Variable cross-section spiral flow shaft lining construction device and construction method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of shaft construction, in order to solve the problems of traditional shaft lining slip form construction method, such as complicated slip form manufacturing, inconvenient assembly and disassembly, difficult continuous construction and difficult to use in variable cross-section vortex shaft, etc., the present application provides a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device and construction method, the construction device comprises a main support mechanism, a telescopic truss construction mechanism, a lining formwork mechanism, a steering mechanism and an intelligent attitude control mechanism, the main support mechanism is arranged in the center of the shaft, the telescopic truss construction mechanism is distributed on the periphery of the main support mechanism, the lining formwork mechanism is connected with the telescopic truss construction mechanism, the steering mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the main support mechanism, and the intelligent attitude control mechanism automatically adjusts the construction height and the support inclination angle. The construction device and construction method of the present application can ensure efficient, accurate and safe lining construction of variable cross-section vortex shaft, which has important significance for increasingly complex shaft construction projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shaft construction technology, and in particular to a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous construction and development of underground spaces, shaft structures and their construction technologies have received widespread attention. During shaft construction, due to complex geological conditions and changes in ground stress, the shaft walls are prone to deformation and collapse, seriously affecting construction progress and personnel safety. Therefore, shaft lining technology has emerged as an important means to ensure the stability of shafts.

[0003] Shaft lining refers to the support structure built along the shaft wall, which has functions such as preventing shaft wall collapse, enhancing the stability and sealing of the shaft. Currently, the slipform construction method is mainly used for the lining construction of shafts with large depths. Variable cross-section vortex shafts, as a special type of shaft, are a key component of the water diversion and flood discharge system of hydropower stations. By changing the shape and size of the shaft cross-section, water flow velocity and pressure can be effectively controlled, hydraulic losses can be reduced, and water energy utilization efficiency can be improved. In addition, variable cross-section vortex shafts are also widely used in urban underground integrated pipe gallery ventilation and traffic tunnel auxiliary passages. However, for variable cross-section vortex shafts with complex shapes and high construction safety risks, the traditional slipform construction method has a series of problems, such as cumbersome slipform manufacturing, inconvenient assembly and disassembly, difficulty in continuous construction, and high investment. In addition, since the cross-sectional dimensions of the variable cross-section vortex shaft vary with depth, conventional construction methods are limited by space when supporting the formwork, and the lining formwork needs to be staggered when installed in groups, which occupies more space and is prone to collision and interference. In addition, the area below that has been constructed usually needs to be supported to ensure stability, but the larger lining formwork cannot pass through this area to carry out the next stage of construction. Moreover, the traditional construction method can cause the formwork to shift due to the pressure of the concrete filling, making it difficult to guarantee construction accuracy and safety.

[0004] Therefore, exploring a continuous construction device and method suitable for concrete lining of deep, irregularly shaped vertical shafts to ensure efficient, precise, and safe lining construction of variable cross-section vortex vertical shafts is of practical significance for increasingly complex vertical shaft construction projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device and construction method, providing a new, efficient and precise approach for the lining construction of variable cross-section vortex shafts.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the technical solution disclosed in this invention is: a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device, the device comprising:

[0008] The main support structure is located at the center of the shaft and is connected to the lining concrete of the constructed section of the shaft wall by wall ties.

[0009] The telescopic truss construction mechanism has multiple components evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the main support mechanism, which are used to adapt to the lining construction of vertical shafts with different diameters.

[0010] The lining formwork mechanism, connected to the telescopic truss construction mechanism, is used to achieve rapid formwork support for the lining construction of irregularly shaped shafts.

[0011] The intelligent attitude control mechanism is connected to the telescopic truss construction mechanism and the lining formwork mechanism respectively, and is used to realize the automatic adjustment of the construction height of the telescopic truss construction mechanism and the construction dimensions of the lining formwork mechanism.

[0012] As a further preferred technical solution, the main support structure includes:

[0013] The base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shaft;

[0014] The central truss column is located at the center of the shaft and connected to the foundation base. One end of the wall tie rod is fixedly connected to the central truss column.

