Method for recovering uranium metal in spent fuel through molten salt electrolytic refining and molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for hot chamber

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal through a molten liquid electrolysis method, in particular to a method for recovering uranium metal in spent fuel through molten salt electrolytic refining and molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for a hot cell, and the method comprises the steps that the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment is set to be in an inert atmosphere; conveying the molten salt to molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; heating the molten salt; loading the spent fuel into the anode and then inserting the anode into the reaction space; immersing the cathode into the fused salt; after the electrolytic reaction is completed, the power supply is cut off, and the cathode is transferred to an electrolytic product scraping and collecting device so as to scrape an electrolytic product on the cathode; according to the method, operation is carried out in the low-water-oxygen sealed atmosphere, the molten salt is prevented from absorbing water, the electrolysis products separated out through electrolysis are prevented from being oxidized, the uranium metal recovery efficiency is guaranteed, the spent fuel treatment requirement is met, meanwhile, no personnel participation is needed in the recovery process, and the automation degree is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by molten liquid electrolysis, and in particular to a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining and a molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for a hot cell. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Spent fuel refers to nuclear fuel that has been used in a reactor for a period of time and contains nuclides that can be recycled. This fuel is usually recycled and processed.

[0004] Currently, molten salt electrolytic refining is a common method for treating spent fuel and is widely used for recycling. This method primarily involves dissolving radionuclides in the spent fuel in the molten salt through an electrolytic reaction, which then precipitates out from the cathode. The cathode precipitates are then recovered. However, current industrial spent fuel recycling methods are insufficient to meet the needs of spent fuel treatment, and improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A brief overview of the present application is provided below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify key or important portions of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is simply to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be discussed later.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining, which is achieved by electrolyzing the spent fuel using molten salt electrolytic refining equipment, and includes the following steps: S1, setting the working environment of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment to an inert gas atmosphere and the inert gas meets the preset gas atmosphere requirements, wherein the working environment has been subjected to radiation-resistant protection treatment; S2, transporting the molten salt for electrolysis to the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S3, heating the molten salt and maintaining the molten salt in a liquid state; S4, The anode is loaded into the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S5, the anode loaded with spent fuel is inserted into the reaction space of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S6, the cathode in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment is immersed in molten salt; S7, the power supply of the anode and the cathode is turned on to start the electrolysis reaction; S8, after the electrolysis reaction is completed, the power supply is turned off and the cathode is transferred to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment to scrape the electrolysis product on the cathode using the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device; S9, the electrolysis product on the cathode is collected, and the electrolysis product is uranium metal including molten salt.

[0007] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application starts the electrolysis reaction by inserting the anode containing spent fuel in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment into the reaction space and connecting the power supply in an inert gas atmosphere. After the electrolysis reaction is completed, the cathode in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment is transferred to the electrolysis product scraping and collection device to scrape and collect the electrolysis products on the cathode so that uranium metal can be subsequently extracted from the electrolysis products. The entire recovery process is carried out in an inert atmosphere, and the entire electrolysis reaction can be operated in a low-water and oxygen sealed atmosphere, which is conducive to preventing the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the electrolysis products precipitated by electrolysis from being oxidized, so as to ensure the recovery efficiency of uranium metal and meet the requirements for the treatment of spent fuel. At the same time, no operator participation is required in the recovery process, and the degree of automation is high.

[0008] On the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for a hot chamber, which is used to implement the method of the embodiments of the present application by electrolyzing spent fuel, and includes: an electrolytic heating device, the electrolytic heating device is used to accommodate molten salt, the molten salt is used to provide a medium for the electrolysis of spent fuel, and the molten salt is melted before electrolysis; a cathode and a cathode transport device, the cathode is detachably fixed to the cathode transport device, the cathode transport device transports the cathode to the electrolytic heating device, and after the electrolysis is completed, the cathode is transported away from the electrolytic heating device; an anode and an anode transport device, the anode is detachably fixed to the anode transport device, and the anode transport device transports the anode The cathode is transported to the electrolytic heating device. After the electrolysis is completed, the anode is transported away from the electrolytic heating device, and the spent fuel is set in the anode; the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, the cathode transport device transports the cathode to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device scrapes the cathode, collects the scrapings, and transports the scrapings to the next process; the electrolysis heating device moving component, the electrolysis heating device is arranged on the electrolysis heating device moving component, so that the electrolysis heating device can be moved to the hoisting station; the cathode conductive device, when the cathode is arranged in the electrolysis heating device, is arranged to be connected to the cathode conductive device to energize the cathode.

[0009] These and other advantages of the present application will become more apparent through the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] To further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the present application, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, together with the detailed description below, are incorporated into and form a part of this specification. Elements with the same function and structure are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that these drawings depict only typical examples of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 4 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of the anode and anode transfer device of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an anode of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 6 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable assembly of an electrolytic heating device of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed component in the moving component of the electrolytic heating device shown;

[0018] Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a cathode conductive device in a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an electrolytic heating device of a molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed connection part of the electrolytic heating device according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 10. Electrolytic heating device; 111. Second clearance groove; 12. Electrolytic heating frame; 13. Temperature measuring element; 14. Cover; 141. Anode insertion hole; 142. Cathode insertion hole; 143. Temperature measuring hole; 144. First clearance groove; 15. Pickup element; 151. Pickup portion; 152. Reinforcement portion; 16. Sealing element; 17. Positioning element; 18. Fixed connector; 181. Connecting body; 182. Operating body; 183. Fixing portion;

