Rare earth aluminum alloy cable with characteristics of high wear resistance and high flame retardance

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of cables, and provides a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardance, which comprises a cable core, a wrapping tape I is wrapped outside the cable core, a gap between the wrapping tape I and the cable core is filled by a filling layer, a B1-level flame-retardant protective layer I is extruded outside the wrapping tape I, and a B1-level flame-retardant protective layer II is extruded outside the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer II. The exterior of the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer I is provided with an armor layer, the exterior of the armor layer is wrapped with a wrapping tape II, the exterior of the wrapping tape II is extruded with a B1-level flame-retardant protective layer II, and the exterior of the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer II is extruded with a high-wear-resistance protective layer. The conductor is made of rare earth aluminum alloy, so that the flexibility, creep resistance and ductility of the cable are superior to those of copper, the roundness of the conductor is improved, and the service life of the cable is prolonged. The electric field uniformity is improved; the insulating layer adopts a double-layer co-extrusion process and has high mechanical strength and excellent toughness, and the electrical insulation performance of the material is further improved; and the outer sheath is made of high-wear-resistance halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane, so that the wear resistance is greatly improved compared with that of a traditional power cable outer sheath.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and in particular relates to a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the power cable conductors in my country are copper conductors, but about 60% of copper mines are imported, and the price of copper has been rising year by year, resulting in the economic benefits of copper core cables being much lower than before. However, my country has rich reserves of aluminum ore and rare earth resources. After annealing and adding rare earth elements, the new rare earth aluminum alloy cable has a flexibility that is 30% higher than copper, creep resistance is increased by 40%, elongation is increased by 50%, and the compression coefficient is greatly improved compared to copper. Since aluminum will form an oxide film in the air, it has better corrosion resistance and its service life can be extended by 10 years compared to copper core cables. At the same time, the cost can be reduced by 30%-50%. Since the density of aluminum alloy is relatively small, the construction costs of brackets, etc. can be reduced by 20%-40%. The new rare earth aluminum alloy material does not contain heavy metals and is more environmentally friendly.

[0003] The insulation material of power cables is mainly XLPE. XLPE has excellent electrical properties and is suitable for the current use environment, so it is widely used. However, XLPE is a thermosetting material and is not easy to recycle after the cable is scrapped. PP is a thermoplastic resin and is easy to recycle after it is discarded, which is in line with the current environmental protection concept. In terms of material performance, PP is superior to XLPE in many aspects. PP has lower rigidity, high melt strength, and a higher melting point. It also has excellent insulation performance, which can ensure stable and reliable power supply of the cable. PP does not require cross-linking and degassing after extrusion, and production efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, PP is currently a cable insulation material with great development prospects.

[0004] In order to buy time for escapees and rescuers in a fire, the current construction industry has high requirements for the flame retardant properties of products. Cables, as a carrier for transmitting electrical energy, must meet the use requirements of high-rise buildings and large public buildings. Therefore, the flame retardant properties of cables are becoming more and more the focus of public attention.

[0005] Defects and shortcomings of existing technology: The production process of new rare earth aluminum alloy cables is complex, and each production process link requires meticulous and rigorous control. The prices of rare metals and rare earth elements are relatively high. There are considerable technical difficulties and cost issues in the extraction and processing of materials. Due to the high cost, the selling price will also be relatively high. Market promotion and market awareness need to be addressed. The technical standards and specifications of new rare earth aluminum alloy cables need to be improved, and the procedures for installation, wiring and maintenance of corresponding finished cables need to be resolved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy, aiming to solve the above problems.

[0007] The present invention is achieved as follows: a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardant properties includes a cable core, the cable core is wrapped with a first wrapping tape, the gap between the first wrapping tape and the cable core is filled with a filling layer, the first wrapping tape is extruded with a B1 grade flame retardant protective layer, the first B1 grade flame retardant protective layer is provided with an armor layer, the armor layer is wrapped with a second wrapping tape, the second wrapping tape is extruded with a B1 grade flame retardant protective layer, and the second B1 grade flame retardant protective layer is extruded with a high wear-resistant protective layer.

