Vehicle heating system and method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle heating system and method and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicles. The vehicle heating system comprises a battery heat management loop, a passenger compartment heat management loop and a heat storage system. The heat storage system is connected with the battery heat management loop and the passenger compartment heat management loop. The heat storage system comprises a heat storage device and a heating device; the heating device is configured to supplement heat for the heat storage device by using the mains supply under the condition that a battery of the vehicle is charged; the heat storage device is configured to store heat, supply heat to the battery through the battery heat management loop and / or supply heat to the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the passenger compartment heat management loop, and the heat storage device is used for increasing the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle at the low temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a vehicle heating system, method, and vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When electric vehicles are used in low temperatures, they require the use of battery heating systems and interior heating systems to maintain battery and vehicle interior temperatures. These systems consume significant energy, reducing the amount of energy available to propel the vehicle and its range. In particular, in colder regions, where winter temperatures can reach -20°C or even below -30°C for extended periods, electric vehicle range can decrease by over 50%.

[0003] The related technical solution discloses a thermal management system and method for extended-range electric vehicles, which integrates and fits together the four circulation loops involved in the thermal management of extended-range electric vehicles, effectively recovering engine heat and using the engine heat to heat the vehicle battery pack and the passenger compartment. However, it cannot provide effective heating for electric vehicles without engines. The related technical solution also discloses an integrated thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on heat pump air conditioning. The heat pump system fully collects waste heat, reduces heat loss, and thus increases the range of the electric vehicle. However, in low-temperature environments, the power consumption required for heat is almost equal to the power consumption required for driving. In extremely low temperatures, the power consumption required for heat can even exceed the power consumption required for driving. During low-temperature driving, the waste heat generated by electricity in the battery and electric drive only accounts for about 5%-10% of the power consumption, which is far from enough to support the heat demand of the entire vehicle. Therefore, how to improve the range of electric vehicles in low temperatures is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a vehicle heating system, method, and vehicle for improving the range of electric vehicles in low temperatures. The technical solutions of this application are as follows:

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, a vehicle heating system is provided. The vehicle heating system includes a battery thermal management circuit, a passenger compartment thermal management circuit, and a heat storage system. The heat storage system is connected to the battery thermal management circuit and the passenger compartment thermal management circuit, respectively. The heat storage system includes a heat storage device and a heating device. The heating device is configured to use mains electricity to replenish heat to the heat storage device while the battery is charging. The heat storage device is configured to store heat and supply it to the vehicle's battery via the battery thermal management circuit and / or to the vehicle's passenger compartment via the passenger compartment thermal management circuit.

[0006] In one possible manner, the energy storage medium of the heat storage device adopts phase change material; the weight of the energy storage medium is obtained according to the ambient temperature of the delivery location of the vehicle.

[0007] In one possible embodiment, the vehicle heating system further includes a thermal management system, a battery temperature control system, and a passenger compartment temperature control system. The thermal management system is connected to the heat storage system, the battery temperature control system, and the passenger compartment temperature control system, respectively. The thermal management system is configured to: determine the battery's heat demand through the battery temperature control system, and based on the battery's heat demand, control the heat storage device to supply heat to the battery via the battery thermal management circuit; and / or determine the passenger compartment's heat demand through the passenger compartment temperature control system, and based on the passenger compartment's heat demand, control the heat storage device to supply heat to the passenger compartment via the passenger compartment thermal management circuit.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, the battery temperature control system includes a first temperature sensor for detecting the battery temperature; the battery thermal management circuit includes a first water pump; the thermal management system is configured to: when the battery temperature is lower than the first temperature, control the first water pump to operate at full load; when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature and lower than a second temperature, control the first water pump to operate at a speed corresponding to a first temperature ratio; the first temperature ratio is the ratio between the battery temperature and the first target temperature; when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature, control the first water pump to stop operating.

[0009] In one possible embodiment, the passenger compartment temperature control system includes a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the passenger compartment; the passenger compartment thermal management circuit includes a second water pump; the thermal management system is configured to: when the passenger compartment temperature is less than a third temperature, control the second water pump to operate at full load; when the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to the third temperature and less than a fourth temperature, control the second water pump to operate at a speed corresponding to a second temperature ratio; the second temperature ratio is the ratio between the passenger compartment temperature and the second target temperature; when the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth temperature, control the second water pump to stop operating.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the vehicle heating system further includes a charging system; the charging system is connected to the thermal management system, the heat storage system, and the battery thermal management circuit. The thermal management system is further configured to, in response to detecting the start of vehicle charging, determine a heat demand of the heat storage system and transmit the heat demand of the heat storage system to the charging system. The charging system is further configured to, based on the heat demand of the heat storage system and the battery charge requirement, determine a first power consumption to be allocated to the battery and a second power consumption to be allocated to the heat storage system.

[0011] In one possible approach, the thermal management system is configured to determine a thermal demand of the thermal storage system, including obtaining thermal demand prediction reference information, the thermal demand prediction reference information including at least one of the following: a driver's driving behavior information, thermal usage preference information, temperature information, weather information, driving route information, charging behavior information, and battery thermal management data. The thermal demand of the thermal storage system is determined based on the thermal demand prediction reference information.

[0012] In one possible approach, the heat management system is configured to determine the heat demand of the thermal storage system based on the heat demand prediction reference information, including: extracting the top N most important features from the heat demand prediction reference information using a random forest model, where N is a positive integer. The N features are input into the heat demand prediction model to determine the heat demand of the thermal storage system.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the heat management system is further configured to correct the heat demand of the heat storage system based on a correction coefficient to obtain a corrected heat demand of the heat storage system; wherein the corrected heat demand is used to ensure that the heat usage time of the heat storage system is greater than the battery power usage time.

