Sea-island energy storage battery thermal management system based on magnetostrictive driving pressure chamber and use method of sea-island energy storage battery thermal management system

Abstract

The invention discloses an island energy storage battery thermal management system based on a magnetostrictive driving pressure cabin and a use method thereof. The island energy storage battery thermal management system comprises a battery management system, a layered pressure cabin shell and a magnetostrictive driving unit, the layered pressure chamber shell is internally provided with a battery pack consisting of a plurality of battery cells, the battery pack is stored in a liquid cooling working medium storage cavity, and the liquid cooling working medium storage cavity is arranged at the bottommost end of the layered pressure chamber shell; the magnetostriction driving unit comprises a magnetic control PCM layer, a linear piston mechanism and an air cabin, and the magnetic control PCM layer is connected with the air cabin through the linear piston mechanism; the battery thermal management system converts mechanical energy generated by expansion of the phase change material into liquid cooling driving power, and the magnetostriction driving unit can disturb a liquid cooling working medium in the liquid cooling working medium storage cavity when the battery pack generates heat. The device effectively solves the heat dissipation problem of the battery pack in the island energy storage power station, adapts to severe environmental conditions such as high humidity and high salt mist in the island area, and provides powerful guarantee for stable operation of the island energy storage power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, and in particular to a thermal management system for an island energy storage battery based on a magnetostrictive driven pressure cabin and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Island regions are often far from mainland power grids, and traditional energy supply relies primarily on diesel generators, which is not only costly but also pollutes the island's ecological environment. With economic development and rising living standards, electricity demand on islands continues to increase, and the demand for power supply reliability is also becoming increasingly stringent. Therefore, building island energy storage power stations has become a key measure to address island energy issues.

[0003] In island energy storage power stations, battery packs are one of the core devices, and their performance and safety directly affect the operation of the energy storage station. However, batteries generate a lot of heat during the charging and discharging process. If the heat cannot be effectively dissipated, it will lead to a decline in battery performance, shortened lifespan, and even cause safety issues such as thermal runaway. Traditional liquid cooling technology has certain limitations in terms of heat dissipation efficiency and temperature consistency. For example, channel liquid cooling technology has high energy consumption and relies on pumps to drive the coolant circulation. At the same time, the temperature uniformity is poor, and the difference in heat exchange capacity between the inlet and outlet leads to a temperature difference of more than 10°C in the battery module, accelerating local aging. In addition, since island areas usually have harsh natural environmental conditions such as high humidity and high salt fog, this places higher requirements on the corrosion resistance and reliability of energy storage power station equipment.

[0004] To address these issues, there is an urgent need for a battery thermal management system that combines efficient heat dissipation, full temperature range adaptability, low maintenance costs, and adaptability to harsh natural environmental conditions such as high humidity and salt fog in island areas. Therefore, this application proposes a thermal management system for island energy storage batteries based on a magnetostrictive-driven pressure chamber and its use method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and to provide an island energy storage battery thermal management system based on a magnetostrictive driven pressure cabin and a method of using the same. The device solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology by setting a layered pressure cabin shell and a magnetostrictive drive unit, combining magnetically controlled pressure regulation, pressure feedback mechanism and seawater immersion liquid cooling technology.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A heat management system for an island energy storage battery based on a magnetostrictive drive pressure cabin includes a battery management system, a layered pressure cabin shell, and a magnetostrictive drive unit.

[0008] A layered pressure chamber housing having a battery pack consisting of a plurality of cells, wherein the battery pack is stored in a liquid cooling medium storage chamber, and the liquid cooling medium storage chamber is provided at the bottom end of the layered pressure chamber housing;

[0009] The magnetostrictive drive unit includes a magnetically controlled PCM layer, a linear piston mechanism, and an air capsule. The magnetically controlled PCM layer is connected to the air capsule via the linear piston mechanism. The battery thermal management system converts mechanical energy generated by the expansion of the phase change material into liquid-cooled driving power. The magnetostrictive drive unit can disturb the liquid-cooling medium in the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber when the battery pack generates heat.

[0010] Furthermore, the periphery of the battery core is wrapped by a phase change material, and the phase change material is a cylindrical structure. Its cavity wall is provided with a serpentine liquid cooling channel. The serpentine liquid cooling channel is distributed in a serpentine and circuitous manner, one end of which is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of which is connected to the liquid cooling medium storage cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the water pump uses external force to pump the liquid-cooling medium into the water inlet, and then enters the serpentine liquid cooling channel. The liquid-cooling medium flows downward along the tortuous channel, while taking away the heat absorbed by the phase change material. The liquid-cooling medium then enters the cavity of the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber, and is finally discharged into the heat exchanger from the water outlet of the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber. After heat exchange and cooling in the heat exchanger, it is pumped in again by the water pump, thus forming a cycle.

