Preparation method and application of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of ginseng soluble nano dietary fibers. According to the preparation method of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, ginseng residues are adopted as a raw material, according to the characteristics of ginseng, a specific enzyme combination is adopted, ultrasonic treatment is matched, the extracted ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber has a specific structure, and the roughness range is 0.5-20 m; according to the present invention, the product has the average particle size length range of 80-90 nm and the average Zeta potential range of-25.00-10.00 mV, has the polysaccharide structure characteristics, is beneficial to human body absorption, further has good antioxidant and anti-aging activity, and can effectively improve the intestinal microenvironment of intestinal subjects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction, and specifically relates to a preparation method and application of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber. Background Art

[0002] Aging is broadly defined as an irreversible and inevitable biological process characterized by degenerative changes in the body's health and ability to maintain its own internal balance, manifested as a loss of the body's ability to adapt to the environment. Aging directly affects the lifespan of the body and leads to various aging-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and immune system diseases. Currently, many natural extracts are being studied for delaying the aging process. For example, royal jelly increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expression of longevity factor genes, and improves dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in mice caused by aging. In addition, some Chinese herbal medicines such as Polygonatum sibiricum and Eucommia ulmoides have also been widely studied, and the active ingredients in them are believed to be beneficial in delaying aging.

[0003] Ginseng is a precious plant and traditional Chinese medicine unique to China. The residue left after the various active ingredients in ginseng are extracted is not only free of side effects, but also contains a large amount of dietary fiber, polysaccharides and other nutrients. Dietary fiber is known as the seventh nutrient for the human body. It is a carbohydrate that is not digested by the human digestive enzymes. Dietary fiber cannot be digested and absorbed by the human body, but it can enhance the body's metabolism and has biological functions such as lowering blood sugar and improving the intestinal environment. It also has a clear effect in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, the main methods for extracting dietary fiber include hot water extraction, chemical extraction, and enzymatic hydrolysis. Among them, hot extraction has a low extraction efficiency, and chemical extraction uses a large number of chemical reagents, which poses environmental problems.

[0004] In summary, the utilization rate of ginseng residue in traditional technology is low, which is not conducive to human absorption. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a preparation method of ginseng soluble dietary fiber that is conducive to human absorption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method and application of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, comprising:

[0007] α-amylase, neutral protease and amyloglucosidase are used to enzymatically hydrolyze the ginseng extraction residue to prepare an enzymatic hydrolyzate;

[0008] collecting the supernatant of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution, subjecting the supernatant of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution to alcohol precipitation, and collecting the precipitate;

[0009] The precipitate is subjected to ultrasonic treatment to prepare ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ginseng residue further comprises a pretreatment step before enzymatic hydrolysis;

[0011] In some embodiments, the pretreatment includes drying, crushing and passing the ginseng residue through a 55-65 mesh sieve to prepare ginseng residue powder.

[0012] In some embodiments, the pretreatment includes degreasing the ginseng residue.

[0013] In some embodiments, the degreasing treatment comprises Soxhlet treatment with petroleum ether for 1 h to 3 h.

[0014] In some embodiments, the pretreatment comprises mixing the ginseng residue with a buffer.

[0015] In some embodiments, the buffer comprises disodium hydrogen phosphate-potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the mass volume ratio of the ginseng residue to the buffer solution is 1 g: (24-26) mL.

[0017] In some embodiments, α-amylase, neutral protease and amyloglucosidase are used to enzymatically hydrolyze the ginseng extraction residue in sequence.

[0018] In some embodiments, the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis by the α-amylase include that the α-amylase is a thermostable α-amylase.

[0019] In some embodiments, the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis by the α-amylase include a concentration of the α-amylase in the enzymatic hydrolysis system of 0.1 w / v%-0.2 w / v%.

[0020] In some embodiments, the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis by the α-amylase include: temperature of 94° C.-96° C., pH of 5.8-6.5, and time of 28 min-32 min.

[0021] In some embodiments, the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis with the neutral protease include: the neutral protease in the enzymatic hydrolysis system has a concentration of 1 w / v%-2 w / v%.

[0022] In some embodiments, the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis with the neutral protease include: temperature of 38° C.-42° C., pH of 7.4-7.6, and time of 55 min-65 min.

[0023] In some embodiments, the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis by the amyloglucosidase include a concentration of the amyloglucosidase in the enzymatic hydrolysis system of 1 w / v%-2 w / v%.

[0024] In some embodiments, the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis by the amyloglucosidase include a temperature of 58° C.-62° C., a pH of 4.4-4.6, and a time of 55 min-65 min.

[0025] In some embodiments, the alcohol precipitation treatment comprises adding 94 v / v%-96 v / v% ethanol for treatment.

[0026] In some embodiments, the parameters of the ultrasonic treatment include: a frequency of 22 kHz-26 kHz, and a time of 1 hour-3 hours.

[0027] On the other hand, the present application provides the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared by the preparation method of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0028] On the other hand, the present application provides the use of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber in the preparation of medicines or health products for improving aging.

[0029] In some embodiments, the subject of the medicine or health product is a primate.

[0030] In some embodiments, the subject of the drug is a human.

[0031] In some embodiments, the drug further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

[0032] On the other hand, the present application provides the use of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber in the preparation of a medicine or health product for increasing the richness of Verrucomicrobia and / or Proteobacteria in the intestine.

