Horizontal screw conveyor

Abstract

This invention discloses a horizontal screw conveyor, characterized by comprising a drive motor, a gearbox, a coupling, a screw outer cylinder, and a screw shaft. The screw shaft is disposed within and rotatably connected to the screw outer cylinder. The drive motor is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox, the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to one end of the coupling, and the other end of the coupling is connected to the screw shaft. The screw shaft is provided with blades, and the back of the blades is provided with several self-cleaning mechanisms to clean the inner wall of the screw outer cylinder. This invention can clean the adhering materials on the inner wall of the screw outer cylinder, ensuring the cleanliness of the inner wall of the screw outer cylinder, improving the conveying efficiency of viscous materials, and reducing energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of screw conveyor technology, and particularly relates to horizontal screw conveyors. Background Technology

[0002] A screw conveyor is a machine that uses a motor to drive a rotating screw to push materials for conveying purposes. It can convey horizontally, inclined, or vertically, and has advantages such as simple structure, small cross-sectional area, good sealing, convenient operation, easy maintenance, and suitability for enclosed transport. Screw conveyors are divided into two types based on their conveying form: shafted screw conveyors and shaftless screw conveyors. Shafted screw conveyors are suitable for conveying non-sticky dry powder materials and small granular materials (such as cement, fly ash, lime, and grain), while shaftless screw conveyors are suitable for conveying sticky and easily entangled materials (such as sludge, biomass, and garbage). The working principle of a screw conveyor is that the rotating screw blades push the material, and the force that prevents the material from rotating with the screw blades is the material's own weight and the frictional resistance of the screw conveyor casing against the material.

[0003] Material flowability is a key factor affecting horizontal screw conveyors. The conveying of viscous materials is a current challenge. The adhesion and caking of viscous materials to the pipe wall leads to reduced conveying efficiency and high energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a horizontal screw conveyor that can clean the sticky material on the inner wall of the screw outer cylinder, ensure the cleanliness of the inner wall of the screw outer cylinder, improve the conveying efficiency of sticky materials, and reduce energy consumption.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A horizontal screw conveyor, characterized in that it includes a drive motor, a gearbox, a coupling, a screw outer cylinder, and a screw shaft. The screw shaft is disposed in the screw outer cylinder and rotatably connected to the screw outer cylinder. The drive motor is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox. The output shaft of the gearbox is connected to one end of the coupling. The other end of the coupling is connected to the screw shaft. The screw shaft is provided with blades, and the back of the blades is provided with several self-cleaning mechanisms to clean the inner wall of the screw outer cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the intermediate shaft of the gearbox is equipped with a high-torque gear to increase the output torque of the gearbox, and a high-speed gear is equipped on the intermediate shaft of the gearbox to increase the output speed of the gearbox.

[0008] Furthermore, the gearbox is also equipped with a shifting mechanism, which includes a lever, a fixed shaft, a rotating shaft, a rotating arm, and a slider. The fixed shaft is fixed to the gearbox, the rotating shaft is sleeved on the fixed shaft and rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lever, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating arm. The rotating arm is U-shaped, and both ends of the rotating arm are provided with connecting posts. The slider is sleeved on the connecting posts and rotatably connected to the connecting posts. The slider is cylindrical.

[0009] Furthermore, the spiral outer cylinder includes an upper outer cylinder and a lower outer cylinder, which are detachably connected. The upper outer cylinder is provided with an observation hole cover, which is detachably connected to the upper outer cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the self-cleaning mechanism includes a scraper, a fixed plate, and a connecting seat. The scraper is mounted on the fixed plate, and the blade is equipped with a connecting seat, which is connected to the fixed plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed plate is provided with a movable rod, which is mounted on the connecting seat and slidably connected to the connecting seat. A support member is provided on the movable rod, and a spring is provided between the support member and the connecting seat. The spring drives the movable rod to slide so that the scraper is in close contact with the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the support member is threadedly connected to the sliding rod to adjust the position of the support member on the movable rod, and the movable rod is provided with a limiting member to limit the sliding length of the movable rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting seat is provided with a protective shell to accommodate the connecting seat, the connecting seat is provided with a sliding groove, the protective shell is provided with a sliding piece, the sliding piece is disposed in the sliding groove and is slidably connected to the sliding groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the protective shell is provided with a movable groove, and a movable block is provided in the movable groove. The movable block is slidably connected to the movable groove. A top pressure spring is provided between the movable block and the movable sleeve so that the end of the movable block presses against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder. The end of the movable block is provided with a ball groove, and a rotatable ball is provided in the ball groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixing plate has a curved arc structure, and the bending direction of the fixing plate is consistent with the moving direction of the scraper.