[0012] Furthermore, the phase change material is a magnetic nanocomposite PCM, which consists of a magnetic phase change matrix and a porous metal carrier. When a transverse magnetic field is applied, the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic phase change matrix can be arranged along the direction of the magnetic flux lines to form a chain structure, thereby disturbing the fluid boundary layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the layered pressure cabin shell is divided into an inner and outer layer, the inner layer is a thermal management functional layer, and the outer layer is a pressure-resistant protective layer. The top of the liquid-cooling medium storage cavity is sealed by a box cover, and the interior is hollowed out to place a honeycomb-arranged battery pack. The upper and lower ends of the battery pack are respectively provided with an insulating upper cover and an insulating lower cover. An epoxy resin film and a busbar are also provided between the insulating upper cover and the battery pack, and the epoxy plate wraps the four walls of the battery pack.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetostrictive drive unit can disturb the liquid-cooling medium in the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber when the battery pack generates heat. Specifically, the magnetostrictive drive unit is disposed adjacent to the bottom end of the layered pressure chamber shell. When the battery pack generates heat, the heat is transferred to the magnetron PCM layer via a temperature gradient. The magnetic composite PCM within the magnetron PCM layer absorbs the heat and undergoes a phase change, expanding and deforming. The pressure generated by this expansion is transferred to the linear piston mechanism, triggering its displacement. This compresses the air chamber and the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber simultaneously, causing disturbances in the liquid-cooling medium within.

[0015] Furthermore, the magnetic composite PCM filled in the magnetron PCM layer includes magnetic nanoparticles, a phase change material matrix and magnetic fillers.

[0016] Furthermore, outside the system, an external magnetic field is applied to induce the directional arrangement of magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic composite PCM, enhancing the particle dispersion to improve thermal conductivity under high-temperature conditions, and applying a transverse magnetic field under low-temperature conditions to cause the particles to form a chain structure to promote the efficiency of mechanical stress transfer.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for using a sea island energy storage battery thermal management system based on a magnetostrictive driven pressure cabin, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, heat generation;

[0019] The heat generated by battery charging and discharging is transferred to the magnetically controlled PCM layer through the temperature gradient. The magnetic composite PCM inside absorbs the heat and expands, triggering the deformation of the air cabin.

[0020] S2, heat transfer;

[0021] The pressure deformation will drive the compressed liquid cooling medium storage chamber to start the liquid cooling cycle; at the same time, the external magnetic field will synchronously regulate the thermal conductivity and flow state of the nanofluid.

[0022] S3, heat dissipation;

[0023] The liquid cooling medium in the serpentine liquid cooling channel carries heat to the external heat exchanger through forced convection, thereby discharging the heat out of the system.

[0024] S4, feedback regulation;

[0025] The distributed sensor network in the battery management system collects temperature, pressure, and flow data in real time. The control unit in the battery management system dynamically adjusts the magnetic field strength, liquid cooling flow rate, and drive piston stroke to maintain the thermal balance of the system.

[0026] As a preferred solution, in step S4, when the battery pack is operating normally and the temperature is too low as 40°C, the system is in passive mode, relying on the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material itself and the low-flow rate circulation of liquid cooling to maintain the battery temperature; when the battery temperature rises to 40°C or above or the temperature difference exceeds 3°C, the system automatically switches to active mode, telescopically drives the magnetically controlled PCM layer to increase the pressure, speeds up the liquid cooling circulation speed, and turns on the external magnetic field to improve the heat dissipation efficiency; when the ambient temperature is too low, reaching -20°C or below, the system enters low-temperature mode, mechanically drives the liquid cooling to be forced to start, the magnetically controlled PCM layer releases latent heat, and the external magnetic field induces the particles to generate heat by friction, ensuring that the system operates normally in a low-temperature environment.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention incorporates a magnetostrictive drive unit that disrupts the liquid coolant within the liquid coolant storage chamber when the battery pack generates heat. The proposed battery thermal management system utilizes a phase change material (PCM) dynamic response mechanism and pressure feedback mechanism to convert the mechanical energy generated by the expansion of the PCM into liquid cooling drive power. This conversion primarily relies on the phase change (from solid to liquid) produced by the magnetic composite PCM after absorbing heat, compressing the liquid coolant storage chamber, allowing the liquid coolant to gain flow power and drive the liquid cooling cycle. This reduces external pump energy consumption and integrates photovoltaic or wave energy into a self-sustaining system. This invention effectively addresses the heat dissipation issues of battery packs in island energy storage power stations while also adapting to harsh environmental conditions such as high humidity and high salt fog on islands, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation of island energy storage power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery thermal management system proposed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the working principle of the battery thermal management system proposed in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a principle block diagram of the battery thermal management system proposed in the present invention;