[0014] According to a second aspect provided by the present application, a vehicle heating method is provided, which is applied to the vehicle heating system of the first aspect, the method comprising: when the battery is charging, the heating device uses the mains electricity to supplement heat to the heat storage device; the heat stored in the heat storage device is used to supply heat to the battery through a battery thermal management circuit; and / or, the heat stored in the heat storage device is used to supply heat to the passenger compartment through a passenger compartment thermal management circuit.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, the vehicle heating system also includes: a thermal management system, a battery temperature control system, and a passenger compartment temperature control system; the method also includes: determining the heat demand of the battery through the battery temperature control system, and controlling the heat storage device to supply heat to the battery through the battery thermal management circuit based on the heat demand of the battery; and / or, determining the heat demand of the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment temperature control system, and controlling the heat storage device to supply heat to the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment thermal management circuit based on the heat demand of the passenger compartment.

[0016] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the vehicle heating system according to the first aspect.

[0017] The method for determining the compensation current provided in the embodiment of the present application brings at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The vehicle heating system includes a heat storage system, which includes a heat storage device and a heating device. Furthermore, the heating device is configured to use mains electricity to replenish heat to the heat storage device while the vehicle's battery is charging; the heat storage device is configured to store heat and supply heat to the battery via a battery thermal management circuit and / or to the vehicle's passenger compartment via a passenger compartment thermal management circuit. Thus, the vehicle is equipped with a heat storage device, and while charging, the heat storage system converts electricity into heat. Thus, when the battery and passenger compartment need to be heated, the heat stored in the heat storage system is used for heating, eliminating the need for battery power. This can increase the battery's range, thereby improving the range of electric vehicles in low temperatures.

[0019] 2. The heat storage device's energy storage medium uses phase-change material; the weight of the energy storage medium is determined based on the ambient temperature of the vehicle's delivery location. This allows the weight of the energy storage medium to be tailored to the vehicle's operating environment.

[0020] 3. The battery temperature control system determines the battery's heat demand, and based on the battery's heat demand, controls the heat storage device to supply heat to the battery through the battery thermal management circuit; and / or the passenger compartment temperature control system determines the passenger compartment's heat demand, and based on the passenger compartment's heat demand, controls the heat storage device to supply heat to the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment thermal management circuit. In this way, by determining the battery's heat demand through the battery temperature control system and the passenger compartment's heat demand through the passenger compartment temperature control system, the heat demand of both the battery and the passenger compartment can be determined, enabling precise heat supply to the battery and the passenger compartment.

[0021] 4. When heating the battery, the rotation speed of the first water pump is determined according to the battery temperature, so that the heat storage device provides appropriate heat to the battery to avoid heat waste.

[0022] 5. When heating the passenger compartment, the speed of the second water pump is determined according to the temperature of the passenger compartment, so that the heat storage device can provide appropriate heat to the passenger compartment to avoid heat waste.

[0023] It should be noted that the technical effects brought about by any implementation method in the second to third aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by the corresponding implementation method in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0024] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle heating system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for configuring the weight of an energy storage medium provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of another vehicle heating system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a method for heating a battery using a heat storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a method for heating a passenger compartment using a heat storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of a method for heating a heat storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 A flowchart of a method for determining a heat demand prediction model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the water flow direction of a heat storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 9 A schematic flow chart of a vehicle heating method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable ordinary people in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments of the application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle heating system 10. The vehicle heating system 10 includes a battery thermal management circuit 101, a passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102, and a heat storage system 103. The heat storage system 103 is connected to the battery thermal management circuit 101 and the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102, respectively. The heat storage system 103 includes a heat storage device 1031 and a heating device 1032.

[0038] The heating device 1032 is configured to use commercial electricity to supplement heat for the heat storage device 1031 when the battery is charged.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the heating device 1032 is configured to use the mains electricity to supplement heat to the heat storage device 1031 when the battery of the vehicle is charging, so that the heat storage device 1031 can store heat.

[0040] In some embodiments, when the vehicle is in a charging state, the commercial power is used to heat the heating device 1032 , so that the heating device 1032 supplements heat for the heat storage device 1031 .

[0041] In some embodiments, the energy storage medium of the heat storage device 1031 is a phase change material. The weight of the energy storage medium is obtained according to the ambient temperature of the delivery location of the vehicle.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the weight of the energy storage medium is negatively correlated with the ambient temperature of the vehicle delivery location.

[0043] In some embodiments, determining the energy storage medium in the vehicle's heat storage device 1031 includes obtaining the ambient temperature of the vehicle's delivery location and determining the weight of the energy storage medium based on the ambient temperature and a target correspondence relationship. The target correspondence relationship includes multiple temperatures and the weight of the energy storage medium corresponding to each temperature.

[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, the ambient temperature can be the historical lowest temperature at the delivery location or the historical average temperature, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, if the vehicle is delivered to area A, the historical average temperature of area A is collected, and the weight of the vehicle's energy storage medium is determined based on the historical average temperature of area A and the target correspondence.

[0045] In some embodiments, the weight of the energy storage medium is obtained based on the battery capacity of the vehicle and the ambient temperature of the delivery location, wherein the weight of the energy storage medium is positively correlated with the battery capacity.

[0046] To better understand the configuration of energy storage media, e.g. Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a weight configuration method for an energy storage medium, including: S201-S203.

[0047] S201 : Determine the battery capacity of the vehicle and determine the low-temperature heating requirement based on the ambient temperature of the vehicle's delivery location.

