast in small watersheds. The float is easily displaced or even lost by water flow, and cannot be stably fixed at the monitoring point, making it difficult to meet the long-term and continuous monitoring needs in a flowing water environment. For example, during heavy rain runoff, the float may drift away from the preset monitoring area with the rapid flow, causing data collection to be interrupted or distorted, and it is often difficult to accurately control the water sample collection depth, so the test results of the obtained water sample often cannot accurately reflect the real-time migration process of non-point source pollutants in runoff.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to develop a water pollution detection sampling device that can adapt to a flowing water environment. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present application aim to provide a water pollution detection sampling device and method for small watersheds to solve at least one of the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is achieved as follows:

[0007] A water pollution detection sampling device for small watersheds, comprising:

[0008] a sampling shell;

[0009] a sampler arranged in the sampling shell;

[0010] a sampling valve arranged in the sampling shell for controlling the water sample outside the sampling shell to enter or not to enter the sampler; the inlet of the sampling valve is connected to the outside of the sampling shell, and the outlet is connected to the sampler;

[0011] a stator arranged below the sampling shell;

[0012] a float arranged above the sampling shell and connected to the sampling shell through a first connecting line; wherein the buoyancy of the float is greater than the weight of the sampling shell and the components in the sampling shell, and the weight of the stator is greater than the buoyancy of the float;

[0013] A wire unwinding mechanism is arranged on the stator, and a second connecting wire is connected to the wire unwinding mechanism and the bottom of the sampling shell.

[0014] Further, the wire unwinding mechanism comprises a wire unwinding motor and a winch, the winch is connected to the rotating shaft of the wire unwinding motor, one side of the stator facing the sampling shell is provided with a mounting groove, and the wire unwinding motor is mounted in the mounting groove.

[0015] Further, the four connected side walls of the sampling shell are provided with water inlets, the sampling shell is provided with a closed bin corresponding to the position of the water inlet, the middle part of the closed bin is provided with a through hole, the outer wall of the closed bin is provided with a bin opening in communication with the water inlet, and the sampling valve is arranged in the closed bin and in communication with the through hole in the middle part of the closed bin.

[0016] Further, the side wall of the closed bin is connected with the sampling shell, the closed bin is in the shape of a rectangular ring, and the water inlet is provided with a water-blocking filter screen.

[0017] Further, the water pollution detection sampling equipment for small watersheds further comprises:

[0018] A rotating column is arranged in the sampling shell.

[0019] A rotating table is sleeved on the side wall of the rotating column and is rotationally connected with the rotating column, and a plurality of the samplers are arranged on the table top of the rotating table in the form of an annular array.

[0020] A rotating motor is arranged below the rotating table and is drivingly connected with the rotating table, and is used for driving the rotating table to rotate.

[0021] A docking motor is connected to the side wall of the rotating column and corresponds to the position of the sampling valve.

[0022] A position detection sensor is arranged on the rotating column and is used for determining whether the sampler is in place.

[0023] Further, the sampler comprises a container and a rubber stick, both ends of the container are provided with through holes, the rubber stick is movably arranged in the through holes at both ends of the container, the frictional force of the rubber stick penetrating the through hole at any one end of the container is greater than the force for driving the container to move on the rotating table, and the driving end of the docking motor can abut to the end of the rubber stick and drive the rubber stick to move.

[0024] Further, a guide ring is arranged in the container, and the rubber stick is arranged in the guide ring.

[0025] Further, the water pollution detection sampling device for small watersheds further comprises:

[0026] An exposed bin is arranged at the top of the sampling shell;

[0027] A plurality of suspension balls are arranged in a ring array in the exposed bin, and the top of the suspension ball is connected to a third connecting line;

[0028] A plurality of isolation bins are stacked in the sampling shell and located above the rotating table, and the top and bottom surfaces of the isolation bin are provided with rising holes corresponding to the position of the sampler; a closing valve is arranged at each of the two rising holes;

[0029] A fourth connecting line is connected to the bottom of the suspension ball at one end and connected to the sampler at the other end through a plurality of rising holes, and the closing valve can clamp the fourth connecting line when the rising hole is closed.

[0030] Further, one end of the third connecting line is connected with a fish tail ring, and the fish tail ring is sleeved on the first connecting line;

[0031] Further, the sampling valve comprises at least four, and the isolation bin is provided with a water pump.

[0032] Further, the closing valve comprises a closing channel, two closing motors and two closing rubber strips, the closing motor is connected to the inner wall of the isolation bin, the closing rubber strip is drivingly connected with the closing motor, the two closing motors are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the rising hole, the two closing rubber strips can close the rising hole and clamp the fourth connecting line when abutting, the closing channel is arranged between the two rising holes of the isolation bin and has a gap with the upper and lower walls of the isolation bin, and the closing rubber strip abuts against the closing channel.