[0016] The present invention, by adopting the above-described technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention removes adhering and hardened materials from the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder by providing several self-cleaning mechanisms on the back of the blades. The intermediate shaft of the gearbox is additionally equipped with a high-torque gear, which can further increase the output torque of the gearbox with a fixed motor power. Through the synergistic effect of the gearbox and the self-cleaning mechanisms, the conveying efficiency of viscous materials is improved and energy consumption is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal screw conveyor of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral outer cylinder in this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gearbox structure in this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for removing the gearbox cover in this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gearbox cover in this invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox in this invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the shifting mechanism and the jaw clutch sleeve in this invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gear shifting mechanism in this invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the self-cleaning mechanism in this invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the protective shell and the connecting seat in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram, 1-drive motor; 2-gearbox; 3-coupling; 4-spiral outer cylinder; 5-spiral shaft; 6-blade; 7-self-cleaning mechanism; 8-high torque gear; 9-high speed gear; 10-shifting mechanism; 11-lever; 12-fixed shaft; 13-rotating shaft; 14-rotating arm; 15-slider; 16-connecting column; 17-upper outer cylinder; 18-lower outer cylinder; 19-observation hole cover; 20-scraper; 21-fixed plate; 22-connecting seat; 23-moving rod; 24-support component; 25-spring; 26-limiting component; 27-protective shell; 28-slide groove; 29-slide plate; 30-moving groove; 31-moving block; 32-top pressure spring; 33-ball bearing; 34-oil injection hole; 35-inspection window; 36-output shaft; 37-input shaft; 38-intermediate shaft; 39-box cover; 40-jaw clutch outer sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] like Figures 1 to 10The diagram shows a horizontal screw conveyor of the present invention, comprising a drive motor 1, a gearbox 2, a coupling 3, a screw outer cylinder 4, and a screw shaft 5. The drive motor 1 serves as the power source for the conveyor, driving the screw shaft 5 to rotate and convey materials. The gearbox 2 changes the speed and torque from the drive motor 1. The coupling 3 connects the gearbox 2 and the screw shaft 5. The screw outer cylinder 4 has a conveying cavity inside for material movement, cooperating with the screw shaft 5 and blades 6 to convey materials. Specifically, the screw shaft 5 is located in the screw outer cylinder 4 and rotatably connected to it. The drive motor 1 is connected to the input shaft 37 of the gearbox 2, the output shaft 36 of the gearbox 2 is connected to one end of the coupling 3, and the other end of the coupling 3 is connected to the screw shaft 5. The screw shaft 5 is provided with blades 6, and the back of the blades 6 is provided with several self-cleaning mechanisms 7 to clean the inner wall of the screw outer cylinder 4. With the above configuration, when the conveyor is working, the rotation of the screw shaft 5 and the blades 6 drives the self-cleaning mechanisms 7 to rotate, thereby scraping off the material adhering to and caked on the inner wall of the screw outer cylinder 4. The surface of blade 6 is coated with tungsten carbide-based composite material (WC-Co) and superimposed with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) modified layer. The friction coefficient is ≤0.1, which effectively improves the conveying efficiency and reduces energy consumption.

[0031] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, in one implementation, the intermediate shaft 38 of the gearbox 2 is equipped with a high-torque gear 8 to increase the output torque of the gearbox 2, and a high-speed gear 9 to increase the output speed of the gearbox 2. Through these settings, an additional set of high-torque gears 8 and high-speed gears 9 is added to the conventional gearbox 2 design to match the conveyor speed under different viscosities and operating postures, improving the conveyor's adaptability to various working conditions and increasing energy efficiency. Furthermore, this gearbox 2 features a modular design, making maintenance convenient, easy to manufacture, requiring low assembly precision, saving costs, and offering good economic benefits.

