Multi-channel waveguide cooperatively regulated and controlled by synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-channel waveguide cooperatively regulated and controlled by a synthetic magnetic field and a real magnetic field, relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and is used for solving the technical problems that the quality of signal transmission is reduced and the actual signal transmission requirement cannot be met due to noise interference in a complex environment in the existing electromagnetic wave modulation technology. According to the multi-channel waveguide cooperatively regulated and controlled by the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field, the multi-channel waveguide is formed through a plurality of strain structures; the multi-channel waveguide comprises a straight waveguide and an inclined waveguide, and is provided with a signal excitation port and a signal output port; wherein the gyromagnetic photonic crystal primitive cells in the strain structure are arranged according to a honeycomb lattice structure to form a first gyromagnetic photonic crystal, a second gyromagnetic photonic crystal and a third gyromagnetic photonic crystal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a multi-channel waveguide in which a synthetic magnetic field and a real magnetic field are coordinated and controlled. Background Art

[0002] Existing wireless communication technologies are booming. Electromagnetic waves, as the primary carrier of information transmission, offer advantages such as wide coverage and flexible deployment. The continuous evolution of technologies such as 5G / 6G and intelligent sensing is placing higher demands on the transmission speed and anti-interference capabilities of wireless communications.

[0003] In the fields of electromagnetic wave modulation and wireless communications, recent developments in topological photonics have yielded remarkable research results. Boundary states in topological photonic insulators are topologically protected, resulting in improved robustness compared to traditional photonic crystals. Gyromagnetic photonic crystals were the first structures used to realize topological photonic states. External real magnetic fields break the time reversal symmetry of photonic crystals, resulting in the emergence of chiral and antichiral boundary states. However, existing electromagnetic wave modulation technologies are susceptible to noise interference in complex environments, resulting in a degradation of signal transmission quality and failing to meet practical signal transmission requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a multi-channel waveguide that coordinates the control of synthetic and real magnetic fields. This approach addresses the technical problem that existing electromagnetic wave modulation technologies face noise interference in complex environments, resulting in reduced signal transmission quality and an inability to meet practical signal transmission requirements. In view of this, the present invention achieves this goal through the following solution.

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-channel waveguide that is coordinated with a synthetic magnetic field and a real magnetic field. The multi-channel waveguide is formed by multiple strain structures. The multi-channel waveguide includes a straight waveguide and an inclined waveguide, and is provided with a signal excitation port and a signal output port. The gyromagnetic photonic crystal primitive cells in the strain structure are arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure to form a first gyromagnetic photonic crystal, a second gyromagnetic photonic crystal and a third gyromagnetic photonic crystal.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, in the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention, which is coordinated with the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field, a multi-channel waveguide in the form of a straight waveguide and an oblique waveguide is formed according to a plurality of strain structures, and the multi-channel waveguide is provided with a signal excitation port and a signal output port; for the above-mentioned strain structure, the gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cells in the strain structure are limited to be arranged according to a honeycomb lattice structure to form a first gyromagnetic photonic crystal, a second gyromagnetic photonic crystal and a third gyromagnetic photonic crystal. The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention utilizes the transmission properties of the topological boundary state of backscattering suppression and defect immunity to obtain a gyromagnetic photonic crystal multi-channel waveguide based on topological photonics. The multi-channel waveguide structure can control the distribution ratio of electromagnetic waves in different channels under different external magnetic fields, and has excellent characteristics such as high integration, anti-backscattering, high sensitivity and high degree of control freedom while significantly improving the signal transmission quality; further, the above-mentioned gyromagnetic photonic crystal can be made of the magneto-optical material yttrium iron garnet The materials used are low-cost and easy to machine. Compared to traditional structures that use coils to apply magnetic fields, this solution uses permanent magnets to bias the magnetization of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal column, and can precisely control the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at each lattice position of the photonic crystal. This technical solution solves the technical problem that existing electromagnetic wave modulation technologies face noise interference in complex environments, resulting in reduced signal transmission quality and an inability to meet actual signal transmission requirements.