[0024] 20. cathode; 21. first cathode body; 22. second cathode body; 221. clamping fitting portion; 23. cathode support portion;

[0025] 30. Cathode transport device; 31. Transport assembly; 311. First transport member; 312. Second transport member; 313. Third transport member; 32. Transport connector; 33. Rotary drive member; 331. Cathode transport clamp; 332. Rotary drive member; 34. Cathode transport frame; 341. First cathode transport rack; 342. Second cathode transport rack;

[0026] 40. Anode; 41. Anode basket; 42. First anode support; 43. Second anode support; 44. Feeding unit; 45. Stirring unit;

[0027] 50. Anode transfer device;

[0028] 60. Electrolysis product scraping and collecting device;

[0029] 70. Moving assembly of electrolytic heating device; 71. Driving member; 711. Driving portion; 712. Connecting portion; 72. Support member; 721. First supporting portion; 722. Second supporting portion;

[0030] 723, fixing assembly; 7231, fixing member; 7232, operating connecting member; 72321, connecting portion; 72322, operating portion; 72323, operating matching portion; 7233, elastic member; 73, follower; 731, follower; 732, matching portion; 74, electrolytic heating mounting member;

[0031] 80. Cathode conductive device; 81. Conductive member; 811. First conductive part; 812. Second conductive part; 813. Moving part; 8131. Moving track; 8132. Moving mounting member; 814. Insulating member; 815. Mounting connector; 8161. Conductive driving member; 8162. Driving connecting member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the process of developing any such actual implementation in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as meeting those constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. In addition, it should be understood that although the development work may be very complex and time-consuming, it is a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0033] It is also necessary to explain here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, the accompanying drawings only show the device structure and / or processing steps that are closely related to the solution according to the present application, while other details that are not closely related to the present application are omitted.

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by persons having ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, “multiple” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] The inventors of the present application have discovered that, when recovering uranium metal from spent fuel, most related technologies employ a molten salt electrolytic refining process to electrolyze the spent fuel to obtain an electrolysis product containing uranium metal, thereby extracting the uranium metal. However, during the electrolysis process, since molten salt easily absorbs water and the performance of the molten salt as a medium decreases after absorbing water, and the spent fuel is also radioactive, when electrolyzing the spent fuel, it is necessary to ensure that the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment meets the conditions for processing high-burnup, highly radioactive spent fuel in a high-temperature molten salt medium, and the processes involved in the electrolysis process also need to be operated in a radioactive environment. The current process for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel using the molten salt electrolytic refining process cannot meet the treatment needs of spent fuel.

[0037] In response to the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for recovering uranium metal in spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining. The recovery method can be achieved by electrolyzing the spent fuel using molten salt electrolytic refining equipment. Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps S1 to S9.

[0038] S1. Setting the working environment of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment to an inert gas atmosphere and the inert gas meeting the preset gas atmosphere requirements, wherein the working environment has been subjected to radiation-resistant protection treatment.

[0039] S2. The molten salt used for electrolysis is transported to the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment.

[0040] S3. Heating the molten salt and maintaining the molten salt in a liquid state.

[0041] S4. Load the spent fuel into the anodes of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment.

[0042] S5. Insert the anode containing the spent fuel into the reaction space of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment.

[0043] S6. Immerse the cathode in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment in the molten salt.

[0044] S7. Turn on the power supply of the anode and cathode to start the electrolysis reaction.

[0045] S8. After the electrolysis reaction is completed, the power supply is cut off and the cathode is transferred to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device in the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment to scrape the electrolysis product on the cathode using the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device.

[0046] S9. Collecting electrolysis products on the cathode, where the electrolysis products are uranium metal including molten salt.

[0047] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application starts the electrolysis reaction by inserting the anode containing spent fuel in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment into the reaction space and connecting the power supply in an inert gas atmosphere. After the electrolysis reaction is completed, the cathode in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment is transferred to the electrolysis product scraping and collection device to scrape and collect the electrolysis products on the cathode so that uranium metal can be subsequently extracted from the electrolysis products. The entire recovery process is carried out in an inert atmosphere, and the entire electrolysis reaction can be operated in a low-water and oxygen sealed atmosphere, which is conducive to preventing the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the electrolysis products precipitated by electrolysis from being oxidized, so as to ensure the recovery efficiency of uranium metal and meet the requirements for the treatment of spent fuel. At the same time, no operator participation is required in the recovery process, and the degree of automation is high.

[0048] The method for recovering uranium metal in spent fuel provided in the embodiments of the present application can be carried out in a hot chamber.

[0049] In some embodiments, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include an electrolytic heating device to heat the molten salt and maintain the heated molten salt in a liquid state. In step S2, the molten salt for electrolysis may be transported to the electrolytic heating device of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment.

[0050] In some embodiments, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include a high-temperature liquid molten salt pump. The electrolytic heating device body may be formed with a molten salt inlet and outlet channel connected to the high-temperature liquid molten salt pump to achieve automatic molten salt inlet and outlet.

[0051] In some embodiments, in step S3, heating the molten salt may include: heating the molten salt in different heating stages, wherein the heating temperatures set in different heating stages are different.

[0052] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application heats the molten salt in different heating stages, which can avoid the formation of temperature gradients, thereby facilitating a more uniform heating temperature in each region of the molten salt.

[0053] In some embodiments, in step S3, heating the molten salt may also include: setting different heating temperatures for different areas in the reaction space, so as to facilitate the formation of different temperature gradients in the extension direction of the reaction space, so that the molten salt can maintain a molten state while avoiding the molten salt temperature in the upper part of the body being too high and volatilizing to the outside of the body through the opening of the body.