[0015] Furthermore: the central truss column is equipped with vertical guide rails, racks, limiters, and ladders, wherein:

[0016] The vertical guide rails and racks are arranged vertically along the outer side of the central truss column;

[0017] Multiple limiters are provided, and the limiters are evenly distributed along the height direction of the central truss column. The limiters are also connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism.

[0018] The ladder is located inside the central truss column.

[0019] As a further preferred technical solution, the telescopic truss construction mechanism includes:

[0020] Transmission components;

[0021] The modular truss construction platform is detachably connected to the central truss column via a transmission assembly.

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, the transmission component further includes:

[0023] The servo motor is installed above the modular truss construction platform and is connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism.

[0024] Multiple transmission gears are evenly installed on the side wall of the modular truss construction platform, and each transmission gear meshes with a rack.

[0025] The fall arrestor is installed on the modular truss construction platform and located below the servo motor.

[0026] Based on the above technical solution, the modular truss construction platform further includes:

[0027] The inner ring truss is detachably connected to the outside of the central truss column;

[0028] The outer ring truss is movably installed on the side of the inner ring truss away from the central truss column, and the outer ring truss is equipped with expansion joints for connecting the lining formwork mechanism.

[0029] As a further preferred technical solution, the lining template mechanism includes a main template, a docking template, and an auxiliary opening and closing component. The main template and the telescopic component are detachably connected, and the telescopic component is communicatively connected to an intelligent attitude control mechanism. The docking template is movably connected to the main template, and the auxiliary opening and closing component is located between the main template and the docking template.

[0030] As a further preferred technical solution, the auxiliary opening and closing components include:

[0031] The driver has its two ends connected to the main template and the docking template, respectively;

[0032] The push-pull section is provided in two sets, located above and below the driver respectively. The push-pull section is connected to the main template and the docking template respectively through fixed platform one and fixed platform two.

[0033] As a further preferred technical solution, a steering mechanism is also included, which is installed at the lower end of the main support structure. The steering mechanism is installed between the upper and lower truss columns of the central truss column. The steering mechanism includes an upper disk and a lower disk, wherein:

[0034] A central gear is provided on the upper disc, and multiple universal wheels are arranged in a ring at the lower end of the central gear. Each universal wheel is slidably connected to the lower disc.

[0035] Four power components are arranged in a square on the lower disc. Each power component meshes with the central gear and is connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism.

[0036] The second aspect of the technical solution disclosed in this invention is: a method for constructing a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining, which is implemented based on the aforementioned variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device, and includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Excavate a vertical shaft and pour concrete on the shaft wall and bottom for initial support;

[0038] S2: Build the foundation base and central truss column. After calibration, install the telescopic truss construction mechanism and lining template mechanism on the central truss column, and then install and debug the intelligent attitude control mechanism.

[0039] S3: Utilize an intelligent attitude control mechanism to raise the modular truss construction platform to a suitable height for rebar tying, and complete the rebar tying operation;

[0040] S4: Install the lining formwork mechanism, adjust the height of the modular truss construction platform to the appropriate height for concrete pouring, use the intelligent attitude control mechanism to complete the installation and connection of the docking formwork with the adjacent main formwork, and pour the lining concrete for this section.

[0041] S5: When the strength of the lining concrete poured in step S4 reaches the required level, the intelligent posture control mechanism is used to detach the lining formwork mechanism from the concrete surface, and wall ties are installed between the constructed lining concrete and the central truss column for support.

[0042] S6: Repeat steps S3 to S5 to pour the lining concrete for the subsequent stages of the shaft in sequence.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can produce the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The telescopic truss construction mechanism of the present invention includes a transmission component and a modular truss construction platform. The modular truss construction platform is composed of nested inner and outer trusses, which allows the construction platform to achieve large-scale horizontal telescopic adjustment along the radial direction of the shaft. This is beneficial for the rapid adaptation of shaft cross-sections with a wide diameter range and facilitates construction personnel to carry out rebar binding operations and lining formwork support operations.

