Method and device for determining connectivity of displacement zone of strike-slip fracture

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for determining the connectivity of a displacement zone of strike-slip fracture, and the method comprises the steps: simplifying the form of fracture in the displacement zone of strike-slip fracture, so as to generate a simplified result; determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fracture according to the R fracture in the displacement zone; and determining the connectivity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fracture according to the simplification result and the strike-slip direction. According to the method, whether a through fracture main displacement zone is formed or not is judged by counting the standard deviation of the data of the included angle between the fracture in the fracture zone and the strike-slip direction, so that the structural style of the strike-slip fracture is accurately known, and support is provided for structural analysis and oil-gas exploration of a strike-slip structural domain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field seismic exploration, in particular to the technical field of structural geology, and specifically to a method and device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault. Background Art

[0002] The strike-slip tectonic belt has shown great value for oil and gas exploration. The main displacement zone is the interface between the left and right sides of the strike-slip fault. Whether the main displacement zone is connected is a key stage in the evolution of the strike-slip fault zone. It is also related to whether the strike-slip fault zone can effectively form an oil and gas transmission channel or whether its left and right sides can achieve fault-stratigraphic closure, thereby forming the conditions for oil and gas structural closure.

[0003] Patent application number CN201910148403.3 proposes a method that identifies the topological structure of fault zones, establishes a topological model of nodes and fault segments within the fault network, determines node types based on the interlacing and truncation relationships of the faults, and then uses the node types to identify nodes representing fault connectivity. The method proposed in patent application number CN202110336191.9 uses 3D seismic data interpretation and mechanical property analysis of regional well cores to establish a 3D stress field model that incorporates geomechanical structures, and calculates the degree of fracture connectivity through simulation. Both methods directly address the connectivity of strike-slip faults.

[0004] The penetration of the main displacement zone of a strike-slip fault is the result of the relative displacement activity of the left and right plates of the strike-slip fault. Therefore, the study of the displacement of the strike-slip fault can also provide a basis for judging whether the main displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is penetrated. Based on this, the patent with application number CN201810211634.X proposes a method based on three-dimensional geological structure analysis and volume balance as the main idea. By calculating the uplift of the uplifted section of the strike-slip fault as the volume increment, the horizontal sliding distance of the fault is calculated. The patent with application number CN202210396893.0 proposes a method of restoring the local erosion amount through seismic interpretation and seismic profile measurement and analysis, and then compiling a broken line graph of "original thickness of the target layer - distance from the end of one side of the survey line". The fault sliding direction is determined based on the broken line graph of each group of survey lines parallel to the strike-slip fault trend, and the strike-slip distance is estimated based on the position offset of the characteristic points of the formation thickness curve. For multi-period active faults, the patent application number CN201711340849.3 proposes a method based on the fault layered structure to calculate the overall deformation by the angle between the deformation of different layers of faults and the strike-slip direction.

[0005] Regarding the active intensity of faults, patent CN202111520362.X proposes to statistically analyze the width of the fracture zone of a strike-slip fault and the vertical deformation of the fault zone to obtain the vertical deformation height difference coefficient of the top surface along the fault zone, which is then used as a basis for judging the active intensity of the fault. However, the above method has the following shortcomings:

[0006] 1) The research method for fault connectivity cannot be separated from the support of 3D seismic data. It cannot be carried out in areas where there is no 3D seismic data and only partial fault plane images are available. The labor cost required is high and the technical requirements of the operators are also high.

[0007] 2) The research method for fault displacement requires the support of three-dimensional seismic data and other related auxiliary analysis technologies.

[0008] 3) Existing methods for analyzing fault activity intensity are primarily applied to the Ordovician carbonate strata of the Tarim Basin and lack universal applicability. Therefore, a relatively simple method with low data requirements is urgently needed to determine the connectivity of strike-slip main displacement zones. Summary of the Invention

[0009] One object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault. This method determines whether a continuous main displacement zone of the fault has been formed by statistically analyzing the standard deviation of the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction within the fault zone, thereby accurately understanding the structural style of the strike-slip fault and providing support for structural analysis and oil and gas exploration in the strike-slip tectonic domain.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault are implemented. Another object of the present invention is to provide a readable medium storing the computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault are implemented.