[0054] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device may include a body and a cover, wherein the body forms a cavity, the molten salt is disposed in the cavity, the cover is connected to the body, and the cover is provided with a matching groove, and the cathode is inserted into the cavity through the matching groove.

[0055] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device may form different heating areas along the extension direction of its body, and different heating temperatures may be set for different heating areas.

[0056] In some embodiments, step S1 may further include: S11: continuously evacuating the working environment; S12: continuously filling the working environment with inert gas, which helps prevent leakage of radioactive substances.

[0057] In some embodiments, step S12 may include: during the process of filling the inert gas, detecting the water and oxygen content in the working environment, and determining that the water and oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirements to ensure that subsequent electrolysis operations can be carried out in the preset gas atmosphere, thereby further preventing the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the electrolysis products precipitated by the electrolysis from being oxidized.

[0058] In some embodiments, determining whether the water and oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirements may include: determining the amount of inert gas to be injected based on the water and oxygen content in the working environment so that the water and oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirements.

[0059] In some embodiments, step S11 may include: purifying the inert gas extracted from the working environment during the process of evacuating the working environment, so as to refill the purified inert gas into the working environment.

[0060] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application can avoid waste of inert gas and reduce resource consumption by purifying the inert gas extracted from the working environment and re-filling the purified inert gas into the working environment.

[0061] In some embodiments, before step S4, the process may further include: weighing the spent fuel so that the spent fuel is loaded into the anode in a predetermined amount. This helps ensure that the spent fuel loaded into the anode is fully immersed in the molten salt, thereby avoiding the situation where part of the spent fuel does not undergo electrolysis reaction.

[0062] In some embodiments, in step S4, during the process of loading the spent fuel into the anode, the spent fuel is loaded in a manner that increases its stacking density, which is conducive to dense stacking of the spent fuel in the anode.

[0063] In some embodiments, the charging process may be performed while vibrating so that the spent fuel can be fully immersed in the liquid charging molten salt.

[0064] In some embodiments, step S4 may include: classifying the spent fuel according to its specifications; and determining the order in which the spent fuel is loaded into the anodes according to different classifications so as to increase the spent fuel stacking density.

[0065] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application first classifies the spent fuel according to its specifications and then determines the order in which the spent fuel is loaded into the anode, which is conducive to achieving the purpose of increasing the stacking density of the spent fuel so that the spent fuel is densely stacked on the anode.

[0066] In some embodiments, spent fuel may be classified according to the size of the spent fuel. When the spent fuel is loaded into the anode, the larger spent fuel is loaded first, and then the smaller spent fuel is loaded.

[0067] In some embodiments, step S8 may include: lifting the cathode out of the molten salt and standing for a predetermined time to avoid dripping of the molten salt liquid, thereby helping to avoid contamination caused by the molten salt liquid and ensuring sufficient recovery of uranium metal.

[0068] In some embodiments, step S7 may include: during the electrolysis process, first using a first predetermined current for electrolysis; then, using a second predetermined current for electrolysis; then, using a third predetermined current for electrolysis; wherein the first predetermined current is smaller than the second predetermined current, and the third predetermined current is smaller than the first predetermined current.

[0069] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application sequentially uses the first predetermined current, the second predetermined current, and the third predetermined current for electrolysis, which is beneficial to uranium metal separation and is beneficial to improving the efficiency of obtaining electrolysis products.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first predetermined current is 200A, the second predetermined current is 700A, and the third predetermined current is 100A.

[0071] In some embodiments, the predetermined current may include multiple current values. For example, the second predetermined current may include multiple current values ​​with gradually increasing currents, with the final current value increasing to 700A.

[0072] In such an embodiment, electrolysis is first performed at a current of 100 A for 2 hours to improve the density of the structure of the obtained electrolysis product; then, electrolysis is performed at a current gradually increased from 200 A, 300 A, 500 A to 700 A for 10 minutes to ensure safety during the current increase process; then, electrolysis is continued at a current of 700 A for a first predetermined working time to ensure the precipitation efficiency of the electrolysis product; then, electrolysis is continued at a current of 200 A for a second predetermined working time to slowly collect the electrolysis product.

[0073] In some embodiments, in step S9, the cathode disposed in the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device is processed using a tool in the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device; wherein processing the cathode may include: determining the tool feed stroke and the speed of axial movement along the cathode according to the shape and size of the precipitate on the cathode; and determining the cathode rotation speed according to the tool feed stroke and the speed of axial movement along the cathode.

[0074] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application determines the tool feed stroke and the speed of axial movement along the cathode according to the shape and size of the precipitates on the cathode to ensure that the tool fully scrapes the precipitates on the cathode to achieve a better scraping effect. Then, the cathode rotation speed is determined according to the tool feed stroke and the speed of axial movement along the cathode, so that the cathode can also rotate during the process of the tool scraping the precipitates, thereby further improving the scraping effect and efficiency of the precipitates.

[0075] In some embodiments, the rotation speed of the cathode, the stroke of the tool feed, and the speed of the tool moving along the axial direction of the cathode satisfy the following expression (1):

[0076]

[0077] Where n is the rotation speed; d is the distance from the point where the tool contacts the deposit on the cathode to the cathode rotation center; a p Indicates the tool feed stroke; v indicates the speed of the tool moving along the axial direction of the cathode.

[0078] The rotation speed of the cathode can be determined relatively accurately and quickly by the above expression (1).