[0033] Further, the closing channel is connected in the isolation bin through a support, and the side wall of the closing channel is a filter screen structure.

[0034] Further, it further comprises a blower arranged in the isolation bin, and the air outlet of the air duct connected with the blower is opposite to the closing channel.

[0035] Further, the sampler is further provided with a guide sleeve connected to the rotating table, the guide sleeve has an opening towards the first surface of the rotating column, the second surface of the guide sleeve is open, two elastic strips are arranged on the two side edges of the second surface of the guide sleeve, the elastic strips are connected to the side wall of the guide sleeve and extend along the height direction of the guide sleeve, the elastic strips always abut against the sampler when the sampler moves out of the second surface of the guide sleeve, and the top end of the guide sleeve abuts against the isolation bin.

[0036] In another aspect, the application further provides a water pollution detection sampling method for small watersheds, which uses the water pollution detection sampling device for small watersheds.

[0037] The stator, the sampling shell and the float are thrown into the bottom of the target water area, and the stator is stably fixed to the bottom of the water;

[0038] The length of the second connecting line is adjusted by the wire releasing mechanism, so that the sampling shell reaches the predetermined sampling depth;

[0039] The sampling valve is opened, and the water sample flows into the sampler through the sampling valve;

[0040] After sampling is completed, the sampling valve is closed to cut off the water flow.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the water pollution detection sampling device and method for small watersheds provided by the application, during detection, first, the stator is put into a predetermined flowing water area, the stator is accompanied by the sampling shell to sink into the water, after the stator reaches the water bottom, due to the buoyancy of the float being greater than the weight of the sampling shell and the components in the sampling shell, the float drives the sampling shell and the internal structure of the sampling shell to float in the water, and the weight of the stator is greater than the buoyancy of the float, so that the stator remains fixed and remains in a fixed state on the water bottom, which makes the stator be located on the water bottom and the sampling shell be in the water layer, and the float float in the water layer. As described above, the application can sample according to a pre-set water depth layer, and the water layer position of the sampling shell is the water layer position of sampling. During sampling, by controlling the opening and closing of the sampling valve, the water sample in the water layer enters the sampler, and sampling is completed. By setting the pay-off mechanism, the length of the second connecting line between the sampling shell and the stator can be controlled, and the length of the second connecting line between the sampling shell and the stator is increased or decreased, due to the float floating in the water layer, the float drives the sampling shell to continue to rise in height, or the sampling shell is lowered in height under the pulling of the second connecting line, so that the sampling depth adjustment is realized. Through the structure of the float and the stator, the “pulling up and pulling down” bidirectional fixing effect is formed, the sampling shell is stably suspended in the water flow, the displacement or loss problem of the traditional float device caused by water flow impact is solved, and it is ensured that the device can still be fixed at the monitoring point under extreme working conditions such as storm runoff. The pay-off mechanism can actively control the length of the second connecting line, the sampling shell is moved by the buoyancy of the float, the sampling position of different water layers (such as surface layer, middle layer and bottom layer) is accurately set, the monitoring demand of the small watershed water level rapid change (such as water level sudden rise during storm) is adapted, and the sampling depth deviation caused by water level fluctuation of the traditional device is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the water pollution detection sampling device for small watersheds provided by the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 The overall structure schematic diagram of the water pollution detection sampling device for small watersheds provided by the present application; Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of the A area in the middle;

[0045] Figure 3 The internal structure schematic diagram of the sampling shell of the water pollution detection sampling device provided by the present application;

[0046] Figure 4Isolation warehouse structure schematic view of water pollution detection sampling equipment provided by the present application

[0047] Figure 5 Exposed warehouse top structure schematic view of water pollution detection sampling equipment provided by the present application

[0048] Figure 6 Isolation warehouse internal structure and closed warehouse structure schematic view of water pollution detection sampling equipment provided by the present application

[0049] Figure 7 Provided by the present application Figure 6 Enlarged structure schematic view of B area

[0050] Figure 8 Structure schematic view of rotating table and sampler of water pollution detection sampling equipment provided by the present application

[0051] Figure 9 Structure schematic view of sampler of water pollution detection sampling equipment provided by the present application

[0052] Reference signs:

[0053] 10, sampling shell; 101, water inlet; 11, sampling valve; 12, closed warehouse; 121, warehouse mouth; 13, water-blocking filter screen;

[0054] 20, sampler; 201, container; 202, rubber stick;

[0055] 30, wire paying-off mechanism; 301, mounting groove; 302, capstan;

