Construction method of anesthetic machine digital twin model

Abstract

The application relates to the field of electric digital data processing, in particular to a construction method of an anesthesia machine digital twin model, which comprises the following steps: based on the functional structure of an anesthesia machine, constructing an equivalent model of a gas supply module circuit; constructing an equivalent model of an anesthetic drug delivery module circuit; constructing an equivalent model of a breathing circuit module circuit; constructing an equivalent model of a breathing support module circuit; constructing an equivalent model of an auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit; constructing an equivalent model of an ACGO ventilation module circuit; further comprising: constructing an anesthesia machine equipment fault model; through the construction of the anesthesia machine digital twin model coupled with fluid mechanics and material calculation multi-information, the working structure and functional action of the anesthesia machine are simulated, and material interaction and ventilation control in the anesthesia machine treatment process are dynamically simulated. Through the construction of the anesthesia machine equipment fault model, the ability of a user to judge and handle equipment faults is trained, treatment effect reduction caused by equipment faults is prevented, and the safety of patients is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electrical digital data processing, and in particular to a method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine. Background Art

[0002] Anesthesia machines are used to control a patient's breathing and anesthetic gas concentration. They are indispensable equipment during surgery and form the core of the teaching content of anesthesia equipment. Modern anesthesia machines have developed into highly intelligent, integrated, and complex medical devices. In addition to having multiple inhaled anesthetic drug delivery functions, they also deeply integrate the various respiratory support functions of a ventilator. Effective training is required to master the working principles and functions of anesthesia machines. Currently, research on digital twin models of anesthesia machines is still a blank. Anesthesia machine training mainly relies on theoretical teaching, real equipment demonstrations, and clinical observations. The training efficiency is low, the level of clinical application is insufficient, and the potential risks of medical behavior are increased.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a solution for building a digital twin model of anesthesia machines to dynamically simulate the working structure and function of clinical anesthesia machine equipment so as to be suitable for actual clinical teaching and training. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Based on the functional structure of the anesthesia machine, a lumped parameter modeling method is used to construct a lumped parameter circuit equivalent model of the anesthesia machine, including: constructing a gas supply module circuit equivalent model, constructing an anesthetic drug delivery module circuit equivalent model, constructing a breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model, constructing a respiratory support module circuit equivalent model, constructing an auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model, and constructing an ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model; further, the following steps are included:

[0006] Construct a circuit equivalent model of the gas supply module to simulate anesthesia machines 、 , the medical air supply and gas delivery flow rate control, including the following steps:

[0007] Build The air supply unit comprises the following steps:

[0008] set up Gas source node , used for simulation Gas source;

[0009] Set up as described The first constant current source connected in series with the gas source node , used for simulation Flow rate control;

[0010] exist Gas source node Build Volume parameters and calculation formulas for simulating anesthesia machine Gas supply, The material change process with gradually decreasing content; the calculation formula is:

[0011] ;

[0012] in, The calculated current time Gas source capacity; For the previous moment Gas source capacity; For the current moment Constant flow drive flow rate of the source gas; For simulation fineness;

[0013] Build The air supply unit comprises the following steps:

[0014] set up Gas source node , used for simulation Gas source;

[0015] Set up as described The second constant current source connected in series with the gas source , used for simulation Flow rate control;

[0016] exist Gas source node Build Volume parameters and calculation formulas for simulating anesthesia machine Gas supply, The material change process with gradually decreasing content; the calculation formula is:

[0017] ;

[0018] in, The calculated current time Gas source capacity; For the previous moment Gas source capacity; For the current moment Constant flow drive flow rate of the source gas; For simulation fineness;

[0019] Constructing a medical air supply unit involves the following steps:

[0020] Setting up the medical air source node , used to simulate the medical air source; set the medical air source node The third constant current source in series , used to simulate medical air flow rate control;

[0021] At the medical air source node Medical air capacity parameters and calculation formulas were constructed to simulate the material change process of the anesthesia machine's medical air source supplying air and the gradual decrease in medical air content. The calculation formula is:

[0022] ;

[0023] in, The calculated gas volume of the medical air source at the current moment; The gas volume of the medical air source at the last moment; The constant flow rate of the medical air source gas at the current moment; For simulation fineness;

[0024] described Air supply unit, Gas supply unit, medical air supply unit and gas mixing node series; the gas mixing node , used for simulation 、 , mixing of medical air.

[0025] Constructing an equivalent circuit model of the anesthetic drug delivery module to simulate anesthetic gas supply and anesthetic gas delivery flow rate control includes the following steps:

[0026] Setting up the anesthetic gas source node , used to simulate the anesthetic gas source;

[0027] Set up the anesthetic gas source node The fourth constant current source in series , used to simulate anesthesia gas flow rate control;

[0028] At the anesthetic gas source node Construct an anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter and a calculation formula to simulate the process of delivering anesthetic gas according to the set anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter; the calculation formula is:

[0029] ;

[0030] in, is the calculated anesthetic gas delivery flow rate; The anesthetic gas concentration fraction value set by the user; for 、 , the total constant flow of medical air drives the air supply flow rate.

[0031] Constructing a circuit equivalent model of the breathing circuit module to simulate the patient ventilation path includes the following steps:

[0032] Constructing an inspiratory and expiratory circuit unit to simulate the delivery of air to and exhalation from a patient includes the following steps:

[0033] Constructing an inspiratory tube path and an expiratory tube path;

[0034] Wherein, the first resistor is set in the air intake pipeline path , used to simulate the resistance of the suction pipe to the air flow; set with the first resistor The first diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional flow of inspiratory airflow;

[0035] Wherein, the exhalation circuit path is provided with a second resistor , used to simulate the resistance of the expiratory circuit to the airflow; set with the second resistor The second diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional flow of exhalation airflow;

[0036] Build Absorption tank unit, used to simulate the lime tank of anesthesia machine to absorb the mixed gas , including the following steps:

[0037] Setting up the lime pot node , used to simulate the lime tank of anesthesia machine; set the lime tank node The fifth constant current source in series , the fifth constant current source To simulate absorption Flow rate control;

[0038] At the lime pot node The third resistor is set on both sides and the fourth resistor , the third resistor and the fourth resistor Used to simulate the resistance of ventilation pipes on both sides of the lime tank of anesthesia machine to air flow;

[0039] At the lime pot node Construct calculation formulas to simulate convection through lime tank nodes In the mixed gas The absorption mechanism of ; the calculation formula is:

[0040] ;

[0041] in, is the calculated initial inflow into the lime tank node Total material capacity of the mixed gas; Initial inflow into the lime tank node The volume of each substance in the mixed gas and; Initial inflow into the lime tank node In the mixed gas capacity; The calculated removal Post-lime tank node Total material capacity of the mixed gas; is calculated excluding absorption The current source flow rate of the substance; For simulation fineness;

[0042] Constructing a safety valve unit to simulate the ventilation line circuit pressure safety protection includes the following steps:

[0043] Setting the first voltage source , used to simulate the gas pressure required for protection in the ventilation pipeline;

[0044] Set the first voltage source with The third diode in series , the third diode Used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow;

[0045] Constructing a ventilation connection unit for simulating a gas connection path with a patient includes the following steps:

[0046] Setting up the ventilation connection node , used to simulate the gas inlet and outlet for ventilation with the patient;

[0047] Set with the first diode The fifth resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance of the Y-type trachea to the airflow connected to the inhalation pipeline;

[0048] The fifth resistor is set with The sixth resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance of the Y-shaped trachea connected to the expiratory tube to the airflow;

[0049] Set up the node connected with the ventilation , the fifth resistor , the sixth resistor Series Y-type pipe branch node , used to simulate the connection position between the Y-type tube and the patient's gas connection path, the inhalation tube path, and the expiratory tube path.

[0050] Constructing a circuit equivalent model of the respiratory support module to simulate respiratory support for patients includes the following steps:

[0051] Constructing a machine-controlled / manual switch to simulate the selection of machine-controlled ventilation mode or manual ventilation mode includes the following steps:

[0052] Setting the eighth resistor , set with the eighth resistor The ninth resistor in parallel , the eighth resistor and the ninth resistor Simulate mutually exclusive machine-controlled ventilation mode or manual ventilation mode selection;

[0053] Construct a machine-controlled ventilation unit with the eighth resistor Series connection is used to simulate the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine, including the following steps:

[0054] Constructing a simulated overflow valve involves the following steps:

[0055] Setting up the second voltage source , used to simulate the gas overflow limit pressure in the ventilation path under machine-controlled ventilation mode;

[0056] Set the second voltage source with The fourth diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow in the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine;

[0057] Constructing a simulated bellows involves the following steps:

[0058] Set the sixth constant current source , used to simulate the gas flow rate control in the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine;

[0059] The sixth constant current source is set with The first capacitor in series , used to simulate the elasticity of the bellows;

[0060] The sixth constant current source is set with A third voltage source connected in parallel , the third voltage source , used to simulate the gas pressure control in the ventilation path under machine-controlled ventilation mode;

[0061] Set the first capacitor The tenth resistor in series , the tenth resistor , used to simulate the resistance of air flow in the machine-controlled ventilation circuit;

[0062] Constructing a manual ventilation unit to simulate the ventilation path of an anesthesia machine in manual ventilation mode includes the following steps:

[0063] Building a simulated APL valve includes the following steps:

[0064] Setting the fourth voltage source , used to simulate the gas limit pressure under manual ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine;

[0065] The fourth voltage source is set The fifth diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow in the ventilation path under manual ventilation mode of anesthesia machine;

[0066] Constructing a simulated airbag involves the following steps:

[0067] Set the seventh constant current source , used to simulate the gas flow rate control under the manual ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine;

[0068] The seventh constant current source is set with The second capacitor in series , used to simulate the elasticity of the airbag;

[0069] Set the second capacitor The eleventh resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance to airflow in manual ventilation circuits.

[0070] Constructing an equivalent circuit model of the auxiliary oxygen supply module to simulate rapid oxygen flow and mixed gas removal includes the following steps:

[0071] Set the eighth constant current source , used to simulate oxygen flow rate control;

[0072] The eighth constant current source is set with The twelfth resistor in series , the twelfth resistor Used to simulate the ventilation control switch; when the twelfth resistor When set to the minimum value, it simulates the start of rapid oxygenation; In the eighth constant current source The mixed gas transport pipeline of the anesthesia machine is controlled; when the twelfth resistor When set to a maximum value, the simulation stops rapid oxygenation.

[0073] Constructing an ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model to simulate the ventilation path in which the mixed gas is directly supplied to the patient without passing through the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model includes the following steps:

[0074] Set the fourteenth resistor , used for analog switches; when the fourteenth resistor When the value is set to the minimum, ACGO ventilation is simulated; when the fourteenth resistor When set to the maximum value, it simulates stopping ACGO ventilation.

[0075] Constructing the connection relationship of the lumped parameter circuit equivalent model of the anesthesia machine includes the following steps:

[0076] The circuit equivalent model of the gas supply module and the circuit equivalent model of the anesthetic drug delivery module are connected in parallel to the gas mixing node ; The gas mixing node It is arranged on the mixed gas transport pipeline; the mixed gas transport pipeline is connected to the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model; the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model is connected to the breathing support module circuit equivalent model through the ventilation and exhaust transport pipeline; the auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model and the gas supply module circuit equivalent model are connected in parallel to the mixed gas transport pipeline; the ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model is respectively connected to the mixed gas transport pipeline and the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model.

[0077] Preferably, the mixed gas transport pipeline is provided with a thirteenth resistor , used to simulate the resistance of the mixed gas transport pipeline to the air flow; the ventilation and exhaust transport pipeline is provided with a fifteenth resistor Used to simulate the resistance of ventilation and exhaust transport pipelines to air flow.

[0078] Based on the anesthesia machine failure state, an anesthesia machine equipment failure model is constructed to simulate the connection gas leakage failure, bellows shutdown failure, anesthetic vaporizer failure, lime tank failure, oxygen supply exhaustion failure, and nitrous oxide supply exhaustion failure, including the following steps:

[0079] Constructing a connection gas circuit leakage fault model to simulate different degrees of leakage at the gas inlet and outlet of patient ventilation includes the following steps:

[0080] In the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model, set the seventh resistor , construct the seventh resistor The calculation formula of the resistance value and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is used to simulate the leakage faults of the connecting gas path of different severity levels; the calculation formula is: ;

[0081] in, The seventh resistance calculated for the connection gas leakage fault Resistance value; To connect the seventh resistor under gas leakage fault Minimum resistance value; To connect the seventh resistor under gas leakage fault Maximum resistance value; To adjust the parameters for different severity levels of gas leakage faults in the connection gas path, the parameter is a real number in the range of [0,1].