[0079] The embodiments of the present application further provide a molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for a hot cell, which is used to implement the method of recovering uranium metal in spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining of the embodiments of the present application by electrolyzing the spent fuel. Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2As shown, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include an electrolytic heating device 10 , a cathode 20 and a cathode transport device 30 , an anode 40 and an anode transport device 50 , an electrolytic product scraping and collecting device 60 , an electrolytic heating device moving assembly 70 , and a cathode conductive device 80 .

[0080] The electrolysis heating device 10 may be used to contain molten salt, which is used to provide a medium for the electrolysis of spent fuel. The molten salt is melted before electrolysis.

[0081] The cathode 20 and the cathode transport device 30 , the cathode 20 is detachably fixed to the cathode transport device 30 , the cathode transport device 30 transports the cathode 20 into the electrolytic heating device 10 , and after the electrolysis is completed, the cathode 20 is transported away from the electrolytic heating device 10 .

[0082] The anode 40 and the anode transport device 50 are detachably fixed to the anode transport device 50 . The anode transport device 50 transports the anode 40 into the electrolytic heating device 10 . After the electrolysis is completed, the anode 40 is transported away from the electrolytic heating device 10 , and the spent fuel is set in the anode 40 .

[0083] The electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60, the cathode transport device 30 can transport the cathode 20 to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60, the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60 can scrape the cathode 20, collect the scrapings, and transport the scrapings to the next process.

[0084] The electrolytic heating device moving assembly 70 , on which the electrolytic heating device 10 is disposed, enables the electrolytic heating device 10 to be moved to a hoisting station.

[0085] The cathode conductive device 80 is configured to be connected to the cathode conductive device 80 when the cathode 20 is disposed in the electrolytic heating device 10 so as to energize the cathode 20 .

[0086] The embodiment of the present application arranges the electrolysis heating device 10, the cathode 20 and the cathode transfer device 30, the anode 40 and the anode transfer device 50, the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60, the electrolysis heating device moving assembly 70 and the cathode conductive device 80 in the hot chamber, so that the entire electrolysis reaction can be operated in a low-water-oxygen sealed atmosphere, thereby avoiding the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the oxidation of the electrolytically precipitated products, thereby reducing the probability of problems occurring in the electrolysis process, so that the electrolysis reaction can be carried out continuously and meet the requirements for spent fuel treatment; the electrolysis heating device moving assembly 70 is used to move the electrolysis heating device 10 to the lifting station, which can facilitate the maintenance of the electrolysis device and does not require the participation of operators, with a high degree of automation; at the same time, the cathode 20 and the anode 40 are transported respectively by the cathode transfer device 30 and the anode transfer device 50, which can further improve the degree of automation of the electrolysis process.

[0087] In some embodiments, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cathode structure of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the cathode 20 may include a first cathode body 21 and a second cathode body 22. The first cathode body 21 may be used for conducting electricity, and the second cathode body 22 may be used for conducting electricity and providing an attachment space for electrolysis products generated by the electrolysis reaction.

[0088] In some embodiments, the first cathode body 21 and the second cathode body 22 are detachably connected to facilitate replacement of the second cathode body 22 and reuse of the first cathode body 21 .

[0089] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, a clamping fitting portion 221 is formed on the second cathode body 22 of the cathode 20 , and the second cathode body 22 is connected to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60 via the clamping fitting portion 221 , so that the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device 60 can scrape the cathode 20 .

[0090] In some embodiments, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anode and anode transfer device of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anode of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 as well as Figure 5As shown, the anode 40 may include an anode basket 41, a first anode support 42 extending along the direction of the anode basket 41, and a second anode support 43 extending perpendicular to the direction of the anode basket 41. The anode basket 41 contains spent fuel. The first anode support 42 extends within the anode basket 41 and is fixedly connected to the second anode support 43. The second anode support 43 is disposed at the bottom of the anode basket 41. The first anode support 42 and the second anode support 43 enable the anode basket 41 to stably hold the spent fuel.

[0091] In some embodiments, the anode 40 may further include a feeding portion 44 disposed on the anode basket 41. Exemplarily, the feeding portion 44 is shaped like a trumpet. The trumpet-shaped opening of the feeding portion 44 improves feeding efficiency and effectively prevents spent fuel from being delivered to the outside of the anode basket 41.

[0092] like Figure 5 As shown, a stirring portion 45 is formed on the outer side of the anode basket 41 so that when the anode basket 41 rotates, the stirring portion 45 stirs the molten salt. The stirring action of the stirring portion 45 can make the components of the molten salt evenly distributed, which is conducive to the electrolysis reaction.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first anode support 42 is formed as a hollow member, and the hollow member is in fluid communication with the exterior of the anode 40, so that the molten salt can enter the interior of the first anode support 42. This increases the contact area between the molten salt and the spent fuel, facilitating the electrolysis reaction.

[0094] In some embodiments, Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the moving assembly of the electrolytic heating device of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the electrolytic heating device moving assembly 70 may include a driving member 71, a supporting member 72, and a driven member 73. The driving member 71 may include a driving portion 711 and a driving connection portion 712. The driving connection portion 712 is fixedly connected to the electrolytic heating device 10. The driving portion 711 is fixedly disposed on the supporting member 72 and is used to drive the driving connection portion 712 to move.

[0095] In some embodiments, the follower 73 may include a follower portion 731 and a mating portion 732, wherein the mating portion 732 is fixedly disposed on the support member 72; the follower portion 731 is fixedly disposed on the electrolytic heating device 10, and when the driving connection portion 712 drives the electrolytic heating device 10 to move, it can move along the mating portion 732.

