Energy-saving air conditioner for production workshop and system

Abstract

This invention relates to an energy-saving air conditioner and system for production workshops in the field of air conditioning technology. By continuously and adaptively switching between energy-saving mode and cooling-assisted mode, compared with the prior art, it can effectively utilize the existing residual cooling in the production workshop for air conditioning without affecting the high cooling demand, thereby significantly reducing the operating time of traditional air conditioners and effectively saving energy. In addition, during the dual-mode switching, an anti-expansion sleeve is used to monitor and protect the three-way solenoid valve in the intelligent switching module. On the one hand, a protective layer is formed on the outside of the three-way solenoid valve to effectively inhibit its expansion and cracking. On the other hand, its state under high temperature and high pressure can be detected in time, so as to detect the initial situation of expansion and cracking in time, which is convenient for timely detection and maintenance, and effectively avoids the leakage of refrigerant or residual heat vapor due to direct expansion and cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an energy-saving air conditioner and system, and particularly to an energy-saving air conditioner and system for use in production workshops in the field of air conditioning technology. Background Technology

[0002] An air conditioner, also known as an air conditioner, is a device that uses artificial means to partially or completely regulate the temperature, humidity, airflow, and cleanliness of air in a closed space, so that the air parameters of the target environment meet the requirements. It generally includes cold and heat source equipment, cold and heat medium system, terminal devices, and other auxiliary equipment, mainly including water pumps, fans, and pipeline systems.

[0003] Existing air conditioners generally consist of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, and an expansion valve. They achieve cooling through the circulation of refrigerant. The cooling and heating operation of such air conditioners mainly relies on electrical control. For example, the air conditioning system for production workshops disclosed in Chinese Patent Specification No. CN107702376A and the integrated air-source heat pump heating and cooling air conditioner disclosed in Chinese Patent Specification No. CN104964482A.

[0004] Production workshops are large spaces, and the operation of various equipment results in high internal heat, leading to a very high demand for cooling in summer. This requires air conditioning to run continuously for long periods of time, which results in high energy consumption of traditional air conditioners. This does not conform to the current concept of green and sustainable development and can also lead to an invisible increase in the production costs of production activities in the workshop. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the cooling requirements of the production workshop are high and the energy consumption is high.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an energy-saving air conditioner for production workshops, comprising an air conditioning unit located outside the production workshop, and multiple air inlets and outlets installed on the top of the production workshop. The air conditioning unit includes an evaporator and a condenser. An intake pipe and an exhaust pipe are also installed on the top of the workshop, with one end of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe fixed and connected to the air inlet and the exhaust outlet, respectively. The intake pipe is connected in parallel to two intake branch pipes via an electric three-way valve. The two intake branch pipes are fixedly connected to the air inlets of the evaporator and the condenser, respectively. The air inlet and exhaust outlet of the condenser are also equipped with electric three-way valves, so that both the air inlet and exhaust outlet of the condenser have two gas exchange ports.

[0007] Air conditioners include energy-saving mode and auxiliary cooling mode;

[0008] In auxiliary cooling mode, the air conditioner also includes a compressor and an expansion valve. Three-way solenoid valves are installed at the upper and lower ends of the evaporator and condenser, so that two fluid exchange ports are formed at the upper and lower ends of the evaporator and condenser. A circulation pipe is fixedly connected between the upper fluid exchange port of the evaporator and the compressor's air inlet, the compressor's air outlet and the upper fluid exchange port of the condenser, the lower fluid exchange port of the condenser and the inlet expansion valve, and the expansion valve outlet and the lower fluid exchange port of the evaporator. One of the gas exchange ports at the condenser's air inlet and air outlet is open and exposed.

[0009] In energy-saving mode, the air conditioner also includes a low-temperature water system. A recovery pipe is connected between another fluid exchange port above the evaporator and the workshop boiler, and between another fluid exchange port above the condenser and the low-temperature water system. An exhaust branch pipe is fixedly connected between another gas exchange port at the condenser exhaust port and the exhaust port of the evaporator and the exhaust main pipe.