[0007] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field of the present invention, the strain structure includes a first strain structure, a second strain structure, a third strain structure, and a fourth strain structure; the straight waveguide includes a first straight waveguide, a second straight waveguide, a third straight waveguide, a fourth straight waveguide, a fifth straight waveguide, and a sixth straight waveguide; A first straight waveguide is formed by the third strain structure and the fourth strain structure; a second straight waveguide is formed by the first strain structure and the second strain structure; the first strain structure is provided with a third straight waveguide; the third strain structure is provided with a fourth straight waveguide; the second strain structure is provided with a fifth straight waveguide; and the fourth strain structure is provided with a sixth straight waveguide.

[0008] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field of the present invention, the slanted waveguide includes a first slanted waveguide and a second slanted waveguide; A first slant waveguide is formed by the first strained structure and the third strained structure; and a second slant waveguide is formed by the second strained structure and the fourth strained structure.

[0009] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field of the present invention, the signal output port includes a first signal output port, a second signal output port, a third signal output port, a fourth signal output port, a fifth signal output port, and a sixth signal output port; The first straight waveguide is provided with the signal excitation port; the third straight waveguide is provided with a first signal output port; the second straight waveguide is provided with a second signal output port; the fifth straight waveguide is provided with a third signal output port; the fourth straight waveguide is provided with a fourth signal output port; and the sixth straight waveguide is provided with a fifth signal output port.

[0010] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention in which the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field are coordinated and controlled, the gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cell contains two sublattices; The magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal are both positive, the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal are both negative, and the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal are one positive and one negative.

[0011] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention in which the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field are coordinated and controlled, the first strain structure and / or the second strain structure are maintained unchanged in the x-direction translation by the honeycomb lattice of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal, and are constructed and determined by linear gradient deformation in the y-direction; And / or, the third strain structure and / or the fourth strain structure is determined by linearly gradient deformation of honeycomb lattices in the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal and the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal along the y direction and periodic arrangement along the x direction.

[0012] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention in which the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field are coordinated and controlled, in the first strained structure, the second strained structure, the third strained structure and / or the fourth strained structure, the lattice side length of each layer of the lattice after deformation is: ;in, represents the side length of the nth layer of lattice after deformation, represents the lattice side length before deformation, and , represents the lattice constant, represents the deformation of the lattice, and = 0 when the lattice is stretched. = 1 when the lattice is compressed. Represents the rate of change of lattice deformation.

[0013] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention in which the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field are coordinated and controlled, for the first strained structure, the second strained structure, the third strained structure and / or the fourth strained structure, the width of each strained structure in the y direction is: , the total length in the x direction is 22a; where, represents the lattice constant, and m represents the total number of lattice layers of the strained structure.

[0014] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention in which the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field are coordinated and controlled, the side length of the top lattice of the first strained structure and / or the second strained structure in the y direction is: ;in, represents the side length of the top lattice in the y direction, Represents the lattice edge length before deformation.

[0015] Furthermore, in the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention in which the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field are coordinated and controlled, the side length of the underlying lattice of the first strained structure and / or the second strained structure in the y direction is: ;in, represents the side length of the underlying lattice in the y direction, Represents the lattice edge length before deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy bands of the unit cell of the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal with two sublattice magnetization directions being positive and the unit cell after being stretched and compressed; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the energy bands of the unit cell of the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal with two sublattices having opposite magnetization directions and the unit cell after being stretched and compressed; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the projected energy bands of the first strained structure and the second strained structure in the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the projected energy bands of the third strain structure and the fourth strain structure in the present invention; Figure 6 This is the electric field distribution diagram of the multi-channel waveguide composed of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal in the present invention at a frequency of 9.145 GHz; Figure 7 1 is the transmission curve at the signal output ports of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal multi-channel waveguide P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0019] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0020] In the fields of electromagnetic wave modulation and wireless communications, recent developments in topological photonics have yielded remarkable research results. Boundary states in topological photonic insulators are topologically protected, resulting in improved robustness compared to traditional photonic crystals. Gyromagnetic photonic crystals were the first structures used to realize topological photonic states. External real magnetic fields break the time reversal symmetry of photonic crystals, resulting in the emergence of chiral and antichiral boundary states. However, existing electromagnetic wave modulation technologies are susceptible to noise interference in complex environments, resulting in a degradation of signal transmission quality and failing to meet practical signal transmission requirements.

