Power divider, radio frequency transmitter and radio frequency receiver

Abstract

A power divider, a radio frequency transmitter and a radio frequency receiver are used for reducing the cost of the power divider and reducing the size of the power divider, and the power divider comprises an input port, at least two output ports, a first capacitor, a plurality of isolation modules and impedance matching circuits in one-to-one correspondence with the output ports; the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the input port, and the second end of the first capacitor is grounded; each impedance matching circuit is connected between the first end of the first capacitor and the corresponding output port; each isolation module is connected between two adjacent impedance matching circuits and is used for realizing signal isolation between the output ports respectively connected with the two adjacent impedance matching circuits; and the first capacitor and each impedance matching circuit are used for splitting a signal input by the input port into a plurality of sub-signals and outputting each sub-signal through one corresponding output port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a power divider, a radio frequency transmitter, and a radio frequency receiver. Background Art

[0002] A power divider can distribute the power of one signal to two or more ports and realize the splitting and merging of multiple electrical signals. It is an indispensable functional unit in microwave engineering and RF circuit design.

[0003] The Wilkinson power divider is a commonly used circuit structure that can distribute the power of a single signal to two ports while maintaining matching conditions at each port and isolating the output ports. Traditional Wilkinson power dividers use a quarter-wavelength transmission line or other device between the input port and each output port to achieve impedance matching between the input and output ports. However, due to the impedance matching requirements of the power divider, these devices are generally large in size, limiting the miniaturization of the power divider and increasing its cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a power divider, a radio frequency transmitter and a radio frequency receiver, which are conducive to the miniaturized design of the power divider.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power divider, which includes an input port, at least two output ports, a first capacitor, a plurality of isolation modules, and an impedance matching circuit corresponding to each output port.

[0006] In which, the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the input port, and the second end of the first capacitor is grounded; each impedance matching circuit is connected between the first end of the first capacitor and the corresponding output port; each isolation module is connected between two adjacent impedance matching circuits, and is used to achieve signal isolation between the output ports respectively connected to the two adjacent impedance matching circuits; the first capacitor and each impedance matching circuit are used to split the signal input from the input port into multiple sub-signals, and output each sub-signal through a corresponding output port.

[0007] Using the above architecture, the first capacitor connected between the input port and each output port and the impedance matching circuit can form an LC filter network, which can serve as an impedance matching device for the output port. Compared with the prior art method of using a single impedance matching circuit as an impedance matching device for an output port, the first capacitor arranged on the input port side and connected to each output port also participates in the impedance matching between the input port and the output port. Therefore, the impedance matching circuit connected to each output port can use a lower-cost and smaller-sized inductor device, thereby reducing the cost of the power divider and reducing the size of the power divider, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the power divider. At the same time, in the integrated circuit, the use of smaller-sized inductor devices in the impedance matching circuit means that the parasitic resistance of the device in the impedance matching circuit is smaller, so the insertion loss of the power divider can be lower.

[0008] In one possible design, each impedance matching circuit includes N impedance matching units, the N impedance matching units being connected in series, the first end of the first impedance matching unit in the N series-connected impedance matching units being connected to the first end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the last impedance matching unit in the N series-connected impedance matching units being connected to the corresponding output port of the impedance matching circuit, where N is greater than or equal to 1. When an impedance matching circuit includes multiple impedance matching units, to ensure that signals do not affect each other when passing through the impedance matching units, each isolation module includes an isolation unit corresponding to each impedance matching unit included in two adjacent impedance matching circuits, each isolation unit being connected between the corresponding two impedance matching units to achieve signal isolation between the corresponding two impedance matching units.

[0009] In one possible design, each impedance matching unit may be an inductive impedance load composed of multiple components. For example, each impedance matching unit may include a T-type low-pass filter network composed of a first inductor, a second inductor, and a second capacitor. In actual design, when an impedance matching circuit has multiple impedance matching units, the components in the impedance matching unit have different connection relationships depending on the position of the impedance matching unit in the impedance matching circuit, as follows:

[0010] If the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor belongs is the first impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor, the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs through other impedance matching units among the N impedance matching units except the first impedance matching unit.

[0011] If the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor belongs is the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor through the other impedance matching units among the N impedance matching units connected in series except the last impedance matching unit, the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs.