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1. Liquid-cooling medium storage chamber; 2. Battery pack; 3. Heat exchanger; 4. Magnetically controlled PCM layer; 5. Linear piston mechanism; 6. Air cabin; 7. Water pump; 8. Positive / negative electrode interface; 9. Box cover; 10. Insulating upper cover; 11. Busbar; 12. Epoxy resin film; 13. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer material; 14. Epoxy board; 15. Insulating lower cover; 16. Battery management system; 17. Battery cell; 18. Phase change material; 19. Serpentine liquid cooling channel; 20. External magnetic field. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0036] See also Figure 1-4 , this embodiment provides a technical solution:

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] A sea-island energy storage battery thermal management system based on a magnetostrictive drive pressure chamber comprises a battery management system, a stratified pressure chamber shell, and a magnetostrictive drive unit. The stratified pressure chamber shell houses a battery pack consisting of a plurality of battery cells, the battery pack being stored in a liquid-cooling medium storage chamber disposed at the bottom end of the stratified pressure chamber shell. The magnetostrictive drive unit comprises a magnetically controlled PCM layer, a linear piston mechanism, and an air chamber, the magnetically controlled PCM layer being connected to the air chamber via the linear piston mechanism. The battery thermal management system converts mechanical energy generated by the expansion of a phase change material into liquid-cooling drive power, and the magnetostrictive drive unit is capable of disturbing the liquid-cooling medium in the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber when the battery pack generates heat.

[0039] This embodiment incorporates a magnetostrictive drive unit that, when the battery pack generates heat, can disrupt the liquid coolant within the liquid coolant storage chamber. The battery thermal management system proposed in this embodiment utilizes a phase change material (PCM) dynamic response mechanism and a pressure feedback mechanism to convert the mechanical energy generated by the expansion of the phase change material into liquid cooling drive power. This conversion primarily relies on the phase change (from solid to liquid) produced by the magnetic composite PCM after absorbing heat, compressing the liquid coolant storage chamber, allowing the liquid coolant to gain flow power and drive the liquid cooling cycle. This reduces external pump energy consumption and integrates photovoltaic or wave energy into a self-sustaining system. This embodiment effectively addresses the heat dissipation issues of battery packs in island energy storage power stations while adapting to harsh environmental conditions such as high humidity and high salt fog on islands, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation of island energy storage power stations.

[0040] It should be noted that the battery management system (BMS) in this embodiment is a prior art technology. Its distributed sensor network is composed of multiple sensors installed at key locations in the system to collect data in real time. After receiving the data, the control unit analyzes and processes it. According to a preset algorithm, when the data exceeds a reasonable range, it adjusts the magnetic field strength, liquid cooling flow rate, and piston stroke to maintain the thermal balance of the system. For example, when the temperature is too high, the control unit enhances the magnetic field to regulate the thermal conductivity of the PCM and accelerate the liquid cooling flow rate; when the pressure is abnormal, the piston stroke is adjusted to stabilize the pressure and ensure stable operation of the system. The above algorithm is specifically an intelligent control algorithm based on pressure feedback. The pressure data is collected in real time by the pressure sensor and analyzed and processed by the control unit. When the detected pressure approaches the upper limit of the preset fluctuation range, the algorithm controls the reduction of the magnetic field strength to suppress the expansion of the PCM; when the pressure approaches the lower limit, the algorithm controls the enhancement of the magnetic field strength to promote the expansion of the PCM and ensure that the pressure is stable within a reasonable range.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] In this embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the periphery of the battery cell is wrapped with a phase change material, and the phase change material is a cylindrical structure. Its cavity wall is provided with a serpentine liquid cooling channel. The serpentine liquid cooling channel is distributed in a serpentine and circuitous manner. One end is connected to the water inlet, and the other end is connected to the liquid cooling medium storage cavity. Among them, the serpentine liquid cooling channel is embedded in the gap of the honeycomb structure of the battery pack, and the surface of the channel is coated with a super-hydrophobic coating, and a magnetic nanofluid circulates inside. An efficient thermal management unit is built on the serpentine liquid cooling plate, and the heat dissipation is enhanced by microchannels. It has efficient heat dissipation performance, and in the process of battery discharge and heat generation, the heat dissipation of each monomer has a certain degree of independence.