[0056] 40, rotating table; 41, rotating column; 43, rotating motor; 44, butt joint motor;

[0057] 50, exposed warehouse; 51, suspended ball; 52, eight-character ring; 53, isolation warehouse; 54, ascending hole; 55, water pump;

[0058] 60, closed valve; 601, closed passage; 602, closed motor; 603, closed rubber strip;

[0059] 70, stator; 71, float; 72, first connecting line; 73, second connecting line; 74, third connecting line; 75, fourth connecting line;

[0060] 80, guide sleeve; 81, elastic strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] To make the purposes, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. It should be explained that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and the features in the embodiments in the present disclosure can be combined, separated, interchanged, and / or rearranged. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0062] In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of parts can be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. When the exemplary embodiments can be carried out in different sequences, a specific process sequence can be performed in an order different from the described order. For example, two consecutively described processes can be performed substantially simultaneously or in an order opposite to the described order. In addition, the same reference numerals represent the same parts.

[0063] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms "including" and / or "containing" and variations thereof are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising." It is also noted that, as used herein, the terms "substantially," "approximately," and other similar terms are used as synonyms for "about," and are employed to account for inherent variations in measuring, calculating, and / or providing a value or quantity.

[0064] One specific embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figures 1 to 9As shown, a water pollution detection sampling device for small watershed is disclosed, comprising: a sampling shell 10, a sampler 20, a sampling valve 11, a float 71, a stator 70 and a pay-off mechanism 30; the sampler 20 is arranged in the sampling shell 10; the sampling valve 11 has an inlet communicating with the outside of the sampling shell 10 and an outlet communicating with the sampler 20, and is arranged in the sampling shell 10 to control the water sample outside the sampling shell 10 to enter or not enter the sampler 20; the stator 70 is arranged below the sampling shell 10; the float 71 is arranged above the sampling shell 10 and is connected with the sampling shell 10 through a first connecting line 72, the buoyancy of the float 71 is greater than the weight of the sampling shell 10 and the components in the sampling shell 10, and the weight of the stator 70 is greater than the buoyancy of the float 71; the pay-off mechanism 30 is arranged on the stator 70, and a second connecting line 73 is connected with the pay-off mechanism 30 and the bottom of the sampling shell 10, and the pay-off mechanism 30 is used for paying off and winding the second connecting line 73, that is, the pay-off mechanism 30 is used for increasing or decreasing the length of the second connecting line 73.

[0065] In this embodiment, the sampling shell 10 is a rectangular box structure, and the sampler 20 and the sampling valve 11 can be realized by using the mature structure in the prior art. For example, the structure of the sampling valve 11 comprises a valve body, a valve flap, a driving motor and a sealing structure, after receiving a sampling signal, the driving motor drives the valve flap away from the valve seat to form a water flow channel, and the water flows into the sampler 20 through the valve body to complete the water sample collection. After sampling is completed, the driving motor is reset, the valve flap is attached to the valve seat under the action of spring force or electromagnetic force, the water flow is cut off to prevent backflow of water or entry of external impurities into the sampler 20. The sampler 20 in this embodiment can be directly or indirectly connected with the sampling valve 11.

[0066] In implementation, first, the stator 70 is put into a predetermined water area, and the stator 70 sinks into the water together with the sampling shell 10. When the stator 70 reaches the bottom of the water, the buoyancy of the float 71 is greater than the total weight of the sampling shell 10 and other components in the sampling shell 10, so that the float 71 drives the sampling shell 10 and the internal structure of the sampling shell 10 to float in the water, and the weight of the stator 70 is greater than the buoyancy of the float 71, so that the stator 70 remains fixed and remains in a fixed state at the bottom of the water, which makes the stator 70 located at the bottom of the water, the sampling shell 10 located in the water layer, and the float 71 floating in the water layer. In summary, the water pollution detection sampling equipment provided in the embodiment can sample according to a pre-set water depth layer, and the water layer position of the sampling shell 10 is the sampling water layer position. During sampling, the opening and closing of the sampling valve 11 is controlled, so that the water sample in the water layer enters the sampler 20, and sampling is completed. The length of the second connecting line 73 between the sampling shell 10 and the stator 70 can be controlled through the setting of the pay-off mechanism 30. The length of the second connecting line 73 between the sampling shell 10 and the stator 70 increases or decreases, and due to the fact that the float 71 floats in the water layer, the float 71 drives the sampling shell 10 to continue to rise in height, or the sampling shell 10 descends in height under the pulling of the second connecting line 73, so as to realize the adjustment of the sampling depth. Through the structure of the float 71 and the stator 70, the bidirectional fixing effect of “pulling up and pulling down” is formed, so that the sampling shell 10 stably suspends in the water flow, and the problem of deviation or loss of the sampling depth caused by the impact of the water flow on the traditional float equipment is solved, and it is ensured that the equipment can still be fixed at the monitoring point under extreme working conditions such as storm runoff. The pay-off mechanism 30 can actively control the length of the second connecting line 73, the sampling shell 10 is moved by the buoyancy of the float 71, the sampling position of different water layers (such as the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer) is accurately set, the monitoring demand of the rapid change of the water level of a small watershed (such as the sudden rise of the water level during the storm period) is adapted, the sampling depth deviation caused by the water level fluctuation of the traditional equipment is avoided, and the interruption of the water pollution detection data of different water depths is caused. It should be noted that the first connecting line 72 of the float 71 and the sampling shell 10 of the present application is relatively short, and does not exceed one meter, which makes the buoyancy of the float 71 better act on the sampling shell 10 in different water layers. If it is needed to place the sampling shell 10 near the water surface, the length of the first connecting line 72 can be shortened. The first connecting line 72 can be a carbon wire or a pe wire.