[0008] Preferably, the cable core is composed of a plurality of twisted cores, each of the cores comprises a conductor and an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor, the insulating layer comprises an inner insulating layer and an outer insulating layer, and the insulating layer is formed by a double-layer co-extrusion process.

[0009] Preferably, the conductor is a rare earth aluminum alloy stranded conductor. After magnesium, zinc, iron, copper and rare earth elements are added to the raw aluminum, the conductor has considerable advantages in flexibility, creep resistance and ductility compared to copper. The material does not contain heavy metals such as cadmium and lead, is environmentally friendly, and will not pollute the soil when laid underground. The increased compaction coefficient reduces the wire diameter, improves the roundness of the conductor, and improves the uniformity of the electric field. The inner insulation layer material includes Y-501 catalyzed polypropylene, which has the advantages of high environmental protection, low rigidity, high melting point, high melt strength, etc. Its stability, reliability and insulation performance are improved to a certain extent compared with XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene); The outer insulation layer material includes polyolefin elastomer blended polypropylene, which has both the high mechanical strength of PP and the excellent toughness of POP, and significantly improves the impact performance and low-temperature performance of the composite material. The addition of POP can also increase the crystallinity of PP, so that the electrical insulation performance of the material is further improved. The inner and outer layer insulation base materials are both PP, which is easy to recycle and reuse after the end of its service life, in line with the current green and environmental protection development principles.

[0010] Preferably, the filling layer material comprises glass fiber rope, which has excellent heat resistance, does not absorb water, does not corrode, does not burn, and has high tensile strength; The first and second wrapping tapes are both two layers of glass fiber tapes with an overlap rate of 25-30%. The fibers are evenly distributed, the surface is flat, wrinkle-free, non-stratified, and smooth, and they play a role of flame retardancy and tightening.

[0011] Preferably, the B1-level flame retardant sheath 1 and B1-level flame retardant sheath 2 materials both include B1-level halogen-free low-smoke flame retardant polyolefin sheath material, which not only provides mechanical protection but also has a high flame retardant effect; The armor layer is AA-5000 aluminum alloy interlocking armor, which has low density and light weight, good corrosion resistance, good welding performance, strong impact resistance, excellent pressure resistance, physical isolation of flames, and reduced fire hazards.

[0012] Preferably, the highly wear-resistant outer sheath material comprises highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane. The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane is as follows: 18-22% nitrogen-based flame retardant and 8-12% phosphorus-based flame retardant are added to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, and 2-4% hydroxyl silicone oil is added and melt-blended to obtain the highly wear-resistant outer sheath. Compared with the conventional power cable outer sheath, the wear resistance is greatly improved.

[0013] Preferably, a static magnetic field of 0.5-0.8 T is applied during smelting of the rare earth aluminum alloy, and 0.01-0.03% boron nanotubes are added as rare earth carriers. The application of the static magnetic field allows the rare earth elements (Ce / La / Y) to be directionally enriched along the crystal boundaries. The addition of boron nanotubes improves the dispersion of rare earths, reduces the amount of rare earths used, and improves the conductivity.

[0014] Preferably, 1-2% microcapsules (particle size 5 μm) containing a dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent are uniformly dispersed in the polypropylene of the inner insulating layer material, and 1-3% shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) fibers are incorporated into the polyolefin elastomer of the outer insulating layer material; when cracks occur, the microcapsules rupture to release dicumyl peroxide to induce crosslinking, and the SMPU shrinks when heated (>60°C) to close the cracks, thereby achieving self-repair of the cracks, extending the insulation life, converting passive protection into active repair, and solving the problem of dynamic damage to the cable.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation process of the microcapsules containing dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent is as follows: Oil phase preparation (inert environment operation) Dissolve 15-25g of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) crosslinker in ethyl acetate; Add 3-7 g of 2-isocyanate ethyl methacrylate (IEM) as a reaction monomer; Add 0.1-0.2g dibutyltin dilaurate (catalyst); Aqueous emulsification Dissolve 4-6% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in 200-300ml deionized water; The oil phase was slowly injected into the water phase and emulsified at high speed (12000-13000 rpm, 10-20 min) to form a W / O emulsion; interfacial polymerization Add ethylenediamine aqueous solution (10-15%) dropwise to initiate interfacial reaction, and stir at a constant temperature of 40-50°C for 2-3 hours to form polyurea wall material; Post-processing Centrifuge and wash with ethanol three times; Vacuum drying (35-45°C, 24h) gave a white powder.