[0045] 2. The lining template mechanism of this invention uses a modular main template and a connecting template that are connected by an auxiliary opening and closing component. After the main template is raised to a suitable height, it is pushed to fit against the well wall by a telescopic component. Then, the driver of the auxiliary opening and closing component and the push-pull part work together to push the connecting template to assemble and connect with the main template. The dead point of the connecting rod formed at this time strengthens the connection stability between the main template and the connecting template. At the same time, an auxiliary guide component connects two adjacent connecting templates to the main template, which restricts the horizontal and vertical direction of the main template and the connecting template after they are assembled. This invention effectively avoids the problems of staggered operation and large space occupation during template installation, and further improves the efficiency and safety of the construction process of variable cross-section vortex shaft.

[0046] 3. The intelligent attitude control mechanism set up in this invention works in conjunction with the transmission components, modular truss construction platform, steering mechanism, auxiliary opening and closing components, etc., to realize the free lifting and positioning adjustment of the construction platform, effectively ensuring the rapid and continuous construction of the segmented lining of the shaft.

[0047] 4. The standard construction process method provided by this invention can effectively avoid safety problems caused by the cross-operation of vertical transportation and installation of materials and concrete pouring in space and process. It overcomes the difficulty of continuous construction of variable cross-section vortex shaft lining using climbing formwork method and realizes continuous intelligent and standardized construction of irregular cross-section shaft lining. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-section of a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the retractable truss construction mechanism and the central truss column of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the deployment process of the telescopic truss construction mechanism of the present invention in its working state;

[0052] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the relationship between the outer truss and the lining template mechanism (with the connecting template open) of the present invention in the vertical shaft.

[0053] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the relationship between the outer ring truss and the lining template mechanism (connecting template closure) of the present invention in a vertical shaft.

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lining template mechanism of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lining template mechanism of the present invention from another angle;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the splicing relationship between the docking template and the adjacent main template of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view showing the detailed structure of the auxiliary opening and closing component (in its extended state) of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 10 This is an enlarged view showing the detailed structure of the auxiliary opening and closing component (in its retracted state) of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the steering mechanism of the present invention on the upper and lower truss columns;

[0060] Figure 12 This is a detailed enlarged view of the steering mechanism of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 13 This is a top view of the steering mechanism of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the logical relationship of the intelligent attitude control mechanism of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction method according to the present invention;

[0064] In the picture:

[0065] 1. Main support structure; 11. Foundation base; 12. Central truss column; 121. Vertical guide rail; 122. Rack; 123. Limiter; 124. Ladder; 13. Bottom steel plate; 14. Positioning bolt; 15. Buffer spring; 16. Spring seat;

[0066] 2. Telescopic truss construction mechanism; 21. Transmission components; 211. Servo motor; 212. Reducer; 213. Transmission gear; 214. Fall arrestor; 22. Modular truss construction platform; 221. Inner ring truss; 2211. Slide rail; 222. Outer ring truss; 2221. Pulley; 223. Telescopic component; 224. High-strength positioning bolts; 225. Electric cylinder;

[0067] 3. Lining formwork mechanism; 31. Main formwork; 311. Support rod; 312. Fixed platform one; 32. Connecting formwork; 321. Fixed platform two; 33. Auxiliary opening and closing assembly; 331. Driver; 332. Push-pull part; 3321. Connecting rod one; 3322. Connecting rod two; 3323. Connecting rod three; 3324. Connecting rod four; 3325. Connecting column; 333. Mounting block; 334. Auxiliary guide assembly; 3341. Arc-shaped track groove; 3342. L-shaped limiting piece;

[0068] 4. Steering mechanism; 41. Upper disc; 42. Lower disc; 43. Central gear; 44. Caster wheel; 45. Motor; 451. Rotating shaft; 46. Track; 47. Ball bearing slide rail;

[0069] 5. Intelligent attitude control mechanism; 51. Computer; 52. Programmable logic controller;

[0070] 6. Shaft;

[0071] 7. Wall ties. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0074] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "height," "length," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," and "radial," indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0075] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can also refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0076] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0077] Example 1:

[0078] Reference Figures 1-14This invention discloses a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device, including a main support mechanism 1, a telescopic truss construction mechanism 2, a lining template mechanism 3, a steering mechanism 4, and an intelligent attitude control mechanism 5. The main support mechanism 1 is located at the center of the shaft 6 and is connected to the lining concrete of the already constructed section of the shaft wall via wall ties 7. Multiple telescopic truss construction mechanisms 2 are provided and evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the main support mechanism 1 to adapt to the construction of shaft 6 cross-sections with different diameters. To improve construction efficiency, the telescopic truss construction mechanism 5 in this embodiment... The truss construction mechanism 2 has six parts. The lining template mechanism 3 is connected to the telescopic truss construction mechanism 2 and is used to quickly support the formwork for the lining construction of the irregularly shaped shaft 6. The steering mechanism 4 is located at the lower end of the main support mechanism 1 and is used to adjust the main support mechanism 1 to change the working position of the telescopic truss construction mechanism 2. The intelligent attitude control mechanism 5 is connected to the main support mechanism 1, the telescopic truss construction mechanism 2, the lining template mechanism 3, and the steering mechanism 4 respectively and is used to realize the automatic adjustment of the construction height of the telescopic truss construction mechanism 2 and the support tilt angle of the lining template mechanism 3.

[0079] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the main support structure 1 includes a foundation base 11 and a central truss column 12. The foundation base 11 is a welded steel structure. The foundation base 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom concrete base plate of the shaft 6 through a bottom steel plate 13 and positioning bolts 14. A buffer spring 15 is installed on the foundation base 11 and mounted on a spring seat 16. The buffer spring 15 reduces the impact force when the telescopic truss construction mechanism 2 descends and lands. The central truss column 12 is located at the center of the shaft 6 and is rigidly connected to the foundation base 11. One end of the wall tie rod 7 is fixedly connected to the central truss column 12, and the other end of the wall tie rod 7 is connected to the lining concrete already constructed on the shaft wall to ensure the overall stability of the main support structure 1. In this embodiment, the central truss column 12 includes an upper truss column and a lower truss column, and the upper truss column and the lower truss column are connected by a steering mechanism 4.

[0080] Furthermore, the upper truss column is equipped with a vertical guide rail 121, a rack 122, a limiter 123, and a ladder 124, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the vertical guide rail 121 is arranged vertically and circumferentially along the outer side of the upper truss column, the rack 122 is arranged vertically along the side wall of the vertical guide rail 121, multiple limiters 123 are provided, and the multiple limiters 123 are evenly distributed on the vertical guide rail 121 along the height direction of the upper truss column. The limiters 123 are communicatively connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism 5, and the ladder 124 is arranged inside the central truss column 12 for construction personnel to pass up and down.

[0081] like Figures 2-3As shown, the telescopic truss construction mechanism 2 includes a transmission component 21 and a modular truss construction platform 22. The transmission component 21 is arranged above the modular truss construction platform 22, and the modular truss construction platform 22 is detachably connected to the central truss column 12 through the transmission component 21.

[0082] In this embodiment, the transmission assembly 21 includes a servo motor 211, a transmission gear 213, and a fall arrestor 214, such as Figure 2 As shown, the modular truss construction platform 22 has an installation column on the side near the upper truss column. The modular truss construction platform 22 is vertically slidably connected to the vertical guide rail 121 through the installation column. The servo motor 211 is fixedly connected to the installation column and is located above the modular truss construction platform 22. The servo motor 211 is communicatively connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism 5. A matching reducer 212 is connected to the servo motor 211. The reducer 212 is used to reduce the output speed of the servo motor 211 and simultaneously increase the output torque. Multiple transmission gears 213 are provided, and the multiple transmission gears 213 are evenly distributed along the height direction of the modular truss construction platform 22. Installed on the mounting column, each transmission gear 213 meshes with the rack 122, transmitting the power output from the servo motor 211 to the modular truss construction platform 22, causing the modular truss construction platform 22 to move up and down along the shaft 6 axis. The fall arrestor 214 is connected to the mounting column below the servo motor 211. The fall arrestor 214 is a gear conical drum-shaped progressive fall arrestor. The fall arrestor 214 cooperates with the rack 122. In the event of an emergency (when the modular truss construction platform 22 falls), the fall arrestor 214 locks the rack 122, preventing the modular truss construction platform 22 from falling downwards.