[0048] In some embodiments, the low-temperature heating requirement of the vehicle is determined based on the lowest ambient temperature at the delivery location. For example, the lowest ambient temperature is input into a preset requirement determination model to obtain the low-temperature heating requirement.

[0049] In the implementation of this application, the low-temperature heating demand can be the battery heating demand and the passenger compartment heating demand.

[0050] It should be noted that the preset demand determination model may be pre-configured.

[0051] S202 : Determine the heat demand of the battery and the heat demand of the passenger compartment according to the low-temperature heating demand and the battery capacity.

[0052] In some embodiments, when obtaining the low-temperature heating demand and battery capacity, the total heat demand of the battery and the total heat demand of the passenger compartment are determined in the process of the battery power decreasing from a first power to a second power based on the low-temperature heating demand and the battery capacity.

[0053] For example, the battery charge is determined to drop from 100% to 10%, and the total heat demand of the battery and the total heat demand of the passenger compartment are determined.

[0054] It should be noted that the first power level is greater than the second power level, and the first power level and the second power level are pre-configured. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the values ​​of the first power level and the second power level.

[0055] As will be appreciated, the battery of the vehicle is evaluated as it depletes and the heating requirements of the battery and the passenger compartment are determined.

[0056] S203 : Determine the weight of the energy storage medium according to the heat demand of the battery and the heat demand of the passenger compartment.

[0057] In some embodiments, after obtaining the heat demand of the battery and the heat demand of the passenger compartment, a total heat demand is determined based on the heat demand of the battery and the heat demand of the passenger compartment. Furthermore, the total heat demand is determined as the total energy storage of heat storage device 1031, and the type and weight of the energy storage medium are determined based on the total energy storage of heat storage device 1031.

[0058] For example, the total energy storage amount is determined to be Q, the energy storage medium is determined to be phase change material A and the weight of phase change material A, or the energy storage medium is determined to be phase change material B and the weight of phase change material B. In this way, the determined energy storage medium can meet the heating requirements of the vehicle.

[0059] It can be understood that when the battery of the vehicle is depleted, the heat storage device 1031 is used to provide heat to the vehicle, and the heat storage device 1031 that matches the capacity of the battery is provided to the vehicle.

[0060] The heat storage device 1031 is configured to store heat and supply heat to the battery of the vehicle through the battery thermal management loop 101 and / or supply heat to the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the passenger compartment thermal management loop 102 .

[0061] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, it is only necessary to use the heat storage device 1031 to heat the vehicle (such as the battery and the passenger compartment), and there is no need to use the battery's power to provide heat to the vehicle while the vehicle is driving. For example, there is no need to use the battery's power to heat the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater when the vehicle's passenger compartment needs to be heated. In this way, the battery's power can be used for vehicle endurance, avoiding the battery's power being used for vehicle heating. In addition, the heat storage device 1031 is used to store heat and heat the vehicle. Since only energy storage medium is used in the heat storage device 1031, the cost of the heat storage device 1031 is relatively low compared to the cost of the battery, which can reduce the cost of the vehicle.

[0062] The vehicle heating system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application brings at least the following beneficial effects: a heat storage system 103 is configured for the vehicle heating system 10. The heating device 1032 is configured to: use the mains electricity to supplement the heat of the heat storage device 1031 when the battery is charging. The heat storage device 1031 is configured to: store heat and supply heat to the battery of the vehicle through the battery thermal management circuit 101, and / or supply heat to the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102. In this way, when the vehicle is charging, the mains electricity is used to supplement the heat of the heat storage device 1031, so that the heat storage device 1031 stores heat. Subsequently, the heat storage device 1031 supplies heat to the battery of the vehicle through the battery thermal management circuit 101, and / or supplies heat to the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102. In this way, there is no need to use battery power to provide heat to the vehicle, thereby improving the cruising range of electric vehicles in low temperatures.

[0063] In one design, Figure 3 As shown, based on Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present application, a vehicle heating system 10 further includes a heat management system 104, a battery temperature control system 105, and a passenger compartment temperature control system 106. The heat management system 104 is connected to the heat storage system 103, the battery temperature control system 105, and the passenger compartment temperature control system 106, respectively. The battery temperature control system 105 is connected to the battery thermal management circuit 101, and the passenger compartment temperature control system 106 is connected to the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102.

[0064] The thermal management system 104 is configured to: determine the thermal demand of the battery through the battery temperature control system 105, and control the heat storage device 1031 to supply heat to the battery through the battery thermal management circuit 101 based on the thermal demand of the battery; and / or determine the thermal demand of the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment temperature control system 106, and control the heat storage device 1031 to supply heat to the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102 based on the heat demand of the passenger compartment.

[0065] In this embodiment of the present application, the thermal management system 104 controls the heat storage and heat supply of the thermal storage system 103. The thermal management system 104 also interacts with the battery temperature control system 105 and the passenger compartment temperature control system 106 to obtain the heat requirements of the battery temperature control system 105 and the passenger compartment temperature control system 106. Furthermore, the thermal management system 104 interacts with the vehicle's charging system 107 to ensure that the thermal storage system 103 accurately stores heat while the vehicle is charging.

[0066] In one design, the battery temperature control system 105 includes a first temperature sensor 111 for detecting the battery temperature; the battery thermal management circuit 101 includes a first water pump 109; and the thermal management system 104 is configured to: when the battery temperature is less than a first temperature, control the first water pump 109 to operate at full load. When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature and less than a second temperature, control the first water pump 109 to operate at a speed corresponding to a first temperature ratio. The first temperature ratio is the ratio between the battery temperature and a first target temperature. When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature, control the first water pump 109 to stop operating.