[0082] A bellows stall fault model is constructed to simulate a partial or complete failure of the drive control capability of the anesthesia machine's machine-controlled ventilation bellows drive assembly. The model includes the following steps:

[0083] In the circuit equivalent model of the respiratory support module, a calculation formula for the gas control pressure value or gas control flow rate value and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is constructed to simulate the bellows shutdown failure of different severity levels; the calculation formula is:

[0084] ;

[0085] in, is the calculated gas control pressure value or gas control flow rate value under the condition of bellows shutdown failure; The control pressure value or control flow rate value of the anesthesia machine controlled ventilation set by the user; Adjust the parameter for different severity levels of the wind box stall fault, and the parameter is a real number in the range of [0,1].

[0086] The anesthetic vaporizer failure model is constructed to simulate the partial or complete failure of the drug volatilization function of the anesthetic gas vaporizer component of the anesthesia machine, including the following steps:

[0087] In the circuit equivalent model of the anesthetic drug delivery module, a calculation formula for the anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter and the different severity adjustment parameters is constructed to simulate anesthetic vaporizer failures of different severities; the calculation formula is: ;

[0088] in, is the calculated fractional value of anesthetic gas concentration under the anesthetic vaporizer failure condition; The anesthetic gas concentration fraction value set by the user; Adjust the parameter for different severity levels of anesthetic vaporizer failure. The parameter is a real number in the range [0,1].

[0089] Construct a lime tank failure model to simulate the failure of the lime tank component of anesthesia machine. The partial or complete failure of the absorption function includes the following steps:

[0090] In the circuit equivalent model of the breathing circuit module, the mixed gas The calculation formula of the absorption capacity parameter and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is used to simulate the failure of lime pots with different severity levels; the calculation formula is: ;

[0091] in, is the calculated lime tank failure Absorbed by the absorption tank capacity; The mixed gas initially flowing into the lime tank capacity; The parameter is a real number in the range of [0,1] for adjusting the severity of lime tank failure.

[0092] Build Supply depletion failure model for simulating anesthesia machines In the air source assembly The gas alarm state includes the following steps:

[0093] In the gas supply module circuit equivalent model, The capacity parameter value is set to 0, simulating Supply depletion failure.

[0094] A nitrous oxide supply exhaustion fault model is constructed to simulate the nitrous oxide gas exhaustion state in the nitrous oxide source assembly of the anesthesia machine, including the following steps:

[0095] In the gas supply module circuit equivalent model, The capacity parameter value is set to 0 to simulate a nitrous oxide supply depletion fault.

[0096] Beneficial Effects: By constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine that couples fluid dynamics and material computation, the system's operating structure and functions are simulated, dynamically simulating material interactions and ventilation control during anesthesia treatment. By constructing an anesthesia machine failure model, users are trained to identify and handle equipment failures, preventing treatment efficacy degradation caused by equipment failures and safeguarding patient safety. This approach fills a technological gap in the construction of digital twin models for anesthesia machines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0097] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an equivalent model of a lumped parameter circuit of an anesthesia machine according to an embodiment;

[0098] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of a physiological signal monitoring curve of a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to an embodiment;

[0099] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of inhaled and exhaled anesthetic gas of an anesthesia machine digital twin model according to an embodiment;

[0100] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of a connection gas path leakage fault model according to an embodiment;

[0101] 1. Gas supply module circuit equivalent model; 2. Anesthetic drug delivery module circuit equivalent model; 3. Breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model; 4. Breathing support module circuit equivalent model; 5. Auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model; 6. ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] In order to make the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0103] The terms used in the specific implementation part of the present application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0104] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh", "eighth", "ninth", "tenth", "eleventh", "twelfth", "thirteenth", "fourteenth", "fifteenth" are only for description purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0105] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "provided with" should be understood broadly. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0106] The anesthesia machine described in the present embodiment is a clinical anesthesia machine.

[0107] As Figures 1 to 4 , the present embodiment provides a method for constructing an anesthesia machine digital twin model, comprising the following steps:

[0108] Based on the functional structure of the anesthesia machine, a lumped parameter circuit equivalent model of the anesthesia machine is constructed, including: constructing a gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1, constructing an anesthetic drug delivery module circuit equivalent model 2, constructing a breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3, constructing a respiratory support module circuit equivalent model 4, constructing an auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model 5, and constructing an ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model 6; further, the following steps are included:

[0109] Construct a gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1 to simulate the anesthesia machine 、 , the medical air supply and gas delivery flow rate control, including the following steps:

[0110] Build The air supply unit comprises the following steps:

[0111] set up Gas source node , used for simulation Gas source;

[0112] Set up as described The first constant current source connected in series with the gas source node , used for simulation Flow rate control;

[0113] exist Gas source node Build Volume parameters and calculation formulas for simulating anesthesia machine Gas supply, The material change process with gradually decreasing content; the calculation formula is:

[0114] ;

[0115] in, The calculated current time Gas source capacity; For the previous moment Gas source capacity; For the current moment Constant flow drive flow rate of the source gas; For simulation fineness;

[0116] Build The air supply unit comprises the following steps:

[0117] set up Gas source node , used for simulation Gas source;

[0118] Set up as described Second constant current source connected in series with the gas source , for simulating flow rate control;

[0119] at gas source node construct capacity parameters and calculation formulae for simulating the gradual decrease of the content of the material in the gas source; gas supply, the calculation formulae are:

[0120] ;

[0121] wherein, the calculated current time gas source gas capacity; the gas source gas capacity at the previous time; the current time gas source gas constant current driving flow rate; the simulation fineness;

[0122] constructing a medical air (Air) gas supply unit, comprising the following steps:

[0123] setting a medical air (Air) gas source node for simulating a medical air (Air) gas source; setting a third constant current source connected in series with the medical air (Air) gas source node for simulating medical air (Air) flow rate control;

[0124] constructing medical air (Air) capacity parameters and calculation formulae at the medical air (Air) gas source node for simulating the gradual decrease of the content of the material in the medical air (Air) gas source; the calculation formulae are:

[0125] ;

[0126] wherein, the calculated current time medical air (Air) gas source gas capacity; the medical air (Air) gas source gas capacity at the previous time; the current time medical air (Air) gas source gas constant current driving flow rate; the simulation fineness;

[0127] the gas supply unit, ​Air supply unit, medical air (Air) supply unit and gas mixing node series; the gas mixing node , used for simulation 、 , a mixture of medical air (Air).