[0096] In the embodiment of the present application, the electrolytic heating device 10 can be moved without the intervention of an operator through the mutual cooperation between the driving member 71, the supporting member 72 and the driven member 73, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically moving the electrolytic heating device 10 to the hoisting station.

[0097] In some embodiments, the driving member 71 may be a motor. One end of the driving connection portion 712 may be fixedly connected to the electrolytic heating device 10, and the other end may be connected to the screw of the motor, so that the driving connection portion 712 can move along the screw under the drive of the motor.

[0098] In some embodiments, the driven portion 731 may be a slider, and the mating portion 732 may be a chute. One end of the slider is fixedly mounted on the electrolytic heating device 10, and the other end is slidably mounted on the chute. When the driving connection portion 712 drives the electrolytic heating device 10 to move, the slider can move along the chute.

[0099] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device moving assembly 70 may include an electrolytic heating mounting member 74 for mounting the electrolytic heating device 10. One end of the driving connection portion 712 and one end of the driven portion 731 may be fixedly connected to the electrolytic heating mounting member 74, respectively, so as to drive the electrolytic heating mounting member 74 to move, thereby driving the electrolytic heating device 10 to move.

[0100] In some embodiments, the support member 72 may include a first support portion 721, a second support portion 722, and a fixing assembly 723. The first support portion 721 is fixedly connected to the second support portion 722 via the fixing assembly 723, and the fixing assembly 723 is configured to be remotely operated. The driving portion 711 and the mating portion 732 are fixedly disposed on the first support portion 721.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present application, the driving portion 711 and the matching portion 732 are fixedly arranged on the first support portion 721, and then the first support portion 721 is fixedly connected to the second support portion 722 through the fixing component 723, thereby facilitating the overall disassembly and assembly of the driving portion 711, the matching portion 732 and the first support portion 721 for maintenance thereof; at the same time, the fixing component 723 is configured to be remotely operated, which is conducive to the operation of the robot, thereby reducing the involvement of the operator and improving safety.

[0102] In some embodiments, Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed component in the moving component of the electrolytic heating device is shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the fixing assembly 723 may include a fixing member 7231 , an operating connection member 7232 and an elastic member 7233 .

[0103] The fixing member 7231 is configured to be fixedly connected to the first support portion 721; the operating connection member 7232 passes through the fixing member 7231; the operating connection member 7232 may include a connecting portion 72321 and an operating portion 72322, the operating portion 72322 is configured to be remotely operated, and the connecting portion 72321 is configured to be fixedly connected to the second support portion 722 under the action of the operating portion 72322; the elastic member 7233 is disposed in the fixing member 7231 and is configured to elastically contact the first support portion 721, so as to apply a force to the operating connection member 7232 away from the second support portion 722 when the first support portion 721 and the second support portion 722 are disassembled.

[0104] The embodiment of the present application can facilitate operation by a robot by configuring the fixing assembly 723 to include a fixing part 7231, an operating connection part 7232 and an elastic part 7233. When the first support part 721 and the second support part 722 need to be disassembled, the disassembly can be performed by applying a force to the operating connection part 7232 away from the second support part 722, and the operation is relatively simple.

[0105] In some embodiments, the fixing member 7231 is formed with a through hole, and the operating connection member 7232 can extend into the through hole of the fixing member 7231 to penetrate the fixing member 7231.

[0106] In some embodiments, an operating engagement portion 72323 is formed on the connecting portion 72321 of the operating connector 7232. The size of the operating engagement portion 72323 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through-hole to prevent the operating connector 7232 from passing through the through-hole of the fixing member 7231. The elastic member 7233 is disposed within the fixing member 7231, and both ends of the elastic member 7233 are in elastic contact with the first supporting portion 721 and the operating engagement portion 72323, respectively.

[0107] In some embodiments, the fixing member 7231 is detachably connected to the first support portion 721. For example, the fixing member 7231 can be connected to the first support portion 721 via bolts.

[0108] In some embodiments, the connecting portion 72321 can be connected to the second supporting portion. For example, one end of the connecting portion 72321 away from the operating portion 72322 can be provided with a thread to connect to the second supporting portion 722.

[0109] When connecting the first support part 721 and the second support part 722, the fixing part 7231 can be connected to the first support part 721 by bolts first, and then the connecting part 72321 can be connected to the second support part 722 by screwing the operating part 72322. At this time, the elastic part 7233 will be deformed by the pressure applied to it by the operating matching part 72323.

[0110] When disassembling the first support portion 721 and the second support portion 722, the fixing member 7231 and the first support portion 721 can be disassembled first, and then the operating portion 72322 can be twisted to separate the connecting portion 72321 from the second support portion 722. At this time, the elastic member 7233 can apply a force to the operating matching portion 72323 away from the second support portion 722, thereby popping out the fixing member 7231 and the operating connecting member 7232 as a whole.

[0111] In some embodiments, the cathode conductive device 80 may include a plurality of conductive members 81; the electrolytic heating device 10 may include an electrolytic heating frame 12 and a main body, the main body is arranged on the electrolytic heating frame 12, and the main body is formed with a accommodating cavity for accommodating molten salt; the plurality of conductive members 81 are arranged on the electrolytic heating frame 12 and are arranged to be able to move along the electrolytic heating frame 12; when the cathode 20 moves into the main body, the plurality of conductive members 81 are arranged to move to the position of the cathode 20 and connect to the cathode 20 so that the cathode 20 is connected to the power supply.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, multiple conductive members 81 are arranged to move to the position of the cathode 20 and connected to the cathode 20 so that the cathode 20 is connected to the power supply. There is no need to set up a corresponding conductive device for each cathode 20. The multiple conductive members 81 in the cathode conductive device 80 can be used to connect the multiple cathodes 20 to the power supply, thereby avoiding the complex structure of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment and saving space in the hot chamber.