[0011] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology of this application, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, comprising:

[0013] Simplifying the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result;

[0014] Determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R rupture in the displacement zone;

[0015] The continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is simplified, including:

[0017] Connect the ends of breaks that do not intersect other breaks into line segments.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the strike direction of the fault changes, the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is simplified, including:

[0019] The line segment is segmented according to the number of times the fracture direction changes to generate a plurality of sub-line segments.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault further includes:

[0021] An angle between each line segment and each sub-line segment and the strike-slip direction is determined.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction includes:

[0023] Calculate the standard deviation of multiple angles;

[0024] The continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the standard deviation.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the standard deviation includes:

[0026] When the standard deviation is not less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is continuous;

[0027] When the standard deviation is less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is not continuous.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the R rupture in the displacement zone includes:

[0029] The strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the arrangement direction of multiple R fractures on the plane.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, the device comprising:

[0031] a fracture morphology simplification module, configured to simplify the fracture morphology within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result;

[0032] a strike-slip direction determination module, configured to determine the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the R rupture in the displacement zone;

[0033] A displacement zone continuity determination module is used to determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fracture morphology simplification module includes:

[0035] The line segment generating unit is used to connect the two ends of a fracture that does not intersect with other fractures into a line segment.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the fracture direction changes, the fracture morphology simplification module includes:

[0037] The sub-line segment generating unit is configured to segment the line segment according to the number of times the fracture direction changes, so as to generate a plurality of sub-line segments.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, a device for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault further includes:

[0039] The angle determination module is used to determine the angle between each line segment and each sub-line segment and the strike-slip direction.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the displacement band continuity determination module includes:

[0041] A standard deviation calculation unit, used to calculate the standard deviations of multiple angles;

[0042] A continuity determination unit is used to determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the standard deviation.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the continuity determination unit includes:

[0044] a displacement zone penetration judgment unit, configured to determine that the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is penetration when the standard deviation is not less than 12;

[0045] The displacement zone non-penetration judgment unit is used to determine that the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is non-penetrating when the standard deviation is less than 12.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sliding direction determination module includes:

[0047] The strike-slip direction determining unit is used to determine the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the arrangement direction of multiple R fractures on the plane.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault.

[0049] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, steps of a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault are implemented.

[0050] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault.

[0051] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a method and device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault. The corresponding method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault includes: first, simplifying the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result; then, determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R rupture within the displacement zone; finally, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault based on the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0052] The device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the corresponding strike-slip fault includes: a fault morphology simplification module, which is used to simplify the morphology of the fault in the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result; a strike-slip direction determination module, which is used to determine the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R rupture in the displacement zone; and a displacement zone continuity determination module, which is used to determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault based on the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0053] Whether the main displacement zone of a strike-slip tectonic belt is continuous is a key stage in the evolution of a strike-slip fault zone. Determining whether the fault zone is completely continuous is crucial for accurately identifying oil and gas accumulation conditions within the strike-slip tectonic domain. This paper provides a method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault. Based on planar image data of the strike-slip fault zone, this method calculates the standard deviation of the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction within the fault zone. The continuity of the main displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined based on the range of the standard deviation. This method facilitates rapid and accurate analysis of strike-slip fault structure and evolution in areas where seismic data is scarce. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 Another schematic flow chart of a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of step 300 of a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of step 302 of a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a method for determining the continuity of a main displacement zone of a strike-slip fault in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 The thought process of the method for judging the continuity of the main displacement zone of the strike-slip fault in the specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0061] Figure 7 A simplified diagram of the fracture morphology on the fracture plane image in a specific embodiment of the present invention

[0062] Figure 8 A planar image after drawing the strike-slip direction and the measured angle in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 9 It is a scatter plot of different displacements and standard deviations in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 10 is a block diagram of a device for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0068] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The embodiments in this application and the features described in the embodiments may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0069] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application comply with relevant laws and regulations.