[0128] Constructing an anesthetic drug delivery module circuit equivalent model 2 to simulate anesthetic gas supply and anesthetic gas delivery flow rate control includes the following steps:

[0129] Setting up the anesthetic gas source node , used to simulate the anesthetic gas source;

[0130] Set up the anesthetic gas source node The fourth constant current source in series , used to simulate anesthesia gas flow rate control;

[0131] At the anesthetic gas source node Construct an anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter and a calculation formula to simulate the process of delivering anesthetic gas according to the set anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter; the calculation formula is:

[0132] ;

[0133] in, is the calculated anesthetic gas delivery flow rate; The anesthetic gas concentration fraction value set by the user; for 、 , the total constant flow driving the supply flow rate of medical air (Air).

[0134] Constructing a breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 for simulating a patient ventilation path includes the following steps:

[0135] Constructing an inspiratory and expiratory circuit unit to simulate the delivery of air to and exhalation from a patient includes the following steps:

[0136] Constructing an inspiratory tube path and an expiratory tube path;

[0137] Wherein, the first resistor is set in the air intake pipeline path , used to simulate the resistance of the suction pipe to the air flow; set with the first resistor The first diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional flow of inspiratory airflow;

[0138] Wherein, the exhalation circuit path is provided with a second resistor , used to simulate the resistance of the expiratory circuit to the airflow; set with the second resistor The second diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional flow of exhalation airflow;

[0139] Build Absorption tank unit, used to simulate the lime tank of anesthesia machine to absorb the mixed gas , including the following steps:

[0140] Setting up the lime pot node , used to simulate the lime tank of anesthesia machine; set the lime tank node The fifth constant current source in series , the fifth constant current source To simulate absorption Flow rate control;

[0141] At the lime pot node The third resistor is set on both sides and the fourth resistor , the third resistor and the fourth resistor Used to simulate the resistance of ventilation pipes on both sides of the lime tank of anesthesia machine to air flow;

[0142] At the lime pot node Construct calculation formulas to simulate convection through lime tank nodes In the mixed gas The absorption mechanism of ; the calculation formula is:

[0143] ;

[0144] in, is the calculated initial inflow into the lime tank node Total material capacity of the mixed gas; Initial inflow into the lime tank node The volume of each substance in the mixed gas and; Initial inflow into the lime tank node In the mixed gas capacity; The calculated removal Post-lime tank node Total material capacity of the mixed gas; is calculated excluding absorption The current source flow rate of the substance; For simulation fineness;

[0145] Constructing a safety valve unit to simulate the ventilation line circuit pressure safety protection includes the following steps:

[0146] Setting the first voltage source , used to simulate the gas pressure required for protection in the ventilation pipeline;

[0147] Set the first voltage source with The third diode in series , the third diode Used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow;

[0148] Constructing a ventilation connection unit for simulating a gas connection path with a patient includes the following steps:

[0149] Setting up the ventilation connection node , used to simulate the gas inlet and outlet for ventilation with the patient;

[0150] Set with the first diode The fifth resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance of the Y-type trachea to the airflow connected to the inhalation pipeline;

[0151] The fifth resistor is set with The sixth resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance of the Y-shaped trachea connected to the expiratory tube to the airflow;

[0152] Set up the node connected with the ventilation , the fifth resistor , the sixth resistor Series Y-type pipe branch node , used to simulate the connection position between the Y-type tube and the patient's gas connection path, the inhalation tube path, and the expiratory tube path.

[0153] Constructing a respiratory support module circuit equivalent model 4 for simulating respiratory support for a patient includes the following steps:

[0154] Constructing a machine-controlled / manual switch to simulate the selection of machine-controlled ventilation mode or manual ventilation mode includes the following steps:

[0155] Setting the eighth resistor , set with the eighth resistor The ninth resistor in parallel , the eighth resistor and the ninth resistor Simulate mutually exclusive machine-controlled ventilation mode or manual ventilation mode selection.

[0156] In this embodiment, the ninth resistor Set to the maximum value and the eighth resistor When set to the minimum value, the simulation selects the machine-controlled ventilation breathing support mode; the eighth resistor Set to the maximum value and the ninth resistor When set to the minimum value, the simulation selects manual ventilation respiratory support mode;

[0157] Construct a machine-controlled ventilation unit with the eighth resistor Series connection is used to simulate the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine, including the following steps:

[0158] Constructing a simulated overflow valve involves the following steps:

[0159] Setting the second voltage source , used to simulate the gas overflow limit pressure in the ventilation path under machine-controlled ventilation mode;

[0160] Set the second voltage source with The fourth diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow in the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine;

[0161] Constructing a simulated bellows involves the following steps:

[0162] Set the sixth constant current source , used to simulate the gas flow rate control in the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine;

[0163] The sixth constant current source is set with The first capacitor in series , used to simulate the elasticity of the bellows;

[0164] The sixth constant current source is set with A third voltage source connected in parallel , the third voltage source , used to simulate the gas pressure control in the ventilation path under machine-controlled ventilation mode;

[0165] Set the first capacitor The tenth resistor in series , the tenth resistor , used to simulate the resistance of air flow in the machine-controlled ventilation circuit;

[0166] Constructing a manual ventilation unit to simulate the ventilation path of an anesthesia machine in manual ventilation mode includes the following steps:

[0167] Building a simulated APL (adjustable pressure limiting) valve involves the following steps:

[0168] Setting the fourth voltage source , used to simulate the gas limit pressure under manual ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine;

[0169] The fourth voltage source is set The fifth diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow in the ventilation path under manual ventilation mode of anesthesia machine;

[0170] Constructing a simulated airbag involves the following steps:

[0171] Set the seventh constant current source , used to simulate the gas flow rate control under the manual ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine;

[0172] The seventh constant current source is set with The second capacitor in series , used to simulate the elasticity of the airbag;

[0173] Set the second capacitor The eleventh resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance to airflow in manual ventilation circuits.