[0010] The outer end of the three-way solenoid valve above the condenser and evaporator is fixedly wrapped with an anti-expansion sleeve. The anti-expansion sleeve includes a central ball shell wrapped around the middle of the three-way solenoid valve and three wall shells fixedly connected to the left, right and lower ends of the central ball shell. The three wall shells are fixedly sleeved on the outer ends of the three arms of the three-way solenoid valve. A passive variable ring is also fixedly connected to the outer end of the connection between the central ball shell and the wall shells.

[0011] The energy-saving air conditioners used in the aforementioned production workshops mainly include two modes: energy-saving mode and cooling-assisted mode. The energy-saving mode is the primary operating mode. Under normal circumstances, the waste heat from the boiler steam in the workshop is used for heating, and the waste cooling from the low-temperature cooling water system of various equipment in the production workshop is used for cooling. When the cooling demand in the cooling mode is higher and it is difficult to meet the cooling demand in the workshop, the system switches to the cooling-assisted mode to use the traditional cooling method for cooling. Compared with existing technologies, this effectively utilizes the original waste heat or waste cooling in the production workshop for air conditioning, thereby significantly reducing the operating time of traditional air conditioners and effectively saving energy.

[0012] As a further improvement of this application, a medium inlet pipe and a medium outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the lower outer end and the upper middle part of the central spherical shell, respectively. The central spherical shell is a double-layered hollow jacket structure, and the medium inlet pipe and the medium outlet pipe are respectively connected to the interior of the central spherical shell.

[0013] As a further improvement of this application, a crack monitoring unit is provided at the connection between the passive variable ring and the central spherical shell and the wall shell. The crack monitoring unit includes a silicone rubber gasket ring fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the end of the central spherical shell and the wall shell that are close to each other, two sets of piezoelectric columns arranged in a ring array, and a pressure sensor installed in the passive variable ring. The passive variable ring is saturated with electrorheological fluid, the pressure sensor is wrapped with an elastic protective film, and the detection end of the pressure sensor is immersed in the electrorheological fluid through the elastic protective film. Both sets of piezoelectric columns are electrically connected to the inside of the passive variable ring, and the two sets of piezoelectric columns correspond to the central spherical shell and the wall shell, respectively.

[0014] As a further improvement of this application, the piezoelectric column includes a force transmission rod that penetrates the silicone rubber gasket ring and a piezoelectric module fixedly connected to the end of the force transmission rod away from the center of the three-way solenoid valve. Multiple piezoelectric modules are located in the central spherical shell and the wall shell, respectively. The inner walls of the central spherical shell and the wall shell corresponding to the silicone rubber gasket ring are drilled with multiple conical holes. The multiple conical holes correspond to multiple force transmission rods, and the force transmission rods and the conical holes are coaxial and do not contact each other.

[0015] As a further improvement of this application, the piezoelectric module is composed of multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets stacked in series. The multiple piezoelectric modules are connected in parallel to the inner wall of the passive variable ring by wires. The inner wall of the passive variable ring is equipped with conductive sheets extending into the electrorheological fluid, and the conductive sheets are close to the detection end of the pressure sensor.

[0016] As a further improvement to this application, the passive variable ring is also provided with a maintenance indicator component, which includes a transparent ring fixedly embedded in the upper end of the passive variable ring and a wave spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the passive variable ring. The straight middle part of the wave spring is opposite to and tightly attached to the transparent ring.

[0017] As another improvement of this application, the wave spring includes two hemispherical rings and a connecting piece fixedly connected between the hemispherical rings. Both hemispherical rings are filled with magnetic suspension fluid, and the surface of the connecting piece is coated with a magnetic coating.

[0018] An energy-saving system for an energy-saving air conditioner in a production workshop includes an intelligent switching module and a workshop temperature monitoring unit. The intelligent switching module includes an electric three-way valve and a three-way solenoid valve. The workshop temperature monitoring unit includes multiple temperature sensors, a temperature difference comparison module, and a response speed monitoring module installed in various locations within the production workshop. The intelligent switching module is used to switch between the energy-saving mode and the auxiliary cooling mode of the energy-saving air conditioner.