[0083] More specifically, the modular truss construction platform 22 is a welded steel frame structure, assembled from modular truss sections, such as... Figure 3As shown, the modular truss construction platform 22 includes an inner truss 221 and an outer truss 222. The inner truss 221 is detachably connected to the outer side of the central truss column 12 via a transmission assembly 21. The inner truss 221 and the outer truss 222 are connected by an electric cylinder 225, which is also connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism 5. Scaffold boards are evenly laid on the bottom of the modular truss construction platform 22 to facilitate the movement of construction personnel. The inner bottom of the inner truss 221 is radially arranged along the shaft 6. The outer ring truss 222 has a slide rail 2211 and a pulley 2221 at the opposite position on the outer side of the bottom of the outer ring truss 222. The outer ring truss 222 can be inserted into the interior of the inner ring truss 221 as a whole and slide relative to the inner ring truss 221 on the side away from the central truss column 12. The upper chord of the inner ring truss 221 and the upper chord of the outer ring truss 222 are both provided with positioning high-strength bolts 224. The outer ring truss 222 is provided with a telescopic member 223 for connecting the lining template mechanism 3. In this embodiment, the telescopic member 223 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder.

[0084] like Figures 4-10 As shown, the lining template mechanism 3 includes a main template 31, a docking template 32, and an auxiliary opening and closing assembly 33. Multiple support rods 311 are installed on the main template 31, which are detachably connected to the telescopic member 223. The telescopic member 223 is communicatively connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism 5. The docking template 32 is movably connected to the main template 31. The auxiliary opening and closing assembly 33 is located between the main template 31 and the docking template 32, as detailed below:

[0085] To better adapt to the lining pouring of the variable cross-section shaft 6, both the main template 31 and the connecting template 32 in this embodiment adopt an inverted conical arc structure that matches the end face of the shaft. In order to facilitate the rapid splicing and installation of adjacent templates, the main template 31 and the connecting template 32 are hinged together. Both the main template 31 and the connecting template 32 are made of assembled wooden templates, which have good structural adaptability and can be processed and assembled according to the actual lining structure. A splicing groove is provided on the side of the main template 31 away from the connecting template 32, and a splicing ear is provided on the side of the connecting template 32 away from the main template 31. The positions of the splicing ear and the splicing groove are corresponding and the structures are compatible, so as to facilitate the splicing of the main template 31 with the connecting template 32 that is not connected to it.

[0086] like Figure 6As shown, the auxiliary opening and closing component 33 includes a driver 331 and a push-pull part 332. The two ends of the driver 331 are connected to the main template 31 and the docking template 32 respectively. Two sets of push-pull parts 332 are provided, and the two sets of push-pull parts 332 are movably connected above and below the driver 331 respectively. The main template 31 and the docking template 32 are respectively connected to the first fixed platform 312 and the second fixed platform 321. The push-pull part 332 is connected to the main template 31 and the docking template 32 respectively through the first fixed platform 312 and the second fixed platform 321.

[0087] Specifically, the actuator 331 adopts an electric push rod. The two ends of the actuator 331 are connected to the main template 31 and the docking template 32 respectively through mounting columns. The actuator 331 is also connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism 5.

[0088] like Figures 7-10 As shown, the push-pull section 332 is a linkage structure, and each set of push-pull sections 332 is hinged to the driver 331. Each set of push-pull sections 332 includes a first linkage 3321, a second linkage 3322, a third linkage 3323, a fourth linkage 3324, and a connecting post 3325. The first linkage 3321 and the second linkage 3322 are respectively hinged to the first fixed platform 312 and the second fixed platform 321. At the same time, the closer ends of the first linkage 3321 and the second linkage 3322 are hinged together. The third linkage 3323 is movably connected to the second linkage 3322. A mounting block 333 is fixedly connected to the driver 331. The fourth linkage 3324 is hinged to the mounting block 333. The third linkage 3323 and the fourth linkage 3324 are connected by the connecting post 3325. After the driver 331 is turned on... During the extension and retraction process, when the actuator 331 extends or retracts, connecting rod 4 3324 and connecting rod 3323 rotate simultaneously under the connection of connecting column 3325. Connecting rod 3323 pushes connecting rod 2 3322, causing connecting rod 2 3322 to drive connecting rod 1 3321 to rotate, breaking or forming a dead point in the connecting rod. Specifically: during installation, when the actuator 331 extends, connecting rod 2 3322 pushes connecting rod 1 3321 to form a straight line, creating a dead point in the connecting rod, which in turn pushes the docking template 32 to rotate and dock with the adjacent main template 31; during dismantling, when the actuator 331 retracts, connecting rod 2 3322 pulls connecting rod 1 3321 to form a bent state, breaking the dead point in the connecting rod, which in turn pulls the docking template 32 to rotate and separate it from the adjacent main template 31.