[0174] Constructing an auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model 5 for simulating rapid oxygen flow and simulating the removal of mixed gases includes the following steps:

[0175] Set the eighth constant current source , used to simulate oxygen flow rate control;

[0176] The eighth constant current source is set with The twelfth resistor in series , the twelfth resistor Used to simulate the ventilation control switch; when the twelfth resistor When set to the minimum value, it simulates the start of rapid oxygen flow; at the same time, the eighth constant current source is set The current value (i.e. the simulated flow rate value) makes In the eighth constant current source The mixed gas transport pipeline of the anesthesia machine is controlled; when the twelfth resistor When set to a maximum value, the simulation stops rapid oxygenation.

[0177] Constructing an ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model 6 to simulate a ventilation path in which the mixed gas is directly supplied to the patient without passing through the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 (specifically, without passing through the inspiratory and expiratory circuit units of the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 in this embodiment), includes the following steps:

[0178] Set the fourteenth resistor , used for analog switches; when the fourteenth resistor When it is set to the minimum value, ACGO ventilation is simulated. In this embodiment, the mixed gas is directly delivered to the ventilation connection unit between the respiratory circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 and the patient without passing through the inspiratory and expiratory pipeline unit of the respiratory circuit module circuit equivalent model 3. When the fourteenth resistor When set to the maximum value, it simulates stopping ACGO ventilation.

[0179] In this embodiment, when the anesthesia machine is simulated, the fourteenth resistor When set to the minimum value, ACGO ventilation is simulated, so that the mixed gas in the mixed gas transport pipeline is driven by the total gas flow rate of the gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1 through the Y-type pipeline branch node , directly supply gas to the ventilation connection node .

[0180] Constructing the connection relationship of the lumped parameter circuit equivalent model of the anesthesia machine includes the following steps:

[0181] The gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1 and the anesthetic drug delivery module circuit equivalent model 2 are connected in parallel to the gas mixing node ; The gas mixing node It is arranged on the mixed gas transport pipeline; the mixed gas transport pipeline is connected to the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3; the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 is connected to the breathing support module circuit equivalent model 4 through the ventilation and exhaust transport pipeline; the auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model 5 and the gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1 are connected in parallel to the mixed gas transport pipeline; the ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model 6 is respectively connected to the mixed gas transport pipeline and the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3.

[0182] In this embodiment, the mixed gas transport pipeline is provided with a thirteenth resistor , used to simulate the resistance of the mixed gas transport pipeline to the air flow; the ventilation and exhaust transport pipeline is provided with a fifteenth resistor Used to simulate the resistance of ventilation and exhaust transport pipelines to air flow.

[0183] In this embodiment, the gas mixing node With the thirteenth resistor connected in series; the thirteenth resistor The breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 is connected in series; the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 is connected in series with a fifteenth resistor The fifteenth resistor The respiratory support module circuit equivalent model 4 is connected in series; the auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model 5 is connected in parallel to the gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1 Gas source node and the thirteenth resistor ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model 6 is connected in parallel to the thirteenth resistor Y-type pipeline branch node of the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 .

[0184] In this embodiment, during a specific anesthesia machine simulation treatment process, Gas source node of The capacity parameter is 660L, Gas source node of The capacity parameter is 1590L, medical air (Air) source node The medical air capacity parameter is 660L. Gas source supply flow rate (corresponding to the first constant current source Current value) is 6L / min, Gas source supply flow rate (corresponding to the second constant current source Current value) is 2L / min, the medical air (Air) gas source supply flow rate (corresponding to the third constant current source Current value) is 0L / min, anesthetic gas source node The anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter is 6%, and the breathing circuit safety valve pressure (corresponding to the first voltage source Voltage value) is 50cmH2O, the patient is connected to the leakage branch resistor (corresponding to the seventh resistor resistance value) is 10 8 cmH2O s / L, respiratory support mode is machine-controlled ventilation (corresponding to the eighth resistor The resistance value is 0.001cmH2O s / L, the ninth resistor The resistance value is 10 8 cmH2O s / L), machine-controlled ventilation control pressure (corresponding to the third voltage source voltage value) is 15cmH2O, the bellows compliance (corresponding to the first capacitance The capacitance value of the second voltage source is 100L / cmH2O, and the end-expiratory pressure (corresponding to the second voltage source Voltage value) is 5cmH2O, rapid oxygenation and ACGO ventilation are off (corresponding to the twelfth resistor and the fourteenth resistor The resistance value is 10 8 cmH2O s / L), model simulation fineness 0.02s.

[0185] When the model simulation is executed, at time t0, the gas mixing node , lime pot node , Y-type pipeline branch node , ventilation connection node Gas substances are set to Concentration fraction 21%, Concentration fraction 0.04%, lime tank (corresponding node ) The gas capacity is 1.5L; at time t1, the total flow rate of the mixed gas transport pipeline is , based on the circuit equivalent model 、 、 The constant transport effect is calculated according to the gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1 formula , Capacity reduction (6 / 60) × 0.02 = 0.002 L, Capacity reduction (2 / 60) × 0.02 = 6.67 × 10 -4 L, medical air (Air) capacity reduction (0 / 60) × 0.02 = 0L; According to the calculation formula of the anesthetic drug delivery module circuit equivalent model 2, the anesthetic gas delivery flow rate is 6% × 8 / (1-6%) = 0.51L / min; According to the calculation formula of the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 Absorption tank unit calculation formula, inflow lime tank node Total material capacity of mixed gas ,in capacity , then remove Post-lime tank node Total material capacity of mixed gas , excluding absorbed The current source of the material (corresponding to the fifth constant current source ) Flow rate .

[0186] As the model simulation time continues, at each simulation detail ( ) perform the above operations to deliver the anesthetic gas mixture to the patient (corresponding to the ventilation connection node ), simulate the anesthesia machine inhalation anesthesia and respiratory support process. Figure 2 The horizontal axis is time, unit is seconds, among which the vertical axis of (a) is pressure, unit is cmH2O, the vertical axis of (b) is flow rate, unit is L / min, the vertical axis of (c) is capacity, unit is mL, and the vertical axis of (d) is Partial pressure, unit mmHg. Simulate the value and shape of the ventilation monitoring curve of the anesthesia machine during the continuous ventilation process under the pressure control of the anesthesia machine. Figure 3 The horizontal axis is time, unit is seconds, among which the vertical axis of (a) is the fraction of inhaled anesthetic gas, unit is percentage, and the vertical axis of (b) is the fraction of inhaled anesthetic gas, unit is percentage. Gas fraction, unit is percentage, (c) the vertical axis is the exhaled anesthetic gas fraction, unit is percentage, (d) the vertical axis is the exhaled Gas fraction, unit is percentage. During the inhalation phase, it can reflect that the anesthetic gas gradually reaches the set 6% anesthetic gas concentration fraction, and at the same time, the mixed gas The concentration of the substance gas changes and reaches a stable state; in the exhalation stage, the anesthetic gas and After the gas is consumed, it rises synchronously to a state slightly lower than that of the inhalation stage.

