A method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wireless charging technology, specifically a dynamic detection method for the coupling characteristics of multi-device wireless charging. First, by introducing a voltage anomaly threshold and anomaly index, this invention can monitor and accurately identify closed-cover states or other abnormal conditions in real time, effectively avoiding current overload and electromagnetic interference, thereby protecting the device from damage. Second, this invention uses a multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller to adjust the transmission voltage, ensuring precise control of the transmission voltage under different operating conditions, and minimizing damage to the wireless charging device when abnormal coupling occurs. Finally, this invention uses a neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm to search for the optimal gain coefficient of the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller, which accelerates the adjustment process and avoids getting trapped in local optima, thereby improving the response speed and accuracy of voltage regulation and rapidly reducing the harm of abnormal coupling states to the wireless charging device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless charging technology, specifically to a method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless charging technology, more and more electronic devices are adopting wireless charging to improve user convenience and charging experience. However, in actual use, wireless charging devices may generate large currents in standby mode, especially when the cover between the transmitting coils is closed, which poses a serious threat to the normal operation and safety of the device.

[0003] In existing technologies, wireless charging devices typically consist of multiple transmitting coils, each responsible for powering a corresponding receiving device. When two transmitting coils are face-to-face, a lack of sufficient detection and protection measures can lead to excessive electromagnetic coupling between the coils, triggering excessive current—a condition known as anomalous coupling. Anomalous coupling can not only damage the circuit board but also affect the overall performance and lifespan of the device. This problem is particularly significant in wireless charging stations and multi-device chargers, and currently, there is no effective solution.

[0004] Currently, some wireless charging devices use Hall effect sensors to detect whether the cover is closed. Hall effect sensors determine the relative position of the coils by causing changes in the magnetic field, thus allowing monitoring of the closed state. However, this method has some drawbacks. First, the detection accuracy of Hall effect sensors is limited by the installation location and external environment, which may lead to inaccurate detection and an inability to effectively prevent the generation of large currents. Second, the high cost of Hall effect sensors increases the overall manufacturing cost of wireless charging devices, which limits their widespread application to some extent. Furthermore, existing wireless charging devices lack early warning and adjustment mechanisms for abnormal coupling states.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical issues, there is an urgent need to develop an effective detection method that can monitor energy changes in the coil-to-coil coupling state in real time while the transmitting equipment is in standby mode, and provide early warnings and adjustments for abnormal coupling states, thereby avoiding unnecessary equipment damage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices includes:

[0009] Start the wireless charging transmitter and initialize the status parameters of each transmitter coil in the transmitter coil group;

[0010] The first transmitting coil of the transmitting coil group transmits a PING signal to the second transmitting coil, and the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil is monitored and collected in real time. If the Vcoil voltage exceeds the voltage abnormality threshold, the current change and temperature change of the second transmitting coil per unit time are collected and the abnormality index of the second transmitting coil is calculated.

[0011] If the abnormal index is greater than the abnormal threshold, it is determined that the second transmitting coil is in the closed state, and the first transmitting coil is controlled to forward the Vcoil voltage and warn of the closed state, while stopping the transmission of PING signal to the second transmitting coil.

[0012] The transmission voltage of the first transmitting coil is adjusted by a multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller, and the optimal gain coefficient of the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller is searched using a neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm to accelerate the transmission voltage adjustment.

[0013] If the Vcoil voltage is less than or equal to the voltage abnormality threshold, it is determined that the second transmitting coil is unsealed, the PING signal transmission is restarted, and the state parameters of the transmitting coil group are initialized.

[0014] Furthermore, the initialization parameters of the transmitting coil group include: transmitting current, transmitting voltage, transmitting frequency, transmitting power, and interval time.

[0015] Furthermore, real-time monitoring and acquisition of the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil includes:

[0016] Configure a voltage sensor to collect the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil;

[0017] The Vcoil voltage is smoothed by a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise and obtain a denoised signal.

[0018] The denoised signal is passed to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0019] The voltage anomaly threshold depends on the coil material, number of coil turns, coil area, operating frequency, and ambient temperature. The formula for calculating the voltage anomaly threshold is as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] in, This indicates the voltage anomaly threshold. Represents the safety constant. Indicates the number of coil turns. Indicates the coil area. Indicates the operating frequency. Indicates ambient temperature. Indicates the coil resistivity. This represents the coil temperature coefficient.