[0016] Preferably, the glass fibers used in the filling layer, the first wrapping tape, and the second wrapping tape are pretreated, and the pretreatment method is as follows: the glass fibers are placed in a 10-15% H2SO4 solution, ultrasonically treated at 60-70°C for 2 hours, and washed with deionized water 2-3 times; then placed in a 2-4% KH-550 ethanol solution and immersed for 30-50 minutes; sterilized with high-pressure steam at 121°C for 15-20 minutes to obtain modified glass fibers; inoculated with Acetobacter xylinum into the culture medium, and the modified glass fibers are vertically inserted into the culture medium with the liquid surface submerging 80% of the glass fibers, and statically cultured for 7 days; the composite is removed and boiled with 0.1M sodium hydroxide. The bacteria were removed after 1 hour, washed with deionized water until neutral, and freeze-dried (-50℃, 24h); during the fermentation process, the bacterial cellulose nanofiber network grew in the gaps between the glass fibers. During combustion, the bacterial cellulose pyrolyzed to form a dense carbon layer, which increased the limiting oxygen index. The bacterial cellulose carbon layer isolated oxygen and added heat insulation to the glass fiber skeleton, thereby improving the flame retardant performance; and the bacterial cellulose nanofiber network bridged the cracks in the glass fiber, and the three-dimensional network stored elastic potential energy and absorbed dynamic stress, thereby improving the mechanical properties; the bacterial cellulose can absorb moisture and buffer, absorb UV, and block the pores on the surface of the glass fiber to prevent corrosion, thereby improving weather resistance; in addition, the bacterial cellulose has a low density and is biodegradable, making it more economical and environmentally friendly.

[0017] Preferably, the raw materials of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane further include 5-10% molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires, which are obtained by growing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets on the surface of silicon carbide whiskers by chemical vapor deposition, and then treating them with a surface silane coupling agent (KH-550); the interlayer slip of molybdenum disulfide offsets most of the friction energy, the silicon carbide core resists plastic deformation, reduces wear, and the surface silane coupling agent treatment enhances the TPU interface bonding strength, further improving the wear resistance.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: The conductor of the rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy provided by the present invention is made of rare earth aluminum alloy, which has considerable advantages in flexibility, creep resistance and ductility compared with copper. The compression coefficient is improved, which reduces the wire diameter, improves the roundness of the conductor, and improves the uniformity of the electric field. The insulation layer adopts a double-layer co-extrusion process, and the inner insulation adopts Y-501 catalyzed polypropylene, which has the advantages of high environmental protection, low rigidity, high melting point and high solution strength. The outer insulation adopts polyolefin elastomer blended polypropylene, which has high mechanical strength and excellent toughness, and significantly improves the impact performance and low-temperature performance of the composite material, and further improves the electrical insulation performance of the material. The filling layer adopts glass The fiber rope has excellent heat resistance, does not absorb water, does not corrode, does not burn, and has high tensile strength. The cable wrapping tape is made of two layers of overlapping glass fiber tapes, with excellent flame retardant properties, which plays a role in tightening and flame retardancy. The B1-level flame retardant sheath one and B1-level flame retardant sheath two materials are both B1-level halogen-free low-smoke flame retardant polyolefin sheath materials, which not only play a role in mechanical protection, but also have a high flame retardant effect; the armor layer is an aluminum alloy interlocking armor with low density and light weight, good corrosion resistance, good welding performance, strong impact resistance, excellent compressive performance, physical isolation of flames, and reduced fire hazards. The outer sheath adopts highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane, which has greatly improved wear resistance compared to the outer sheath of traditional power cables. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy provided by the present invention.