[0012] If the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor belongs is any impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series except the first impedance matching unit and the last impedance matching unit, the first end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor through other impedance matching units between the impedance matching unit to which it belongs and the first capacitor, the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs through other impedance matching units between the output ports corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs.

[0013] In a possible design, in order to improve the bandwidth of the power divider, each impedance matching unit further includes a third capacitor connected between the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor.

[0014] In one possible design, each isolation unit includes a first resistor, which serves as an isolation resistor between two impedance matching circuits and is connected between the second ends of the second inductors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units, thereby achieving signal isolation between the two impedance matching units.

[0015] In one possible design, each isolation unit includes a second resistor connected between the first terminals of the second capacitors included in the two corresponding impedance matching units. With this design, because the second resistor is connected at the center of the T-type filter circuit, i.e., the midpoint between the two inductors, a high degree of isolation can be maintained even with a smaller isolation resistor.

[0016] In one possible design, when the T-type low-pass filter network cannot meet the impedance requirements, in addition to the first inductor, second inductor, and second capacitor described above, each impedance matching unit may also include a fourth capacitor and a third inductor. The fourth capacitor, third inductor, first inductor, second inductor, and second capacitor can form a dual-T low-pass filter network, thereby improving the impedance value of the low-pass filter network. In actual applications, when the impedance matching circuit includes multiple impedance matching units, the fourth capacitor and the third inductor have different connection relationships depending on the position of the impedance matching unit in the impedance matching circuit, as follows:

[0017] If the impedance matching unit to which the third inductor belongs is the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, the first end of the third inductor is connected to the second end of the second inductor, and the second end of the third inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs.

[0018] If the impedance matching unit to which the third inductor belongs is any impedance matching unit except the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, the first end of the third inductor is connected to the second end of the second inductor, and the second end of the third inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs through other impedance matching units between the output ports corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs.

[0019] In a possible design, each isolation unit further includes a third resistor, where the third resistor is connected between first ends of fourth capacitors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units.

[0020] In one possible design, each isolation unit further includes a fifth capacitor connected between the second ends of the inductors included in the corresponding two impedance matching units and connected to the next impedance matching unit. With this design, the addition of the first capacitor allows for signal matching in both odd and even modes, thereby ensuring proper matching of the power divider and improving signal isolation in the impedance matching circuit.

[0021] In one possible design, each isolation unit includes a fourth resistor and a sixth capacitor, the fourth resistor and the sixth capacitor are connected in series to form a first branch, and the first branch is connected between the second ends of the inductors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units and connected to the next impedance matching unit.

[0022] In one possible design, each isolation unit includes a fifth resistor and a seventh capacitor, and the fifth resistor and the seventh capacitor are connected in series to form a second branch. In order to reduce the isolation cost of the power divider, the second branch can be connected between the first ends of the second capacitors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units.

[0023] In a possible design, if N is greater than 1, the power divider further includes at least one eighth capacitor, the first end of each eighth capacitor is connected to the connection point between two adjacent impedance matching units, and the second end of each eighth capacitor is grounded. With the above design, when multiple impedance matching units are connected between the input port and the output port of the power divider, an eighth capacitor can also be added to the first end of the impedance matching units other than the first impedance matching unit. The eighth capacitor can perform impedance matching together with the impedance matching unit connected to the rear end. Therefore, the impedance matching unit connected to the rear end of the eighth capacitor can also use a lower cost and smaller specification device, thereby reducing the device cost of the power divider.

[0024] In one possible design, the first inductor and the second inductor in each impedance matching unit can be mutually inductive. By configuring the coupling coefficient between the inductors, the equivalent inductance value of the impedance matching unit can be made to exceed the inductance of the inductor device itself, thereby reducing the device cost of the power divider while improving the bandwidth of the power divider.

[0025] In second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a radio frequency transmitter, which may include a signal source and a power divider provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application and any possible design thereof, wherein the power divider is used to receive the signal output by the signal source through the input port, split the received signal into multiple sub-signals, and output each of the split sub-signals through an output port of the power divider.

[0026] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a radio frequency receiver, which includes a signal processing device and a power divider provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application and any possible design thereof, wherein the power divider receives multiple signals through an output port, and combines the received multiple signals into one signal and outputs it to the signal processing device through the input port.