[0067] In some optional embodiments, the pay-off mechanism 30 includes a pay-off motor and a winch 302 connected to the rotating shaft of the pay-off motor. One side of the stator 70 facing the sampling shell 10 is provided with a mounting groove 301, and the pay-off motor is mounted in the mounting groove 301.

[0068] In one of the optional embodiments, the pay-off mechanism 30 comprises a pay-off motor and a capstan 302 mounted on the rotating shaft of the pay-off motor, and the stator 70 is provided with a mounting groove 301 on the side facing the sampling housing 10, and the pay-off motor is fixed in the mounting groove 301. The capstan 302 is driven to rotate forward or reverse by the motor, so as to wind or release the second connecting wire 73, thereby adjusting the vertical distance between the sampling housing 10 and the stator 70. The pay-off motor is built in the mounting groove 301 of the stator 70, which reduces the direct impact and corrosion of water flow and sediment on the motor, prolongs the service life of the equipment, and adapts to long-term operation in complex water environment in the wild. The pay-off mechanism 30 is provided with a waterproof structure, for example, the pay-off motor adopts a waterproof motor.

[0069] In some optional embodiments, the four connected side walls of the sampling housing 10 are provided with water inlets 101, and the sampling housing 10 is provided with a closed bin 12 at the position corresponding to the water inlet 101. The side wall of the closed bin 12 is connected with the sampling housing 10, the closed bin 12 has a rectangular ring structure, the middle part of the closed bin 12 has a through hole, the outer wall of the closed bin 12 is provided with a bin opening 121, the bin opening 121 is communicated with the water inlet 101, the water inlet 101 is provided with a water-blocking filter screen 13, and the sampling valve 11 is arranged in the closed bin 12 and communicated with the through hole in the middle part of the closed bin 12.

[0070] In one of the optional embodiments, the four side walls of the sampling housing 10 are provided with water inlets 101, and the water inlets 101 are provided with water-blocking filter screens 13 which can filter large-particle impurities such as sediment and dry branches. The water inlets 101 are connected with the closed bins 12, the bin openings 121 are communicated with the water inlets 101, the sampling valves 11 are installed in the closed bins 12, the inlets of the sampling valves 11 are communicated with the outside water flow through the bin openings 121, and the outlets of the sampling valves 11 are communicated with the samplers 20. When the sampling valves 11 are opened, the water flows into the closed bins 12 after being filtered by the filter screens, and then flows into the samplers 20 through the valves; when the sampling valves 11 are closed, the water flow is cut off. The outlet of the sampling valve 11 extends to the internal space of the sampling housing 10 through the side wall of the closed bin 12.

[0071] By providing the water-blocking filter screen 13, the water flow rate in the closed bin 12 can be slowed down after the water flow enters the closed bin 12, so that the flowing water can fill the closed bin 12, and the water can more easily enter the sampling valve 11. Since the sampling housing 10 will be impacted and rotated in the flowing water, the sampling valve 11 will not be in a fixed position relative to the flowing water, which makes the water flow into the sampling valve 11 unstable. Therefore, the water-blocking filter screen 13 can produce good effects and make the water flow into the sampling valve 11 stable.