[0022] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the anomaly index is as follows:

[0023] ;

[0024] in, This indicates the abnormal index. This represents the rate of change of current per unit time. This represents the rate of temperature change per unit time. This represents the Vcoil voltage. This indicates the voltage anomaly threshold. Represents the natural constant. Indicates the current anomaly weight. Indicates the weight of temperature anomalies. This indicates the weight of voltage anomalies.

[0025] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller is as follows:

[0026] ;

[0027] ;

[0028] ;

[0029] in, Indicates the controller output. Indicates the output of the feedforward loop. Indicates the output of the feedback loop. Represents a time variable. Indicates the error signal. , and This represents the feedforward gain coefficient. , and This represents the feedback gain coefficient.

[0030] Furthermore, the optimal gain coefficient search for the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller using the neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm includes:

[0031] S401: Set the initial annealing temperature, temperature drop factor, critical annealing temperature, maximum number of iterations and objective function; initialize the gain coefficient of the controller; and use the initial annealing temperature as the current temperature, and the gain coefficient as the current solution; the gain coefficient includes the feedforward gain coefficient and the feedback gain coefficient.

[0032] S402: Simulate the system response using the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller and calculate the objective function value of the current solution;

[0033] S403: Based on the current solution, perform neighborhood perturbation to generate a new perturbation solution;

[0034] S404: If the perturbation solution reduces the objective function value, then accept the new solution; otherwise, calculate the acceptance probability of the perturbation solution and accept the perturbation solution with the acceptance probability.

[0035] S405: Update the temperature according to the temperature decrease factor to reduce randomness;

[0036] S405: Iterate through steps S402-S405. When the temperature drops to the critical annealing temperature or the maximum number of iterations is reached, stop the search and use the solution at the end of the iteration as the optimal gain coefficient.

[0037] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the perturbation solution is:

[0038] ;

[0039] in, This represents the perturbation solution. Indicates the current solution. Indicates the initial annealing temperature. Indicates the current temperature. This represents the attenuation control coefficient. This represents an interval random function.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0041] 1. This invention, through voltage anomaly thresholds and anomaly indices, enables real-time and accurate detection of potential anomalies in wireless charging systems, particularly electromagnetic coupling issues when the device is closed. The voltage anomaly threshold helps quickly identify excessively high or low voltage conditions, while the anomaly index, by combining current and temperature changes, more accurately assesses the coil's operating status, thus promptly identifying potential faults. This mechanism effectively prevents risks such as excessive current and overheating caused by the closed state, protecting the device from damage and ensuring the safety and stability of the charging equipment in multi-device operating environments.

[0042] 2. By adjusting the transmission voltage of the first transmitting coil using a multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller, more precise and flexible voltage control can be achieved. The multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller not only considers feedback control but also independently adjusts the feedforward and feedback gains, effectively avoiding the conflict problems that traditional PID controllers encounter when handling various dynamic characteristics. This adjustment method allows the transmission voltage to respond quickly to changing operating conditions, maintaining a stable output while improving the system's anti-interference capability. Ultimately, it ensures that damage to the wireless charging device is reduced in the event of abnormal coupling, enhancing system safety.

[0043] 3. By using the neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm to search for the optimal gain coefficient of a multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller, the efficiency and accuracy of transmit voltage adjustment can be significantly improved. The simulated annealing algorithm introduces random perturbations into the solution space and gradually narrows the search range by combining this with the annealing temperature, avoiding the risk of getting trapped in local optima and finding the globally optimal gain coefficient in a complex parameter space. Compared with traditional optimization methods, the neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm is more flexible and has a global search capability, accelerating the tuning process of PID controller parameters, ensuring rapid response and precise adjustment of the transmit voltage, and quickly reducing the harm of abnormal coupling states to wireless charging devices. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is the equivalent circuit diagram of abnormal coupling between transmitting coils provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] The first embodiment provided by this invention is as follows:

[0050] A method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0051] S100: Start the wireless charging transmitter and initialize the status parameters of each transmitter coil in the transmitter coil group;

[0052] Furthermore, the initialization parameters of the transmitting coil group include: transmitting current, transmitting voltage, transmitting frequency, transmitting power, and interval time.

[0053] Specifically, the transmitting coil group includes at least two transmitting coils. The initial state parameters of each transmitting coil depend on the material, number of turns, and area of ​​the coil itself. In one feasible implementation, the state parameters of a certain transmitting coil are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1. State parameters of a certain transmitting coil

[0055]

[0056] By initializing the state parameters of the transmitting coil group, it can be ensured that each coil operates in the best working condition, improving charging efficiency, system stability and safety, while avoiding overload and electromagnetic interference.