[0027] The technical effects that can be achieved in the second and third aspects mentioned above can refer to the description of the technical effects that can be achieved by any possible design in the first aspect mentioned above, and the repetitions will not be discussed here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an isolation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance matching unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance matching unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance matching unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance matching unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0036] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0040] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0041] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0042] Figure 15A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 5 ;

[0043] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 6 ;

[0044] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0045] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 7 ;

[0046] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 8 ;

[0047] Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 5 ;

[0048] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 9 ;

[0049] Figure 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 10 ;

[0050] Figure 23 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 10 one;

[0051] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 10 two;

[0052] Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 6 ;

[0053] Figure 26 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 7 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terms used in the implementation methods of the present application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0056] Currently, power dividers are widely used in microwave, millimeter-wave, and communication systems. Traditional Wilkinson power dividers typically have two output ports and one input port. The input ports are typically connected to each output port using a quarter-wavelength transmission line. This splits the signal received at the input port into two signals of equal power, each outputting through an output port. In practical applications, the physical dimensions of these transmission lines are relatively long, making them difficult to implement on PCBs, especially integrated circuits, and thus hindering the layout of the Wilkinson power divider.

[0057] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a power divider, a radio frequency transmitter, and a radio frequency receiver, which are used to reduce the volume of the power divider and reduce the cost of the power divider.

[0058] The power divider provided by this application is introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the power divider may include an input port, at least two output ports, a first capacitor, a plurality of isolation modules and an impedance matching circuit corresponding to each output port.

[0059] In the present application, the input port and the output port are external interfaces of the power divider. The power divider can obtain signals through the above-mentioned ports, process the obtained signals and output the processed signals through the above-mentioned ports. The power divider provided in the embodiment of the present application can not only obtain signals from the input port, but also obtain signals through the output port, that is, the power divider can realize two-way transmission of signals through the above-mentioned external interface. When the signal is transmitted from the input port to the output port of the power divider, the power divider can obtain the signal to be split through the input port, and split the obtained signal into multiple sub-signals and output them to the back-end device through an output port respectively. When the signal is transmitted from the output port of the power divider to the input port, the power divider can obtain signals through multiple output ports, merge the obtained signals into one signal, and output the merged signal to the front-end device through the input port. At this time, the power divider can also be called a power combiner. Wherein, see Figure 2 The figure shows the connection diagram of the power divider in the circuit cascade scenario. Figure 3 As shown, the circuit functional device connected to the power divider may be an amplifier. Of course, the circuit functional device connected to the power divider may also be other devices. For example, the circuit functional device may be a phase shifter or a frequency modulation device.

[0060] See also Figure 1 As shown, the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the input port of the power divider, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, and each impedance matching circuit is connected between the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the corresponding output port. In the power divider provided in the embodiment of the present application, the power divider can receive a signal through the input port, and the impedance matching circuit between the input port and each output port and the first capacitor C1 can split the received signal for processing. By configuring appropriate models for the first capacitor C1 and the devices in the impedance matching circuit, the power of the received signal can be distributed, thereby splitting the received signal into multiple sub-signals, the number of the multiple sub-signals can be the same as or less than the number of the output ports, and each sub-signal is output through a corresponding output port.

[0061] In the power splitter provided in the embodiment of the present application, since the input port and each output port of the power splitter can be connected via an impedance matching circuit, a signal transmission path can be formed between the input port and each output port. The number of signal transmission paths of the power splitter is the same as the number of output ports of the power splitter, and the number of output ports of the power splitter can be set according to the requirements of the device in which the power splitter is located. This application does not provide further details here.

[0062] In the power divider provided by the embodiment of the present application, since a plurality of signal transmission paths are provided in the power divider, in order to ensure that each signal transmission path of the power divider can work independently, an isolation module is connected between each two adjacent impedance matching circuits to realize signal isolation between the output ports respectively connected to the two adjacent impedance matching circuits, thereby ensuring that the signals on each signal transmission path do not affect each other. In actual use, if the signal transmission paths corresponding to the two adjacent impedance matching circuits are matched, the voltages of the corresponding devices in the two impedance matching circuits are the same, therefore, the two ends of the isolation module connected between the two impedance matching circuits are in a zero potential state, and no current passes through the isolation module. When the signal transmission paths do not match, the connection of the two impedance matching circuits can be realized by an isolation resistor, thereby avoiding a short circuit between the two output ports and ensuring the safe operation of the power divider.