[0072] In some optional embodiments, the water pollution detection sampling device further comprises a rotating table 40, a rotating column 41, a rotating motor 43, a docking motor 44 and a position detection sensor; the rotating column 41 is arranged in the sampling shell 10; the rotating table 40 is sleeved on the side wall of the rotating column 41 and is rotationally connected with the rotating column 41, and the rotating table 40 has a spacing with the sampling valve 11; the rotating motor 43 is arranged below the rotating table 40 and is drivingly connected with the rotating table 40, and is used for driving the rotating table 40 to rotate; the docking motor 44 is connected on the side wall of the rotating column 41 and corresponds to the position of the sampling valve 11; wherein the sampler 20 comprises a plurality of samplers 20, which are arranged in a ring array on the table surface of the rotating table 40; the sampler 20 comprises a container 201 and a rubber stick 202; both ends of the container 201 are provided with through holes; the rubber stick 202 is movably arranged in the through holes at both ends of the container 201; the frictional force of the rubber stick 202 penetrating the through hole at either end of the container 201 is greater than the force for pushing the container 201 to move on the rotating table 40; the driving end of the docking motor 44 can abut to the end of the rubber stick 202 and drive the rubber stick 202 to move; the position detection sensor is arranged on the rotating column 41 and is used for determining whether the sampler 20 is in place.

[0073] The rotating column 41 is arranged in the sampling shell 10; the rotating table 40 is sleeved on the rotating column 41 and is rotatable; and the plurality of samplers 20 are arranged in a ring array on the table surface of the rotating table 40. The rotating motor 43 drives the rotating table 40 to rotate, so that different samplers 20 are sequentially aligned with the sampling valve 11; after the position detection sensor confirms the position of the sampler 20, the docking motor 44 pushes the rubber stick 202 of the sampler 20; because the frictional force of the rubber stick 202 penetrating the through hole at either end of the container 201 is greater than the force for pushing the container 201 to move on the rotating table 40, the driving end of the docking motor 44 abuts to the end of the rubber stick 202 and drives the rubber stick 202 to move, so that the container 201 moves to the valve outlet to receive the water sample; at this time, the container 201 abuts to the sampling valve 11 and keeps the sealing property. After receiving the water sample, the docking motor 44 continuously drives the rubber stick 202 to move, so that the rubber stick 202 penetrates the through holes at both ends of the container 201, and the container 201 forms a seal. After sealing, the rotating motor 43 drives the rotating table 40 to rotate, so that the next sampler 20 is aligned with the sampling valve 11. Because the rotating table 40 has a spacing with the sampling valve 11, the water sample overflowing from the container 201 when the rubber stick 202 penetrates can flow to the lower side of the rotating table 40 under other conditions, is kept, is pumped out of the sampling shell 10 by the water pump 55 arranged, and the rotating table 40 is kept clean. In this embodiment, the rotating motor 43 drives the rotating table 40 to rotate through a gear structure. The position detection sensor comprises a laser ranging sensor or a light coupling transmission sensor.

[0074] Further, a guide ring is arranged in the container 201, and the rubber stick 202 penetrates the guide ring.

[0075] In some optional embodiments, the water pollution detection sampling device further comprises an exposed bin 50, a plurality of floating balls 51, a plurality of isolation bins 53 and a fourth connecting line 75; the exposed bin 50 is arranged at the top of the sampling shell 10, and the top and bottom of the exposed bin 50 are both open; the plurality of floating balls 51 are arranged in an annular array in the exposed bin 50, the top of the floating ball 51 is connected to the third connecting line 74, one end of the third connecting line 74 is connected to the fish tail 52, and the fish tail 52 is sleeved on the first connecting line 72; the plurality of isolation bins 53 are stacked together in sequence, the isolation bin 53 is arranged in the sampling shell 10 and located above the rotating table 40, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the isolation bin 53 are provided with the rising holes 54 corresponding to the positions of the samplers 20; two closed valves 60 are arranged in the isolation bin 53 and located at the two rising holes 54 in the isolation bin 53; one end of the fourth connecting line 75 is connected to the bottom of the floating ball 51, and the other end is connected to the sampler 20 through the rising holes 54 of the plurality of isolation bins 53, and the closed valve 60 can clamp the fourth connecting line 75 when the rising hole 54 is closed. Further, the sampling valve 11 comprises at least four, and the water pump 55 is arranged in the isolation bin 53. The exposed bin 50 is separated by a plurality of perforated partitions, and the first connecting line 72 is connected to the center of the bottom of the exposed bin 50.