[0070] In the prior art, those skilled in the art have provided a method for quantitatively analyzing the horizontal slip distance of underground strike-slip faults to address the technical problem of limitations in the application of horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults in the prior art. This method establishes a relationship between the horizontal slip distance of the fault and the uplift volume of the overlying uplift segment based on geometric and kinematic models of the strike-slip fault segment and the overlying uplift segment. This method then quantitatively calculates the horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault. Therefore, its application is not restricted in areas lacking obvious fault markers and / or where the overlying segment's mashi structure is unclear or difficult to define. This overcomes the limitations of traditional methods in practical applications and provides strong data support for the study of the active characteristics of strike-slip faults. Specifically, the method includes: establishing geometric and kinematic models of the overlying uplift segment based on the location of the overlying uplift; obtaining the uplift volume V of the overlying uplift segment based on stratigraphic data in the depth domain of the block; and obtaining the horizontal slip distance D of the fault based on the geometric and kinematic models.

[0071] Among them, obtaining the segmentation of strike-slip faults and the development location of superimposed uplifts includes the following steps: based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the block, obtaining the coherence attribute map and seismic profile corresponding to the main active layer of the fault; based on the coherence attribute map and seismic profile, finely interpreting the fault geometry and statistically analyzing the changes in the vertical fault throw along the fault; based on the changes in the vertical fault throw along the fault, determining the segmentation of strike-slip faults and the development location of superimposed uplifts.

[0072] As can be seen from the above, the aforementioned method for studying fault connectivity requires the support of 3D seismic data. It cannot be performed in areas where 3D seismic data is unavailable and only partial planar images of the fault are available. This method requires high labor costs and high technical skills from the operators. Furthermore, the method for studying fault displacement requires the support of 3D seismic data and other related auxiliary analysis techniques.

[0073] Example 1:

[0074] Based on the above reasons, the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation method of a method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, see Figure 1 , specifically including the following contents:

[0075] Step 100: simplifying the fault morphology within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result;

[0076] Step 200: determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the R rupture in the displacement zone;

[0077] Step 300: Determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault based on the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0078] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, including: first, simplifying the morphology of the faults within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result; then, determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R ruptures within the displacement zone; finally, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault based on the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0079] Whether the main displacement zone of a strike-slip tectonic belt is continuous is a key stage in the evolution of a strike-slip fault zone. Determining whether the fault zone is completely continuous is crucial for accurately identifying oil and gas accumulation conditions within the strike-slip tectonic domain. This paper provides a method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault. Based on planar image data of the strike-slip fault zone, this method calculates the standard deviation of the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction within the fault zone. The continuity of the main displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined based on the range of the standard deviation. This method facilitates rapid and accurate analysis of strike-slip fault structure and evolution in areas where seismic data is scarce.

[0080] Example 2:

[0081] Regarding step 100, a strike-slip fault refers to a fault caused by the horizontal displacement of crustal plates. The characteristic of this fault is that the rocks on both sides slide relative to each other on a nearly horizontal fault plane.

[0082] In the field of oil and gas field exploration, strike-slip faults have a significant impact on the formation and distribution of oil and gas reservoirs. Strike-slip faults can change the original position of rock layers, thereby affecting the sedimentary environment and the distribution of sediments. The following are some of the important roles of strike-slip faults in oil and gas field exploration:

[0083] Controls on sediment distribution: Strike-slip faults may form sediment traps, which may accumulate organic matter and, in turn, may form oil and gas reservoirs.

[0084] Impact on rock sealing: The connection between different rocks on the fault plane may form different permeability conditions, which is very important for whether oil and gas can be effectively sealed.

[0085] Formation of oil and gas migration pathways: Fault zones are often channels for oil and gas migration, and strike-slip faults may provide migration pathways for oil and gas from source rocks to reservoir rocks.

[0086] Formation of structural traps for oil and gas reservoirs: Fault activity can form structural traps, such as fault closures, compression folds alongside faults, etc., which may become good oil and gas reservoirs.

[0087] Impact on reservoir physical properties: Fault activity may cause the fragmentation of reservoir rocks, affecting their porosity and permeability, and thus affecting the quality of the reservoir.

[0088] Therefore, in oil and gas field exploration, the study of the continuity of strike-slip faults is not limited to identifying their existence, but also includes understanding their impact on the formation mechanism of oil and gas reservoirs, and the control of oil and gas migration, accumulation, and preservation conditions.