[0063] In the power divider provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first capacitor C1 is connected to the input port of the power divider, and the first capacitor C1 is connected to all the output ports through multiple impedance matching circuits in the power divider. Therefore, the first capacitor C1 can participate in the power distribution between the input port and each output port, and the impedance matching circuit connected between the input port and each output port can use low-specification impedance devices, thereby reducing the volume of the power divider and reducing the cost of the power divider, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the power divider. In addition, since smaller-specification devices are used in the impedance matching circuit, it means that the parasitic resistance of the device in the impedance matching unit is lower. Accordingly, the insertion loss during the operation of the power divider is lower, which can further improve the efficiency of the power divider.

[0064] The working process of the power divider is described below in combination with the structure of each module in the power divider.

[0065] In some embodiments, each impedance matching circuit may include N impedance matching units, where N is greater than or equal to 1. If an impedance matching circuit includes only one impedance matching unit, the first end of the impedance matching unit is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the impedance matching unit is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit. If an impedance matching circuit includes two or more impedance matching units, the above-mentioned N impedance matching units are connected in series, that is, the first end of the first impedance matching unit in the N impedance matching units in series is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the last impedance matching unit in the N impedance matching units in series is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit. Wherein, N is greater than or equal to 1. It should be noted that the number of impedance matching units in each impedance matching circuit can be selected according to the power distribution requirements of the power divider, and this application will not go into details here.

[0066] In a specific implementation, if each impedance matching circuit includes multiple impedance matching units, in order to achieve signal isolation between the output ports connected to two adjacent impedance matching units, each isolation module may include an isolation unit corresponding to each impedance matching unit included in the two adjacent impedance matching circuits, and each isolation unit is connected between the corresponding two impedance matching units to ensure that the signals do not affect each other when passing through each impedance matching circuit. For example, taking the power splitter provided in the embodiment of the present application as a two-to-one power splitter as an example, that is, the power splitter has one input port and two output ports, and can split the signal connected to the input port into two sub-signals and output them, see Figure 4 As shown, each impedance matching circuit between the input port and each output port includes impedance matching units 1 to N. In order to isolate the signals between the two output ports, the isolation module includes isolation units 1 to N. Each isolation unit corresponds one-to-one to the impedance matching units respectively included in the above two impedance matching circuits and is connected between the corresponding two impedance matching units, thereby achieving signal isolation when the two impedance matching units transmit signals, thereby ensuring signal isolation between the two output ports.

[0067] In actual application, each impedance matching unit may include an inductive impedance load composed of multiple passive devices. For example, the impedance matching unit may be a T-type low-pass filter network composed of an inductor and a capacitor. Of course, the impedance matching unit may also use other circuit structures, and this application does not make too many restrictions here.

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, each impedance matching unit may include a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, and a second capacitor C2. Electromagnetic coupling exists between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2. When the coupling strength is 1, the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, and the second capacitor C2 form a full-pass impedance matching network. When the coupling strength between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 is 0, the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, and the second capacitor C2 form a T-type low-pass filter network. When the impedance matching circuit includes multiple impedance matching units, the components in the impedance matching unit may have different connection relationships depending on the position of the impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series.

[0069] Specifically, if the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor L1 belongs is the first impedance matching unit among N impedance matching units connected in series, the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the second inductor L2 and the first end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs through other impedance matching units among the N impedance matching units except the first impedance matching unit.

[0070] If the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor L1 belongs is the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 through the other impedance matching units except the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the second inductor L2 and the first end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit. If the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor L1 belongs is any impedance matching unit except the first and last impedance matching units among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 through the other impedance matching units between the impedance matching unit and the first capacitor C1, the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the second inductor L2 and the first end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit through the other impedance matching units between the output ports corresponding to the impedance matching circuit.

[0071] The schematic diagram of the impedance matching unit can be found in Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown. Among them, Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of an impedance matching circuit that includes only one impedance matching unit. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the impedance matching circuit includes multiple impedance matching units. It should be noted that although each impedance matching unit in this application adopts a T-type low-pass filter network structure, when multiple impedance matching units are connected in series between the input port and the output port of the power divider, the parameters of the devices in each impedance matching unit can be the same or different, and their specific models can be configured according to the devices connected to the power divider and the amplitude of the received signal.