[0113] In some embodiments, the body may be an electrolytic furnace.

[0114] In some embodiments, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may further include a high-temperature liquid molten salt pump. The electrolytic heating device 10 may be provided with a molten salt inlet and outlet channel connected to the high-temperature liquid molten salt pump to achieve automatic molten salt inlet and outlet.

[0115] In some embodiments, Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the cathode conductive device in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, the conductive member 81 may include a first conductive portion 811, a second conductive portion 812, and a movable portion 813. The first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 are configured to be able to approach or move away from each other, so that they can move to the position of the cathode 20 and connect to the cathode 20, or move away from the cathode 20 to disconnect from the cathode 20; the movable portion 813 is configured to drive the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 to move in a direction toward or away from the cathode 20.

[0116] In the embodiment of the present application, the conductive member 81 is configured to include a first conductive portion 811 , a second conductive portion 812 , and a movable portion 813 , thereby facilitating connecting or disconnecting the cathode 20 from the power supply.

[0117] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the movable portion 813 may include a movable track 8131 and a movable mounting member 8132. The movable track 8131 is fixedly disposed on the electrolysis heating frame 12. The movable mounting member 8132 can be used for the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812, and drives the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 to move along the movable track 8131, so that the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 can move closer to or farther away from the cathode 20.

[0118] In some embodiments, when the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 are close to each other, the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 can clamp the first cathode body 21 of the cathode 20 so that the cathode is connected to a power source.

[0119] In some embodiments, the conductive member 81 may further include a conductive drive assembly to drive the first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 to move closer to or away from each other. The movable mounting member 8132 may also be used to mount the conductive drive assembly.

[0120] In such an embodiment, the conductive driving assembly may include a conductive driving member 8161 and a driving connection member 8162. The first conductive portion 811 and the second conductive portion 812 may be connected to the conductive driving member 8161 via the driving connection member 8162. For example, the conductive driving member 8161 may be a driving cylinder.

[0121] In some embodiments, the conductive member 81 may further include an insulating member 814 disposed between each conductive portion and the driving connection member 8162 to insulate each conductive portion from the driving connection member 8162 .

[0122] In some embodiments, the conductive member 81 may further include a mounting connector 815 , through which the conductive driving member 8161 may be fixedly connected to the movable mounting member 8132 .

[0123] In some embodiments, Figure 9 FIG. 1 is a partial structural diagram of an electrolytic heating device of a molten salt electrolytic refining device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9As shown, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a temperature measuring member 13 and a cover 14. The temperature measuring member 13 may be used to measure the temperature of the body; the cover 14 is used to close the body; the cover 14 is formed with an anode insertion hole 141, a cathode insertion hole 142, and a temperature measuring hole 143. The anode insertion hole 141 is used to allow the anode to be inserted into the accommodating cavity; the cathode insertion hole 142 is used to allow the cathode to be inserted into the accommodating cavity; the temperature measuring hole 143 is used to allow the temperature measuring member 13 to be inserted into the accommodating cavity, and the cover 14 is used to support the anode 40 and the cathode 20.

[0124] The embodiment of the present application can ensure that the cathode 20 can be inserted into the molten salt while preventing the molten salt from volatilizing and flowing from the opening of the accommodating cavity to above the accommodating cavity through the provision of the cover 14, so as to protect the devices above the accommodating cavity from being damaged by the volatiles of the molten salt; at the same time, the cover 14 can support the anode 40 and the cathode 20 so that they can be placed stably, and seal the body.

[0125] In some embodiments, the anode insertion hole 141 may be disposed in a middle region of the cover 14 , and the plurality of cathode insertion holes 142 may be distributed circumferentially along the anode insertion hole 141 .

[0126] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the cathode 20 may further include a cathode support portion 23. The cathode support portion 23 may be provided on the first cathode body 21 to provide support for the cathode 20 when the cathode 20 is inserted into the accommodation cavity through the cathode insertion hole 142.

[0127] In some embodiments, the cover 14 is configured to be connected to an inert gas to provide an inert gas environment for the body.

[0128] In order to provide a heat insulation effect, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a heat insulation member. The heat insulation member is provided on the upper portion of the cover 14 to block the molten salt and heat radiation in the body.

[0129] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 further includes a protective member and an electrolytic insulating member. The electrolytic insulating member is disposed between the protective member and the body, and the protective member is disposed outside the body to ensure that the substance in the body does not spread due to leakage caused by corrosion.

[0130] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 further includes a heating element, which is disposed on the protective element and is used to heat the protective element. The protective element heats the body to melt the molten salt in the body.

[0131] In some embodiments, the heating element forms different heating zones along the vertical extension of the body, and controls different heating temperatures for different heating zones. This facilitates forming different temperature gradients along the vertical direction of the body, allowing the molten salt to remain molten while preventing the molten salt in the upper portion of the body from becoming too hot and evaporating to the outside of the body through the opening of the body.

[0132] In some embodiments, as Figure 9 As shown, the electrolytic heating device 10 further includes a picking member 15, which can be disposed in the body so that the electrolysis product falling off the cathode 20 falls into the picking member 15. The picking member 15 can also pick up other objects that fall into the body.