[0057] S200: A PING signal is transmitted from the first transmitting coil of the transmitting coil group to the second transmitting coil, and the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil is monitored and collected in real time. If the Vcoil voltage exceeds the voltage abnormality threshold, the current change and temperature change of the second transmitting coil per unit time are collected and the abnormality index of the second transmitting coil is calculated.

[0058] Specifically, the first transmitting coil and the second transmitting coil can be any two transmitting coils that may be covered in the transmitting coil group.

[0059] Furthermore, real-time monitoring and acquisition of the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil includes:

[0060] Configure a voltage sensor to collect the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil;

[0061] The Vcoil voltage is smoothed by a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise and obtain a denoised signal.

[0062] The denoised signal is passed to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0063] By configuring a voltage sensor to acquire the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil in real time and using a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise, the accuracy and stability of the voltage signal can be effectively improved. The denoised signal is then converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter, ensuring accurate monitoring and analysis of the Vcoil voltage. This provides reliable data support for further status judgment and system adjustment, improving the system's response speed and stability.

[0064] The voltage anomaly threshold depends on the coil material, number of coil turns, coil area, operating frequency, and ambient temperature. The formula for calculating the voltage anomaly threshold is as follows:

[0065] ;

[0066] in, This indicates the voltage anomaly threshold. Represents the safety constant. Indicates the number of coil turns. Indicates the coil area. Indicates the operating frequency. Indicates ambient temperature. Indicates the coil resistivity. This represents the coil temperature coefficient.

[0067] By using voltage anomaly thresholds calculated based on factors such as coil material, number of turns, area, operating frequency, and ambient temperature, the operating characteristics of each transmitting coil and environmental changes can be reflected more accurately. This dynamic threshold calculation method effectively avoids false alarms or missed alarms caused by fixed threshold settings, improving the system's accuracy and adaptability. Adjusting the voltage threshold according to different conditions not only improves the sensitivity to voltage anomalies but also enables timely identification of potential faults or risks, thereby protecting the system from overload, overheating, and other problems.

[0068] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the anomaly index is as follows:

[0069] ;

[0070] in, This indicates the abnormal index. This represents the rate of change of current per unit time. This represents the rate of temperature change per unit time. This represents the Vcoil voltage. This indicates the voltage anomaly threshold. Represents the natural constant. Indicates the current anomaly weight. Indicates the weight of temperature anomalies. This indicates the weight of voltage anomalies.

[0071] Using an anomaly index comprehensively considers the ratio of current changes, temperature changes, and Vcoil voltage, thus providing a more comprehensive criterion for assessing the operating status of the transmitting coil. By combining these factors, potential problems caused by overload, overheating, or electromagnetic interference can be effectively identified, allowing for early detection of equipment malfunctions. Compared to anomaly monitoring of a single parameter, the anomaly index provides more accurate evaluation criteria, avoiding misjudgments caused by relying solely on voltage or temperature, and enhancing system stability and safety.

[0072] S300: If the abnormality index is greater than the abnormality threshold, it is determined that the second transmitting coil is in a closed state, and its equivalent circuit is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, at this time, the first transmitting coil is controlled to forward the Vcoil voltage and warn of the closed cover status, while stopping the transmission of PING signals to the second transmitting coil;

[0073] S400: The first transmitting coil is adjusted by a multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller, and the optimal gain coefficient of the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller is searched using a neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm to accelerate the adjustment of the transmitting voltage.

[0074] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller is as follows:

[0075] ;

[0076] ;

[0077] ;

[0078] in, Indicates the controller output. Indicates the output of the feedforward loop. Indicates the output of the feedback loop. Represents a time variable. Indicates the error signal. , and This represents the feedforward gain coefficient. , and This represents the feedback gain coefficient.

[0079] Specifically, error signal ,in The target value is the emitter voltage that reduces electromagnetic coupling between coils. This represents the system output voltage, i.e., the real-time transmission voltage of the first transmitting coil.

[0080] By combining feedforward and feedback multi-degree-of-freedom PID controllers, the system can simultaneously balance dynamic response and long-term stability, thereby maintaining the stability and efficiency of transmit voltage regulation under rapidly changing environmental or load conditions, reducing overshoot and steady-state errors, and minimizing equipment damage caused by excessive electromagnetic coupling between coils.