[0021] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-channel waveguide that is coordinated with a synthetic magnetic field and a real magnetic field. The multi-channel waveguide is formed by multiple strain structures. The multi-channel waveguide includes a straight waveguide and an inclined waveguide, and is provided with a signal excitation port and a signal output port. The gyromagnetic photonic crystal primitive cells in the strain structure are arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure to form a first gyromagnetic photonic crystal, a second gyromagnetic photonic crystal and a third gyromagnetic photonic crystal.

[0022] When the above technical solution is adopted, in the multi-channel waveguide of the present invention in which the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field are coordinated and regulated, a multi-channel waveguide in the form of a straight waveguide and an oblique waveguide is formed according to a plurality of strain structures, and the multi-channel waveguide is provided with a signal excitation port and a signal output port; for the above strain structure, the gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cells in the strain structure are limited to be arranged according to a honeycomb lattice structure to form a first gyromagnetic photonic crystal, a second gyromagnetic photonic crystal and a third gyromagnetic photonic crystal. The above technical solution of the present invention utilizes the transmission properties of the topological boundary state of backscattering suppression and defect immunity to obtain a gyromagnetic photonic crystal multi-channel waveguide based on topological photonics. The multi-channel waveguide structure can control the distribution ratio of electromagnetic waves in different channels under different external magnetic fields, and has excellent characteristics such as high integration, anti-backscattering, high sensitivity and high degree of control freedom while significantly improving the signal transmission quality; further, the above gyromagnetic photonic crystal can be made of the magneto-optical material yttrium iron garnet The materials used are low-cost and easy to machine. Compared to traditional structures that use coils to apply magnetic fields, this solution uses permanent magnets to bias the magnetization of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal column, and can precisely control the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at each lattice position of the photonic crystal. This technical solution solves the technical problem that existing electromagnetic wave modulation technologies face noise interference in complex environments, resulting in reduced signal transmission quality and an inability to meet actual signal transmission requirements.

[0023] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0024] Example 1 This embodiment provides a multi-channel waveguide that is coordinated with the synthetic magnetic field and the real magnetic field, and the multi-channel waveguide is formed by multiple strain structures; the multi-channel waveguide includes a straight waveguide and an inclined waveguide, and is provided with a signal excitation port and a signal output port; wherein, the gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cells in the strain structure are arranged according to a honeycomb lattice structure to form a first gyromagnetic photonic crystal, a second gyromagnetic photonic crystal and a third gyromagnetic photonic crystal.

[0025] Furthermore, the strain structure includes a first strain structure, a second strain structure, a third strain structure and a fourth strain structure; the straight waveguide includes a first straight waveguide, a second straight waveguide, a third straight waveguide, a fourth straight waveguide, a fifth straight waveguide and a sixth straight waveguide; the first straight waveguide is formed by the third strain structure and the fourth strain structure; the second straight waveguide is formed by the first strain structure and the second strain structure; the first strain structure is provided with a third straight waveguide; the third strain structure is provided with a fourth straight waveguide; the second strain structure is provided with a fifth straight waveguide; and the fourth strain structure is provided with a sixth straight waveguide.

[0026] Furthermore, the slant waveguide includes a first slant waveguide and a second slant waveguide; the first slant waveguide is formed by the first strain structure and the third strain structure; and the second slant waveguide is formed by the second strain structure and the fourth strain structure.

[0027] Furthermore, the signal output port includes a first signal output port, a second signal output port, a third signal output port, a fourth signal output port, a fifth signal output port and a sixth signal output port; the first straight waveguide is provided with the signal excitation port; the third straight waveguide is provided with a first signal output port; the second straight waveguide is provided with a second signal output port; the fifth straight waveguide is provided with a third signal output port; the fourth straight waveguide is provided with a fourth signal output port; and the sixth straight waveguide is provided with a fifth signal output port.