[0089] Regarding step 200, the evolution of a strike-slip fault zone includes the formation of a series of related structures, including R ruptures, R' ruptures, P ruptures, and T ruptures. Tectonophysics (2012) argues that the continuity of the main displacement zone in a strike-slip fault zone is formed by the development of low-angle faults parallel to the basement strike-slip faults at the endpoints of the R ruptures or their overlapping locations, superimposed by P ruptures, based on the initial formation of R ruptures. Petroleum Exploration and Development (2017.6) argues that the fracture zone, primarily composed of R ruptures, connects from segmented structures to a continuous strike-slip zone only after the development of Y shear faults. This understanding in existing literature is flawed, primarily due to the lack of objective parameters to characterize the continuity of the main displacement zone of a fault. Simple observation of planar fracture patterns cannot yield accurate and objective results.

[0090] A strike-slip fault zone, also known as a strike-slip fault zone or strike-slip zone, is a specific area of ​​rock on either side of a fault formed by shear displacement. This zone is typically composed of multiple parallel or nearly parallel small faults, rather than a single fault plane. The width of a strike-slip fault zone can range from a few meters to several kilometers, depending on the scale and history of the fault activity.

[0091] In strike-slip fault zones, rocks may undergo intense deformation due to fault activity, including crushing, crushing, and frictional melting. Due to these deformations, rocks within the fault zone typically have lower porosity and permeability, which may affect the migration and accumulation of oil and gas. In some cases, secondary pore structures, such as fractures, may form within the fault zone, which can provide additional oil and gas storage space and migration pathways. The role of strike-slip fault displacement zones in oil and gas field exploration includes:

[0092] Formation of oil and gas traps: The complex geological structure of the fault zone can form structural traps, which may store large amounts of oil and gas resources.

[0093] Control of oil and gas migration: Fractures and other secondary pore systems within strike-slip fault zones can serve as major pathways for oil and gas migration.

[0094] Impact on reservoir quality: Rocks near the fault zone may have increased fracture development due to stress concentration, which may lead to local improvement of reservoir properties.

[0095] In addition, in addition to determining the strike-slip direction of a strike-slip fault based on the R rupture within the displacement zone, the strike-slip direction of a strike-slip fault can also be determined by the following methods:

[0096] Look for outcrops of fault zones on the surface and observe the displacement relationship between the rocks on either side. By comparing the relative positions of rock layers or different landforms on either side of the fault, the direction of strike-slip can be inferred. The location of bends in the fault line, inflection points, or pinch-out points can also provide clues to the strike-slip direction.

[0097] Analyze the contrast between the rock layers on either side of the fault to identify possible mismatches due to relative horizontal displacement. Strike-slip faults often form specific sedimentary structures, such as pull-apart basins, whose morphology and location can provide information about the direction of the strike-slip fault.

[0098] Seismic profiles can reveal fault morphology and sedimentary deformation. By analyzing the displacement differences between the fault line and the strata on either side of the fault, the strike-slip direction of the fault can be inferred. Attribute analysis, such as the co-phase axis and curvature, can help determine fault activity and strike-slip direction.

[0099] In some rocks, shear stress caused by fault movement can induce specific mineral growth directions or rock deformation structures, and the orientation of these structures can indicate the strike-slip direction.

[0100] By analyzing topographic maps, satellite imagery, and terrain data, patterns in the impact of fault activity on the landscape can be identified, such as lines of lakes and shifts in rivers, which may indicate the direction of strike-slip.

[0101] The use of technologies such as the Global Positioning System and synthetic aperture radar interferometry can monitor the relative displacement direction and speed on both sides of the fault, providing direct evidence of the strike-slip direction.

[0102] Friction traces (such as scratches and fault mirrors) can often be observed on the fault surface, and their direction can indicate the strike-slip direction.

[0103] It should be pointed out that the above methods often need to be used in combination and verified with each other in order to accurately determine the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault.

[0104] Regarding step 300 , specifically, the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault can be determined by the angle between the line segment formed by the fault in the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0105] In some embodiments of the present invention, step 100 includes:

[0106] Connect the ends of breaks that do not intersect other breaks into line segments.