[0043] The heat dissipation principle of the serpentine liquid cooling channel is as follows: during operation, since the battery cell is surrounded by a phase change material, the heat generated by the charge and discharge process is absorbed by the phase change material. Due to the latent heat storage properties of the phase change material, the battery cell temperature can be controlled within a certain range. By selecting a phase change material with an appropriate thermal conductivity, the absorbed heat is transferred to the serpentine liquid cooling channel. The liquid coolant (a liquid with good thermal conductivity, such as water or ethylene glycol) is introduced into the serpentine liquid cooling channel tube through the external force of a water pump. The liquid coolant flows along the tube, thereby removing heat and achieving heat dissipation.

[0044] Among them, the specific principles of liquid cooling cycle are as follows:

[0045] The water pump uses external force to pump the liquid cooling medium into the water inlet, and then enters the serpentine liquid cooling channel. The liquid cooling medium flows downward along the tortuous channel, while taking away the heat absorbed by the phase change material. The liquid cooling medium then enters the cavity of the liquid cooling medium storage chamber, and finally is discharged into the heat exchanger from the water outlet of the liquid cooling medium storage chamber. After heat exchange and cooling in the heat exchanger, it is pumped back into the water pump, thus forming a cycle. Figure 4 In the upper part, the arrow pointing from the heat exchanger to the water inlet through the water pump represents the inflow of cold water, and the arrow pointing from the outlet of the liquid cooling water tank to the heat exchanger represents the inflow of hot water.

[0046] In this embodiment, the phase-change material is a magnetic nanocomposite PCM, consisting of a magnetic phase-change matrix and a porous metal carrier. When a transverse magnetic field is applied, the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic phase-change matrix align along the magnetic flux lines to form a chain-like structure, thereby disturbing the fluid boundary layer. The magnetic phase-change matrix is ​​paraffin wax-doped with magnetic nanoparticles, uniformly doped in the wax, while the porous metal carrier provides support and enhances its thermal conductivity. When the battery heats up, the heat is transferred to the magnetic nanocomposite PCM, which absorbs latent heat, slowing the temperature rise, and then conducts the heat to the serpentine liquid cooling channels in close contact with it. In this process, the application of a transverse magnetic field not only disturbs the fluid boundary layer, increasing turbulence intensity and wall heat transfer coefficient, but also enhances heat transfer. Forced convection within the flow channel by the magnetic nanofluid removes heat, achieving efficient heat dissipation.

[0047] Example 3:

[0048] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the layered pressure cabin shell is divided into an inner and outer layer, the inner layer is a thermal management functional layer, and the outer layer is a pressure-resistant protective layer. The top of the liquid-cooling medium storage cavity is sealed by a box cover, and the interior is hollowed out to place a honeycomb-arranged battery pack. The upper and lower ends of the battery pack are respectively provided with an insulating upper cover and an insulating lower cover. An epoxy resin film and a busbar are also provided between the insulating upper cover and the battery pack, and the epoxy plate wraps the four walls of the battery pack. Among them, the liquid cooling medium storage chamber and the battery pack are integrated into a design, so that when the battery pack works at low temperature, it can block the external cold water temperature and maintain the internal temperature of the battery pack; the positive / negative electrode interface is used to connect the power supply to charge the battery or transmit power to the outside when the battery is working; the bus is used to simplify the series and parallel connection method between batteries; the epoxy resin film, insulating upper cover and insulating lower cover are all to ensure insulation and improve safety; in addition, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer material (ABS) is inside and the epoxy plate is outside, wrapping the battery module with a "double-layer sandwich" structure to improve its overall strength and impact resistance. Under impact load, the battery pack can enter the uniform load stage faster, forming double protection. When water enters the external box due to damage or the liquid cooling plate leaks, it absorbs liquid and fully protects the battery pack.

[0049] Based on Example 1, further description is given below:

[0050] In Example 1, the magnetostrictive drive unit is capable of disturbing the liquid-cooling medium in the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber when the battery pack generates heat. Specifically, the magnetostrictive drive unit is disposed adjacent to the bottom end of the layered pressure chamber shell. When the battery pack generates heat, the heat is transferred to the magnetron PCM layer via a temperature gradient. The magnetic composite PCM within the magnetron PCM layer absorbs the heat and undergoes a phase change, expanding and deforming. The pressure generated by this expansion is transferred to the linear piston mechanism, triggering its displacement. This compresses the air chamber and the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber simultaneously, causing disturbances in the liquid-cooling medium within.