[0020] Notes on the accompanying figures: 1. Conductor; 2. Inner insulation layer; 3. Outer insulation layer; 4. Filling layer; 5. Wrapping tape 1; 6. B1 grade flame retardant sheath 1; 7. Armor layer; 8. Wrapping tape 2; 9. B1 grade flame retardant sheath 2; 10. Highly wear-resistant outer sheath. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0022] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a cable core, the cable core is wrapped with a wrapping tape 1, the gap between the wrapping tape 1 and the cable core is filled with a filling layer, the wrapping tape 1 is extruded with a B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 1, the B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 1 is provided with an armor layer, the armor layer is wrapped with a wrapping tape 2, the wrapping tape 2 is extruded with a B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 2, and the B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 2 is extruded with a high wear-resistant protective layer.

[0024] The cable core is composed of several twisted cores, three in this embodiment, distributed in a triangle. Each core includes a conductor and an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor. The insulating layer includes an inner insulating layer and an outer insulating layer. The insulating layer adopts a double-layer co-extrusion process.

[0025] Furthermore, the conductor is a rare earth aluminum alloy stranded conductor.

[0026] Furthermore, the inner insulating layer material includes polypropylene (PP) catalyzed by Y-501 (Y-501 is a special catalyst developed by Renqiu Lihe Technology Development Co., Ltd.).

[0027] Preferably, the outer insulating layer material includes polyolefin elastomer (POP) blended with polypropylene (PP).

[0028] In this embodiment, the filling layer material includes glass fiber rope.

[0029] In a specific implementation, the first and second wrapping tapes are both two layers of glass fiber tapes, 2 layers, 0.2 mm thick, and an overlap rate of 25%.

[0030] In this embodiment, the materials of the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer 1 and the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer 2 both include B1-level halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material.

[0031] In this embodiment, the armor layer is AA-5000 aluminum alloy interlocking armor.

[0032] Preferably, the highly wear-resistant outer protective layer material comprises highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0033] The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane is as follows: 18% nitrogen flame retardant and 8% phosphorus flame retardant are added to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), and 2% hydroxy silicone oil is added and melt-blended to obtain the obtained product.

[0034] Example 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a cable core, the cable core is wrapped with a wrapping tape 1, the gap between the wrapping tape 1 and the cable core is filled with a filling layer, the wrapping tape 1 is extruded with a B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 1, the B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 1 is provided with an armor layer, the armor layer is wrapped with a wrapping tape 2, the wrapping tape 2 is extruded with a B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 2, and the B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 2 is extruded with a high wear-resistant protective layer.

[0035] The cable core is composed of several twisted cores, three in this embodiment, distributed in a triangle. Each core includes a conductor and an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor. The insulating layer includes an inner insulating layer and an outer insulating layer. The insulating layer adopts a double-layer co-extrusion process.

[0036] Furthermore, the conductor is a rare earth aluminum alloy stranded conductor.

[0037] Furthermore, the inner insulating layer material includes Y-501 catalyzed polypropylene (PP).

[0038] Preferably, the outer insulating layer material includes polyolefin elastomer (POP) blended with polypropylene (PP).

[0039] In this embodiment, the filling layer material includes glass fiber rope.

[0040] In a specific implementation, the first and second wrapping tapes are both two layers of glass fiber tapes, 2 layers, 0.2 mm thick, and an overlap rate of 28%.

[0041] In this embodiment, the materials of the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer 1 and the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer 2 both include B1-level halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material.

[0042] In this embodiment, the armor layer is AA-5000 aluminum alloy interlocking armor.

[0043] Preferably, the highly wear-resistant outer protective layer material comprises highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0044] The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane is as follows: 20% nitrogen-based flame retardant and 10% phosphorus-based flame retardant are added to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), and 3% hydroxy silicone oil is added and melt-blended to obtain the obtained product.

[0045] Example 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a cable core, the cable core is wrapped with a wrapping tape 1, the gap between the wrapping tape 1 and the cable core is filled with a filling layer, the wrapping tape 1 is extruded with a B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 1, the B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 1 is provided with an armor layer, the armor layer is wrapped with a wrapping tape 2, the wrapping tape 2 is extruded with a B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 2, and the B1 grade flame retardant protective layer 2 is extruded with a high wear-resistant protective layer.