[0076] In this embodiment, one floating ball 51 is slidably connected to the first connecting line 72 through the third connecting line 74, the bottom of the floating ball 51 is connected to one sampler 20 through the fourth connecting line 75, and the buoyancy of the floating ball 51 can drive the sampler 20 to float upwards along the first connecting line 72. The above structure in this embodiment is arranged for the case that the sampling device needs to be in a certain water layer for a long time and each sampler 20 needs to be extracted and detected, at this time, the length of the first connecting line 72 can be set to be relatively long, for example, greater than one meter, while ensuring that the float 71 is always on the water surface. In this way, the water quality of each sampling can be observed and obtained quickly without waiting for all the samplers 20 to complete sampling before detecting all of them, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0077] When one sampler 20 completes sampling, the closed valve 60 is controlled to release the fourth connecting line 75 connected to the corresponding sampler 20, the floating ball 51 has buoyancy since it is always in water, the floating ball 51 drives the sampler 20 to rise, passes through the rising holes 54 of the plurality of isolation bins 53, and then leaves the sampling shell 10, the floating ball 51 is guided by the first connecting line 72 to rise to the position of the float 71, and the staff can easily take the sampler 20 by boat to the position of the float 71. When taking, the fourth connecting line 75 and the third connecting line 74 on the sampler 20 can be cut off.

[0078] In this embodiment, the isolation bin 53 functions to slow down the water flow into the rotating table 40. The closed valve 60 is provided to be able to extrude and fix the fourth connecting line 75, so as to ensure that the sampler 20 is not affected by the buoyancy of the floating ball 51 and remains on the table top of the rotating table 40. When the fourth connecting line 75 is provided, sufficient length needs to be reserved to ensure that the sampler 20 is not affected when rotating. At the same time, a plurality of sampling valves 11 are provided and uniformly distributed around the rotating table 40. After such arrangement, only one sampling valve 11 needs to be corresponded to several samplers 20 close to each other for sampling, so as to avoid large-scale rotation of the rotating table 40 and reduce the influence of the fourth connecting line 75 on the sampler 20. For example, the No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 samplers 20 are only sampled at the No. 1 sampling valve 11, and the No. 4, No. 5 and No. 6 samplers 20 are only sampled at the No. 2 sampling valve 11.

[0079] In this embodiment, the isolation bin 53 includes three isolation bins. Since the fourth connecting line 75 is thin, only a slight gap of the closed valve 60 needs to be opened to ensure that the fourth connecting line 75 passes through when the floating ball 51 rises. When the floating ball 51 rises, the closed valves 60 of the three isolation bins 53 are all opened with a slight gap. When the sampler 20 reaches the lowermost isolation bin 53, the infrared distance sensor arranged detects that the sampler 20 reaches the rising hole 54, the opening range of the closed valve 60 is increased to ensure that the sampler 20 passes through, and the closed valve 60 is closed after the sampler 20 passes through. After the infrared distance sensor arranged in the middle isolation bin 53 detects the sampler 20, the opening range of the closed valve 60 of the middle isolation bin 53 is increased to enable the sampler 20 to pass through. By analogy, until the sampler 20 leaves the uppermost isolation bin 53, all the closed valves 60 are in a closed state. The amount of water entering the sampling shell 10 is reduced. At the same time, the water pump 55 arranged in the isolation bin 53 is opened in time to pump out the water.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, the closed valve 60 includes a closed channel 601, two closed motors 602 and two closed rubber strips 603. The closed motor 602 is connected to the inner wall of the isolation bin 53, the closed rubber strip 603 is drivingly connected with the closed motor 602, the two closed motors 602 are arranged on opposite sides of the rising hole 54, and the two closed rubber strips 603 abut to close the rising hole 54 and clamp the fourth connecting line 75. The closed channel 601 is arranged between the two rising holes 54 of the isolation bin 53 and is spaced apart from the upper and lower walls of the isolation bin 53. The closed rubber strip 603 abuts against the closed channel 601. The closed channel 601 is connected to the isolation bin 53 through a support. The side wall of the closed channel 601 is a filter screen structure.

[0081] When the closing motor 602 starts, the driving closing rubber strips 603 move to the center of the rising hole 54 until the two rubber strips abut, at which time the rising hole 54 is closed, and the fourth connecting line 75 is clamped and fixed; when it is necessary to release the sampler 20, the closing motor 602 reversely drives the rubber strips to separate, the rising hole 54 is opened, and the fourth connecting line 75 can pass freely. The closing motor 602 continues to reversely drive the rubber strips to move, the opening range of the rising hole 54 increases, so that the sampler 20 can pass. The setting of the closing rubber strips 603 can ensure the sealing while clamping and fixing the fourth connecting line 75, and the closing rubber strips 603 are made of rubber material with good elasticity. When the two closing rubber strips 603 move to the center of the rising hole 54 and abut under the driving of the closing motor 602, they tightly wrap the fourth connecting line 75. The closing rubber strips 603 are in close contact with the connecting line, a sealing structure is formed, and water flow is prevented from passing through the gap. The setting of the closing channel 601 has the effect of guiding the sampler 20, and can also enable water to pass through the closing channel 601 into the isolation bin 53, avoiding the water from entering the next layer of the closing channel 601.