[0032] Specifically, the gearbox 2 also includes a shifting mechanism 10, which comprises a lever 11, a fixed shaft 12, a rotating shaft 13, a rotating arm 14, and a slider 15. The fixed shaft 12 is fixed to the gearbox 2. The rotating shaft 13 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 12 and rotatably connected to it. One end of the rotating shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the lever 11, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotating arm 14. The rotating arm 14 is U-shaped, and both ends of the rotating arm 14 are provided with connecting posts 16. The slider 15 is sleeved on the connecting posts 16 and rotatably connected to them. The slider 15 is cylindrical. The slider 15 is generally positioned in the annular groove of the jaw clutch outer sleeve 40, facilitating the movement of the jaw clutch outer sleeve by the slider 15 to achieve gear shifting. The general rectangular slider 15 is replaced with a cylindrical slider 15, and the fixed connection between the slider 15 and the rotating arm 14 is changed to a rotatable connection. With the above settings, the slider 15 is rotated under force, and the sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, which greatly reduces running friction, reduces shifting resistance, and improves the efficiency of the gearbox.

[0033] In this embodiment, the top of the cover 39 of the gearbox 2 is provided with an oil filling hole 34 and an inspection window 35. The oil filling hole 34 is located on the top of the cover 39, which can reduce the drop in oil level inside the gearbox 2 and reduce oil leakage. The oil inlet of the gearbox 2 is located above the high-speed shaft, which can directly lubricate the high-speed shaft, while the low-speed shaft uses splash lubrication, thereby reducing the oil level in the gearbox 2 and reducing oil leakage.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, in one implementation, the spiral outer cylinder 4 includes an upper outer cylinder 17 and a lower outer cylinder 18, which are detachably connected. The upper outer cylinder 17 is provided with an observation hole cover 19, which is detachably connected to the upper outer cylinder 17. This design facilitates the disassembly of the upper outer cylinder 17, enabling cleaning and maintenance of the spiral outer cylinder 4, ensuring cleanliness inside the spiral outer cylinder 4, and improving material conveying efficiency. Furthermore, the detachability of the upper outer cylinder 17 facilitates the installation of a self-cleaning mechanism 7 on the blades 6, and allows for timely replacement of the scraper blades of the self-cleaning mechanism 7 after wear.

[0035] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in one implementation, the self-cleaning mechanism 7 includes a scraper 20, a fixing plate 21, and a connecting seat 22. The scraper 20 is mounted on the fixing plate 21, and the blade 6 is provided with a connecting seat 22, which is connected to the fixing plate 21. Through this arrangement, the scraper 20 is fixed on the blade 6, thereby achieving self-cleaning during conveyor operation. To avoid the self-cleaning mechanism 7 affecting material conveying, it is generally located on the back of the blade 6. The scraper 20 is fixed to the fixing plate 21 with bolts, facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the scraper 20.

[0036] Specifically, the fixed plate 21 is provided with a movable rod 23, which is mounted on and slidably connected to the connecting seat 22. A support member 24 is provided on the movable rod 23, and a spring 25 is provided between the support member 24 and the connecting seat 22. The spring 25 drives the movable rod 23 to slide so that the scraper 20 is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4. Through this arrangement, the scraper 20 can be pressed against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4 under certain pressure, improving the cleaning effect. Furthermore, after the scraper 20 has worn down from prolonged use, the spring 25 also ensures that the worn scraper 20 remains firmly pressed against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4, guaranteeing the cleaning effect of the self-cleaning mechanism 7.

[0037] In this embodiment, the support member 24 is threadedly connected to the sliding rod to adjust the position of the support member 24 on the movable rod 23. The movable rod 23 is provided with a limiting member 26 to limit the sliding length of the movable rod 23. The support member 24 allows for adjustment of the pressure of the scraper 20, which can be adaptively adjusted according to the properties of the material. If the material is highly viscous, the pressure of the scraper 20 against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4 is increased to improve the cleaning effect; if the material is less viscous, the pressure of the scraper 20 against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4 is reduced to decrease friction. The limiting member 26 serves a limiting function. When the scraper 20 is exhausted, it will press the fixing plate 21 against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4, damaging the inner wall. The limiting member 26 restricts the sliding stroke of the movable rod 23, preventing the fixing plate 21 from pressing against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4.