[0187] Based on the anesthesia machine failure state, an anesthesia machine equipment failure model is constructed to simulate the connection gas leakage failure, bellows shutdown failure, anesthetic vaporizer failure, lime tank failure, oxygen supply exhaustion failure, and nitrous oxide supply exhaustion failure, including the following steps:

[0188] Constructing a connection gas circuit leakage fault model to simulate different degrees of leakage at the gas inlet and outlet of patient ventilation includes the following steps:

[0189] In the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3, set the seventh resistor , construct the seventh resistor The calculation formula of the resistance value and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is used to simulate the leakage faults of the connecting gas path of different severity levels; the calculation formula is: ;

[0190] in, The seventh resistance calculated for the connection gas leakage fault resistance value; To connect the seventh resistor under gas leakage fault Minimum resistance value; To connect the seventh resistor under gas leakage fault Maximum resistance value; To adjust the parameters for different severity levels of the gas leakage fault in the connection gas path, the parameter is a real number in the range of [0,1];

[0191] In this embodiment, the seventh resistor Connecting nodes with ventilation connected in series to simulate the leakage state of the patient's ventilation connection inlet and outlet; when simulating no leakage, the seventh resistor Set to the maximum value; when simulating air leakage, reduce the seventh resistor The value of .

[0192] A bellows stall fault model is constructed to simulate a partial or complete failure of the drive control capability of the anesthesia machine's machine-controlled ventilation bellows drive assembly. The model includes the following steps:

[0193] In the respiratory support module circuit equivalent model 4, a calculation formula for the gas control pressure value or the gas control flow rate value and the adjustment parameters of different severity is constructed to simulate the bellows shutdown faults of different severity; the calculation formula is:

[0194] ;

[0195] in, is the calculated gas control pressure value or gas control flow rate value under the condition of bellows shutdown failure; The control pressure value or control flow rate value of the anesthesia machine controlled ventilation set by the user; Adjust the parameter for different severity levels of the wind box shutdown fault, and the parameter is a real number in the range of [0,1];

[0196] In this embodiment, the third voltage source of the machine-controlled ventilation unit of the respiratory support module circuit equivalent model 4 is Or the sixth constant current source , building a third voltage source Pressure value or sixth constant current source The calculation formula of the flow rate value and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is used to simulate the failure of the bellows shutdown of different severity levels; the calculation formula is: ;

[0197] in, is the calculated third voltage source under wind box shutdown fault Pressure value or sixth constant current source Flow rate value; The control pressure value or control flow rate value of the anesthesia machine controlled ventilation set by the user; Adjust the parameters for different severity levels of the wind box stall fault, and the parameters are real numbers in the range of [0,1].

[0198] The anesthetic vaporizer failure model is constructed to simulate the partial or complete failure of the drug volatilization function of the anesthetic gas vaporizer component of the anesthesia machine, including the following steps:

[0199] In the anesthetic drug delivery module circuit equivalent model 2, a calculation formula for the anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter and the different severity adjustment parameters is constructed to simulate anesthetic vaporizer failures of different severities; the calculation formula is: ;

[0200] in, is the calculated fractional value of anesthetic gas concentration under the anesthetic vaporizer failure condition; The anesthetic gas concentration fraction value set by the user; Adjust the parameters for different severity levels of anesthetic vaporizer failure, and the parameters are real numbers in the range of [0,1];

[0201] In this embodiment, specifically, at the anesthetic gas source node of the anesthetic drug delivery module circuit equivalent model 2, , a calculation formula for the anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels was constructed to simulate the failure of anesthetic vaporizers with different severity levels.

[0202] Construct a lime tank failure model to simulate the failure of the lime tank component of anesthesia machine. The partial or complete failure of the absorption function includes the following steps:

[0203] In the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model 3, the mixed gas The calculation formula of the absorption capacity parameter and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is used to simulate the failure of lime pots with different severity levels; the calculation formula is: ;

[0204] in, is the calculated lime tank failure Absorbed by the absorption tank capacity; The mixed gas initially flowing into the lime tank capacity; The parameter is a real number in the range of [0,1] for adjusting the severity of lime tank failure.

[0205] In this embodiment, specifically, in the respiratory circuit module circuit equivalent model 3 Lime tank node of the absorption tank unit , build a mixed gas The calculation formula of the absorption capacity parameter and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is used to simulate the failure of lime tanks with different severity levels; wherein the formula Initial inflow into the lime tank node In the mixed gas capacity.

[0206] Build Supply depletion failure model for simulating anesthesia machines In the air source assembly The gas alarm state includes the following steps:

[0207] In the gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1, The capacity parameter value is set to 0, simulating Supply depletion failure;

[0208] In this embodiment, specifically, in the gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1 Air supply unit Gas source node the gas source node is set to 0 to simulate a nitrous oxide supply depletion fault. The capacity parameter value of the gas source node

[0209] is set to 0 to simulate a nitrous oxide supply depletion fault.

[0210] In the gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1, the capacity parameter value of the gas source node is set to 0 to simulate a nitrous oxide supply depletion fault.

[0211] In this embodiment, specifically, in the gas supply module circuit equivalent model 1, the capacity parameter value of the gas source node of the gas supply unit is set to 0 to simulate a nitrous oxide supply depletion fault. The capacity parameter value of the gas source node is set to 0 to simulate a nitrous oxide supply depletion fault.

[0212] For example, taking the connection gas path leakage fault model as an example, in a specific connection gas path leakage fault simulation process, according to the connection gas path leakage fault model calculation formula, different severity adjustment parameters are set to 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8, respectively, and the seventh resistance values under different severity faults are calculated as , , , and the data is substituted into the above anesthesia machine digital twin model for simulation. As shown in Figure 4 , the horizontal axis is time, in seconds, and the vertical axis of (a) is flow rate, in L / min, and the vertical axis of (b) is capacity, in mL. The monitoring signal data and trend changes of the flow rate and capacity rising to different degrees after the connection gas path leakage of different severities occurs can be reflected.