[0046] The cable core is composed of several twisted cores, three in this embodiment, distributed in a triangle. Each core includes a conductor and an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor. The insulating layer includes an inner insulating layer and an outer insulating layer. The insulating layer adopts a double-layer co-extrusion process.

[0047] Furthermore, the conductor is a rare earth aluminum alloy stranded conductor.

[0048] Furthermore, the inner insulating layer material includes Y-501 catalyzed polypropylene (PP).

[0049] Preferably, the outer insulating layer material includes polyolefin elastomer (POP) blended with polypropylene (PP).

[0050] In this embodiment, the filling layer material includes glass fiber rope.

[0051] In a specific implementation, the first and second wrapping tapes are both two layers of glass fiber tapes, 2 layers, 0.2 mm thick, and an overlap rate of 30%.

[0052] In this embodiment, the materials of the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer 1 and the B1-level flame-retardant protective layer 2 both include B1-level halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material.

[0053] In this embodiment, the armor layer is AA-5000 aluminum alloy interlocking armor.

[0054] Preferably, the highly wear-resistant outer protective layer material comprises highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0055] The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane is as follows: 22% nitrogen-based flame retardant and 12% phosphorus-based flame retardant are added to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), and 4% hydroxyl silicone oil is added and melt-blended to obtain the obtained product.

[0056] Example 4 In this embodiment, based on the embodiment 2, a static magnetic field of 0.5 is applied during the smelting of the rare earth aluminum alloy, and 0.01% boron nanotubes are added as rare earth carriers.

[0057] Example 5 In this embodiment, based on the embodiment 2, a static magnetic field of 0.65 T is applied during the smelting of the rare earth aluminum alloy, and 0.02% boron nanotubes are added as rare earth carriers.

[0058] Example 6 In this embodiment, based on the embodiment 2, a 0.8 T static magnetic field is applied during the smelting of the rare earth aluminum alloy, and 0.03% boron nanotubes are added as rare earth carriers.

[0059] Example 7 In this embodiment, based on the embodiment 2, 1% microcapsules (5 μm in diameter) containing a dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent are uniformly dispersed in the polypropylene of the inner insulating layer material, and 1% shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) fibers are incorporated into the polyolefin elastomer of the outer insulating layer material: Oil phase preparation (inert environment operation) 15 g of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) crosslinker was dissolved in ethyl acetate; 3 g of 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) was added as a reaction monomer; Add 0.1 g of dibutyltin dilaurate (catalyst); Aqueous emulsification Dissolve 4% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in 200 ml of deionized water; The oil phase was slowly injected into the water phase and emulsified at high speed (12000 rpm, 10 min) to form a W / O emulsion; interfacial polymerization Add 10% ethylenediamine aqueous solution to initiate interfacial reaction, and stir at 40°C for 2 h to form polyurea wall material. Post-processing Centrifuge and wash with ethanol three times; The product was dried in vacuo (35°C, 24 h) to obtain a white powder.

[0060] Example 8 In this embodiment, based on the embodiment 2, 1.5% microcapsules (particle size 5 μm) containing a dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent are uniformly dispersed in the polypropylene of the inner insulating layer material, and 2% shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) fibers are incorporated into the polyolefin elastomer of the outer insulating layer material.

[0061] The preparation process of the microcapsules containing dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent is as follows: Oil phase preparation (inert environment operation) 20 g of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) crosslinker was dissolved in ethyl acetate; 5 g of 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) was added as a reaction monomer; Add 0.15g dibutyltin dilaurate (catalyst); Aqueous emulsification Dissolve 5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in 250 ml of deionized water; The oil phase was slowly injected into the water phase and emulsified at high speed (12500 rpm, 15 min) to form a W / O emulsion; interfacial polymerization Ethylenediamine aqueous solution (12.5%) was added dropwise to initiate interfacial reaction, and the mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 45°C for 2.5 h to form a polyurea wall material. Post-processing Centrifuge and wash with ethanol three times; The product was dried in vacuo (40°C, 24 h) to obtain a white powder.