[0107] Specifically, on the plane data, the two endpoints of an independent fault that does not intersect or merge with other faults are connected, and the straight line formed represents the overall direction of the fault.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the fracture direction changes, step 100 includes:

[0109] The line segment is segmented according to the number of times the fracture direction changes to generate a plurality of sub-line segments.

[0110] For some fractures that extend for a long time and have a large bending amplitude, new endpoints can be selected at the location where the direction changes significantly, dividing the direction of a fracture into the directions of two line segments. More endpoints can also be designed according to the degree of bending of the fracture. The applicant has verified that this operation has little effect on the statistical results.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 , a method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, further comprising:

[0112] Step 400: Determine the angle between each line segment and each sub-line segment and the strike-slip direction.

[0113] Specifically, a line segment parallel to the strike-slip direction is drawn within the fault zone. The line segment's extension length is greater than the fault zone's length. Multiple line segments can be drawn to ensure that all faults within the fault zone intersect with the line segment representing the strike-slip direction. The angle between the line segment and the simplified line segment within the fault zone is calculated. It should be noted that the angle between the simplified line segment within each fault zone and the strike-slip direction is calculated only once.

[0114] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 3 , step 300 includes:

[0115] Step 301: Calculate the standard deviation of multiple angles;

[0116] Based on the statistical data above, the standard deviation of the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction in the fault zone is calculated using the following formula (1).

[0117]

[0118] Where S is the standard deviation, M is the mean of the angle between the line segments, and x n is the measured value of the line segment angle, and n is the number of measured angles.

[0119] Step 302: Determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault based on the standard deviation.

[0120] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 4 , step 302 includes:

[0121] Step 3021: When the standard deviation is not less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is continuous;

[0122] Step 3022: When the standard deviation is less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is not continuous.

[0123] In steps 3021 and 3022, specifically, whether the main displacement zone of the fault is continuous is determined based on the size of the standard deviation. When the standard deviation is less than 12, the main displacement zone of the strike-slip fault has not yet been continuous. When the standard deviation is greater than 12, the main displacement zone has been continuous.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present invention, step 200 includes:

[0125] The strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the arrangement direction of multiple R fractures on the plane.

[0126] Preferably, the strike-slip direction of the fault needs to be determined based on the regional geological background and the distribution direction of the faults in the fault zone. Generally, for a single strike-slip fault, the faults in the fault zone are mainly R-type faults, and the angle between such faults and the strike-slip direction is acute. The arrangement direction of multiple R-type faults on the plane is the strike-slip direction of the fault.

[0127] Secondary faults can be categorized into different types based on their orientation and relationship to the primary fault. The first set of shear faults to form is called Rediel shear faults, or R-fractures. These R-fractures intersect the primary fault zone at a small angle and move in the same direction. P-fractures typically develop after R-fractures, likely due to temporary changes in the local stress field during strike-slip. They align with the primary strike-slip movement and often connect to R-fractures. A third set of shear faults intersects the primary strike-slip zone at a high angle and move in the opposite direction.

[0128] In addition to the R and P faults mentioned above, extensional faults or T faults can also be observed, which are perpendicular to the maximum instantaneous stress derived within the strike-slip zone. Folds can also be observed within the strike-slip zone, generally before strike-slip deformation begins to converge on a discontinuous interface.

[0129] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, including: first, simplifying the morphology of the faults within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result; then, determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R ruptures within the displacement zone; finally, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault based on the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0130] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0131] (1) Based on the plane image, the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction in the fault zone can be used to determine whether the main displacement zone is continuous, and then the degree of evolution of the strike-slip structure in the region can be determined.

[0132] (2) It avoids the different understandings of the evolution degree of strike-slip faults due to the lack of objective standards, which is conducive to forming an accurate understanding of structural geology and can provide a basis for comparing the structural characteristics of different strike-slip faults in the same area.

[0133] (3) In the process of conducting seismic interpretation of strike-slip tectonic belts, carrying out this work in advance can better guide the designation of seismic interpretation schemes in the region, especially provide accurate guidance for the combination of faults in seismic interpretation, and will provide a basis for a series of work related to regional oil and gas exploration, including the determination of oil and gas migration channels and the division of oil and gas closure ranges.

[0134] Example 3:

[0135] In a specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a specific embodiment of a method for determining the continuity of the main displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, see Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 , specifically including the following steps.