[0213] The above merely describes preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, as long as it is within the spirit and principle of the present application, should be encompassed within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the functional structure of the anesthesia machine, a lumped parameter circuit equivalent model of the anesthesia machine is constructed using the lumped parameter modeling method, including: Construct a circuit equivalent model of the gas supply module to simulate anesthesia machines 、 , medical air supply and gas delivery flow rate control; Construct an equivalent circuit model of the anesthetic drug delivery module to simulate the anesthetic gas supply and anesthetic gas delivery flow rate control; Construct a circuit equivalent model of the respiratory circuit module to simulate the patient's ventilation path; Construct a circuit equivalent model of the respiratory support module to simulate respiratory support for patients; Construct an equivalent circuit model of the auxiliary oxygen supply module to simulate rapid oxygen flow and the removal of mixed gases; Construct an ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model to simulate the ventilation path in which the mixed gas is directly supplied to the patient without passing through the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model; Constructing the connection relationship of the anesthesia machine lumped parameter circuit equivalent model includes: The circuit equivalent model of the gas supply module and the circuit equivalent model of the anesthetic drug delivery module are connected in parallel to the gas mixing node ; The gas mixing node Installed on the mixed gas transport pipeline; The mixed gas transport pipeline is connected to the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model; The breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model is connected to the breathing support module circuit equivalent model via a ventilation and exhaust transport pipeline; The auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model and the gas supply module circuit equivalent model are connected in parallel to the mixed gas transport pipeline; The ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model is respectively connected to the mixed gas transport pipeline and the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model.

2. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing a circuit equivalent model of the gas supply module includes: Build The air supply unit comprises the following steps: set up Gas source node , used for simulation Gas source; Set up as described The first constant current source connected in series with the gas source node , used for simulation Flow rate control; exist Gas source node Build Volume parameters and calculation formulas for simulating anesthesia machine Gas supply, The material change process with gradually decreasing content; the calculation formula is: ； in, The calculated current time Gas source capacity; For the previous moment Gas source capacity; For the current moment Constant flow drive flow rate of the source gas; To simulate fineness; Build The air supply unit comprises the following steps: set up Gas source node , used for simulation Gas source; Set up as described The second constant current source connected in series with the gas source , used for simulation Flow rate control; exist Gas source node Build Volume parameters and calculation formulas for simulating anesthesia machine Gas supply, The material change process with gradually decreasing content; the calculation formula is: ； in, The calculated current time Gas source capacity; For the previous moment Gas source capacity; For the current moment Constant flow drive flow rate of the source gas; To simulate fineness; Constructing a medical air supply unit involves the following steps: Setting up the medical air source node , used to simulate medical air source; Set up the medical air source node The third constant current source in series , used to simulate medical air flow rate control; At the medical air source node Medical air capacity parameters and calculation formulas were constructed to simulate the material change process of the anesthesia machine's medical air source supplying air and the gradual decrease in medical air content. The calculation formula is: ； in, The calculated gas volume of the medical air source at the current moment; The gas volume of the medical air source at the last moment; The constant flow rate of the medical air source gas at the current moment; For simulation fineness.

3. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: described Air supply unit, Gas supply unit, medical air supply unit and gas mixing node series; the gas mixing node , used for simulation 、 , mixing of medical air.

4. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed gas transport pipeline is provided with a thirteenth resistor , used to simulate the resistance of the mixed gas transport pipeline to the air flow; the ventilation and exhaust transport pipeline is provided with a fifteenth resistor , used to simulate the resistance of ventilation and exhaust transport pipelines to air flow.

5. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas mixing node With the thirteenth resistor connected in series; the thirteenth resistor A breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model is connected in series; the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model is connected in series with a fifteenth resistor The fifteenth resistor A circuit equivalent model of the respiratory support modules connected in series.

6. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing the circuit equivalent model of the anesthetic drug delivery module includes: Setting up the anesthetic gas source node , used to simulate the anesthetic gas source; Set up the anesthetic gas source node The fourth constant current source in series , used to simulate anesthesia gas flow rate control; At the anesthetic gas source node Construct an anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter and a calculation formula to simulate the process of delivering anesthetic gas according to the set anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter; the calculation formula is: ； in, is the calculated anesthetic gas delivery flow rate; The anesthetic gas concentration fraction value set by the user; for 、 , the total constant flow of medical air drives the air supply flow rate.

7. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing a respiratory circuit module circuit equivalent model includes: Constructing an inspiratory and expiratory circuit unit to simulate the delivery of air to and exhalation from a patient includes the following steps: Constructing an inspiratory tube path and an expiratory tube path; Wherein, the first resistor is set in the air intake pipeline path , used to simulate the resistance of the suction pipe to the air flow; set with the first resistor The first diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional flow of inspiratory airflow; Wherein, the exhalation circuit path is provided with a second resistor , used to simulate the resistance of the expiratory circuit to the airflow; set with the second resistor The second diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional flow of exhalation airflow; Build Absorption tank unit, used to simulate the lime tank of anesthesia machine to absorb the mixed gas , including the following steps: Setting up the lime pot node , used to simulate the lime tank of anesthesia machine; set the lime tank node The fifth constant current source in series , the fifth constant current source To simulate absorption Flow rate control; At the lime pot node The third resistor is set on both sides and the fourth resistor , the third resistor and the fourth resistor Used to simulate the resistance of ventilation pipes on both sides of the lime tank of anesthesia machine to air flow; At the lime pot node Construct calculation formulas to simulate convection through lime tank nodes In the mixed gas The absorption mechanism of ; the calculation formula is: ； in, is the calculated initial inflow into the lime tank node Total material capacity of the mixed gas; Initial inflow into the lime tank node The volume of each substance in the mixed gas and; Initial inflow into the lime tank node In the mixed gas capacity; The calculated removal Post-lime tank node Total material capacity of the mixed gas; is calculated excluding absorption The current source flow rate of the substance; To simulate fineness; Constructing a safety valve unit to simulate the ventilation line circuit pressure safety protection includes the following steps: Setting the first voltage source , used to simulate the gas pressure required for protection in the ventilation pipeline; Set the first voltage source with The third diode in series , the third diode Used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow; Constructing a ventilation connection unit for simulating a gas connection path with a patient includes the following steps: Setting up the ventilation connection node , used to simulate the gas inlet and outlet for ventilation with the patient; Set with the first diode The fifth resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance of the Y-type trachea to the airflow connected to the inhalation pipeline; The fifth resistor is set with The sixth resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance of the Y-shaped trachea connected to the expiratory tube to the airflow; Set up the node connected with the ventilation , the fifth resistor , the sixth resistor Series Y-type pipe branch node , used to simulate the connection position between the Y-type tube and the patient's gas connection path, the inhalation tube path, and the expiratory tube path.

8. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing a circuit equivalent model of the respiratory support module includes: Constructing a machine-controlled / manual switch to simulate the selection of machine-controlled ventilation mode or manual ventilation mode includes the following steps: Setting the eighth resistor , set with the eighth resistor The ninth resistor in parallel , the eighth resistor and the ninth resistor Simulate mutually exclusive machine-controlled ventilation mode or manual ventilation mode selection; Construct a machine-controlled ventilation unit with the eighth resistor Series connection is used to simulate the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine, including the following steps: Constructing a simulated overflow valve involves the following steps: Setting up the second voltage source , used to simulate the gas overflow limit pressure in the ventilation path under machine-controlled ventilation mode; Set the second voltage source with The fourth diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow in the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine; Constructing a simulated bellows involves the following steps: Set the sixth constant current source , used to simulate the gas flow rate control in the ventilation path under the machine-controlled ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine; The sixth constant current source is set with The first capacitor in series , used to simulate the elasticity of the bellows; The sixth constant current source is set with A third voltage source connected in parallel , the third voltage source , used to simulate the gas pressure control in the ventilation path under machine-controlled ventilation mode; Set the first capacitor The tenth resistor in series , the tenth resistor , used to simulate the resistance of air flow in the machine-controlled ventilation circuit; Constructing a manual ventilation unit to simulate the ventilation path of an anesthesia machine in manual ventilation mode includes the following steps: Building a simulated APL (adjustable pressure limiting) valve involves the following steps: Setting the fourth voltage source , used to simulate the gas limit pressure under manual ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine; The fourth voltage source is set The fifth diode in series , used to simulate the direction of unidirectional gas flow in the ventilation path under manual ventilation mode of anesthesia machine; Constructing a simulated airbag involves the following steps: Set the seventh constant current source , used to simulate the gas flow rate control under the manual ventilation mode of the anesthesia machine; The seventh constant current source is set with The second capacitor in series , used to simulate the elasticity of the airbag; Set the second capacitor The eleventh resistor in series , used to simulate the resistance to airflow in manual ventilation circuits.

9. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing the auxiliary oxygen supply module circuit equivalent model includes: Set the eighth constant current source , used to simulate oxygen flow rate control; The eighth constant current source is set with The twelfth resistor in series , the twelfth resistor Used to simulate ventilation control switch.

10. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of constructing the ACGO ventilation module circuit equivalent model include: Set the fourteenth resistor , used for analog switches.

11. A method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: Also includes: Based on the anesthesia machine equipment failure state, an anesthesia machine equipment failure model is constructed to simulate anesthesia machine equipment failure, including: Construct a connection gas circuit leakage fault model to simulate different degrees of leakage at the gas inlet and outlet of patient ventilation; A bellows stall fault model was constructed to simulate the partial or complete failure of the drive control capability of the anesthesia machine's machine-controlled ventilation bellows drive component; Construct an anesthetic vaporizer failure model to simulate the partial or complete failure of the drug volatilization function of the anesthetic gas vaporizer component of the anesthesia machine; Construct a lime tank failure model to simulate the failure of the lime tank component of anesthesia machine. Partial or complete failure of the absorption function; Build Supply depletion failure model for simulating anesthesia machines In the air source assembly Gas alarm status; A nitrous oxide supply depletion fault model was constructed to simulate the nitrous oxide gas exhaustion state in the nitrous oxide source assembly of the anesthesia machine.

12. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: The step of constructing a connection gas path leakage fault model includes: In the breathing circuit module circuit equivalent model, set the seventh resistor , construct the seventh resistor The calculation formula of the resistance value and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is used to simulate the leakage faults of the connecting gas path of different severity levels; the calculation formula is: ; in, The seventh resistance calculated for the connection gas leakage fault Resistance value; To connect the seventh resistor under gas leakage fault Minimum resistance value; To connect the seventh resistor under gas leakage fault Maximum resistance value; To adjust the parameters for different severity levels of gas leakage faults in the connection gas path, the parameter is a real number in the range of [0,1].

13. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: The step of constructing the bellows shutdown fault model includes: In the circuit equivalent model of the respiratory support module, a calculation formula for the gas control pressure value or gas control flow rate value and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is constructed to simulate the bellows shutdown failure of different severity levels; the calculation formula is: ； in, is the calculated gas control pressure value or gas control flow rate value under the condition of bellows shutdown failure; The control pressure value or control flow rate value of the anesthesia machine controlled ventilation set by the user; Adjust the parameters for different severity levels of the wind box stall fault, and the parameters are real numbers in the range of [0,1].

14. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: The step of constructing the anesthetic vaporizer failure model includes: In the circuit equivalent model of the anesthetic drug delivery module, a calculation formula for the anesthetic gas concentration fraction parameter and the different severity adjustment parameters is constructed to simulate anesthetic vaporizer failures of different severities; the calculation formula is: ; in, is the calculated fractional value of anesthetic gas concentration under the anesthetic vaporizer failure condition; The anesthetic gas concentration fraction value set by the user; Adjust the parameter for different severity levels of anesthetic vaporizer failure. The parameter is a real number in the range [0,1].

15. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: The step of constructing the lime tank failure model includes: In the circuit equivalent model of the breathing circuit module, the mixed gas The calculation formula of the absorption capacity parameter and the adjustment parameters of different severity levels is used to simulate the failure of lime pots with different severity levels; the calculation formula is: ; in, is the calculated lime tank failure Absorbed by the absorption tank capacity; The mixed gas initially flowing into the lime tank capacity; The parameter is a real number in the range of [0,1] for adjusting the severity of lime tank failure.

16. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: The construction The steps of the supply depletion fault model include: in the gas supply module circuit equivalent model, The capacity parameter value is set to 0, simulating Supply depletion failure.

17. The method for constructing a digital twin model of an anesthesia machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: The step of constructing the nitrous oxide supply depletion fault model comprises: in the gas supply module circuit equivalent model, The capacity parameter value is set to 0 to simulate a nitrous oxide supply depletion fault.

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