[0067] In order to better understand the speed control of the first water pump 109 by the thermal management system 104, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for heating a battery using a heat storage device 1031 , including: S401 - S406 .

[0068] S401 : The thermal management system 104 obtains a heating requirement of a battery.

[0069] In some embodiments, after the vehicle is powered on, the thermal management system 104 obtains the temperature of the battery, and obtains the heating requirement of the battery when the temperature of the battery is less than a first temperature threshold.

[0070] In other embodiments, the thermal management system 104 determines the battery heating requirement based on the battery temperature and the current ambient temperature in response to a battery heating request sent by a management device of the vehicle.

[0071] It should be noted that the first temperature threshold is pre-configured.

[0072] It is understandable that the thermal management system 104 detects the thermal requirements of the battery temperature control system 105 and the cabin temperature control system in real time or periodically.

[0073] S402 : The thermal management system 104 controls the first water pump 109 to operate.

[0074] In some embodiments, upon detecting a heating demand of the battery, the thermal management system 104 controls the first water pump 109 to operate at a first initial speed.

[0075] It should be noted that the first initial rotation speed is pre-configured.

[0076] S403 : The thermal management system 104 obtains the battery temperature collected by the first temperature sensor 111 .

[0077] In some embodiments, upon obtaining the battery temperature, the thermal management system 104 determines the relationship among the battery temperature, the first temperature, and the second temperature.

[0078] It should be noted that the first target temperature, the first temperature and the second temperature are pre-configured, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0079] S404 : When the battery temperature is lower than the first temperature, control the first water pump 109 to operate at full load.

[0080] It is understandable that when the battery temperature is relatively low, the first water pump 109 is controlled to operate at full load, thereby providing more heat to the battery and causing the battery temperature to rise rapidly.

[0081] Subsequently, when the first water pump 109 is operating at full load, the thermal management system 104 periodically or in real time obtains the battery temperature collected by the first temperature sensor 111. When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature and less than the second temperature, the first water pump 109 is controlled to operate at a speed corresponding to the first temperature ratio.

[0082] Finally, as the battery continues to be heated, the battery temperature gradually increases. When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature, the first water pump 109 is controlled to stop operating.

[0083] S405 : When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature and less than the second temperature, control the first water pump 109 to operate at a speed corresponding to the first temperature ratio.

[0084] In some embodiments, the thermal management system 104 obtains a first temperature ratio between the battery temperature and the first target temperature, and determines, based on the first temperature ratio and the full-load speed, an adjusted speed of the first water pump 109. Furthermore, the thermal management system 104 controls the first water pump 109 to operate at the adjusted speed.

[0085] For example, assuming a battery temperature of 20°C, a first target temperature of 40°C, and a full-load speed of 2100 rpm, thermal management system 104 determines the first temperature ratio to be 0.5, calculates the first temperature ratio of 0.5 and the full-load speed of 2100 rpm, and determines the adjusted speed to be 1050 rpm.

[0086] In other embodiments, the thermal management system 104 determines the adjustment speed of the first water pump 109 according to the first temperature ratio and the first correspondence relationship. The first correspondence relationship includes multiple temperature ratios and the speed corresponding to each temperature ratio.

[0087] It can be understood that the speed corresponding to the first temperature ratio is less than the full-load speed.

[0088] S406 : When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature, control the first water pump 109 to stop operating.

[0089] It is understandable that when the battery temperature is high, there is no need to heat the battery.

[0090] In one design, the passenger compartment temperature control system 106 includes a second temperature sensor 112 for detecting the passenger compartment temperature. The passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102 includes a second water pump 110. The thermal management system 104 is configured to: when the passenger compartment temperature is less than a third temperature, control the second water pump 110 to operate at full load. When the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to the third temperature and less than a fourth temperature, control the second water pump 110 to operate at a speed corresponding to a second temperature ratio. The second temperature ratio is the ratio between the passenger compartment temperature and the second target temperature. When the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth temperature, control the second water pump 110 to stop operating.

[0091] In order to better understand the speed control of the first water pump 109 by the thermal management system 104, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for heating a passenger compartment using a heat storage device 1031 , including: S501 - S506 .

[0092] S501 : The thermal management system 104 obtains the heating demand of the passenger compartment.

[0093] In some embodiments, after the vehicle is powered on, the thermal management system 104 obtains the temperature of the passenger compartment and obtains a heating demand of the passenger compartment when the temperature of the passenger compartment is less than a second temperature threshold.

[0094] In other embodiments, the thermal management system 104 determines the heating requirement for the passenger compartment based on a set heating temperature for the passenger compartment and the current ambient temperature in response to a passenger compartment heating request sent by a management device of the vehicle. The set heating temperature may be a heating temperature set by a user.

[0095] It should be noted that the second temperature threshold is pre-configured.

[0096] S502 : The thermal management system 104 controls the second water pump 110 to operate.

[0097] In some embodiments, upon detecting a heating demand of the battery, the thermal management system 104 controls the first water pump 109 to operate at the second initial speed.

[0098] It should be noted that the second initial rotation speed is pre-configured.

[0099] S503 : The thermal management system 104 obtains the passenger compartment temperature collected by the second temperature sensor 112 .

[0100] In some embodiments, upon obtaining the passenger compartment temperature, the thermal management system 104 determines the relationship among the passenger compartment temperature, the third temperature, and the fourth temperature.

[0101] It should be noted that the second target temperature, the third temperature and the fourth temperature are pre-configured, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0102] S504 : When the passenger compartment temperature is lower than a third temperature, control the second water pump 110 to operate at full load.