[0038] As one implementation, the connecting seat 22 is provided with a protective shell 27 to accommodate the connecting seat 22. The connecting seat 22 has a sliding groove 28, and the protective shell 27 has a sliding piece 29. The sliding piece 29 is disposed in the sliding groove 28 and slidably connected to the sliding groove 28. This arrangement prevents materials from entering the interior of the self-cleaning mechanism 7, thus avoiding its use, and also prevents materials from adhering to and being difficult to clean inside the self-cleaning mechanism 7. The use of the sliding groove 28 and the sliding piece 29 facilitates the connection between the protective shell 27 and the connecting seat 22, enabling quick disassembly and assembly. The detachable connection also facilitates the replacement and cleaning of the protective shell 27.

[0039] Specifically, the protective shell 27 is provided with a movable groove 30, and a movable block 31 is provided in the movable groove 30. The movable block 31 is slidably connected to the movable groove 30. A top pressure spring 32 is provided between the movable block 31 and the movable groove 30 so that the end of the movable block 31 presses against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4. The end of the movable block 31 is provided with a ball groove, and a rotatable ball 33 is provided in the ball groove. With the above configuration, the ball bearings 33 on the movable block 31 can be pressed against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4. During the pressing process, the ball bearings 33 rotate with the spiral shaft 5, thereby squeezing and cutting the material adhering to the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4, making the subsequent scraping by the scraper 20 easier and improving the cleaning effect of the scraper 20. At the same time, the protective shell can be locked in the slide groove under the reaction force of the pressing spring, realizing the fixation of the protective shell. The fixation effect is good, and it makes the disassembly and assembly of the protective shell more convenient. When disassembling, by squeezing towards the movable block, the slide blade slides out of the slide groove, thereby realizing quick disassembly. Similarly, when installing, after pressing the ball bearings against the inner wall, the protective shell is squeezed so that the slide blade can be aligned with the slide groove, and then released to make the slide blade lock into the slide groove to realize the installation of the protective shell. Since the scraper blade 20 is generally made of a flexible material such as rubber, it is difficult to scrape off hardened or firmly adhered materials. However, by setting ball bearings 33 at the front end of the scraper blade 20, the adhering materials can be squeezed and cut, making it easier for the materials to peel off from the inner wall. The width of the movable block 31 is the same as the width of the scraper blade 20, and several ball bearing grooves are set on the movable block 31.

[0040] In this embodiment, the fixing plate 21 is a curved arc structure, and the bending direction of the fixing plate 21 is consistent with the moving direction of the scraper 20. The arc structure can support the scraper 20 and prevent the scraper 20 from bending in the opposite direction during operation, which would reduce its cleaning ability.

[0041] The viscous material conveyed in this invention is mainly viscous coal. According to the design specifications for the horizontal screw power of a continuous conveying equipment screw unloader in the "Engineering Machinery Handbook" (Port Machinery, Tsinghua University Press):

[0042] (Formula 1)

[0043] Where: K is the power reserve coefficient.

[0044] η drive motor transmission efficiency

[0045] Q production efficiency t / h

[0046] μ running resistance

[0047] L conveying length m

[0048] D Helix Diameter m

[0049] therefore

[0050] (Formula 2)

[0051] As can be seen from the above formula, when conveying coal with different characteristics in the same horizontal screw conveyor section, the main factors affecting the production efficiency Q are the operating resistance μ and the motor power P. The smaller the operating resistance and the larger the motor power, the higher the horizontal screw conveyor efficiency.

[0052] Since the motor power of a screw conveyor mainly affects the output torque, under the premise that the motor power remains constant, the gearbox of this invention adds a set of high-speed gears 9 and a first-stage shifting mechanism 10. When conveying materials with high viscosity, it requires low speed and high torque; when conveying materials with low viscosity and good flowability, the resistance is low, and it can use high speed and low torque, thereby meeting the rated conveying efficiency under different characteristics.