[0028] Furthermore, the gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cell contains two sublattices; the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal are both positive, the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal are both negative, and the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal are one positive and one negative.

[0029] Furthermore, the first strain structure and / or the second strain structure are determined by maintaining the x-direction translation unchanged through the honeycomb lattice of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal and linearly gradient deforming in the y-direction; the third strain structure and / or the fourth strain structure are determined by linearly gradient deforming the honeycomb lattices in the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal and the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal along the y-direction and periodically arranging along the x-direction.

[0030] Furthermore, in the first strain structure, the second strain structure, the third strain structure and / or the fourth strain structure, the lattice side length of each layer of the lattice after deformation is: ;in, represents the side length of the nth layer of lattice after deformation, represents the lattice side length before deformation, and , represents the lattice constant, represents the deformation of the lattice, and = 0 when the lattice is stretched. = 1 when the lattice is compressed. represents the rate of change of lattice deformation; for the first strain structure, the second strain structure, the third strain structure and / or the fourth strain structure, the width of each strain structure in the y direction is: , the total length in the x direction is 22a; where, represents the lattice constant, and m represents the total number of lattice layers of the strained structure.

[0031] Furthermore, the side length of the top lattice of the first strained structure and / or the second strained structure in the y direction is: ;in, represents the side length of the top lattice in the y direction, represents the side length of the lattice before deformation; the side length of the underlying lattice of the first strained structure and / or the second strained structure in the y direction is: ;in, represents the side length of the underlying lattice in the y direction, Represents the lattice edge length before deformation.

[0032] Example 2 See also Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment provides a multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of a synthetic magnetic field and a real magnetic field. The multi-channel waveguide is formed by a first strain structure, a second strain structure, a third strain structure, and a fourth strain structure. The multi-channel waveguide includes a straight waveguide channel a for inputting electromagnetic wave signals, an upward oblique waveguide channel b1, a downward oblique waveguide channel b3, and five straight waveguide channels c1, c2, c3, c4, and b2 for outputting electromagnetic wave signals. The gyromagnetic photonic crystal units in the strain structure are arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure to form a first gyromagnetic photonic crystal, a second gyromagnetic photonic crystal, and a third gyromagnetic photonic crystal. The lattice constant a of the honeycomb lattice is 10 mm. The multi-channel waveguide is provided with a signal excitation port and a signal output port.

[0033] Furthermore, an electromagnetic wave signal input straight waveguide channel a is formed by the third strain structure and the fourth strain structure; an electromagnetic wave signal output straight waveguide channel b2 is formed by the first strain structure and the second strain structure; the first strain structure is provided with an electromagnetic wave signal output straight waveguide channel c1, the third strain structure is provided with an electromagnetic wave signal output straight waveguide channel c2, the second strain structure is provided with an electromagnetic wave signal output straight waveguide channel c3, and the fourth strain structure is provided with an electromagnetic wave signal output straight waveguide channel c4. An oblique upward waveguide channel b1 is formed by the first strain structure and the third strain structure; and an oblique downward waveguide channel b3 is formed by the second strain structure and the fourth strain structure.

[0034] Furthermore, the signal output ports include a first signal output port P1, a second signal output port P2, a third signal output port P3, a fourth signal output port P4, a fifth signal output port P5 and a sixth signal output port P6; and the straight waveguide channel a is provided with a signal excitation port; the straight waveguide channel c1 is provided with a first signal output port P1; the straight waveguide channel b2 is provided with a second signal output port P2; the straight waveguide channel c3 is provided with a third signal output port P3; the straight waveguide channel c2 is provided with a fourth signal output port P4; and the straight waveguide channel c4 is provided with a fifth signal output port P5.