[0103] It is understandable that when the temperature of the passenger compartment is relatively low, the second water pump 110 is controlled to operate at full load, thereby providing more heat to the passenger compartment and causing the temperature of the passenger compartment to rise rapidly.

[0104] Subsequently, when the second water pump 110 is operating at full load, the thermal management system 104 periodically or in real time obtains the battery temperature collected by the second temperature sensor 112, and when the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to the third temperature and less than the fourth temperature, controls the first water pump 109 to operate at a speed corresponding to the second temperature ratio.

[0105] Finally, as the passenger compartment continues to be heated, the temperature of the passenger compartment gradually increases. When the temperature of the passenger compartment is greater than or equal to the fourth temperature, the second water pump 110 is controlled to stop operating.

[0106] S505 : When the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to the third temperature and less than the fourth temperature, control the second water pump 110 to operate at a speed corresponding to the second temperature ratio.

[0107] In some embodiments, the thermal management system 104 obtains a second temperature ratio between the passenger compartment temperature and the second target temperature, and determines the adjusted speed of the second water pump 110 based on the second temperature ratio and the full-load speed. Furthermore, the thermal management system 104 controls the first water pump 109 to operate at the adjusted speed.

[0108] In other embodiments, the thermal management system 104 determines the adjusted speed of the first water pump 109 according to the second temperature ratio and the second corresponding relationship. The second corresponding relationship includes multiple temperature ratios and the speed corresponding to each temperature ratio.

[0109] It can be understood that the speed corresponding to the second temperature ratio is less than the full-load speed.

[0110] S506 : When the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to a fourth temperature, control the second water pump 110 to stop operating.

[0111] In some embodiments, if the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to a fourth temperature, the second water pump 110 is controlled to stop operating. Subsequently, the thermal management system 104 periodically or in real time obtains the passenger compartment temperature and, if the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to the third temperature and less than the fourth temperature and there is a demand for heating in the passenger compartment, controls the second water pump 110 to operate at a speed corresponding to the second temperature ratio.

[0112] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle heating system 10 further includes a first water pump 109 , a second water pump 110 , a first temperature sensor 111 , and a second temperature sensor 112 , and the thermal management system 104 is connected to the first water pump 109 , the second water pump 110 , the first temperature sensor 111 , and the second temperature sensor 112 , respectively.

[0113] Understandably, there is no need to heat the battery when the passenger compartment temperature is high.

[0114] In one design, Figure 3As shown, the vehicle heating system 10 further includes a charging system 107, which is connected to the thermal management system 104 and the battery thermal management circuit 101. The thermal management system 104 is further configured to, in response to detecting that the vehicle has begun charging, determine the heat demand of the thermal storage system 103 and transmit the heat demand of the thermal storage system 103 to the charging system 107. The charging system 107 is configured to, based on the heat demand of the thermal storage system 103 and the battery charge requirement, determine a first power requirement to be allocated to the battery and a second power requirement to be allocated to the thermal storage system 103.

[0115] In order to better understand the use of the heating device 1032 to heat the heat storage device 1031, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle heating system 10 further includes a power decomposition system 108, which is connected to the charging power and heat storage system 103. The heat storage system 103 also includes a detection device 1033, which is connected to the heat storage device 1031. Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for heating a heat storage device 1031 , the method comprising: S601 - S610 .

[0116] S601 : The thermal management system 104 detects through the charging system 107 that the vehicle is being charged.

[0117] In some embodiments, when the vehicle begins charging, the thermal management system 104 detects that the vehicle is charging via the charging system 107 .

[0118] S602 : The heat management system 104 determines the heat storage amount of the heat storage device 1031 .

[0119] In some embodiments, the heat management system 104 instructs the heat storage system 103 to determine the required heat storage capacity of the heat storage device 1031. Accordingly, the heat storage system 103 determines the required heat storage capacity of the heat storage device 1031 based on the current temperature and weight of the energy storage medium in the heat storage device 1031 and the target heating temperature. Subsequently, the heat storage system 103 transmits the required heat storage capacity of the heat storage device 1031 to the heat management system 104.

[0120] S603 , the heat management system 104 sends the heat stored in the heat storage device 1031 to the charging system 107 .

[0121] Accordingly, the charging system 107 obtains the heat storage demand of the heat storage device 1031 .

[0122] S604 : The charging system 107 determines a first power consumption of the battery and a second power consumption of the heat storage device 1031 .

[0123] As a possible implementation method, the charging system 107 determines the first power consumption of the battery and the second power consumption of the heat storage device 1031 according to the heat storage requirement, the battery charging power requirement and the total power supply.

[0124] In some embodiments, the charging system 107 allocates the second power to the heat storage device 1031 based on the heat storage demand and a preset power algorithm. Furthermore, the charging system 107 allocates the first power to the battery based on the second power and the total power supply.

[0125] In some embodiments, the charging system 107 determines a first power requirement for the battery based on the required charging time and the current remaining charge level of the battery. The configured charging time can be configured by the driver or passenger. Furthermore, the charging system 107 determines a second power requirement for the heat storage device 1031 based on the first power requirement and the total power supply.

[0126] In other embodiments, the charging system 107 determines the power allocation to the heat storage device 1031 and the battery based on the total power supply and a preset allocation algorithm. For example, the charging system 107 allocates 40% of the total power supply to the heat storage device 1031 and 60% to the battery.

[0127] It should be noted that the preset power algorithm and the preset power distribution algorithm are pre-configured. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the distribution of the total power supply.

[0128] S605 , the charging system 107 supplies power to the heating device 1032 through the power decomposition system 108 .