[0089] In this embodiment, an auxiliary guide component 334 is also provided between the main template 31 and the docking template 32 to facilitate a more accurate connection, such as... Figure 8As shown, the auxiliary guide assembly 334 includes an arc-shaped track groove 3341 and an L-shaped limiting member 3342. The arc-shaped track groove 3341 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main template 31, and the L-shaped limiting member 3342 is connected to the inner wall of the docking template 32. The arc-shaped track groove 3341 and the L-shaped limiting member 3342 are respectively located on the sides of the main template 31 and the docking template 32 that are far apart from each other. Specifically, the L-shaped limiting member 3342 includes an L-shaped rod and a limiting ball. The L-shaped rod is connected to the docking template 32, and the limiting ball is connected to the end of the L-shaped rod. The limiting ball and the arc-shaped track groove are connected to each other. The structure of 3341 is compatible. When the docking template 32 rotates to dock with the main template 31, the limiting ball will slide inward along the arc-shaped track groove 3341, so that the docking template 32 is spliced ​​with the adjacent main template 31. Through the cooperation of the limiting ball and the arc-shaped track groove 3341 (similar to a door bolt), the relative displacement of the docking template 32 and the adjacent main template 31 in the horizontal or vertical direction is restricted. Only when the docking template 32 rotates will the limiting ball disengage from the arc-shaped track groove 3341, thereby releasing the restriction between the docking template 32 and the adjacent main template 31.

[0090] like Figures 11-13 As shown, the steering mechanism 4 is located between the upper truss column and the lower truss column. The steering mechanism 4 includes an upper disk 41 and a lower disk 42. A central gear 43 is provided on the upper disk 41. Multiple universal wheels 44 are arranged in a ring at the lower end of the central gear 43. Each universal wheel 44 can slide along the track 46 on the lower disk 42. Four power components are arranged in a square on the lower disk 42. Each power component meshes with the central gear 43. In this embodiment, the power components are motors 45. Each motor 45 is connected to a rotating shaft 451. The rotating shaft 451 meshes with the central gear 43. The motors 45 are connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism 5. The intelligent attitude control mechanism 5 controls the rotation of the motors 45, thereby causing the upper truss column to rotate. The upper truss column drives the modular truss construction platform 22 to rotate to the required construction position. The ball bearing slide rail 47 on the lower disk 42 is fixed to the upper disk 41, thereby locking the adjusted modular truss construction platform 22.

[0091] Reference Figure 14The intelligent attitude control mechanism 5 includes multiple sensors, a computer 51, and a programmable logic controller 52. The multiple sensors are displacement sensors and pressure sensors. Displacement sensors are installed on the driver 331 and the telescopic member 223, respectively. The displacement sensors are used to record and feedback the corresponding telescopic lengths of the driver 331 and the telescopic member 223. Pressure sensors are also installed on the telescopic member 223 to monitor the liquid pressure inside the telescopic member 223 (i.e., the hydraulic cylinder). The computer 51 can collect and analyze the various parameters collected by each sensor in real time. The programmable logic controller 52 can receive electrical signals from each sensor, convert the electrical signals into digital signals, and then generate control commands according to the predetermined control logic. The control commands are then sent to the power component, the telescopic member 223, the servo motor 211, etc., to execute the corresponding commands for adjustment.