[0133] In some embodiments, the picking member 15 is detachably connected to the cover 14 to facilitate the transfer of the electrolytic products picked up by the picking member 15 or other objects that fall into the main body.

[0134] like Figure 9 As shown, the picking member 15 may include a picking portion 151 and a reinforcing portion 152. The reinforcing portion 152 is fixedly connected to the picking portion 151, and the appearance of the reinforcing portion 152 after being fixedly connected to the picking portion 151 is similar to that of the main body, and the two are close in size, so that when the picking member 15 is placed in the molten salt in the main body, no other structure is required, and the picking member 15 can be stably maintained in the molten salt.

[0135] In some embodiments, the picking portion 151 may be a tray.

[0136] In some embodiments, as Figure 9 As shown, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a seal 16, which is used to seal the cover 14 and the temperature measuring element 13 when the temperature measuring element 13 is inserted into the body, so as to prevent the molten salt from volatilizing and ensure that the measurement result of the temperature measuring element 13 is relatively accurate.

[0137] In some embodiments, there are multiple seals 16 , and the seals 16 are also used to seal the cover 14 and the body of the electrolytic heating device 10 to prevent the molten salt from volatilizing.

[0138] In some embodiments, the sealing member 16 may be a clamp or a quick connector.

[0139] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a positioning member 17 , which is disposed on the main body. A positioning hole is formed on the cover 14 , and the positioning member 17 is configured to be inserted into the positioning hole to position the cover 14 .

[0140] In the embodiment of the present application, the cooperation between the positioning member 17 and the positioning hole facilitates the quick and accurate closing of the cover 14 .

[0141] In some embodiments, the positioning member 17 may be a positioning pin.

[0142] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 10 may further include a fixed connector 18, which is configured to be in a first connection state and a second connection state, respectively. When the fixed connector 18 is in the first connection state, the cover 14 and the main body can be connected; when the fixed connector 18 is in the second connection state, the cover 14 and the main body can be disassembled.

[0143] In the embodiment of the present application, the connection between the cover 14 and the main body can be made stronger by fixing the connecting piece 18 , and it is also more convenient to disassemble the cover 14 and the main body.

[0144] In some embodiments, Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed connection member of the electrolytic heating device according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 As shown, the fixed connector 18 may include a connecting body 181, an operating body 182, and a fixing portion 183. The connecting body 181 and the operating body 182 are detachably connected, and the operating body 182 is configured to be remotely operated. The connecting body 181 and the fixing portion 183 are rotatably connected. The fixing portion 183 can be fixedly disposed on the body.

[0145] In some embodiments, the connection body 181 and the operating body 182 may be threadedly connected.

[0146] In some embodiments, the cover 14 is formed with a first clearance groove 144, and the main body is formed with a second clearance groove 111. The first clearance groove 144 provides rotational space for the connecting body 181, and the second clearance groove 111 provides installation space for the fixing portion 183. When the connecting body 181 and the operating body 182 are in the connected state, the operating body 182 can be used to slide the connecting body 181 into the first clearance groove 144, that is, the operating body 182 is used to set the connecting body 181 in the first connected state, thereby connecting the cover 14 and the main body.

[0147] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the cathode transport device 30 may include a transport assembly 31, a transport connector 32, a rotary drive 33, and a cathode transport frame 34. The transport assembly 31 is configured to enable the cathode 20 to move in multiple directions, with any two of the multiple directions being perpendicular to each other; the rotary drive 33 is connected to the transport assembly 31 via the transport connector 32, and the rotary drive 33 can drive the cathode 20 to rotate; the cathode transport frame 34 is composed of rod-shaped members extending in perpendicular directions and fixedly connected to each other, and the transport assembly 31 is disposed on the cathode transport frame 34.

[0148] The embodiment of the present application can realize the transportation of the cathode 20 in multiple directions through the mutual cooperation between the transfer component 31, the transfer connector 32, the rotating drive component 33 and the cathode transfer frame 34, which is highly practical and has a high degree of automation.

[0149] In some embodiments, the rotary driving member 33 may include a cathode transport clamping portion 331 and a rotary driving portion 332 .

[0150] The cathode transport clamping portion 331 can be used to clamp the cathode 20. The rotation driving portion 332 can be used to drive the cathode transport clamping portion 331 to rotate, thereby driving the cathode 20 to rotate.

[0151] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the transport assembly 31 may include a first transport member 311 , a second transport member 312 and a third transport member 313 ; the cathode transport frame 34 may include a first cathode transport rack 341 and a second cathode transport rack 342 .

[0152] The first transport member 311 is arranged on the first cathode transport rack 341; the second transport member 312 is arranged on the second cathode transport rack 342 and is perpendicular to the first transport member 311. The second transport member 312 is arranged to be movable relative to the first transport member 311 so that the cathode 20 can move in a direction close to or away from the electrolytic heating device 10, and during the movement of the second transport member 312, the second cathode transport rack 342 follows the second transport member 312 to move; the third transport member 313 is arranged to be perpendicular to the second transport member 312, and the third transport member 313 is arranged to be movable relative to the second transport member 312 so that the cathode 20 can move in a direction close to or away from the first transport member 311.

[0153] The rotary driving member 33 is connected to the third transfer member 313 via the transfer connecting member 32 , and the transfer connecting member 32 is configured to be movable relative to the third transfer member 313 .

[0154] The embodiment of the present application can more conveniently drive the cathode 20 to move in multiple directions through the first transport member 311, the second transport member 312 and the third transport member 313; the first transport member 311 and the second transport member 312 are respectively arranged on the first cathode transport frame 341 and the second cathode transport frame 342, which is conducive to the cathode 20 to remain stable during the movement.