[0082] In some optional embodiments, the water pollution detection sampling device further comprises a blower arranged in the isolation bin 53, and an air outlet of an air duct connected to the blower is opposite to the closing channel 601.

[0083] Specifically, the blower is arranged in the isolation bin 53, and an air outlet of an air duct connected to the blower is opposite to the closing channel 601. During the opening of the closing valve 60, the blower is started to spray air flow to the closing channel 601 through the air duct. The high-speed air flow passes through the closing channel 601, blows the water flow passing through the closing channel 601 from top to bottom to the side wall of the closing channel 601 and finally into the isolation bin 53 outside the closing channel 601, avoiding the water flow from flowing into the next layer of the isolation bin 53.

[0084] Further, a wind speed sensor and a flow regulating valve are additionally arranged in the air duct to dynamically adjust the blower parameters according to the real-time water flow speed and pressure. For example, when the water flow speed is monitored to be greater than 2 m / s, the wind speed is automatically increased to 20 m / s to ensure effective interception of the air flow to the water flow; when the water flow slows down, the wind speed is reduced to save energy, and precise air flow control is realized.

[0085] In some optional embodiments, the blower is signal-linked with the closing valve 60, and in addition to being started when the closing valve 60 is opened, a pre-start function is set to start the blower 1 second before the closing valve 60 is opened to form an air flow barrier in advance; and the blower is stopped 2 seconds after the valve is closed to ensure that the residual water flow is completely dispersed.

[0086] In some optional embodiments, the sampler 20 is further provided with a guide sleeve 80 connected to the rotating table 40, the guide sleeve 80 has an opening on the first side of the rotating column 41, and the second side of the guide sleeve 80 is open, two elastic strips 81 are respectively arranged on the two side edges of the second side of the guide sleeve 80 and extend along the height direction of the guide sleeve 80, when the sampler 20 moves to the outside of the second side of the guide sleeve 80, the elastic strips 81 always abut against the sampler 20, and the top end of the guide sleeve 80 abuts against the isolation bin 53.

[0087] When the docking motor 44 drives the sampler 20 to move to the sampling valve 11, the elastic strips 81 always abut against the side of the sampler 20 with a certain pressure to provide lateral constraint for the sampler 20, after the sampling of the sampler 20 is completed, the docking motor 44 is reset, and the sampler 20 is reset under the driving of the elastic strips 81. This makes the initial position of the sampler 20 correspond to the position of the rising hole 54 after the sampling of the sampler 20 is completed, and the sampler 20 can be reset, which facilitates the upward movement of the sampler 20 through the rising hole 54; at the same time, the top end of the guide sleeve 80 closely abuts against the bottom surface of the isolation bin 53 to form mechanical limiting, which ensures that the sampler 20 is accurately aligned with the rising hole 54 in a straight line during movement. On the other hand, the sampler 20 is facilitated to be aligned with the sampling valve 11.

[0088] The application also provides a water pollution detection sampling method for a small watershed, which uses the water pollution detection sampling device for a small watershed.

[0089] The stator 70, the sampling shell 10 and the float 71 are put into the bottom of the target water area, and the stator 70 is stably fixed to the bottom of the water;

[0090] The length of the second connecting line 73 is adjusted by the wire releasing mechanism 30 to make the sampling shell reach a predetermined sampling depth; for example, if the sampling depth needs to be increased, the second connecting line 73 is shortened, the stator 70 pulls the sampling shell 10 to sink, and if the sampling depth needs to be reduced, the second connecting line 73 is lengthened, and the float 71 drives the sampling shell 10 to rise;

[0091] The sampling valve 11 is opened, and the water sample flows into the sampler 20 through the sampling valve 11;

[0092] After the sampling is completed, the sampling valve 11 is closed to cut off the water flow.

[0093] Through the bidirectional anchoring structure of the stator 70 sinking fixation and the floater 71 suspension pulling, compared with the traditional single floater 71 type equipment, in the small watershed turbulent water flow, the equipment can be fixed. Even if it encounters extreme working conditions such as storm runoff, it can be stable at the monitoring point and avoid being washed away or displaced, ensuring uninterrupted data collection of water quality monitoring, and providing continuous and reliable data support for ecological management. The wire laying mechanism 30 realizes the depth adjustment of the sampling shell 10. In view of the characteristics of the rapid change of the water level of the small watershed due to rainfall, evaporation and other factors, the sampling depth can be adjusted in real time to ensure that the water sample collection is always in the required water layer of water quality monitoring. Compared with the sampling deviation of the traditional equipment caused by water level fluctuation, the data effectiveness is improved, laying a foundation for accurate analysis of pollution migration law.