[0136] The present invention addresses the problem that existing technologies cannot simply and accurately determine whether the main displacement zone of a strike-slip fault zone is completely continuous. A method based on planar fracture image data and statistical analysis of planar fracture geometry parameters is proposed. Specifically, the method uses the angle between the fracture and the strike-slip direction within the fault zone to determine whether the main displacement zone is continuous. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0137] S1: Simplified fracture morphology within the fracture zone.

[0138] In the plane data, the two endpoints of independent fractures that do not intersect or merge with other fractures are connected. The straight line formed by the connection represents the overall direction of the fracture. For fractures that extend for a long time and have a large bending, new endpoints can be selected at the location where the direction changes significantly, dividing the direction of a fracture into the directions of two line segments. More endpoints can also be designed according to the degree of bending of the fracture, which has little effect on the statistical results.

[0139] See also Figure 7 The basic data used are the plane images of the same fault zone at different strike-slip displacements during the experiment. Figure 7 , complete the simplification of the fracture plane image.

[0140] S2: Determine the strike-slip direction of the fault.

[0141] The strike-slip direction of the fault needs to be determined based on the regional geological background and the distribution direction of the faults within the fault zone. Generally, for a single strike-slip fault, the faults within the fault zone are mainly R-type faults, which have an acute angle with the strike-slip direction. The arrangement direction of multiple R-type faults on the plane is the strike-slip direction of the fault.

[0142] The strike-slip direction of the fault zone has been Figure 7 The middle part is marked, so the step of identifying the strike-slip direction is omitted, and a line segment parallel to the strike-slip direction is drawn to intersect with the faults in the fault zone.

[0143] S3: Statistical analysis of the angle between the fault and strike-slip direction within the fault zone.

[0144] Draw a line segment within the fault zone that is parallel to the strike-slip direction. This line segment should extend longer than the fault zone. Multiple lines can be drawn to ensure that all faults within the fault zone intersect with the line segment representing the strike-slip direction. Calculate the angle between this line segment and the simplified line segment of the fault within the fault zone. For each simplified line segment within the fault zone, calculate the angle with the strike-slip direction only once.

[0145] Specifically, the angle between the fault in the fault zone and the parallel line segment representing the strike-slip direction is calculated to obtain Figure 8Table 1. Using formula (1) to perform statistics, the standard deviation of the angle data between the fault and the strike-slip direction in the fault zone under different displacement conditions is obtained. The different strike-slip displacements of the fault zone are taken as the horizontal axis and the corresponding standard deviation values ​​are taken as the vertical axis to obtain the relationship between the displacement and the standard deviation value ( Figure 9 )

[0146] Table 1 Statistics of the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction in the fault zone

[0147]

[0148] S4: Calculate the standard deviation of the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction within the fault zone.

[0149] Based on the statistical data, the standard deviation of the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction in the fault zone is calculated using the following formula.

[0150]

[0151] Where S is the standard deviation, M is the mean of the angle between the line segments, and x n is the measured value of the line segment angle, and n is the number of measured angles.

[0152] S5: Determine whether the main displacement zone of the fault is continuous based on the size of the standard deviation.

[0153] When the standard deviation is less than 12, the main displacement zone of the strike-slip fault has not yet been connected; when the standard deviation is greater than 12, the main displacement zone has been connected.

[0154] comparison Figure 7 and Figure 9 It can be seen that when the faults in the fault zone on the plane have not begun to connect, the standard deviation is much less than 12. When the fault displacement increases but the strike-slip main displacement zone fails to fully penetrate, the standard deviation of the angle between the faults in the fault zone and the strike-slip direction is slightly less than 12, but close to 12. When the main displacement zone is penetrated, that is, the displacement reaches 3.5 cm, the standard deviation reaches 12.21, which is greater than 12.

[0155] From the above description, it can be seen that a specific application example of the present invention provides a method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, including: first, simplifying the fault morphology within the fault zone, then determining the strike-slip direction of the fault, counting the angles between the faults and the strike-slip direction within the fault zone, calculating the standard deviation of the angles between the faults and the strike-slip direction within the fault zone, and finally judging whether the main displacement zone of the fault is continuous based on the size of the standard deviation.