[0062] Example 9 In this embodiment, based on the embodiment 2, 2% microcapsules (particle size 5 μm) containing dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent are uniformly dispersed in the polypropylene of the inner insulating layer material, and 3% shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) fibers are incorporated into the polyolefin elastomer of the outer insulating layer material.

[0063] The preparation process of the microcapsules containing dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent is as follows: Oil phase preparation (inert environment operation) 25 g of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) crosslinker was dissolved in ethyl acetate; 7 g of 2-isocyanateethyl methacrylate (IEM) was added as a reaction monomer; Add 0.2g dibutyltin dilaurate (catalyst); Aqueous emulsification Dissolve 6% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in 300 ml of deionized water; The oil phase was slowly injected into the water phase and high-speed shear emulsification (13000 rpm, 20 min) was performed to form a W / O emulsion; interfacial polymerization Add 15% ethylenediamine aqueous solution to initiate interfacial reaction, and stir at 50°C for 3 h to form polyurea wall material. Post-processing Centrifuge and wash with ethanol three times; The product was dried in vacuo (45°C, 24 h) to obtain a white powder.

[0064] Example 10 In this embodiment, based on Example 2, the glass fibers used in the filling layer, the first wrapping tape, and the second wrapping tape were pretreated. The pretreatment method was as follows: the glass fibers were placed in a 10% H2SO4 solution, ultrasonically treated at 60°C for 2 hours, and washed twice with deionized water; then placed in a 2% KH-550 ethanol solution and immersed for 30 minutes; sterilized with high-pressure steam at 121°C for 15 minutes to obtain modified glass fibers; Acetobacter xylinum was inoculated into the culture medium, the modified glass fibers were vertically inserted into the culture medium with the liquid surface covering 80% of the glass fibers, and statically cultured for 7 days; the complex was removed, boiled with 0.1M sodium hydroxide for 1 hour to remove the bacteria, washed with deionized water until neutral, and freeze-dried (-50°C, 24 hours).

[0065] Example 11 In this embodiment, based on Example 2, the glass fibers used in the filling layer, the first wrapping tape, and the second wrapping tape were pretreated. The pretreatment method was as follows: the glass fibers were placed in a 12.5% ​​H2SO4 solution, ultrasonically treated at 65°C for 2 hours, and washed twice with deionized water; then placed in a 3% KH-550 ethanol solution and immersed for 40 minutes; sterilized with high-pressure steam at 121°C for 18 minutes to obtain modified glass fibers; the culture medium was inoculated with Acetobacter xylinum, the modified glass fibers were vertically inserted into the culture medium with the liquid surface covering 80% of the glass fibers, and statically cultured for 7 days; the complex was removed, boiled with 0.1M sodium hydroxide for 1 hour to remove the bacteria, washed with deionized water until neutral, and freeze-dried (-50°C, 24 hours).

[0066] Example 12 In this embodiment, based on Example 2, the glass fibers used in the filling layer, the first wrapping tape, and the second wrapping tape were pretreated. The pretreatment method was as follows: the glass fibers were placed in a 15% H2SO4 solution, ultrasonically treated at 70°C for 2 hours, and washed three times with deionized water; then placed in a 4% KH-550 ethanol solution and immersed for 50 minutes; sterilized with high-pressure steam at 121°C for 20 minutes to obtain modified glass fibers; Acetobacter xylinum was inoculated into the culture medium, the modified glass fibers were vertically inserted into the culture medium with the liquid surface covering 80% of the glass fibers, and statically cultured for 7 days; the complex was removed, boiled with 0.1M sodium hydroxide for 1 hour to remove the bacteria, washed with deionized water until neutral, and freeze-dried (-50°C, 24 hours).

[0067] Example 13 In this embodiment, based on Example 2, the raw materials of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane further include 5% molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires. The molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires are obtained by growing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (number of layers ≤ 5) on the surface of silicon carbide whiskers by chemical vapor deposition, and then treating the surface with a silane coupling agent (KH-550) (1.5wt% KH-550 solution, first ultrasonically dispersed (40kHz) for 30min, refluxed at 80°C for 2h; then centrifuged and washed with ethanol three times; and finally vacuum-dried at 60°C for 12h). The silicon carbide whiskers are first pickled (10% HF solution, ultrasonicated for 30min, 40°C to remove the surface SiO2 oxide layer), then alkali washed (boiled with 5M sodium hydroxide for 1h to remove organic residues), and finally thermally purified (annealed at 800°C for 1h in an Ar / H2 mixture (95:5) to activate the surface lattice).