[0092] During intelligent attitude control, various sensors can monitor displacement and pressure information in real time during construction and transmit these signals to the programmable logic controller 52. The programmable logic controller 52 performs logical judgments based on preset height and angle through its built-in program. When the displacement or pressure exceeds the normal range, the programmable logic controller 52 outputs control signals to control the servo motor 211, telescopic component 223, limit switch 123, etc., to perform corresponding actions and adjust the attitude of the construction device. At the same time, the computer 51 is connected to the programmable logic controller 52 through an industrial Ethernet to display various parameters in real time, record historical data, and perform data analysis. Operators can remotely monitor the operating status of the construction site on the computer 51 and adjust the control parameters of the programmable logic controller 52 to achieve intelligent control of the attitude of each mechanism of the construction device.

[0093] Example 2:

[0094] Reference Figure 15 As shown, this invention also discloses a method for constructing a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining, the specific construction steps of which are as follows:

[0095] 1. Shaft 6 is excavated and formed into a hole. Shotcrete is applied to the shaft wall for initial support. A concrete base slab is poured at the bottom of the shaft and positioning bolts 14 are pre-embedded.

[0096] 2. Construct the foundation base 11 and the central truss column 12, calibrate the center point of the central truss column 12 to ensure that the axis of the central truss column 12 coincides with the axis of the vertical shaft 6, install the telescopic truss construction mechanism 2 and the lining template mechanism 3 on the central truss column 12, then install the intelligent attitude control mechanism 5, and perform functional debugging on each sensor and the editable logic controller 52.

[0097] 3. Operate the intelligent attitude control mechanism 5, adjust the transmission component 21 and the steering mechanism 4, raise the modular truss construction platform 22 to a suitable height for rebar tying, perform adaptive debugging on the modular truss construction platform 22, adjust the relative positions of the inner ring truss 221 and the outer ring truss 222, and after the adjustment is appropriate, fix the inner ring truss 221 and the outer ring truss 222 with positioning high-strength bolts 224 so that the radial length of the modular truss construction platform 22 is suitable for rebar tying operations. During the rebar tying construction, the orientation of the steering mechanism 4 can be adjusted to achieve full-section operation of the shaft 6.

[0098] 4. After completing the rebar tying, lower the modular truss construction platform 22, connect the expansion joint 223 to the support rod 311 to install the lining formwork mechanism 3, and then raise the modular truss construction platform 22 again to the appropriate height for concrete pouring. Operate the intelligent posture control mechanism 5, and drive the expansion joint 223 to extend through the control commands sent by the programmable logic controller 52, pushing the main formwork 31 to parallel contact with the constructed well wall to reach the predetermined dimensions. Then, the actuator 331 receives the control command and runs according to the predetermined program. When the actuator 331 extends... Link 4 3324 and Link 3 3323 rotate simultaneously, which drives Link 2 3322 to rotate. Link 2 3322 drives Link 1 3321 to move until they are collinear and form a dead point. At this time, the docking template 32 and the adjacent main template 31 are docked, and the limiting ball at the end of the L-shaped rod enters the arc-shaped track groove 3341, which strengthens the limiting effect between the docking template 32 and the adjacent main template 31, and enhances the stability of the template connection during concrete pouring. After the construction safety inspection is carried out, the lining concrete of this section is poured.

[0099] 5. After the concrete strength of this section reaches the predetermined value, the intelligent posture control mechanism 5 is operated to make the lining template mechanism 3 detach from the concrete surface. Specifically, the driver 331 receives the control command sent by the programmable logic controller 52 to shorten the driver 331. At this time, the fourth link 3324 and the third link 3323 rotate simultaneously, so that the second link 3322 rotates to break the dead point of the link with the third link 3323. Thus, the second link 3322 drives the docking template 32 to rotate and separate from the adjacent main template 31. Then, the control command sent by the programmable logic controller 52 drives the telescopic component 223 to shorten. The telescopic component 223 drives the main template 31 to move towards the central truss column 12 and detach from the concrete surface. Then, the wall tie rod 7 is installed between the constructed lining concrete and the central truss column 12 below for support.

[0100] 6. Repeat steps 3 to 5 above to pour the subsequent stages in sequence until the concrete lining of shaft 6 is completed.