[0019] As a further improvement of this application, in the auxiliary refrigeration mode, the gas exchange port and fluid exchange port related to the energy-saving mode are both closed, while the electric three-way valves on the exhaust main pipe and exhaust branch pipe are opened toward the evaporator opening.

[0020] In summary, the system mainly includes two modes: energy-saving mode and refrigeration-assisted mode, with energy-saving mode being the primary operating mode. Under normal circumstances, it utilizes the waste heat from the boiler steam in the workshop for heating and the waste cooling from the low-temperature cooling water system of various equipment in the production workshop for cooling. When the cooling demand in the higher-demand refrigeration mode is insufficient to meet the cooling needs of the workshop, it switches to refrigeration-assisted mode to use traditional refrigeration methods. Compared with existing technologies, this effectively utilizes the existing waste heat or waste cooling in the production workshop for air conditioning, thereby significantly reducing the operating time of traditional air conditioners and effectively saving energy. In addition, during the dual-mode switching, an anti-expansion sleeve is used to monitor and protect the three-way solenoid valve in the intelligent switching module. On the one hand, a protective layer is formed on the outside of the three-way solenoid valve to effectively inhibit its expansion and cracking. On the other hand, its status under high temperature and high pressure can be detected in time, and any expansion or cracking can be detected in time, facilitating timely inspection and maintenance, and effectively preventing direct expansion and cracking that could lead to refrigerant or waste heat vapor leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a main principle block diagram of the first embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving mode of the first embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling auxiliary mode according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the prior art for the first embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of the energy-saving system according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the condenser according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the three-way solenoid valve according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a partial exploded view of the three-way solenoid valve according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-expansion sleeve according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 11This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the passive variable ring according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a partial exploded view of the three-way solenoid valve according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the changes in the maintenance indicator component of the second embodiment of this application before and after the electrorheological fluid hardens.

[0034] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0035] 1 Three-way solenoid valve, 2 Anti-expansion sleeve, 201 Medium inlet pipe, 202 Medium outlet pipe, 203 Conical hole, 21 Central spherical shell, 22 Wall shell, 3 Passive variable ring, 301 Pressure sensor, 4 Silicone rubber gasket ring, 51 Force transmission rod, 52 Piezoelectric module, 61 Transparent ring, 621 Hemispherical ring, 622 Connecting bridge piece. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The two embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] First implementation method:

[0038] Figure 1 An energy-saving air conditioner for a production workshop is shown, including an air conditioning unit located outside the production workshop, and multiple air inlets and outlets installed on the top of the production workshop. The air conditioning unit includes an evaporator and a condenser. An intake pipe and an exhaust pipe are also installed on the top of the workshop. One end of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are fixed and connected to the air inlet and the exhaust outlet, respectively. The intake pipe is connected in parallel with two intake branch pipes through an electric three-way valve. The two intake branch pipes are fixedly connected to the air inlets of the evaporator and the condenser, respectively. The air inlet and exhaust outlet of the condenser are also equipped with electric three-way valves, so that the air inlet and exhaust outlet of the condenser each have two gas exchange ports.

[0039] Air conditioners include energy-saving mode and auxiliary cooling mode;

[0040] like Figure 3In auxiliary cooling mode, the air conditioner also includes a compressor and an expansion valve. Three-way solenoid valves 1 are installed at the upper and lower ends of the evaporator and condenser, forming two fluid exchange ports at the upper and lower ends of the evaporator and condenser. A circulation pipe is fixedly connected between one fluid exchange port above the evaporator and the compressor's air inlet, between the compressor's air outlet and one fluid exchange port above the condenser, between one fluid exchange port below the condenser and the inlet expansion valve, and between the expansion valve outlet and one fluid exchange port below the evaporator. One of the gas exchange ports at the condenser's air inlet and air outlet is open and exposed. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged by the compressor is very hot and can directly exchange heat with the outdoor air, thereby achieving a preliminary cooling effect. This mode is the traditional cooling mode. The specific cooling process will not be described in detail here.