[0072] In one example, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 in each impedance matching unit can be wound around the same iron core, resulting in electromagnetic mutual induction between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2. In this case, the total inductance of the impedance matching unit not only includes the inductance of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, but by adjusting the winding direction of the coils of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, the impedance matching unit can also include the mutual inductance of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2. Therefore, selecting two inductors with small inductance parameters can provide an inductance value greater than the parameters of the inductors themselves, which helps reduce the device cost and size of the power divider. In addition, by controlling the mutual inductance of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, smaller inductors can be selected. In integrated circuits, selecting lower-specification inductors means that the parasitic resistance of the inductors is also reduced at any time, which helps further reduce the losses of the power divider. It should be noted that, in the present application, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 may also be magnetically coupled using other media. For example, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 may be coupled using air as a magnetic flux path.

[0073] See also Figure 7 As shown, in one example, in order to improve the bandwidth of the power divider, each impedance matching unit may include, in addition to the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2 and the second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3 connected between the first end of the first inductor L1 and the second end of the second inductor L2. For ease of understanding, Figure 7 The structure of the impedance matching unit is illustrated by taking an impedance matching circuit including one impedance matching unit as an example.

[0074] See also Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, if the total impedance of the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, and the second capacitor C2 in the impedance matching unit cannot meet the impedance requirements of the power divider, the impedance matching unit may further include a fourth capacitor C4 and a third inductor L3. When the impedance matching circuit includes multiple impedance matching units, the components in the impedance matching unit may have different connection relationships depending on the position of the impedance matching unit in the N impedance matching units connected in series.

[0075] Specifically, if the impedance matching unit to which the third inductor L3 belongs is the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the second end of the second inductor L2, the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, the first end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the second end of the second inductor L2, and the second end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs.

[0076] If the impedance matching unit to which the third inductor L3 belongs is any impedance matching unit except the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the second end of the second inductor L2, the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, the first end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the second end of the second inductor L2, and the second end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit via other impedance matching units between the output ports corresponding to the impedance matching circuit.

[0077] The added fourth capacitor C4 and the third inductor L3 together with the first inductor L2 , the second inductor L2 and the third capacitor C2 can form a double-T structure low-pass filter network. Figure 8 The structure diagram of the impedance matching unit is illustrated by taking an impedance matching unit included in an impedance matching circuit as an example.

[0078] In actual use, in order to reduce the device cost of the power divider, the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3 in each impedance matching unit can be wound on the same magnetic core, that is, there is electromagnetic mutual induction between every two inductors in the above three inductors. Therefore, the total inductance of the impedance matching unit is the sum of the inductance parameters of the above three inductors themselves and the mutual inductance value of the inductors. The impedance matching unit can use low-specification inductor devices to meet the impedance matching requirements. Among them, the total inductance after the mutual inductance of the above three inductors can be determined according to the coupling coefficient of the above three inductors, which will not be introduced in detail in this application. It should be noted that in this application, the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3 can also be magnetically coupled using other media. For example, the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3 can be coupled using air as the magnetic flux path.

[0079] Next, the structure of the isolation unit provided between two impedance matching units will be described in conjunction with the impedance matching unit structure provided in the above embodiment.

[0080] Reference Figure 9As shown, in some embodiments, if the impedance matching unit includes a T-type low-pass filter network, and the impedance matching unit is the first impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the isolation unit connected between the two impedance matching units may include a first resistor R1 and a fifth capacitor C5. If the impedance matching unit includes a T-type low-pass filter network, and the impedance matching unit is not the first impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the isolation unit connected between the two impedance matching units may include a first resistor R1. The first resistor R1 is an isolation resistor, which is connected between the second ends of the second inductors L2 respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units. The fifth capacitor C5 is an odd-mode capacitor, which is connected between the second ends of the inductors connected to the next impedance matching unit respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units. After adding the first capacitor C1, the fifth point capacitor C5 can achieve impedance matching between the input port and the output port under odd-mode analysis, thereby improving the isolation between the output ports. Taking the power divider including two output ports as an example, the structural schematic diagram of the isolation unit can be seen. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown. Among them, Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the isolation unit when the impedance matching circuit includes only one impedance matching unit is shown. Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of the isolation unit is shown when the impedance matching unit includes multiple impedance matching units.