[0129] In some embodiments, after determining the power supply of the heat storage device 1031 , the charging system 107 supplies power to the heating device 1032 according to the second power through the power decomposition system 108 , so that the heating device 1032 starts heating the energy storage medium of the heat storage device 1031 .

[0130] S606 , the charging system 107 supplies power to the heating device 1032 through the power decomposition system 108 .

[0131] S607: Determine whether the temperature of the energy storage medium of the heat storage device 1031 is greater than or equal to the phase change temperature.

[0132] If yes, execute S608. If no, execute S606.

[0133] In some embodiments, the detection device 1033 detects the temperature of the energy storage medium in real time or periodically, and determines whether the temperature of the energy storage medium is greater than or equal to the phase transition temperature.

[0134] In the embodiment of the present application, the criteria for determining whether the temperature of the energy storage medium is greater than or equal to the phase transition temperature may be: the temperatures detected at three or more temperature detection points are greater than or equal to the phase transition temperature, or the temperatures at two temperature detection points rise to a preset heating temperature within a preset time period and remain at that temperature for at least a preset time period. For example, if the detection device 1033 detects that the temperature of the energy storage medium at two locations rises by 5°C to 35°C within 10 minutes and remains at 35°C for 1 minute, it determines that the temperature of the energy storage medium is greater than or equal to the phase transition temperature.

[0135] It should be noted that the detection device 1033 can detect multiple temperatures of the energy storage medium. The preset duration, preset time period, and phase transition temperature are pre-configured. If the temperature of the energy storage medium is greater than or equal to the phase transition temperature, it means that the temperature of the energy storage medium has deviated from the phase transition temperature range.

[0136] S608 : The heat management system 104 recalculates the heat storage requirement of the heat storage device 1031 to obtain an updated heat storage requirement.

[0137] S609 : The charging system 107 re-determines the third power consumption of the battery and the fourth power consumption of the heat storage device 1031 .

[0138] In some embodiments, the thermal management system 104 sends the updated heat storage requirement to the charging system 107. Accordingly, the charging system 107 obtains the updated heat storage requirement and recalculates the third power consumption of the battery and the fourth power consumption of the heat storage device 1031 based on the updated heat storage requirement.

[0139] For example, the charging system 107 obtains the updated heat storage demand and reduces the power consumption of the heat storage device 1031. In this way, when the temperature of the heat storage medium is high, the heating power of the heat storage device 1031 is reduced to provide increased charging power to the battery.

[0140] S610 , adjusting the heating power of the heating device 1032 through the power decomposition system 108 .

[0141] In some embodiments, the charging system 107 re-determines a fourth power consumption of the heating device 1032 and sends the fourth power consumption to the power decomposition system 108. Subsequently, the power decomposition system 108 supplies power to the heating device 1032 at the fourth power consumption.

[0142] Finally, when the battery power reaches a preset power level and / or the temperature of the energy storage medium reaches a cut-off temperature, charging of the vehicle is stopped.

[0143] It should be noted that the pre-charge amount and the cut-off temperature are pre-configured and are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0144] In other embodiments, the thermal management system 104 is further connected to a driving behavior monitoring system and a vehicle control system. In this way, the thermal management system 104 can obtain the driver's personal information and driving habit information.

[0145] As will be appreciated, in the embodiments of this application, the vehicle is equipped with a heavier energy storage medium. This allows the energy storage medium to store more heat in low-temperature environments, eliminating the need for batteries to provide heat. Because the cost of the energy storage medium is lower than that of batteries, this can reduce the cost of the vehicle.

[0146] In one design, the thermal management system 104 is configured to determine the thermal demand of the thermal storage system 103 by obtaining thermal demand prediction reference information, the thermal demand prediction reference information including at least one of the following: a driver's driving behavior information, thermal usage preference information, temperature information, weather information, driving route information, charging behavior information, and battery thermal management data. The thermal demand of the thermal storage system 103 is determined based on the thermal demand prediction reference information.

[0147] In one design, the heat management system 104 is configured to determine the heat demand of the heat storage system 103 based on the heat demand prediction reference information, including: extracting the top N most important feature information from the heat demand prediction reference information based on a random forest model, where N is a positive integer; and inputting the N feature information into the heat demand prediction model to obtain the heat demand of the heat storage system 103.

[0148] In some embodiments, upon obtaining heat demand prediction reference information, heat management system 104 inputs the heat demand prediction reference information into a random forest model to obtain the top N most important feature information. Furthermore, heat management system 104 inputs the top N feature information into the heat demand prediction model to determine the heat demand of thermal storage system 103.

[0149] For example, the heat demand prediction reference information includes the driver's driving behavior information, heat usage preference information, temperature information, weather information, driving route information, charging behavior information, and battery thermal management data. The heat management system 104 inputs the heat demand prediction reference information into a random forest model to obtain the top four most important features: heat usage preference information, temperature information, battery thermal management data, and weather information. Furthermore, the heat management system 104 inputs the heat usage preference information, temperature information, battery thermal management data, and weather information into the heat demand prediction model to determine the heat demand of the thermal storage system 103.

[0150] It should be noted that the heat demand prediction model can be a back propagation (BP) neural network model or a convolutional neural network model, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0151] Before using the caloric demand preset model, such as Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a heat demand prediction model, which includes: S701-S704.

[0152] S701. Establish a random forest model.

[0153] In some embodiments, when establishing a random forest model, the random forest model is trained using a large amount of sample data to obtain a trained random forest model. Further, key characteristic information of calorie demand is obtained based on the trained random forest model.

[0154] S702: Establish a BP neural network model.