[0035] Further, see Figure 1 The lattice of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal contains two sublattices. There is a cylinder with a radius of r=1.5mm on each sublattice point. The cylinder consists of three parts. The top and bottom layers are permanent magnets with a height of d1=3.6mm, and the material is SmCo; the middle layer is yttrium iron garnet with a radius of r=1.5mm and a height of d2=5mm; under the magnetization bias of the permanent magnet, an adjustable real magnetic field B0 along the z direction is applied to the cylindrical yttrium iron garnet at each lattice point; various parameters of the photonic crystal can be freely adjusted according to the actual operating frequency of the multi-channel waveguide; the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal are both positive, that is, the real magnetic field +B0; the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal are both negative, that is, the real magnetic field -B0; the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal are one positive and one negative, that is, the real magnetic fields +B0 and -B0.

[0036] The first strain structure and the second strain structure are constructed by the honeycomb lattice of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal maintaining the translation invariance in the x direction and linear gradient deformation in the y direction; under the action of deformation, a synthetic magnetic field +Bs along the +z direction is generated in the first strain structure, and a synthetic magnetic field -Bs along the -z direction is generated in the second strain structure; the third strain structure and the fourth strain structure are constructed by the honeycomb lattice in the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal and the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal maintaining the translation invariance in the x direction and linear gradient deformation in the y direction; under the action of deformation, a synthetic magnetic field +Bs along the +z direction is generated in the third strain structure, and a synthetic magnetic field -Bs along the -z direction is generated in the fourth strain structure.

[0037] Furthermore, in the first strained structure, the second strained structure, the third strained structure and / or the fourth strained structure, the lattice side length of each layer of the lattice after deformation is: ;in, represents the side length of the nth layer of lattice after deformation, represents the lattice side length before deformation, and , represents the lattice constant, represents the deformation of the lattice, and = 0 when the lattice is stretched. = 1 when the lattice is compressed. represents the rate of change of lattice deformation; for the first strain structure, the second strain structure, the third strain structure and / or the fourth strain structure, the width of each strain structure in the y direction is: , the total length in the x direction is 22a; where, represents the lattice constant, m represents the total number of lattice layers of the strained structure; the side length of the top lattice of the first strained structure and / or the second strained structure in the y direction is: ;in, represents the side length of the top lattice in the y direction, represents the side length of the lattice before deformation; the side length of the underlying lattice of the first strain structure and / or the second strain structure in the y direction is: ;in, represents the side length of the underlying lattice in the y direction, Represents the lattice edge length before deformation.

[0038] Furthermore, metal materials in the microwave and terahertz bands can be set as perfect conductors in numerical simulation calculations, and the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal can be considered to have no loss; the background material is air, whose relative dielectric constant and magnetic permeability are 1. The magneto-optical material yttrium iron garnet crystal in the gyromagnetic photonic crystal has a relative magnetic permeability of 1. When an external magnetic field is applied to it, the gyromagnetic anisotropy it produces makes the magnetic permeability become a tensor, expressed as: ;in, represents the tensor permeability, represents the diagonal components of the tensor permeability, and , represents the imaginary part of an imaginary number, represents the parameter that determines the magnitude of the damped precession, represents the off-diagonal components of the tensor permeability, and =γB0, =γM s , represents the Larmor precession frequency of the material, represents the saturation magnetization frequency of the material, γ represents the gyromagnetic ratio, and γ = 2.8MHz / Oe (1Oe = 79.578A / m), B0 represents the external magnetic field strength, represents the saturation magnetization frequency of the material, Ms represents the saturation magnetization intensity, Indicates the operating frequency.

[0039] Furthermore, the theoretical basis of the present invention is as follows: 1. Haldane proposed a tight-binding model for a graphene-like hexagonal lattice. This Haldane model is a topological Chern insulator with a quantum anomalous Hall effect, i.e., it exhibits topologically protected chiral boundary state transport properties. The effective Hamiltonian of the Haldane model is: ,in, represents the effective Hamiltonian, represents the reduced Planck constant, represents the group velocity near the Dirac point, represents the pseudo-spin operator, yes The identity matrix, represents the jump energy of the next-nearest-neighbor transition, and , represents the transition between sublattice next-nearest neighbors, represents the phase of the next-nearest-neighbor transition, express Class next nearest neighbor, =1(-1), indicating K(K') valley, express Class next nearest neighbor, , Describing the pseudospin of the sublattice, is the momentum relative to the Dirac point. The Haldane model can be implemented in photonic systems by applying an external magnetic field with the same magnetization direction to the top triangular sublattices of the honeycomb lattice of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal. The direction of the external magnetic field will break the time reversal symmetry of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal, causing the degeneracy of the first and second bands in the band structure of the photonic crystal at the Dirac points K and K' to open, forming a band gap, in which two chiral edge states with opposite directions exist. When an external magnetic field with opposite magnetization directions is applied to the top triangular sublattices of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal, the first and second bands in the band structure of the photonic crystal remain degenerate at the Dirac points K and K', but the photonic bands are tilted, and the antichiral edge states in the gyromagnetic photonic crystal are transmitted in the same direction at the upper and lower edges.