[0081] Reference Figure 11 As shown, in a specific example, when multiple impedance matching units are connected in series between the input port and the output port of the power divider, in order to reduce the specifications of the devices in the impedance matching unit at the rear end of the first impedance matching unit, the power divider also includes at least one eighth capacitor C8, the first end of each eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the connection point between two adjacent impedance matching units, and the second end of each eighth capacitor is grounded. The added eighth capacitor C8 has the same function as the first capacitor C1, and is used to perform impedance matching together with the connected impedance matching unit. Therefore, the impedance matching unit with the eighth capacitor C8 connected to the first end can also use low-cost and small-specification devices. In addition, due to the addition of the eighth capacitor, the isolation unit connected to the impedance matching unit with the eighth capacitor C8 connected to the first end also needs to be configured with a fifth capacitor C5, which is used to achieve impedance matching between the input port and the output port under odd mode analysis and improve the isolation between the output ports.

[0082] Reference Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, in some embodiments, if the impedance matching unit includes a T-type low-pass filter network, and the impedance matching unit is the first impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, then the isolation unit connected between the two impedance matching units may include a second resistor R2 and a fifth capacitor C5. If the impedance matching unit includes a T-type low-pass filter network, and the impedance matching unit is not the first impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, then the isolation unit connected between the two impedance matching units includes a second resistor R2. The second resistor R2 is connected as an isolation resistor between the first ends of the second capacitors C2 respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units. Since the second resistor R2 is connected to the center position of the T-type low-pass filter network, that is, the middle node between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, the potential point of this position is lower under fundamental mode analysis. Therefore, a resistor device with a lower resistance value can be selected to achieve the same isolation effect, which is beneficial to reducing the device cost of the power divider. The fifth capacitor C5 is connected as an odd-mode capacitor between the second ends of the inductors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units and connected to the next impedance matching unit. Specifically, Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the isolation unit when the impedance matching circuit includes only one impedance matching unit. Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the isolation unit when the impedance matching unit includes multiple impedance matching units.

[0083] See also Figure 14 As shown, in a specific example, when multiple impedance matching units are connected in series between the input port and the output port of the power divider, in order to reduce the specifications of the components in the impedance matching unit at the rear end of the first impedance matching unit, the power divider further includes at least one eighth capacitor C8, the first end of each eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the connection point between two adjacent impedance matching units, and the second end of each eighth capacitor is grounded. Due to the addition of the eighth capacitor, the isolation unit connected to the impedance matching unit whose first end is connected to the eighth capacitor C8 also needs to be configured with a fifth capacitor C5 to achieve impedance matching between the input port and the output port under odd mode analysis, thereby improving the isolation between the output ports.

[0084] See also Figure 15 and Figure 16As shown, in some embodiments, if the impedance matching unit includes a low-pass filtering network of a double-T structure, and the impedance matching unit is the first impedance matching unit among N impedance matching units connected in series, then the isolation unit connected between the two impedance matching units may include a second resistor R2 and a fifth capacitor C5. If the impedance matching unit includes a low-pass filtering network of a double-T structure, and the impedance matching unit is not the first impedance matching unit among N impedance units connected in series, then the isolation unit connected between the two impedance matching units may include a second resistor R2. The second resistor R2 is connected as an isolation resistor between the first ends of the second capacitor C2 respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units. The fifth capacitor C5 is connected as an odd-mode capacitor between the second ends of the inductor connected to the next impedance matching unit respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units. For example, taking the power divider as an example including two output ports, Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation unit when the impedance matching circuit includes an impedance matching unit. Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of the isolation unit when the impedance matching unit includes multiple impedance matching units.

[0085] See also Figure 17 As shown, in a specific example, when multiple impedance matching units are connected in series between the input port and the output port of the power divider, in order to reduce the specifications of the components in the impedance matching unit at the rear end of the first impedance matching unit, the power divider further includes at least one eighth capacitor C8, the first end of each eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the connection point between two adjacent impedance matching units, and the second end of each eighth capacitor is grounded. Due to the addition of the eighth capacitor, the isolation unit connected to the impedance matching unit whose first end is connected to the eighth capacitor C8 also needs to be configured with a fifth capacitor C5 to achieve impedance matching between the input port and the output port under odd mode analysis, thereby improving the isolation between the output ports.