[0051] To further enhance the heat exchange effect, the magnetic composite PCM filled in the magnetically controlled PCM layer includes magnetic nanoparticles, a phase change material matrix, and a magnetic filler, wherein the phase change material matrix is ​​paraffin and the magnetic filler is Terfenol-D.

[0052] It's worth noting that, outside the system, an external magnetic field is applied to induce directional alignment of the magnetic nanoparticles within the magnetic composite PCM. This enhances particle dispersion and improves thermal conductivity at high temperatures, while a transverse magnetic field is applied to form a chain-like structure in the particles at low temperatures, promoting efficient mechanical stress transfer. This embodiment utilizes a magnetic field-enhanced heat transfer mechanism, utilizing a directional magnetic field to manipulate the flow of the nanofluid, enhance turbulent flow, and improve wall heat transfer efficiency. This addresses the uneven heat dissipation problem caused by dead zones in traditional liquid cooling systems, achieving efficient heat dissipation and optimized temperature uniformity.

[0053] Based on the above technical solution, this embodiment also provides a method for using a thermal management system for an island energy storage battery based on a magnetostrictive driven pressure chamber, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1, heat generation;

[0055] The heat generated by battery charging and discharging is transferred to the magnetically controlled PCM layer through the temperature gradient. The magnetic composite PCM inside absorbs the heat and expands, triggering the deformation of the air cabin.

[0056] S2, heat transfer;

[0057] The pressure deformation will drive the compressed liquid cooling medium storage chamber to start the liquid cooling cycle; at the same time, the external magnetic field will synchronously regulate the thermal conductivity and flow state of the nanofluid.

[0058] S3, heat dissipation;

[0059] The liquid cooling medium in the serpentine liquid cooling channel carries heat to the external heat exchanger through forced convection, thereby discharging the heat out of the system.

[0060] S4, feedback regulation;

[0061] The distributed sensor network in the battery management system collects temperature, pressure, and flow data in real time. The control unit in the battery management system dynamically adjusts the magnetic field strength, liquid cooling flow rate, and drive piston stroke to maintain the thermal balance of the system.

[0062] In the above step S4, when the battery pack is operating normally and the temperature is too low as 40°C, the system is in passive mode, relying on the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material itself and the low-flow rate circulation of liquid cooling to maintain the battery temperature; when the battery temperature rises to 40°C or above or the temperature difference exceeds 3°C, the system automatically switches to active mode, telescopically driving the magnetically controlled PCM layer to increase the pressure, speed up the liquid cooling circulation speed, and simultaneously turn on the external magnetic field to improve the heat dissipation efficiency; when the ambient temperature is too low, reaching -20°C or below, the system enters low-temperature mode, mechanically driving and forcibly starting liquid cooling, the magnetically controlled PCM layer releases latent heat, and the external magnetic field induces particle friction to generate heat, ensuring the normal operation of the system in a low-temperature environment.

[0063] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for island energy storage batteries based on a magnetostrictive driven pressure chamber, comprising a battery management system, characterized in that: Also included are a layered pressure capsule housing and a magnetostrictive drive unit; A layered pressure chamber housing having a battery pack consisting of a plurality of cells, wherein the battery pack is stored in a liquid cooling medium storage chamber, and the liquid cooling medium storage chamber is provided at the bottom end of the layered pressure chamber housing; The magnetostrictive drive unit includes a magnetically controlled PCM layer, a linear piston mechanism, and an air capsule. The magnetically controlled PCM layer is connected to the air capsule via the linear piston mechanism. The battery thermal management system converts mechanical energy generated by the expansion of the phase change material into liquid-cooled driving power. The magnetostrictive drive unit can disturb the liquid-cooling medium in the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber when the battery pack generates heat.

2. The island energy storage battery thermal management system based on magnetostrictive drive pressure cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the battery core is wrapped by a phase change material, and the phase change material is a cylindrical structure. Its cavity wall is provided with a serpentine liquid cooling channel. The serpentine liquid cooling channel is distributed in a serpentine and circuitous manner, one end of which is connected to the water inlet, and the other end is connected to the liquid cooling medium storage cavity.