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0102] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device, characterized in that, The construction equipment includes: The main support structure is located at the center of the shaft and is connected to the lining concrete of the constructed section of the shaft wall by wall ties. The telescopic truss construction mechanism has multiple components evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the main support mechanism, which are used to adapt to the lining construction of vertical shafts with different diameters. The retractable truss construction mechanism includes: Transmission components; the transmission components include: The servo motor is installed above the modular truss construction platform and is connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism. Multiple transmission gears are evenly installed on the side wall of the modular truss construction platform, and each transmission gear meshes with a rack. The fall arrestor is installed on the modular truss construction platform and located below the servo motor; A modular truss construction platform, detachably connected to the central truss column via a transmission assembly; the modular truss construction platform includes: The inner ring truss is detachably connected to the outside of the central truss column; The outer ring truss is movably installed on the side of the inner ring truss away from the central truss column, and the outer ring truss is equipped with telescopic components for connecting the lining formwork mechanism; The lining formwork mechanism, connected to the telescopic truss construction mechanism, is used to achieve rapid formwork support for the lining construction of irregularly shaped shafts. The intelligent attitude control mechanism is connected to the telescopic truss construction mechanism and the lining formwork mechanism respectively, and is used to realize the automatic adjustment of the construction height of the telescopic truss construction mechanism and the construction scale of the lining formwork mechanism. The construction device also includes a steering mechanism located at the lower end of the main support structure. The steering mechanism is installed between the upper and lower truss columns of the central truss column. The steering mechanism includes an upper disc and a lower disc, wherein: A central gear is provided on the upper disc, and multiple universal wheels are arranged in a ring at the lower end of the central gear. Each universal wheel is slidably connected to the lower disc. Four power components are arranged in a square on the lower disc. Each power component meshes with the central gear and is connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism.

2. The variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main support structure includes: The base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shaft; The central truss column is located at the center of the shaft and connected to the foundation base. One end of the wall tie rod is fixedly connected to the central truss column.

3. The variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central truss column is equipped with vertical guide rails, racks, limiters, and ladders, among which: The vertical guide rails are arranged vertically along the outer side of the central truss column, and the racks are arranged along the height direction of the vertical guide rails. Multiple limiters are provided, and the limiters are evenly distributed along the height direction of the central truss column. The limiters are also connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism. The ladder is located inside the central truss column.

4. The variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lining template mechanism includes a main template, a docking template, and an auxiliary opening and closing component. The main template and the telescopic component are detachably connected, and the telescopic component is communicatively connected to an intelligent attitude control mechanism. The docking template is movably connected to the main template, and the auxiliary opening and closing component is located between the main template and the docking template.

5. The variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The auxiliary opening and closing components include: The actuator is connected to the main template and the docking template at both ends, and is also connected to the intelligent attitude control mechanism. The push-pull section is provided in two sets, located above and below the driver respectively. Each set of push-pull sections is connected to the main template and the docking template respectively through fixed platform one and fixed platform two.

6. A method for constructing a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining, characterized in that, This method is implemented based on a variable cross-section vortex shaft lining construction device according to any one of claims 1-5, and includes the following steps: S1: Excavate a vertical shaft and pour concrete on the shaft wall and bottom for initial support; S2: Build the foundation base and central truss column. After calibration, install the telescopic truss construction mechanism and lining template mechanism on the central truss column, and then install and debug the intelligent attitude control mechanism. S3: Utilize an intelligent attitude control mechanism to raise the modular truss construction platform to a suitable height for rebar tying, and complete the rebar tying operation; S4: Install the lining formwork mechanism, adjust the height of the modular truss construction platform to the appropriate height for concrete pouring, use the intelligent attitude control mechanism to complete the installation and connection of the docking formwork with the adjacent main formwork, and pour the lining concrete for this section. S5: When the strength of the lining concrete poured in step S4 reaches the required level, the intelligent posture control mechanism is used to detach the lining formwork mechanism from the concrete surface, and wall ties are installed between the constructed lining concrete and the central truss column for support. S6: Repeat steps S3 to S5 to pour the lining concrete for the subsequent stages of the shaft in sequence.

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