[0041] like Figure 2 In energy-saving mode, the air conditioner also includes a low-temperature water system. A recovery pipe is connected between another fluid exchange port above the evaporator and the workshop boiler, and between another fluid exchange port above the condenser and the low-temperature water system. An exhaust branch pipe is fixedly connected between another gas exchange port at the condenser exhaust port and the exhaust port of the evaporator and the exhaust main pipe. This effectively utilizes the waste heat of steam from the workshop's own boiler and the waste cooling in the cooling water used to cool equipment or products. On the one hand, this can effectively improve the recycling rate of resources, and on the other hand, it can significantly reduce the energy consumption of this air conditioner.

[0042] like Figure 5 An energy-saving system for an energy-efficient air conditioner in a production workshop includes an intelligent switching module and a workshop temperature monitoring unit. The intelligent switching module includes an electric three-way valve and a three-way solenoid valve. The workshop temperature monitoring unit includes multiple temperature sensors, a temperature difference comparison module, and a response speed monitoring module installed at various locations within the production workshop. The intelligent switching module is used to switch between the energy-saving mode and the auxiliary cooling mode of the air conditioner. When the air conditioner is turned on, if heating is required, the intelligent switching module directly controls it to operate in energy-saving mode, thereby directly utilizing the waste heat from the boiler steam. If cooling is required, it is also controlled to operate in energy-saving mode to keep the workshop cool. Air can directly enter the condenser and exchange heat with the low-temperature water containing residual cooling in the workshop, thus cooling the hot air into cold air before it is introduced into the workshop. Multiple temperature sensors in the workshop monitor the temperature, and a temperature difference comparison module continuously calculates the temperature difference from the initial temperature. A response speed monitoring module calculates the response speed using a temperature difference / time difference method. When the response speed falls below a preset threshold, the system intelligently switches off the gas and fluid exchange ports associated with the energy-saving mode and opens the corresponding gas and fluid exchange ports associated with the auxiliary cooling mode. Figure 3The auxiliary cooling mode shown performs traditional electric cooling. When the temperature reaches the expected level, it switches back to energy-saving mode. In this mode, the temperature difference comparison module calculates the temperature difference between the current temperature and the expected temperature. If the temperature difference is too large, it switches back to auxiliary cooling mode. This achieves mutual assistance between the two modes, effectively maintaining high-demand cooling while achieving energy-saving results.

[0043] In auxiliary cooling mode, both the gas exchange port and fluid exchange port related to the energy-saving mode are closed. Simultaneously, the electric three-way valves on the exhaust main and exhaust branch pipes are opened towards the evaporator opening. This allows the intake branch pipe, used for guiding cold air in the workshop during energy-saving heating mode, to allow hot air from the workshop to flow into the evaporator for further cooling. Figure 4 Traditional refrigeration methods are used for auxiliary refrigeration.

[0044] The driving of gas involves fans or air pumps, while the driving of liquid involves water pumps. These are existing technologies and will not be discussed in detail here.

[0045] like Figure 6-8 In the diagram, 'a' represents a condenser or evaporator. The outer end of the three-way solenoid valve 1 above the condenser and evaporator is fixedly wrapped with an anti-expansion sleeve 2. The anti-expansion sleeve 2 includes a central spherical shell 21 wrapped around the middle of the three-way solenoid valve 1 and three wall shells 22 fixedly connected to the left, right, and lower ends of the central spherical shell 21. The three wall shells 22 are fixedly fitted onto the outer ends of the three arms of the three-way solenoid valve 1. A passive variable ring 3 is also fixedly connected to the outer end of the connection between the central spherical shell 21 and the wall shells 22. The lower outer end of the central spherical shell 21... The upper middle part is fixedly connected to a medium inlet pipe 201 and a medium outlet pipe 202 respectively. The central spherical shell 21 is a double-layer hollow jacket structure, and the medium inlet pipe 201 and the medium outlet pipe 202 are respectively connected to the interior of the central spherical shell 21. Cooling water can be filled into the jacket through the medium inlet pipe 201 and the medium outlet pipe 202, so that the temperature of the three-way solenoid valve 1 above the condenser and evaporator is not too high, so that it is not easy to run out of control due to high temperature, and effectively maintain its stability when switching between different modes.