[0156] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0157] (1) Based on the plane image, the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction in the fault zone can be used to determine whether the main displacement zone is continuous, and then the degree of evolution of the strike-slip structure in the region can be determined.

[0158] (2) It avoids the different understandings of the evolution degree of strike-slip faults due to the lack of objective standards, which is conducive to forming an accurate understanding of structural geology and can provide a basis for comparing the structural characteristics of different strike-slip faults in the same area.

[0159] (3) In the process of conducting seismic interpretation of strike-slip tectonic belts, carrying out this work in advance can better guide the designation of seismic interpretation schemes in the region, especially provide accurate guidance for the combination of faults in seismic interpretation, and will provide a basis for a series of work related to regional oil and gas exploration, including the determination of oil and gas migration channels and the division of oil and gas closure ranges.

[0160] Example 4:

[0161] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, which can be used to implement the method described in the above embodiments, such as the following embodiments. Since the principle of solving the problem by the device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault is similar to the method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, the implementation of the device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault can refer to the implementation of the method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, and the repeated parts will not be repeated. As used below, the term "unit" or "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceived.

[0162] The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of a device for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, which can realize a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault. Figure 10 , a device for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, comprising:

[0163] a fracture morphology simplification module 10, configured to simplify the fracture morphology within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result;

[0164] a strike-slip direction determining module 20, configured to determine the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the R rupture in the displacement zone;

[0165] The displacement zone continuity determination module 30 is configured to determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0166] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fracture morphology simplification module includes:

[0167] The line segment generating unit is used to connect the two ends of a fracture that does not intersect with other fractures into a line segment.

[0168] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the fracture direction changes, the fracture morphology simplification module includes:

[0169] The sub-line segment generating unit is configured to segment the line segment according to the number of times the fracture direction changes, so as to generate a plurality of sub-line segments.

[0170] In some embodiments of the present invention, a device for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault further includes:

[0171] The angle determination module is used to determine the angle between each line segment and each sub-line segment and the strike-slip direction.

[0172] In some embodiments of the present invention, the displacement band continuity determination module includes:

[0173] A standard deviation calculation unit, used to calculate the standard deviations of multiple angles;

[0174] A continuity determination unit is used to determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the standard deviation.

[0175] In some embodiments of the present invention, the continuity determination unit includes:

[0176] a displacement zone penetration judgment unit, configured to determine that the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is penetration when the standard deviation is not less than 12;

[0177] The displacement zone non-penetration judgment unit is used to determine that the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is non-penetrating when the standard deviation is less than 12.

[0178] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sliding direction determination module includes:

[0179] The strike-slip direction determining unit is used to determine the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the arrangement direction of multiple R fractures on the plane.

[0180] As can be seen from the above description, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, including: a fault morphology simplification module, used to simplify the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result; a strike-slip direction determination module, used to determine the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R rupture within the displacement zone; and a displacement zone continuity determination module, used to determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault based on the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0181] Whether the main displacement zone of a strike-slip tectonic belt is continuous is a key stage in the evolution of a strike-slip fault zone. Determining whether the fault zone is completely continuous is crucial for accurately identifying oil and gas accumulation conditions within the strike-slip tectonic domain. The present invention provides a device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault. This device, based on planar image data of the strike-slip fault zone, calculates the standard deviation of the angle between the fault and the strike-slip direction within the fault zone. The device then determines whether the main displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is continuous based on the range of the standard deviation. This facilitates rapid and accurate analysis of strike-slip fault structure and evolution in areas where seismic data is scarce.

[0182] Embodiment 5:

[0183] The embodiments of the present application also provide a specific implementation of an electronic device capable of implementing all steps of the method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault in the above embodiment, see Figure 11 , electronic equipment specifically includes the following:

[0184] Processor 1201, memory 1202, communications interface 1203, and bus 1204;

[0185] The processor 1201, the memory 1202, and the communication interface 1203 communicate with each other via the bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to implement information transmission between the server device and the client device and other related devices;

[0186] The processor 1201 is configured to call a computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, all steps of the method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0187] Simplifying the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result;

[0188] Determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R rupture in the displacement zone;

[0189] The continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0190] In some embodiments of the present invention, the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is simplified, including:

[0191] Connect the ends of breaks that do not intersect other breaks into line segments.