[0040] 2. By applying uniaxial lattice deformation to the gyromagnetic photonic crystal, the degenerate Dirac point in momentum space moves in the Brillouin zone along the K'-K direction, generating a vector potential gauge field, thereby generating a uniform pseudomagnetic field along the direction in the structure. The effective vector potential is equal to the change in the Dirac point wave vector, that is, ,in, represents the effective vector potential, represents the change in wave vector; strong pseudomagnetic fields transform linear Dirac cones into discrete Landau energy levels. Synthetic pseudomagnetic fields in photonic crystals can control the transmission of electromagnetic waves just like real magnetic fields. The pseudomagnetic fields have opposite directions in two unequal energy valleys, without breaking the time reversal symmetry. When lattice deformation is applied to a gyromagnetic photonic crystal with a real magnetic field applied, the real magnetic field couples with the synthetic pseudomagnetic field, and the total magnetic field directions in the two energy valleys are superimposed. The Hamiltonian of the system is then: ,in, is the vector potential. The interaction between the two magnetic fields deforms the boundary state dispersion curve. While maintaining the transmission of chiral and antichiral boundary states, the pseudomagnetic field in the gyromagnetic photonic crystal causes uneven energy distribution at the upper and lower boundaries.

[0041] Further, see Figures 1 to 7 , the following will be combined Figures 1 to 7 Further explain the technical solution of the present invention; Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an implementation case of the present invention; wherein, 1 represents the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cell after the two sublattices of the photonic crystal are subjected to gradient deformation along the y direction after applying a positive magnetization direction, the lattice constant is a=10mm, the sublattice radius is r=0.15a, and a real magnetic field +B0 is generated along the z direction; 2 represents the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cell after the two sublattices of the photonic crystal are subjected to gradient deformation along the y direction after applying a negative magnetization direction, and a real magnetic field -B0 is generated along the z direction; 3 represents the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cell after the two sublattices of the photonic crystal are subjected to gradient deformation along the y direction after applying a positive and a negative magnetization direction, and a real magnetic field +B0 is generated along the z direction; 4 represents the first strain structure constructed after the lattice of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal remains unchanged in the x direction and is subjected to linear gradient deformation in the y direction, and a synthetic magnetic field +B0 is generated along the z direction. s 5 represents the third strain structure constructed by keeping the honeycomb lattice of the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal unchanged in the x direction and performing linear gradient deformation in the y direction, at which time a synthetic magnetic field +B is generated along the z direction. s 6 represents the second strain structure constructed by keeping the honeycomb lattice of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal unchanged in the x direction and performing reverse linear gradient deformation in the y direction, at which time a synthetic magnetic field -B is generated along the z direction. s 7 represents that the honeycomb lattice of the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal remains unchanged in the x direction, and a fourth strain structure is constructed after linear gradient deformation in the y direction, at which time a synthetic magnetic field -B is generated along the z direction. s 8 represents a signal excitation port, P0 represents an incident port of a multi-channel waveguide, P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 represent an exit or output port of a multi-channel waveguide; further, Figure 1 The illustration in the upper middle section shows the structural schematic diagram of the designed gyromagnetic photonic crystal multi-channel waveguide; the illustration in the lower right corner of the structural schematic diagram shows the electromagnetic wave transmission channel of the designed structure, including the input straight waveguide a, the intersection of four strain structure waveguide channels, the upward slanted waveguide b1, the downward slanted waveguide b3, the left output straight waveguide b2, the upper edge left output waveguide c1 and the right output waveguide c2, the lower edge left output waveguide c3 and the right output waveguide c4; 20 is a three-dimensional geometric image of the gyromagnetic photonic crystal, and the upper cylinder of the honeycomb lattice is composed of a SomC permanent magnet with a diameter of d1=3.6mm and a yttrium iron garnet with a diameter of d2=5mm.