[0046] Figure 9-10As shown, a crack monitoring unit is jointly provided at the connection between the passive variable ring 3 and the central spherical shell 21 and the wall shell 22. The crack monitoring unit includes a silicone rubber gasket 4 fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the adjacent ends of the central spherical shell 21 and the wall shell 22, two sets of piezoelectric columns arranged in a ring array, and a pressure sensor 301 installed in the passive variable ring 3. The passive variable ring 3 is saturated with electrorheological fluid. The pressure sensor 301 is wrapped with an elastic protective film, and the detection end of the pressure sensor 301 is immersed in the electrorheological fluid through the elastic protective film. Both sets of piezoelectric columns are electrically connected to the inside of the passive variable ring 3, and the two sets of piezoelectric columns correspond to the central spherical shell 21 and the wall shell 22, respectively. Because the silicone rubber gasket 4 has a certain elasticity, when When the three-way solenoid valve 1 is prone to cracking, the interface between the central spherical shell 21 and the wall shell 22 is more prone to cracking because it is welded later rather than being a single piece. At this time, the edges of the central spherical shell 21 or the wall shell 22 that are close to each other will deform outward, thereby squeezing the silicone rubber gasket ring 4. At this time, the nearby force transmission rod 51 is subjected to force, which can resist the piezoelectric module 52, thereby generating a momentary current, causing the magnetorheological fluid in the passive variable ring 3 to harden. When hardened, its structure becomes denser, which will exert a squeezing force on the pressure sensor 301, thereby causing it to produce a large data change. Based on the data, the staff can carry out timely maintenance in the early stage of possible cracking, effectively avoiding the subsequent leakage of refrigerant or high-temperature vapor due to cracking.

[0047] The piezoelectric column includes a force transmission rod 51 that passes through the silicone rubber gasket 4 and a piezoelectric module 52 fixedly connected to the end of the force transmission rod 51 away from the center of the three-way solenoid valve 1. Multiple piezoelectric modules 52 are located in the central spherical shell 21 and the wall shell 22, respectively. Multiple conical holes 203 are drilled in the inner walls of the central spherical shell 21 and the wall shell 22 corresponding to the silicone rubber gasket 4. Multiple conical holes 203 correspond to multiple force transmission rods 51, and the force transmission rods 51 and the conical holes 203 are coaxial and do not contact each other. The setting of the conical holes 203 allows the force transmission rods 51 to move toward the piezoelectric module 52 even when they are not subjected to a vertical axial force. At this time, the piezoelectric module 52 can also be squeezed, improving the compatibility with the outward expansion force of 1.

[0048] It is worth noting that, in order to avoid the pressure sensor 301 being falsely triggered due to the thermal expansion of the silicone rubber gasket 4 itself, the control rod 51 is moved through the silicone rubber gasket 4 instead of being fixed to it, so that when the silicone rubber gasket 4 undergoes slight thermal expansion, the control rod 51 is less likely to be subjected to axial compressive force.

[0049] The piezoelectric module 52 is composed of multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets stacked in series. The multiple piezoelectric modules 52 are connected in parallel to the inner wall of the passive variable ring 3 through wires. The inner wall of the passive variable ring 3 is equipped with conductive sheets extending into the electrorheological fluid. The conductive sheets are close to the detection end of the pressure sensor 301. The multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets connected in series can effectively increase the total charge and improve the output voltage, thereby effectively ensuring that the electrorheological fluid can harden rapidly when the piezoelectric column is triggered.

[0050] In summary, the system mainly includes two modes: energy-saving mode and refrigeration-assisted mode, with energy-saving mode being the primary operating mode. Under normal circumstances, it utilizes the waste heat from the boiler steam in the workshop for heating and the waste cooling from the low-temperature cooling water system of various equipment in the production workshop for cooling. When the cooling demand in the higher-demand refrigeration mode is insufficient to meet the cooling needs of the workshop, it switches to refrigeration-assisted mode to use traditional refrigeration methods. Compared with existing technologies, this effectively utilizes the existing waste heat or waste cooling in the production workshop for air conditioning, thereby significantly reducing the operating time of traditional air conditioners and effectively saving energy. In addition, during the dual-mode switching, an anti-expansion sleeve 2 is used to monitor and protect the three-way solenoid valve 1 in the intelligent switching module. On the one hand, a protective layer is formed on the outside of the three-way solenoid valve 1 to effectively inhibit its expansion and cracking. On the other hand, its status under high temperature and high pressure can be detected in time, and any expansion and cracking can be detected in time, facilitating timely inspection and maintenance, and effectively preventing direct expansion and cracking that could lead to refrigerant or waste heat vapor leakage.