[0086] See also Figure 18 and Figure 19As shown, in some embodiments, if the impedance matching unit includes a low-pass filter network of a double-T structure, and the impedance matching unit is the first impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the isolation unit connected between the two impedance matching units includes the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fifth capacitor C5. If the impedance matching unit includes a low-pass filter network of a double-T structure, and the impedance matching unit is not the first impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the isolation unit connected between the two impedance matching units only includes the resistor R2 and the third resistor R3. Among them, the second resistor R2 is connected as an isolation resistor between the first ends of the second capacitor C2 respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units. The third resistor R3 is connected as another isolation resistor between the first ends of the fourth capacitor C4 respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units, which can further improve the isolation between the output ports. The fifth capacitor C5 is connected as an odd-mode capacitor between the second ends of the inductor connected to the next impedance matching unit respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units. For example, taking the power divider as an example including two output ports, Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation unit when the impedance matching circuit includes an impedance matching unit. Figure 19 This is a structural schematic diagram of an isolation unit when the impedance matching circuit includes multiple impedance matching units.

[0087] See also Figure 20 As shown, in a specific example, when multiple impedance matching units are connected in series between the input port and the output port of the power divider, in order to reduce the specifications of the components in the impedance matching unit at the rear end of the first impedance matching unit, the power divider further includes at least one eighth capacitor C8, the first end of each eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the connection point between two adjacent impedance matching units, and the second end of each eighth capacitor is grounded. Due to the addition of the eighth capacitor, the isolation unit connected to the impedance matching unit whose first end is connected to the eighth capacitor C8 also needs to be configured with a fifth capacitor C5 to achieve impedance matching between the input port and the output port under odd mode analysis, thereby improving the isolation between the output ports.

[0088] In combination with the above description, the inductor and the capacitor in the isolation unit are directly connected in parallel or connected in parallel through other devices. In actual use, the inductor and the capacitor in the isolation unit are also connected in parallel.

[0089] See also Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, in some embodiments, each isolation unit may include a fourth resistor R4 and a sixth capacitor C6, and the fourth resistor R4 and the sixth capacitor C6 are connected in series to form a first branch, and the first branch is connected between the second ends of the inductors connected to the next impedance matching unit respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units. Figure 21 and Figure 22 The structure of the isolation unit is taken as an example in which a power divider includes two output ports and an impedance matching circuit includes one impedance matching unit.

[0090] In some embodiments, each isolation unit includes a fifth resistor R5 and a seventh capacitor C7, the fifth resistor R5 and the seventh capacitor C7 are connected in series to form a second branch, and the second branch is connected between the first ends of the second capacitors respectively included in the two corresponding impedance matching units. For example, taking the power divider including two output ports and the impedance matching circuit including one impedance matching unit as an example, the structure of the isolation unit can be seen in FIG. Figure 23 and Figure 24 shown.

[0091] It should be noted that Figures 9 to 24 The isolation unit structure shown is described based on the T-type low-pass filter network of the impedance matching unit without the third capacitor. In practice, if the T-type low-pass filter network is also provided with a third capacitor in parallel with multiple inductors, the structure of the power divider can be referred to. Figure 25 and Figure 26 Of course, depending on the different structures of the impedance matching unit and the isolation unit, the power divider also has other structures, which are not introduced one by one in this application.

[0092] Based on the same concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a radio frequency transmitter, which includes a signal source and the aforementioned power divider. At this time, the output port of the power divider serves as a signal receiving port, and the input port of the power divider serves as a signal output port. The power divider can split the signal output by the signal source into multiple sub-signals and output them through an output port of the power divider. The signal output from each output port is frequency modulated and can be output through an antenna of the radio frequency transmitter.

[0093] Based on the same concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a radio frequency receiver, which may include a signal processing device and a power divider provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application and any possible design thereof, wherein the output port of the power divider serves as a signal input port, and the input port of the power divider serves as a signal output port. Each output port of the power divider can receive a signal transmitted by an antenna, and combine the received signals into one signal, which is then output to the signal processing device through the input port for processing.