[0081] Furthermore, the neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm is used to search for the optimal gain coefficient of the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0082] S401: Set the initial annealing temperature, temperature drop factor, critical annealing temperature, maximum number of iterations and objective function; initialize the gain coefficient of the controller; and use the initial annealing temperature as the current temperature, and the gain coefficient as the current solution; the gain coefficient includes the feedforward gain coefficient and the feedback gain coefficient.

[0083] S402: Simulate the system response using the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller and calculate the objective function value of the current solution;

[0084] S403: Based on the current solution, perform neighborhood perturbation to generate a new perturbation solution;

[0085] S404: If the perturbation solution reduces the objective function value, then accept the new solution; otherwise, calculate the acceptance probability of the perturbation solution and accept the perturbation solution with the acceptance probability.

[0086] S405: Update the temperature according to the temperature decrease factor to reduce randomness;

[0087] S405: Iterate through steps S402-S405. When the temperature drops to the critical annealing temperature or the maximum number of iterations is reached, stop the search and use the solution at the end of the iteration as the optimal gain coefficient.

[0088] Specifically, the parameter initialization of the neighborhood disturbance simulated annealing algorithm is shown in Table 2, with the initial set of controller gain coefficients... The system response is simulated using a multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller. The objective function value of the current solution is calculated. Based on the current solution, a neighborhood perturbation is performed to generate a new perturbed solution. The difference between the objective function values ​​of the current solution and the perturbed solution is then calculated. If the perturbation solution reduces the objective function value, then the new solution is accepted; otherwise, the acceptance probability of the perturbation solution is calculated, and the perturbation solution is accepted based on the acceptance probability. ,in Represents the current temperature; the temperature is updated based on a temperature decrease factor to reduce randomness, where the temperature update is... ,in This represents the temperature decrease factor; iteratively execute steps S402-S405, and stop the search when the temperature drops to the critical annealing temperature or the maximum number of iterations is reached, and use the solution at the end of the iteration as the optimal gain coefficient.

[0089] Table 2 Parameter Initialization Table for Neighborhood Perturbation Simulated Annealing Algorithm

[0090]

[0091] Using a neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm to search for the optimal gain coefficient of a multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller can significantly accelerate the transmit voltage adjustment process. Through the random perturbation mechanism of the simulated annealing algorithm, the system can search for the global optimum within a wide gain coefficient space, thereby optimizing the PID controller parameters and avoiding the local optima problem in traditional parameter adjustment processes. This not only improves adjustment efficiency but also enables the transmit voltage to quickly reach the desired value under complex environmental changes, enhancing the system's dynamic response and stability, and minimizing the damage to charging equipment caused by the overlapping of different transmit coils.

[0092] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the perturbation solution is:

[0093] ;

[0094] in, This represents the perturbation solution. Indicates the current solution. Indicates the initial annealing temperature. Indicates the current temperature. This represents the attenuation control coefficient. This represents an interval random function.

[0095] By adding a temperature-dependent random perturbation term to the current solution, diversity can be effectively introduced and the exploratory nature of the search process can be enhanced. Specifically, as the current temperature decreases, the amplitude of the perturbation gradually decreases, allowing the algorithm to broadly search the solution space in the initial stage. However, after the temperature decreases to a certain level, the amplitude of the perturbation decreases, helping the algorithm to more accurately search for the local optimum.

[0096] S500: If the Vcoil voltage is less than or equal to the voltage abnormality threshold, determine that the second transmitting coil is unsealed, restart the PING signal transmission, and initialize the state parameters of the transmitting coil group.

[0097] The second embodiment provided by this invention is as follows:

[0098] To reduce the risk of motherboard burnout caused by abnormal coupling of multiple coils in wireless charging devices during operation, a charging equipment manufacturing company adopted a dynamic detection method for multi-device wireless charging coupling characteristics provided by this invention and applied it to a newly developed wireless charging device. Table 3 shows the comparison of characteristics between the original and new wireless charging devices under multiple sets of comparative tests. By introducing the dynamic detection method for multi-device wireless charging coupling characteristics provided by this invention, the safety and reliability of the wireless charging device in the closed state are significantly improved. Compared with the original device, the new device has self-testing capabilities in the closed state, with a self-testing rate of 93%, and can provide real-time alarms and voltage adjustments, effectively avoiding problems such as excessive current and overheating caused by closing the cover. Furthermore, the device can automatically adjust the voltage to prevent overload, reducing the device failure rate from 63% in the original device to 11%. The introduction of this invention enables the new device to maintain stable operation in complex working environments, significantly reducing the risk of device failure, and improving the intelligence level and user experience of the device through dynamic detection and adjustment mechanisms, ensuring the efficient and safe operation of the wireless charging system.