[0053] Because there is a certain gap between the spiral blades 6 and the cylinder wall during screw conveying, coal will adhere to the cylinder wall when conveying sticky coal, greatly increasing the frictional resistance during conveying. According to the manual, the static friction coefficient between coal particles is 0.8, while the static friction coefficient between coal and blades 6 is 0.4. Using the composite coating of this application, the static friction coefficient is ≤0.1. Coal adhering to the cylinder wall causes the main resistance during conveying to become friction between coal particles. Adding scrapers 20, which act like "knives" or "plows," actively cuts into any arched or clump-like materials as they rotate with the spiral shaft 5. The outer edge of the scrapers 20 is usually designed to be very close to the inner wall of the conveyor cylinder, thus minimizing the frictional movement between coal particles during conveying and converting it back into friction between the blades 6 and the coal. According to formulas 1 and 2, operating resistance is another key factor affecting conveying efficiency, and the operating resistance coefficient is mainly frictional resistance, which is positively correlated with the friction coefficient. Therefore, adding scrapers 20 can significantly improve the efficiency of conveying sticky coal.

[0054] This invention removes materials that are stuck or caked on the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 4 by providing several self-cleaning mechanisms 7 on the back of the blade 6. The intermediate shaft 38 of the gearbox 2 is additionally provided with a high-torque gear 8, which can further increase the output torque of the gearbox 2 when the motor power is fixed. Through the synergistic effect of the gearbox 2 and the self-cleaning mechanism 7, the conveying efficiency of viscous materials is improved and energy consumption is reduced.

[0055] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal screw conveyor, characterized in that: The device includes a drive motor, a gearbox, a coupling, a spiral outer cylinder, and a spiral shaft. The spiral shaft is disposed in the spiral outer cylinder and rotatably connected to the spiral outer cylinder. The drive motor is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox. The output shaft of the gearbox is connected to one end of the coupling. The other end of the coupling is connected to the spiral shaft. The spiral shaft is provided with blades, and the back of the blades is provided with several self-cleaning mechanisms to clean the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder. The self-cleaning mechanism includes a scraper, a fixed plate, and a connecting seat. The scraper is disposed on the fixed plate, and the blade is provided with a connecting seat, which is connected to the fixed plate. The connecting seat is provided with a protective shell to accommodate the connecting seat, the connecting seat is provided with a sliding groove, the protective shell is provided with a sliding piece, the sliding piece is disposed in the sliding groove and slidably connected to the sliding groove; The protective shell is provided with a movable groove, and a movable block is provided in the movable groove. The movable block is slidably connected to the movable groove. A top pressure spring is provided between the movable block and the movable groove so that the end of the movable block presses against the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder. The end of the movable block is provided with a ball groove, and a rotatable ball is provided in the ball groove.

2. The horizontal screw conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate shaft of the gearbox is equipped with a high-torque gear to increase the output torque of the gearbox, and the intermediate shaft of the gearbox is equipped with a high-speed gear to increase the output speed of the gearbox.

3. The horizontal screw conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gearbox also includes a shifting mechanism, which comprises a lever, a fixed shaft, a rotating shaft, a rotating arm, and a slider. The fixed shaft is fixed to the gearbox, and the rotating shaft is sleeved on the fixed shaft and rotatably connected to it. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the lever, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotating arm. The rotating arm is U-shaped, and both ends of the rotating arm are provided with connecting posts. The slider is sleeved on the connecting posts and rotatably connected to them. The slider is cylindrical.

4. The horizontal screw conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral outer cylinder includes an upper outer cylinder and a lower outer cylinder, which are detachably connected. The upper outer cylinder is provided with an observation hole cover, which is detachably connected to the upper outer cylinder.

5. The horizontal screw conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed plate is provided with a movable rod, which is mounted on the connecting seat and slidably connected to the connecting seat. A support member is provided on the movable rod, and a spring is provided between the support member and the connecting seat. The spring drives the movable rod to slide so that the scraper is in close contact with the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder.

6. The horizontal screw conveyor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support member is threadedly connected to the sliding rod to adjust the position of the support member on the movable rod, and the movable rod is provided with a limiting member to limit the sliding length of the movable rod.

7. The horizontal screw conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate has a curved arc structure, and the bending direction of the fixing plate is consistent with the moving direction of the scraper.

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