3. The island energy storage battery thermal management system based on magnetostrictive drive pressure cabin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump uses external force to pump the liquid cooling medium into the water inlet, and then enters the serpentine liquid cooling channel. The liquid cooling medium flows downward along the tortuous channel, and at the same time takes away the heat absorbed by the phase change material. The liquid cooling medium then enters the cavity of the liquid cooling medium storage chamber, and is finally discharged into the heat exchanger from the water outlet of the liquid cooling medium storage chamber. After heat exchange and cooling in the heat exchanger, it is pumped in again by the water pump, thus forming a cycle.

4. The island energy storage battery thermal management system based on magnetostrictive driven pressure chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase change material is a magnetic nanocomposite PCM, which consists of a magnetic phase change matrix and a porous metal carrier. When a transverse magnetic field is applied, the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic phase change matrix can be arranged along the direction of the magnetic flux lines to form a chain structure, thereby disturbing the fluid boundary layer.

5. The island energy storage battery thermal management system based on magnetostrictive driven pressure chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layered pressure cabin shell is divided into an inner and outer layer. The inner layer is a thermal management functional layer, and the outer layer is a pressure-resistant protective layer. The top of the liquid-cooling medium storage cavity is sealed by a box cover, and the interior is hollowed out to place a honeycomb-arranged battery pack. The upper and lower ends of the battery pack are respectively provided with an insulating upper cover and an insulating lower cover. An epoxy resin film and a bus are also provided between the insulating upper cover and the battery pack, and the epoxy board wraps the four walls of the battery pack.

6. The island energy storage battery thermal management system based on magnetostrictive driven pressure chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetostrictive drive unit can disturb the liquid-cooling medium in the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber when the battery pack generates heat. Specifically, the magnetostrictive drive unit is disposed adjacent to the bottom end of the layered pressure chamber shell. When the battery pack generates heat, the heat is transferred to the magnetron PCM layer via a temperature gradient. The magnetic composite PCM within the magnetron PCM layer absorbs the heat and undergoes a phase change, expanding and deforming. The pressure generated by this expansion is transferred to the linear piston mechanism, triggering its displacement. This compresses the air chamber and the liquid-cooling medium storage chamber simultaneously, causing disturbances in the liquid-cooling medium within.

7. The island energy storage battery thermal management system based on magnetostrictive driven pressure chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnetic composite PCM filled in the magnetron PCM layer includes magnetic nanoparticles, a phase change material matrix and magnetic fillers.

8. The island energy storage battery thermal management system based on magnetostrictive driven pressure chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that: Outside the system, an external magnetic field is applied to induce the directional arrangement of magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic composite PCM, enhancing the particle dispersion to improve thermal conductivity under high-temperature conditions, and applying a transverse magnetic field under low-temperature conditions to cause the particles to form a chain structure to promote the efficiency of mechanical stress transfer.

9. A method for using the battery thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Heat generation: The heat generated by battery charging and discharging is transferred to the magnetically controlled PCM layer through the temperature gradient. The magnetic composite PCM inside absorbs the heat and expands, triggering the deformation of the air chamber. S2, heat transfer; pressure deformation drives the compressed liquid cooling medium storage chamber, starting the liquid cooling cycle; at the same time, the external magnetic field synchronously regulates the thermal conductivity and the flow state of the nanofluid; S3, heat dissipation: The liquid cooling medium in the serpentine liquid cooling channel carries the heat to the external heat exchanger through forced convection, thereby dissipating the heat outside the system; S4. Feedback regulation: The distributed sensor network in the battery management system collects temperature, pressure, and flow data in real time. The control unit in the battery management system dynamically adjusts the magnetic field strength, liquid cooling flow rate, and drive piston stroke to maintain the thermal balance of the system.

10. The method for using a battery thermal management system according to claim 9, characterized in that In step S4, when the battery pack is operating normally and the temperature is too low as 40°C, the system is in passive mode, relying on the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material itself and the low-flow rate circulation of liquid cooling to maintain the battery temperature; when the battery temperature rises to 40°C or above or the temperature difference exceeds 3°C, the system automatically switches to active mode, telescopically drives the magnetically controlled PCM layer to increase the pressure, speeds up the liquid cooling circulation speed, and simultaneously turns on the external magnetic field to improve the heat dissipation efficiency; when the ambient temperature is too low, reaching -20°C or below, the system enters low-temperature mode, mechanically drives the liquid cooling to be forced to start, the magnetically controlled PCM layer releases latent heat, and the external magnetic field induces particle friction to generate heat, ensuring that the system operates normally in a low-temperature environment.

Images