[0155] The working principle of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the molten salt is melted in the body of the electrolytic heating device 10, and then the spent fuel is loaded into the anode basket 41 of the anode 40, and the cathode 20 is a metal solid cathode; the cathode 20 and the anode 40 are immersed in the molten salt using the cathode transfer device 30 and the anode transfer device 50, and the cathode 20 is connected to the power supply using the cathode conductive device 80. After the power is turned on for electrolysis, the spent fuel can be dissolved from the anode 40 into the molten salt by controlling the magnitude of the current and potential, and deposited on the cathode 20 through the transportation of the molten salt; when the electrolysis product (dendrite) deposited on the cathode 20 reaches a certain amount, the cathode 20 is taken out, and the cathode 20 is scraped using the electrolysis product scraping and collection device 60, and the scrapings are collected and transferred to the next link.

[0156] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0157] The above description is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for recovering uranium metal from spent fuel by molten salt electrolytic refining, wherein the spent fuel is electrolyzed by molten salt electrolytic refining equipment, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Setting the working environment of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment to an inert gas atmosphere and the inert gas meeting the preset gas atmosphere requirements, wherein the working environment has been subjected to radiation-resistant protection treatment; S2. transporting the molten salt for electrolysis to the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment; S3, heating the molten salt and maintaining the molten salt in a liquid state; S4, loading the spent fuel into the anode of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S5. inserting the anode containing the spent fuel into the reaction space of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment; S6, immersing the cathode in the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment into the molten salt; S7, turning on the power supply of the anode and the cathode to start the electrolysis reaction; S8. After the electrolysis reaction is completed, cutting off the power supply, transferring the cathode to an electrolysis product scraping and collecting device in the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment, and using the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device to scrape off the electrolysis product on the cathode; S9. Collecting the electrolysis product on the cathode, wherein the electrolysis product is uranium metal including the molten salt.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S3, heating the molten salt includes: The molten salt is heated by setting the components into different heating stages, wherein the heating temperatures set in different heating stages are different.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that In step S3, heating the molten salt further comprises: It is configured that different heating temperatures are applied to different areas in the reaction space.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, it also includes: S11: Continuously vacuuming the working environment; S12: Continuously filling the working environment with inert gas.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step S12, it includes: During the process of filling the inert gas, the water and oxygen content in the working environment is detected to determine whether the water and oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirement.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining that the water-oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirement includes: The amount of the inert gas to be filled is determined according to the water and oxygen content in the working environment, so that the water and oxygen content meets the preset gas atmosphere requirement.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step S11, it includes: During the process of evacuating the working environment, the inert gas evacuated from the working environment is purified, so that the purified inert gas is refilled into the working environment.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before step S4, it also includes: The spent fuel is weighed so that the spent fuel is loaded into the anode in a predetermined amount.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, during the process of loading the spent fuel into the anode, the spent fuel is loaded in a manner such that the spent fuel has a high stacking density.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that In step S4, it includes: classifying the spent fuel according to the specifications of the spent fuel; The order in which the spent fuel is loaded into the anode is determined according to different classifications, so that the spent fuel stacking density is high.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S8, it includes: The cathode is lifted out of the molten salt and allowed to stand for a predetermined time to prevent the molten salt liquid from dripping.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S7, it includes: During the electrolysis process, electrolysis is first performed using a first predetermined current; Thereafter, electrolysis is performed using a second predetermined current; Thereafter, electrolysis is performed using a third predetermined current; The first predetermined current is smaller than the second predetermined current, and the third predetermined current is smaller than the first predetermined current.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S9, the cathode disposed in the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device is processed using a cutter in the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device; Wherein, the cathode is processed, comprising: Determining the feed stroke of the tool and the speed of the tool's axial movement along the cathode according to the shape and size of the precipitates on the cathode; The rotation speed of the cathode is determined according to the feeding stroke of the tool and the speed of the axial movement of the cathode.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The rotation speed of the cathode, the feed stroke of the tool, and the speed of the tool moving along the axial direction of the cathode satisfy the following expression: Wherein, n represents the rotation speed; d represents the distance from the point where the tool contacts the precipitate on the cathode to the rotation center of the cathode; a p represents the feeding stroke of the tool; v represents the speed of the tool moving along the axial direction of the cathode.

15. A molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for a hot cell, used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14 by electrolyzing the spent fuel, characterized in that: It includes: an electrolysis heating device, the electrolysis heating device being used to contain molten salt, the molten salt being used to provide a medium for electrolysis of spent fuel, the molten salt being melted before electrolysis; a cathode and a cathode transport device, wherein the cathode is detachably fixed to the cathode transport device, and the cathode transport device transports the cathode into the electrolysis heating device, and after the electrolysis is completed, transports the cathode away from the electrolysis heating device; an anode and an anode transport device, wherein the anode is detachably fixed to the anode transport device, and the anode transport device transports the anode into the electrolysis heating device. After electrolysis is completed, the anode is transported away from the electrolysis heating device, and the spent fuel is placed in the anode; an electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, wherein the cathode transporting device transports the cathode to the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device, the electrolysis product scraping and collecting device scrapes the cathode, collects scrapings, and transports the scrapings to the next process; an electrolytic heating device moving assembly, on which the electrolytic heating device is arranged so as to enable the electrolytic heating device to be moved to a hoisting station; The cathode conductive device is configured to be connected to the cathode conductive device when the cathode is disposed in the electrolytic heating device so as to energize the cathode.

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