[0099] Table 3. Comparison of features between the original and new wireless charging devices

[0100]

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices, characterized in that, include: Start the wireless charging transmitter and initialize the status parameters of each transmitter coil in the transmitter coil group; The first transmitting coil of the transmitting coil group transmits a PING signal to the second transmitting coil, and the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil is monitored and collected in real time. If the Vcoil voltage exceeds the voltage abnormality threshold, the current change and temperature change of the second transmitting coil per unit time are collected and the abnormality index of the second transmitting coil is calculated. If the abnormal index is greater than the abnormal threshold, it is determined that the second transmitting coil is in the closed state, and the first transmitting coil is controlled to forward the Vcoil voltage and warn of the closed state, while stopping the transmission of PING signal to the second transmitting coil. The transmission voltage of the first transmitting coil is adjusted by a multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller, and the optimal gain coefficient of the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller is searched using a neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm to accelerate the transmission voltage adjustment. If the Vcoil voltage is less than or equal to the voltage abnormality threshold, it is determined that the second transmitting coil is uncovered, the PING signal transmission is restarted, and the state parameters of the transmitting coil group are initialized. The formula for calculating the anomaly index is as follows: ； in, This indicates the abnormal index. This represents the rate of change of current per unit time. This represents the rate of temperature change per unit time. This represents the Vcoil voltage. This indicates the voltage anomaly threshold. Represents the natural constant. Indicates the current anomaly weight. Indicates the weight of temperature anomalies. This indicates the weight of voltage anomalies.

2. The method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initialization parameters for the transmitting coil group include: transmitting current, transmitting voltage, transmitting frequency, transmitting power, and interval time.

3. The method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, Real-time monitoring and acquisition of the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil includes: Configure a voltage sensor to collect the Vcoil voltage of the second transmitting coil; The Vcoil voltage is smoothed by a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise and obtain a denoised signal; The denoised signal is passed to the analog-to-digital converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

4. The method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage anomaly threshold depends on the coil material, number of coil turns, coil area, operating frequency, and ambient temperature. The formula for calculating the voltage anomaly threshold is as follows: ； in, This indicates the voltage anomaly threshold. Represents the safety constant. Indicates the number of coil turns. Indicates the coil area. Indicates the operating frequency. Indicates ambient temperature. Indicates the coil resistivity. This represents the coil temperature coefficient.

5. The method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller is as follows: ； ； ； in, Indicates the controller output. Indicates the output of the feedforward loop. Indicates the output of the feedback loop. Represents a time variable. Indicates the error signal. , and This represents the feedforward gain coefficient. , and This represents the feedback gain coefficient.

6. The method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimal gain coefficient search for the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller is performed using the neighborhood perturbation simulated annealing algorithm, including: S401: Set the initial annealing temperature, temperature drop factor, critical annealing temperature, maximum number of iterations and objective function; initialize the gain coefficient of the controller; and use the initial annealing temperature as the current temperature, and the gain coefficient as the current solution; the gain coefficient includes the feedforward gain coefficient and the feedback gain coefficient. S402: Simulate the system response using the multi-degree-of-freedom PID controller and calculate the objective function value of the current solution; S403: Based on the current solution, perform neighborhood perturbation to generate a new perturbation solution; S404: If the perturbation solution reduces the objective function value, then accept the new solution; otherwise, calculate the acceptance probability of the perturbation solution and accept the perturbation solution with the acceptance probability. S405: Update the temperature according to the temperature decrease factor to reduce randomness; S405: Iterate through steps S402-S405. When the temperature drops to the critical annealing temperature or the maximum number of iterations is reached, stop the search and use the solution at the end of the iteration as the optimal gain coefficient.

7. The method for dynamic detection of wireless charging coupling characteristics of multiple devices according to claim 6, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the perturbation solution is: ； in, This represents the perturbation solution. Indicates the current solution. Indicates the initial annealing temperature. Indicates the current temperature. This represents the attenuation control coefficient. This represents an interval random function.

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