[0068] Example 14 In this embodiment, based on Example 2, the raw materials of the highly wear-resistant, halogen-free, flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane further include 7.5% molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires. The molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires are obtained by growing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (number of layers ≤ 5) on the surface of silicon carbide whiskers by chemical vapor deposition, and then treating the surface with a silane coupling agent (1.5wt% KH-550 solution, first ultrasonically dispersed (40kHz) for 30min, refluxed at 80°C for 2h; then centrifuged and washed with ethanol three times; and finally vacuum-dried at 60°C for 12h). The silicon carbide whiskers are first pickled (10% HF solution, ultrasonicated for 30min, 40°C to remove the surface SiO2 oxide layer), then alkali washed (boiled with 5M sodium hydroxide for 1h to remove organic residues), and finally thermally purified (annealed at 800°C for 1h in an Ar / H2 mixture (95:5) to activate the surface lattice).

[0069] Example 15 In this embodiment, based on Example 2, the raw materials of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane further include 10% molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires. The molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires are obtained by growing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (number of layers ≤ 5) on the surface of silicon carbide whiskers by chemical vapor deposition, and then treating the surface with a silane coupling agent (KH-550) (1.5wt% KH-550 solution, first ultrasonically dispersed (40kHz) for 30 minutes, refluxed at 80°C for 2 hours; then centrifuged and washed with ethanol three times; and finally vacuum-dried at 60°C for 12 hours). The silicon carbide whiskers are first pickled (10% HF solution, ultrasonicated for 30 minutes, 40°C to remove the surface SiO2 oxide layer), then alkali washed (boiled with 5M sodium hydroxide for 1 hour to remove organic residues), and finally thermally purified (annealed at 800°C for 1 hour in an Ar / H2 mixture (95:5) to activate the surface lattice).

[0070] In summary, the present invention provides a rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy. The conductor adopts rare earth aluminum alloy. By adding trace rare earth elements and annealing process, the flexibility is improved by 30% compared with copper, the creep resistance is improved by 40%, the ductility is increased by 50%, the comprehensive service life is increased by 10 years, and the compression coefficient can be increased to 93%, so that the wire diameter is reduced, the roundness of the conductor is improved, and the uniformity of the electric field is improved; the insulation layer adopts a double-layer co-extrusion process, and the inner insulation adopts Y-501 catalyzed PP, which has the advantages of high environmental protection, low rigidity, high melting point, high solution strength, etc. The stability, reliability and insulation performance are improved to a certain extent compared with XLPE, and the outer insulation POP (polyolefin elastomer) is blended with PP (polypropylene). This material has both the high mechanical strength of PP and the excellent toughness of POP, and significantly improves the impact performance and low-temperature performance of the composite material. The addition of POP can increase the crystallinity of PP, which further enhances the electrical insulation performance of the material. The inner and outer insulating base materials are both PP, which can be easily recycled and reused after the end of their service life, in line with the current development principles of green environmental protection. The filling layer is made of glass fiber rope, which has a maximum operating temperature of 600°C, low thermal conductivity, soft material, non-water absorption, corrosion, mildew, insect-proof, not easy to scatter, and has a certain tensile strength. Glass fiber is an inorganic fiber and will not burn. The cable wrapping tape is made of two layers of overlapping glass fiber tapes. This material is similar to glass fiber rope and has excellent flame retardant properties. The oxygen index is ≥70%, which plays a role in tightening and flame retardant. After the cable is wrapped, a layer of B1 grade flame retardant sheath is extruded. The material is B1 grade halogen-free low-smoke flame retardant polyolefin sheath material. The material has high flame retardancy and oxygen index is ≥40%, which plays a role in flame retardant and mechanical protection. The armor layer uses AA-5000 aluminum alloy material for interlocking armoring. It has low density and light weight, good corrosion resistance, good welding performance, and impact resistance. It is strong, has excellent compressive performance, physically isolates flames, and reduces fire hazards; after armoring, two layers of glass fiber tapes are overlapped and wrapped to play a flame retardant role, and make the armor surface smooth, making the cable as a whole more round; after wrapping, a layer of B1 grade flame retardant sheath is extruded to play a high flame retardant effect. The outer sheath is made of highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane. Nitrogen-based flame retardant and phosphorus-based flame retardant are added to TPU, and hydroxyl silicone oil is added and melt-blended to obtain highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame retardant TPU. Compared with the outer sheath of traditional power cables, the wear resistance is greatly improved.