[0042] Furthermore, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The figure shows the energy band diagram of the honeycomb hexagonal lattice gyromagnetic photonic crystal. Figure 2 and Figure 3The left figure is a schematic diagram of the linear gradient deformation of the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal and the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal in the y direction; the right figure has the abscissa as the high symmetry points Г, М and Х in the Brillouin zone, and the ordinate as the frequency in GHz; Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when a positive magnetization direction is applied to the two sublattices of the honeycomb lattice, the degeneracy of the Dirac points K' and K points is broken, causing the first energy band and the second energy band to separate from each other, resulting in a large band gap. When stress is applied to the structure to cause lattice deformation, the frequencies of the energy valleys at K' and K increase and decrease while moving along the K-K' direction. When opposite magnetization directions are applied to the two sublattices of the unit cell; as shown in the figure, Figure 3 As shown in Figure 1, the first and second degenerate bands are not open, but the Dirac frequency shifts upward and downward, and the band structure tilts, losing its symmetry about the high symmetry point M. After the lattice is deformed, its degenerate Dirac point moves along the K-K' direction.

[0043] Further, in Figure 4 By combining the first strain structure I and the first strain structure II, the projected energy band diagram of the structure can be calculated; its abscissa represents the wave vector k x , the vertical axis represents the frequency. The first strain structure I and the first strain structure II have opposite gradient lattice deformations, so they have antiparallel pseudomagnetic fields and their sublattices are magnetized in the same direction. Combining the first strain structure I and the first strain structure II, three chiral boundary state dispersion curves are generated in the band gap of their projected energy bands, with a frequency range of 9.1-9.35GHz. This combined structure has three boundary state transmission channels, upper, middle and lower, which can realize the simultaneous transmission of electromagnetic wave signals to the left. However, due to the deformation of the chiral boundary state dispersion curves, the transmission ratios of the three channels will change. Furthermore, Figure 5 The projected energy band diagram of the combination of the third strain structure III and the fourth strain structure IV is described. The third strain structure III and the fourth strain structure IV have gradient transformations in opposite directions, so the pseudomagnetic fields they generate are in opposite directions, and their sublattices are magnetized in opposite directions. The combination of the third strain structure III and the fourth strain structure IV produces three antichiral boundary state dispersions in the band gap of their projected energy band, with a frequency range of 9.05-9.35 GHz. This combined structure has three boundary state transmission channels, namely upper, middle and lower, which can realize the simultaneous transmission of electromagnetic wave signals in the upper and lower channels to the right and the middle channel to the left.

[0044] Furthermore, Figure 6 and Figure 7 The figure shows the electric field distribution diagram received by the five ports of the multi-channel waveguide at a frequency of 9.145 GHz when the number of layers n of the strain structure is 7, and the transmission curve diagram of the signals at the five output (or emission) ports P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 when the number of layers is 7; Figure 6is the electric field distribution diagram of the multi-channel waveguide. When a beam of broadband electromagnetic waves is incident on the designed gradient gyromagnetic photonic crystal from the P0 port, the left boundary state straight waveguide channel a is excited and enters the upward waveguide channel b1, the left straight waveguide channel b2, and the downward waveguide channel b3 at the intersection of the four strain structures. The electromagnetic wave entering the waveguide channel b2 will be emitted through the P2 port. The electromagnetic wave transmitted in the b1 waveguide channel will enter the left straight waveguide channel c1 and the right straight waveguide channel c2 after reaching the upper boundary of the designed multi-channel waveguide and will be emitted from the P1 and P4 ports respectively; the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the b2 channel will enter the left straight waveguide channel c3 and the right straight waveguide channel c4 after reaching the lower boundary of the designed multi-channel waveguide and will be emitted from the P3 and P5 ports respectively; the transmission spectra at the five output ports P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 are shown as follows Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The horizontal axis represents the frequency change, and the vertical axis represents the normalized electric field transmittance at the five receiving ports. At 9.15 GHz, the output transmittances at the five ports are almost equal, and equal electromagnetic wave output can be achieved at this frequency.