[0094] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water pollution detection sampling device for small watersheds, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of sampling device, including: Sampling shell; Sampler, it is in the sampling shell; Sampling valve, it is in the sampling shell, the import of the sampling valve is communicated with the outside of the sampling shell, and the export is communicated with the sampler; Stator, it is below the sampling shell; Float, it is above the sampling shell, and it is connected with the sampling shell by first connecting line; Wire unwinding mechanism, it is on the stator, second connecting line is connected on the wire unwinding mechanism, second connecting line is also connected with the bottom of the sampling shell, and the wire unwinding mechanism is used for the wire unwinding and winding of second connecting line; Exposure warehouse, it is on the top of the sampling shell; Multiple suspension balls, in the form of annular array, are arranged in the exposure warehouse, and the top of the suspension ball is connected with third connecting line; Multiple isolation warehouses, stacked in the sampling shell, and located above the rotating table, the top surface and the bottom surface of the isolation warehouse are provided with rising holes corresponding to the position of the sampler;Two rising holes are each provided with a closing valve; Fourth connecting line, one end is connected to the bottom of the suspension ball, and the other end is connected to the sampler by penetrating multiple rising holes, and the fourth connecting line can be clamped when the closing valve closes the rising hole; Wherein, the closing valve includes a closing channel, two closing motors and two closing rubber strips, the closing motor is connected to the inner wall of the isolation warehouse, the closing rubber strip is drivenly connected with the closing motor, the two closing motors are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the rising hole, and the two closing rubber strips can close the rising hole and clamp the fourth connecting line when abutting, the closing channel is arranged between the two rising holes of the isolation warehouse, and is spaced from the upper and lower walls of the isolation warehouse, and the closing rubber strip is in contact with the closing channel.

2. The water pollution detection sampling apparatus for small watersheds according to claim 1, characterized by, The wire unwinding mechanism includes a wire unwinding motor and a winch, the winch is connected to the rotating shaft of the wire unwinding motor, one side of the stator facing the sampling shell is provided with a mounting groove, and the wire unwinding motor is mounted in the mounting groove.

3. The water pollution detection sampling apparatus for small watersheds according to claim 1, wherein The sampling shell is provided with a water inlet on each of the four connected side walls, the sampling shell is provided with a closing warehouse at a position corresponding to the water inlet, the closing warehouse has a through hole in the middle, the outer wall of the closing warehouse is provided with a warehouse opening communicated with the water inlet, the sampling valve is arranged in the closing warehouse, and the sampling valve is communicated with the through hole in the middle of the closing warehouse.

4. The water pollution detection sampling apparatus for small watersheds according to claim 1, wherein Further including: Rotating column, it is in the sampling shell; Rotating table, it is sleeved on the side wall of the rotating column, and is rotationally connected with the rotating column; Multiple samplers are arranged in the form of annular array on the table top of the rotating table; Rotating motor, it is below the rotating table, and is drivingly connected with the rotating table, for driving the rotating table to rotate; Butting motor, it is connected to the side wall of the rotating column, and corresponds to the position of the sampling valve; In-place detection sensor, it is arranged on the rotating column, for determining whether the sampler is in place.

5. The water pollution detection sampling apparatus for small watersheds according to claim 4, wherein, The sampler comprises a container and a rubber stick, both ends of the container are provided with through holes, the rubber stick is movably arranged in the holes of both ends of the container; the driving end of the docking motor can abut to the end of the rubber stick and drive the rubber stick to move.

6. The water pollution detection sampling apparatus for small watersheds according to claim 4, wherein Further comprising a blower arranged in the isolation bin, the air outlet of the air duct connected with the blower is opposite to the closed channel.

7. The water pollution detection sampling apparatus for small watersheds according to claim 6, wherein Further comprising a guide sleeve connected to the rotating table, the first surface of the guide sleeve towards the rotating column is provided with an opening, the second surface of the guide sleeve opposite to the rotating column is open, both sides of the second surface of the guide sleeve are respectively provided with two elastic strips, the elastic strips are connected to the side wall of the guide sleeve and extend along the height direction of the guide sleeve, when the sampler moves to the outside of the second surface of the guide sleeve, the elastic strips always abut to the sampler, and the top end of the guide sleeve abuts to the isolation bin.

8. A method for detecting and sampling water pollution in a small watershed, characterized by, The sampling method using the water pollution detection sampling device for small watersheds according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: The stator, the sampling shell and the float are thrown into the bottom of the target water area, and the stator is stably fixed to the bottom of the water; The length of the second connecting line is adjusted by the wire releasing mechanism, so that the sampling shell reaches the predetermined sampling depth; The sampling valve is opened, and the water sample flows into the sampler through the sampling valve; After sampling is completed, the sampling valve is closed, and the water flow is cut off.

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