[0071] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the aforementioned embodiments are described as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should be aware that the present invention is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present invention, certain steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0072] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field can still combine, add, delete or make other adjustments to the features in the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict, without making creative work, so as to obtain different other technical solutions that do not deviate from the concept of the present invention in essence, and these technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy, characterized in that: The cable core comprises a cable core, wherein a first wrapping tape is wrapped around the outside of the cable core, a gap between the first wrapping tape and the cable core is filled by a filling layer, a first B1 flame retardant protective layer is extruded outside the first wrapping tape, an armor layer is provided outside the first B1 flame retardant protective layer, a second wrapping tape is wrapped around the outside of the armor layer, a second B1 flame retardant protective layer is extruded outside the second wrapping tape, and a high wear-resistant protective layer is extruded outside the second B1 flame retardant protective layer.

2. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable core is composed of a number of twisted wire cores, each of which includes a conductor and an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor. The insulating layer includes an inner insulating layer and an outer insulating layer, and the insulating layer is formed by a double-layer co-extrusion process.

3. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conductor is a rare earth aluminum alloy stranded conductor, the inner insulation layer material includes Y-501 catalyzed polypropylene, and the outer insulation layer material includes polyolefin elastomer blended polypropylene.

4. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling layer material includes glass fiber rope, and the first and second wrapping tapes are both two layers of glass fiber tapes with an overlapping rate of 25-30%.

5. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the B1-level flame-retardant sheath 1 and B1-level flame-retardant sheath 2 both include B1-level halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material, and the armor layer is AA-5000 aluminum alloy interlocking armor.

6. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The highly wear-resistant outer protective layer material comprises highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane. The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane is as follows: 18-22% nitrogen-based flame retardant and 8-12% phosphorus-based flame retardant are compounded into thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, and 2-4% hydroxyl silicone oil is added and melt-blended.

7. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 3, characterized in that: During smelting of the rare earth aluminum alloy, a static magnetic field of 0.5-0.8 T is applied, and 0.01-0.03% of boron nanotubes are added as rare earth carriers.

8. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 3, characterized in that: 1-2% of microcapsules containing dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent are uniformly dispersed in the polypropylene of the inner insulating layer material, and 1-3% of shape memory polyurethane fibers are mixed into the polyolefin elastomer of the outer insulating layer material.

9. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The glass fibers used in the filling layer, the first wrapping tape, and the second wrapping tape are pretreated. The pretreatment method is as follows: the glass fibers are placed in a 10-15% H2SO4 solution, ultrasonically treated at 60-70°C for 2 hours, and washed with deionized water 2-3 times; then placed in a 2-4% KH-550 ethanol solution and immersed for 30-50 minutes; sterilized with high-pressure steam at 121°C for 15-20 minutes to obtain modified glass fibers; inoculated with Acetobacter xylinum into the culture medium, and the modified glass fibers are vertically inserted into the culture medium with the liquid surface submerging 80% of the glass fibers, and statically cultured for 7 days; the complex is removed, boiled with 0.1M sodium hydroxide for 1 hour to remove the bacteria, washed with deionized water until neutral, and freeze-dried.

10. The rare earth aluminum alloy cable with high wear resistance and high flame retardancy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The raw materials of the highly wear-resistant halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane also include 5-10% molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires. The molybdenum disulfide / silicon carbide core-shell nanowires are obtained by growing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets on the surface of silicon carbide whiskers by chemical vapor deposition and then treating the surface with a silane coupling agent.

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