[0051] Second implementation method:

[0052] This embodiment adds a maintenance indicator component to the first embodiment, while the rest remains the same as the first embodiment.

[0053] Figure 12 As shown, the passive variable ring 3 is also provided with a maintenance indicator component. The maintenance indicator component includes a transparent ring 61 fixedly embedded in the upper end of the passive variable ring 3 and a wave spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the passive variable ring 3. The straight middle part of the wave spring is opposite to and tightly attached to the transparent ring 61. The wave spring includes two hemispherical rings 621 and a connecting piece 622 fixedly connected between the hemispherical rings 621. Both hemispherical rings 621 are filled with magnetic suspension fluid, and the surface of the connecting piece 622 is coated with a magnetic coating.

[0054] When there is a tendency to expand and crack, part of the piezoelectric module 52 will be subjected to force and generate current. At the moment the current is generated, the electrorheological fluid in the passive variable ring 3 is energized and hardened. The hardened electrorheological fluid will squeeze the two hemispherical rings 621, causing the magnetic suspension fluid inside both to move towards the connecting plate 622, which is slightly expanded. As a result, some magnetic particles in the magnetic suspension fluid will be attracted by the magnetic coating and adhere to the connecting plate 622. When the magnetorheological fluid regains its fluidity, as the hemispherical rings 621 and the connecting plate 622 recover their deformation, these magnetic particles are pressed together with the connecting plate 622 onto the lower surface of the transparent ring 61, appearing as black marks. At this time, when maintenance personnel receive an anomaly at the pressure sensor 301 for inspection, they can distinguish and locate it based on the black marks on the transparent ring 61, thereby effectively reducing the difficulty of troubleshooting and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0055] In light of current practical needs, the above-described embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to these. Any changes made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving air conditioner for production workshops, characterized in that: The system includes an air conditioning unit located outside the production workshop, and multiple air inlets and outlets installed on the top of the production workshop. The air conditioning unit includes an evaporator and a condenser. The top of the workshop is also equipped with an intake pipe and an exhaust pipe. One end of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are fixed and connected to the air inlet and the exhaust outlet, respectively. The intake pipe is connected in parallel with two intake branch pipes through an electric three-way valve. The two intake branch pipes are fixedly connected to the air inlets of the evaporator and the condenser, respectively. The air inlet and exhaust outlet of the condenser are also equipped with electric three-way valves, so that the air inlet and exhaust outlet of the condenser each have two gas exchange ports. The air conditioner includes an energy-saving mode and an auxiliary cooling mode; In the auxiliary cooling mode, the air conditioner also includes a compressor and an expansion valve. The upper and lower openings of the evaporator and condenser are each equipped with a three-way solenoid valve (1), so that the upper and lower ends of the evaporator and condenser each form two fluid exchange ports. A circulation pipe is fixedly connected between the fluid exchange port above the evaporator and the air inlet of the compressor, the air outlet of the compressor and the fluid exchange port above the condenser, the fluid exchange port below the condenser and the inlet expansion valve, and the outlet of the expansion valve and the fluid exchange port below the evaporator. One of the gas exchange ports at the air inlet and the air outlet of the condenser is open and exposed. In energy-saving mode, the air conditioner also includes a low-temperature water system. A recovery pipe is connected between another fluid exchange port above the evaporator and the workshop boiler, and between another fluid exchange port above the condenser and the low-temperature water system. An exhaust branch pipe is fixedly connected between another gas exchange port at the exhaust port of the condenser and the exhaust port of the evaporator and the exhaust main pipe. The outer end of the three-way solenoid valve (1) above the condenser and evaporator is fixedly wrapped with an anti-expansion sleeve (2). The anti-expansion sleeve (2) includes a central spherical shell (21) wrapped around the middle of the three-way solenoid valve (1) and three wall shells (22) fixedly connected to the left, right and lower ends of the central spherical shell (21). The three wall shells (22) are fixedly sleeved on the outer ends of the three arms of the three-way solenoid valve (1). A passive variable ring (3) is also fixedly connected to the outer end of the connection between the central spherical shell (21) and the wall shells (22). A crack monitoring unit is provided at the connection between the passive variable ring (3), the central spherical shell (21), and the wall shell (22). The crack monitoring unit includes a silicone rubber gasket ring (4) fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the central spherical shell (21) and the wall shell (22) that are close to each other, two sets of piezoelectric columns arranged in a ring array, and a pressure sensor (301) installed in the passive variable ring (3). The passive variable ring (3) is saturated with electrorheological fluid. The pressure sensor (301) is wrapped with an elastic protective film, and the detection end of the pressure sensor (301) is immersed in the electrorheological fluid through the elastic protective film. Both sets of piezoelectric columns are electrically connected to the inside of the passive variable ring (3), and the two sets of piezoelectric columns correspond to the central spherical shell (21) and the wall shell (22) respectively.