[0155] In some embodiments, an initial BP neural network model is established, and the initial BP neural network model is trained according to the key feature information to obtain a trained BP neural network model, which is then used as a calorie demand prediction model.

[0156] S703: Configure an initial correction coefficient for the BP neural network model.

[0157] In some embodiments, the heat demand predicted by the trained BP neural network model is corrected based on the correction coefficient to obtain a corrected heat demand. The corrected heat demand is the heat storage demand of the heat storage device 1031. By correcting the heat demand, the heating duration of the heat storage system 103 after each charge is longer than the battery's power supply duration.

[0158] S704: Adjust the initial correction coefficient to obtain the target correction coefficient.

[0159] In some embodiments, the heat demand predicted by the trained BP neural network model is adjusted based on the initial correction coefficient to obtain a corrected heat demand. Furthermore, the corrected heat demand is dynamically adjusted based on the user's driving behavior and environmental changes to obtain an adjusted heat storage capacity, and energy is stored in the heat storage device 1031 based on the adjusted heat storage capacity. Subsequently, the initial correction coefficient is adjusted based on the adjusted heat storage capacity and the corrected heat demand to obtain a target correction coefficient. In this way, the heat storage capacity of the heat storage device 1031 is more closely aligned with the user's personalized needs, achieving energy savings through precise heat management.

[0160] In other embodiments, the vehicle's driving behavior monitoring system is used to obtain driver information, and the vehicle's driver and passenger heat usage information is obtained through the thermal management system 104. Furthermore, based on the driver information and heat usage information, the driver's heat demand is determined, and the battery heating demand and the passenger compartment heating demand during battery depletion are determined. Subsequently, a random forest model and a BP neural network model are established. Finally, based on parameters such as battery parameters, passenger compartment heat demand parameters, ambient temperature, weather, driving behavior parameters, and charging interval time, the random forest model and the BP neural network model are trained to obtain a trained random forest model and a BP neural network model. The random forest model is used to output the top N most important feature information, and the BP neural network model is used to predict the heat demand of the heat storage device 1031.

[0161] In addition, the parameters of the BP neural network are modified according to the usage of the battery and the heat storage usage of the heat storage device 1031.

[0162] In one design, the heat management system 104 is further configured to: correct the heat demand of the heat storage system 103 based on the correction coefficient to obtain a corrected heat demand of the heat storage system 103; wherein the corrected heat demand is used to ensure that the heat usage time of the heat storage system 103 is greater than the battery power usage time.

[0163] In order to better understand the heating method of the heat storage device 1031 in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 8 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a water flow direction of a heat storage device 1031. Figure 8 In the example, the heat storage device 1031 is connected to the first water pump 109, the second water pump 110, the battery thermal management circuit 101 and the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102 respectively. The first water pump 109 is connected to the battery thermal management circuit 101, and the second water pump 110 is connected to the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102. Figure 8 When heat storage device 1031 heats the battery, the water flow is as follows: the heat exchange medium flows through heat storage device 1031, first water pump 109, and battery thermal management circuit 101, and then returns to heat storage device 1031. When heat storage device 1031 heats the passenger compartment, the water flow is as follows: the heat exchange medium flows through heat storage device 1031, second water pump 110, and passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102, and then returns to heat storage device 1031.

[0164] The vehicle heating system 10 provided in the embodiments of the present application provides at least the following beneficial effects: It eliminates existing vehicle heating management systems (such as PTC heating systems), with heat storage device 1031 providing the entire vehicle heat supply. While the vehicle is charging, electrical energy is converted into thermal energy and stored in thermal storage device 1031. Subsequently, the stored heat in thermal storage device 1031 is used to heat the vehicle. This prevents the battery from using a large amount of power to heat the vehicle in low-temperature environments.

[0165] For example, in winter at -30°C, the vehicle's battery is charged with 50 kWh of electricity, of which 25 kWh is used for heating and 25 kWh is used for driving (which reduces the vehicle's range by half). The heat storage device 1031 stores 50 kWh of electrical heat, eliminating the need to use battery power, thereby achieving a low-cost increase in range.

[0166] Based on the above vehicle heating system 10, as Figure 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle heating method, which includes: S901-S902.

[0167] S901 , when the battery is being charged, the heating device 1032 supplies heat to the heat storage device 1031 according to the mains electricity.

[0168] In some embodiments, upon detecting that the battery is charging, the heating power of heat storage device 1031 is determined based on the temperature of the energy storage medium and the ambient temperature, and charging power is allocated to heat storage device 1031 based on the heating power. Furthermore, based on the charging power, mains power is allocated to heating device 1032. Accordingly, heating device 1032 replenishes heat to heat storage device 1031 based on the mains power.

[0169] In other embodiments, when the battery is charging, the charging time of the battery is determined, and when the charging time is greater than or equal to the preset charging time, the AC power is used to power the heating device 1032 so that the heating device 1032 can supplement heat for the heat storage device 1031.

[0170] For example, when the battery charging time is greater than or equal to 30 minutes, the heating device 1032 is powered by commercial power.

[0171] It should be noted that the preset charging time is pre-configured and is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0172] S902 . Supply heat to the battery using the heat stored in the heat storage device 1031 through the battery thermal management circuit 101 ; and / or supply heat to the passenger compartment using the heat stored in the heat storage device 1031 through the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102 .

[0173] In some embodiments, when the battery needs to be heated, the battery thermal management circuit 101 utilizes the heat stored in the heat storage device 1031 to supply heat to the battery. When the passenger compartment needs to be heated, the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102 utilizes the heat stored in the heat storage device 1031 to supply heat to the passenger compartment. When both the battery and the passenger compartment need to be heated, the battery thermal management circuit 101 utilizes the heat stored in the heat storage device 1031 to supply heat to the battery, and the passenger compartment thermal management circuit 102 utilizes the heat stored in the heat storage device 1031 to supply heat to the passenger compartment.