[0192] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the strike direction of the fault changes, the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is simplified, including:

[0193] The line segment is segmented according to the number of times the fracture direction changes to generate a plurality of sub-line segments.

[0194] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault further includes:

[0195] An angle between each line segment and each sub-line segment and the strike-slip direction is determined.

[0196] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction includes:

[0197] Calculate the standard deviation of multiple angles;

[0198] The continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the standard deviation.

[0199] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the standard deviation includes:

[0200] When the standard deviation is not less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is continuous;

[0201] When the standard deviation is less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is not continuous.

[0202] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the R rupture in the displacement zone includes:

[0203] The strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the arrangement direction of multiple R fractures on the plane.

[0204] Example 6:

[0205] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps of the method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault in the above-mentioned embodiment. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, all steps of the method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault in the above-mentioned embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0206] Simplifying the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result;

[0207] Determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R rupture in the displacement zone;

[0208] The continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

[0209] In some embodiments of the present invention, the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is simplified, including:

[0210] Connect the ends of breaks that do not intersect other breaks into line segments.

[0211] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the strike direction of the fault changes, the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is simplified, including:

[0212] The line segment is segmented according to the number of times the fracture direction changes to generate a plurality of sub-line segments.

[0213] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone of a strike-slip fault further includes:

[0214] An angle between each line segment and each sub-line segment and the strike-slip direction is determined.

[0215] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction includes:

[0216] Calculate the standard deviation of multiple angles;

[0217] The continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the standard deviation.

[0218] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the standard deviation includes:

[0219] When the standard deviation is not less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is continuous;

[0220] When the standard deviation is less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is not continuous.

[0221] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the R rupture in the displacement zone includes:

[0222] The strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the arrangement direction of multiple R fractures on the plane.

[0223] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar portions between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the hardware + program embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, so their description is relatively simple. For relevant portions, refer to the description of the method embodiments.

[0224] The foregoing description of this specification describes specific embodiments. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0225] Although the present application provides method operation steps such as embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative work. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the steps among many steps and does not represent the only execution order. When an actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order shown in the embodiments or the drawings or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0226] For the convenience of description, the above devices are described in terms of functions divided into various modules. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware, or the modules that implement the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0227] Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller in pure computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same functionality by logically programming the method steps in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, and the like. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered structures within the hardware component. Alternatively, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0228] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0229] Memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0230] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between the various embodiments can be referenced across them. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, since the system embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, their description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, reference can be made to the description of the method embodiments. Throughout this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments in this specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples, and features of different embodiments or examples, described in this specification, without conflict.

[0231] The above description is merely an example of the embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the embodiments of this specification are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this specification shall be included within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, characterized in that: include: Simplifying the morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result; Determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault based on the R rupture in the displacement zone; The continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

2. The method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The morphology of the fault within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is simplified, including: Connect the ends of breaks that do not intersect other breaks into line segments.

3. The method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the fault strike changes, the fault morphology within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is simplified, including: The line segment is segmented according to the number of times the fracture direction changes to generate a plurality of sub-line segments.

4. The method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: An angle between each line segment and each sub-line segment and the strike-slip direction is determined.

5. The method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction includes: Calculate the standard deviation of multiple angles; The continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the standard deviation.

6. The method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone according to claim 5, characterized in that: Determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the standard deviation includes: When the standard deviation is not less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is continuous; When the standard deviation is less than 12, the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault is not continuous.

7. The method for determining the continuity of a displacement zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the R rupture in the displacement zone includes: The strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault is determined according to the arrangement direction of multiple R fractures on the plane.

8. A device for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault, characterized in that: include: a fracture morphology simplification module, configured to simplify the fracture morphology within the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault to generate a simplified result; a strike-slip direction determination module, configured to determine the strike-slip direction of the strike-slip fault according to the R rupture in the displacement zone; A displacement zone continuity determination module is used to determine the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to the simplified result and the strike-slip direction.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of the strike-slip fault according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining the continuity of the displacement zone of a strike-slip fault according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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