2. The energy-saving air conditioner for a production workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower outer end and the upper middle part of the central spherical shell (21) are respectively fixedly connected to a medium inlet pipe (201) and a medium outlet pipe (202). The central spherical shell (21) is a double-layer hollow jacket structure, and the medium inlet pipe (201) and the medium outlet pipe (202) are respectively connected to the interior of the central spherical shell (21).

3. The energy-saving air conditioner for a production workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric column includes a force transmission rod (51) that passes through the silicone rubber gasket (4) and a piezoelectric module (52) fixedly connected to one end of the force transmission rod (51) away from the center of the three-way solenoid valve (1). The multiple piezoelectric modules (52) are located in the central spherical shell (21) and the wall shell (22), respectively. The inner walls of the central spherical shell (21) and the wall shell (22) corresponding to the silicone rubber gasket (4) are drilled with multiple conical holes (203). The multiple conical holes (203) correspond to the multiple force transmission rods (51), and the force transmission rods (51) and the conical holes (203) are coaxial and do not contact each other.

4. An energy-saving air conditioner for a production workshop according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piezoelectric module (52) is composed of multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets stacked in series. The multiple piezoelectric modules (52) are connected in parallel to the inner wall of the passive variable ring (3) through wires. The inner wall of the passive variable ring (3) is equipped with conductive sheets extending into the electrorheological fluid, and the conductive sheets are close to the detection end of the pressure sensor (301).

5. An energy-saving air conditioner for a production workshop according to claim 4, characterized in that: The passive variable ring (3) is also provided with a maintenance indicator component. The maintenance indicator component includes a transparent ring (61) fixedly embedded in the upper end of the passive variable ring (3) and a wave spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the passive variable ring (3). The straight middle part of the wave spring is opposite to and closely attached to the transparent ring (61).

6. An energy-saving air conditioner for a production workshop according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wave spring includes two hemispherical rings (621) and a connecting piece (622) fixedly connected between the hemispherical rings (621). Both hemispherical rings (621) are filled with magnetic suspension fluid, and the surface of the connecting piece (622) is coated with a magnetic coating.

7. The energy-saving system for an energy-saving air conditioner in a production workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes an intelligent switching module and a workshop temperature monitoring unit. The intelligent switching module includes an electric three-way valve and a three-way solenoid valve. The workshop temperature monitoring unit includes multiple temperature sensors, a temperature difference comparison module, and a response speed monitoring module installed in various locations within the production workshop. The intelligent switching module is used to switch between the energy-saving mode and the auxiliary cooling mode of the energy-saving air conditioner.

8. The energy-saving system for an energy-saving air conditioner in a production workshop according to claim 7, characterized in that: In auxiliary cooling mode, the gas exchange port and fluid exchange port related to the energy-saving mode are closed, while the electric three-way valves on the exhaust main pipe and exhaust branch pipe are opened toward the evaporator.

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