[0174] An embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned vehicle heating system 10.

[0175] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle heating system, the vehicle heating system (10) comprising a battery thermal management circuit (101) and a passenger compartment thermal management circuit (102), characterized in that: The vehicle heating system (10) further includes a heat storage system (103); The heat storage system (103) is connected to the battery thermal management circuit (101) and the passenger compartment thermal management circuit (102) respectively; The heat storage system (103) includes a heat storage device (1031) and a heating device (1032); The heating device (1032) is configured to: utilize commercial electricity to supplement heat for the heat storage device (1031) when the vehicle's battery is charged; The heat storage device (1031) is configured to store heat and supply heat to the battery through the battery thermal management circuit (101), and / or supply heat to the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the passenger compartment thermal management circuit (102).

2. The vehicle heating system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage medium of the heat storage device (1031) is a phase change material; the weight of the energy storage medium is obtained according to the ambient temperature of the delivery location of the vehicle.

3. The vehicle heating system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The vehicle heating system (10) further comprises: a heat management system (104), a battery temperature control system (105), and a passenger compartment temperature control system (106), wherein the heat management system (104) is connected to the heat storage system (103), the battery temperature control system (105), and the passenger compartment temperature control system (106), respectively; The heat management system (104) is configured to: determine the heat demand of the battery through the battery temperature control system (105), and control the heat storage device (1031) to supply heat to the battery through the battery heat management circuit (101) based on the heat demand of the battery; and / or determine the heat demand of the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment temperature control system (106), and control the heat storage device (1031) to supply heat to the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment heat management circuit (102) based on the heat demand of the passenger compartment.

4. The vehicle heating system (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The battery temperature control system (105) includes a first temperature sensor (111) for detecting the battery temperature; the battery thermal management circuit (101) includes a first water pump (109); The thermal management system (104) is configured to: When the battery temperature is lower than a first temperature, controlling the first water pump (109) to operate at full load; When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to a first temperature and less than a second temperature, controlling the first water pump (109) to operate at a speed corresponding to a first temperature ratio; the first temperature ratio is a ratio between the battery temperature and a first target temperature; When the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature, the first water pump (109) is controlled to stop operating.

5. The vehicle heating system (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The passenger compartment temperature control system (106) includes a second temperature sensor (112) for detecting the temperature of the passenger compartment; the passenger compartment thermal management circuit (102) includes a second water pump (110); The thermal management system (104) is configured to: When the passenger compartment temperature is lower than a third temperature, controlling the second water pump (110) to operate at full load; When the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to a third temperature and less than a fourth temperature, controlling the second water pump (110) to operate at a speed corresponding to a second temperature ratio; the second temperature ratio is a ratio between the passenger compartment temperature and a second target temperature; When the passenger compartment temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth temperature, the second water pump (110) is controlled to stop operating.

6. The vehicle heating system (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The vehicle heating system (10) further includes a charging system (107), wherein the charging system (107) is respectively connected to the heat management system (104), the heat storage system (103), and the battery heat management circuit (101); The heat management system (104) is further configured to: in response to detecting that the vehicle starts charging, determine the heat demand of the heat storage system (103), and send the heat demand of the heat storage system (103) to the charging system (107); The charging system (107) is configured to determine a first power consumption allocated to the battery and a second power consumption of the heat storage system (103) based on a heat demand of the heat storage system (103) and a charge demand of the battery.

7. The vehicle heating system (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that The heat management system (104) is specifically configured to: Obtaining heat demand prediction reference information, the heat demand prediction reference information including at least one of the following: driver's driving behavior information, heat usage preference information, temperature information, weather information, driving route information, charging behavior information, and battery thermal management data; Based on the heat demand prediction reference information, the heat demand of the heat storage system (103) is determined.

8. The vehicle heating system (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that The heat management system (104) is specifically configured to: Based on the random forest model, the top N most important feature information is extracted from the heat demand prediction reference information; N is a positive integer; The N characteristic information are input into a heat demand prediction model to obtain the heat demand of the heat storage system (103).

9. The vehicle heating system (10) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that The heat management system (104) is further configured to: correct the heat demand of the heat storage system (103) based on a correction coefficient to obtain a corrected heat demand of the heat storage system (103); wherein the corrected heat demand is used to ensure that the heat usage time of the heat storage system (103) is greater than the power usage time of the battery.

10. A vehicle heating method, characterized in that: Applied to the vehicle heating system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: When the battery is charged, the heating device (1032) supplies heat to the heat storage device (1031) based on the mains electricity; supplying heat to the battery using the heat stored in the heat storage device (1031) through the battery thermal management circuit (101); and / or, The passenger compartment thermal management circuit (102) utilizes the heat stored in the heat storage device (1031) to supply heat to the passenger compartment.

11. The vehicle heating method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The vehicle heating system (10) further includes: a heat management system (104), a battery temperature control system (105), and a passenger compartment temperature control system (106); the method further includes: The battery temperature control system (105) determines the heat demand of the battery, and based on the heat demand of the battery, controls the heat storage device (1031) to supply heat to the battery through the battery thermal management circuit (101); and / or, the passenger compartment temperature control system (106) determines the heat demand of the passenger compartment, and based on the heat demand of the passenger compartment, controls the heat storage device (1031) to supply heat to the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment thermal management circuit (102).

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a vehicle heating system (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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