[0094] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A power distributor, characterized in that: include: An input port, at least two output ports, a first capacitor, a plurality of isolation modules, and an impedance matching circuit corresponding to each output port; A first end of the first capacitor is connected to the input port, and a second end of the first capacitor is grounded; Each impedance matching circuit is connected between the first end of the first capacitor and the corresponding output port; Each isolation module is connected between two adjacent impedance matching circuits to achieve signal isolation between the output ports respectively connected to the two adjacent impedance matching circuits; The first capacitor and each impedance matching circuit are used to split the signal input from the input port into multiple sub-signals, and output each sub-signal through a corresponding output port.

2. The power divider according to claim 1, wherein Each impedance matching circuit includes N impedance matching units, wherein the N impedance matching units are connected in series, a first end of a first impedance matching unit in the N impedance matching units connected in series is connected to a first end of the first capacitor, and a second end of a last impedance matching unit in the N impedance matching units connected in series is connected to an output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit; wherein N is greater than or equal to 1; Each isolation module includes an isolation unit corresponding one-to-one to each impedance matching unit respectively included in two adjacent impedance matching circuits, and each isolation unit is connected between the corresponding two impedance matching units.

3. The power divider according to claim 2, wherein: Each impedance matching unit includes: a first inductor, a second inductor and a second capacitor; If the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor belongs is the first impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor, the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs through the other impedance matching units among the N impedance matching units except the first impedance matching unit; If the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor belongs is the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor through the other impedance matching units among the N impedance matching units connected in series except the last impedance matching unit, the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs; If the impedance matching unit to which the first inductor belongs is any impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series except the first impedance matching unit and the last impedance matching unit, the first end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor through other impedance matching units between the impedance matching unit to which it belongs and the first capacitor, the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the second inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs through other impedance matching units between the output ports corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs.

4. The power divider according to claim 3, wherein: Each impedance matching unit further includes a third capacitor connected between the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor.

5. The power divider according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Each isolation unit includes a first resistor connected between second ends of second inductors respectively included in the two corresponding impedance matching units.

6. The power divider according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Each isolation unit includes a second resistor connected between first ends of second capacitors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units.

7. The power divider according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: Each impedance matching unit further includes a fourth capacitor and a third inductor; If the impedance matching unit to which the third inductor belongs is the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, the first end of the third inductor is connected to the second end of the second inductor, and the second end of the third inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs; If the impedance matching unit to which the third inductor belongs is any impedance matching unit except the last impedance matching unit among the N impedance matching units connected in series, the first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, the first end of the third inductor is connected to the second end of the second inductor, and the second end of the third inductor is connected to the output port corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs through other impedance matching units between the output ports corresponding to the impedance matching circuit to which it belongs.

8. The power divider according to claim 7, wherein: Each isolation unit further includes a third resistor connected between first ends of fourth capacitors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units.

9. The power divider according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: Each isolation unit further includes a fifth capacitor connected between the second ends of the inductors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units and connected to the next impedance matching unit.

10. The power divider according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that: Each isolation unit includes a fourth resistor and a sixth capacitor, the fourth resistor and the sixth capacitor are connected in series to form a first branch, and the first branch is connected between the second ends of the inductors connected to the next impedance matching unit respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units.

11. The power divider according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that: Each isolation unit includes a fifth resistor and a seventh capacitor. The fifth resistor and the seventh capacitor are connected in series to form a second branch. The second branch is connected between the first ends of the second capacitors respectively included in the corresponding two impedance matching units.

12. The power divider according to any one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that: If N is greater than 1, the power divider further includes at least one eighth capacitor, a first end of each eighth capacitor is connected to a connection point between two adjacent impedance matching units, and a second end of each eighth capacitor is grounded.

13. The power divider according to any one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that: The first inductor and the second inductor in each impedance matching unit are mutually inducted.

14. A radio frequency transmitter, characterized in that: It comprises a signal source and a power divider as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the power divider is used to receive the signal output by the signal source through the input port, split the received signal into multiple sub-signals, and output each of the split sub-signals through an output port of the power divider.

15. A radio frequency receiver, characterized in that: It comprises a signal processing device and a power divider as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the power divider receives multiple signals through the output port, combines the received multiple signals into one signal, and outputs it to the signal processing device through the input port.

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