[0045] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-channel waveguide with coordinated control of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field, characterized in that: A multi-channel waveguide is formed by a plurality of strain structures; the multi-channel waveguide includes a straight waveguide and an inclined waveguide, and is provided with a signal excitation port and a signal output port; The gyromagnetic photonic crystal primitive cells in the strain structure are arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure to form a first gyromagnetic photonic crystal, a second gyromagnetic photonic crystal and a third gyromagnetic photonic crystal.

2. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain structure includes a first strain structure, a second strain structure, a third strain structure and a fourth strain structure; the straight waveguide includes a first straight waveguide, a second straight waveguide, a third straight waveguide, a fourth straight waveguide, a fifth straight waveguide and a sixth straight waveguide; A first straight waveguide is formed by the third strain structure and the fourth strain structure; a second straight waveguide is formed by the first strain structure and the second strain structure; the first strain structure is provided with a third straight waveguide; the third strain structure is provided with a fourth straight waveguide; the second strain structure is provided with a fifth straight waveguide; and the fourth strain structure is provided with a sixth straight waveguide.

3. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slanted waveguide includes a first slanted waveguide and a second slanted waveguide; A first slant waveguide is formed by the first strained structure and the third strained structure; and a second slant waveguide is formed by the second strained structure and the fourth strained structure.

4. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 3, characterized in that: The signal output ports include a first signal output port, a second signal output port, a third signal output port, a fourth signal output port, a fifth signal output port and a sixth signal output port; The first straight waveguide is provided with the signal excitation port; the third straight waveguide is provided with a first signal output port; the second straight waveguide is provided with a second signal output port; the fifth straight waveguide is provided with a third signal output port; the fourth straight waveguide is provided with a fourth signal output port; and the sixth straight waveguide is provided with a fifth signal output port.

5. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gyromagnetic photonic crystal unit cell contains two sublattices; The magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal are both positive, the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal are both negative, and the magnetization directions of the two sublattices of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal are one positive and one negative.

6. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first strain structure and / or the second strain structure are determined by maintaining the x-direction translation of the honeycomb lattice of the third gyromagnetic photonic crystal unchanged and undergoing linear gradient deformation in the y-direction; And / or, the third strain structure and / or the fourth strain structure is determined by linearly gradient deformation of honeycomb lattices in the first gyromagnetic photonic crystal and the second gyromagnetic photonic crystal along the y direction and periodic arrangement along the x direction.

7. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the first strained structure, the second strained structure, the third strained structure and / or the fourth strained structure, the lattice side length of each layer of the lattice after deformation is: ;in, represents the side length of the nth layer of lattice after deformation, represents the lattice side length before deformation, and , represents the lattice constant, represents the deformation of the lattice, and = 0 when the lattice is stretched. = 1 when the lattice is compressed. Represents the rate of change of lattice deformation.

8. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 7, characterized in that: For the first strained structure, the second strained structure, the third strained structure and / or the fourth strained structure, the width of each strained structure in the y direction is: , the total length in the x direction is 22a; where, represents the lattice constant, and m represents the total number of lattice layers of the strained structure.

9. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side length of the top lattice of the first strained structure and / or the second strained structure in the y direction is: ;in, represents the side length of the top lattice in the y direction, Represents the lattice edge length before deformation.

10. The multi-channel waveguide for coordinated regulation of synthetic magnetic field and real magnetic field according to claim 9, characterized in that: The side length of the underlying lattice of the first strained structure and / or the second strained structure in the y direction is: ;in, represents the side length of the underlying lattice in the y direction, Represents the lattice edge length before deformation.

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