[0033] On the other hand, the present application provides a health product or medicine for improving intestinal flora, wherein the health product or medicine comprises the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0034] On the other hand, the present application provides a health product or medicine for improving aging, wherein the health product or medicine comprises the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0035] The present application provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, which uses ginseng residue as raw material, performs enzymatic hydrolysis with a specific enzyme combination according to the characteristics of ginseng, and then combines with ultrasonic treatment. The ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared by this method has a specific structure, a roughness range of 0.5µm-20µm; an average particle size length range of 80nm-90nm, an average Zeta potential range of -25.00mV~-10.00mV, and exhibits the structural characteristics of polysaccharides, is conducive to human absorption, has good antioxidant and anti-aging activities, and can also effectively improve the intestinal microenvironment of the subject. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application and to more fully understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is the particle size distribution diagram of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 Zeta potential diagram of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 The effect of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application on the motor ability of aging mice;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the effect of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application on the total distance traveled by aging mice in an open field;

[0043] Figure 7 The effect of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application on the expression level of SOD in the brain tissue of aging mice;

[0044] Figure 8 The effect of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application on the expression level of GSH in the brain tissue of aging mice;

[0045] Figure 9 The effect of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application on the expression level of MDA in the brain tissue of aging mice;

[0046] Figure 10 The classification and relative abundance of the intestinal flora of aging mice at the genus level by the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0047] Figure 11 The ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application reversed the abnormal F / B ratio in aging mice;

[0048] Figure 12 The classification and relative abundance of the intestinal flora of aging mice at the family level by the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0049] Figure 13 This is a graph showing the significant differences in the intestinal flora of aging mice at the phylum level caused by the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber provided in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Below in conjunction with embodiment and example, the application is described in further detail.Should be understood that these embodiment and example are only used to illustrate the application and are not used to limit the scope of the application, and the purpose of providing these embodiment and example is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the application more thorough and comprehensive.It should also be understood that the application can be implemented in many different forms, is not limited to the embodiment and example described herein, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without violating the connotation of the application, and the equivalent form obtained also falls within the protection scope of the application.In addition, in the description hereinafter, a large amount of specific details are given in order to provide a more complete understanding of the application, and it should be understood that the application can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0052] the term

[0053] Unless otherwise specified or incompatible herewith, the terms and phrases used herein shall have the following meanings:

[0054] The terms "and / or", "or / and", and "and / or" used herein include any one of two or more related listed items, and also include any and all combinations of the related listed items, wherein the arbitrary and all combinations include any combination of two related listed items, any more related listed items, or all related listed items. It should be noted that when at least three items are connected by at least two conjunctions selected from "and / or", "or / and", and "and / or", it should be understood that in this application, the technical solution undoubtedly includes technical solutions connected by "logical and" and also undoubtedly includes technical solutions connected by "logical or". For example, "A and / or B" includes three parallel solutions of A, B and A+B. For example, the technical solution of "A, and / or, B, and / or, C, and / or, D" includes any one of A, B, C, and D (that is, the technical solution of all being connected by "logical OR"), and also includes any and all combinations of A, B, C, and D, that is, the combination of any two or any three of A, B, C, and D, and also includes the four-item combination of A, B, C, and D (that is, the technical solution of all being connected by "logical AND").

[0055] In this application, "plurality", "multiple", "multiple times", "multiples", etc., unless otherwise specified, refer to a quantity greater than or equal to 2. For example, "one or more" means one or more than or equal to two.

[0056] As used herein, "combination thereof", "any combination thereof", "any combination thereof" and the like include all suitable combinations of any two or more of the listed items.

[0057] Herein, the “suitable” mentioned in “suitable combination”, “suitable method”, “any suitable method”, etc. shall be based on the ability to implement the technical solution of this application, solve the technical problems of this application, and achieve the expected technical effects of this application.

[0058] In this application, "further", "further", "particularly" and the like are used for descriptive purposes to indicate differences in content, but should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] In this application, the terms "optionally," "optional," and "optional" mean optional or dispensable, i.e., they refer to either option being selected from two parallel options: "with" or "without." If a technical solution contains multiple "optional" clauses, each "optional" clause is independent unless otherwise specified and there are no contradictions or constraints.

[0060] In this application, the technical features described in an open manner include closed technical solutions composed of the listed features, and also include open technical solutions containing the listed features.

[0061] In this application, when referring to a numerical interval (i.e., a numerical range), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of the optional values ​​within the numerical interval is considered continuous and includes the two numerical endpoints of the numerical range (i.e., the minimum and maximum values), as well as every numerical value between these two numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when a numerical interval refers only to integers within the numerical interval, it includes the two numerical endpoints of the numerical range, as well as every integer between the two numerical endpoints. In this document, this is equivalent to directly listing each integer. For example, "t is an integer selected from 1 to 10" means that t is any integer selected from the group consisting of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, these ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges subsumed therein.

[0062] Unless otherwise specified, the temperature parameters in this application allow for both constant temperature treatment and temperature fluctuations within a certain temperature range. It should be understood that the constant temperature treatment allows for temperature fluctuations within the accuracy range of instrument control. Fluctuations within ranges such as ±5°C, ±4°C, ±3°C, ±2°C, and ±1°C are permitted.

[0063] In this application, % (w / w) and wt% both refer to weight percentage, % (v / v) refers to volume percentage, and % (w / v) refers to mass volume percentage.

[0064] All documents mentioned in this application are cited as references in this application, just as each document is cited as a reference individually. Unless they conflict with the invention purpose and / or technical solution of this application, the cited documents involved in this application are cited in their entirety and for all purposes. When cited documents are involved in this application, the definitions of relevant technical features, terms, nouns, phrases, etc. in the cited documents are also cited. When cited documents are involved in this application, the examples and preferred embodiments of the cited relevant technical features may also be incorporated into this application as references, but are limited to the ability to implement this application. It should be understood that when the cited content conflicts with the description in this application, the present application shall prevail or be adaptively amended according to the description in this application.

[0065] The term "D-galactose" is D-Galactose, abbreviated as D-gal in the drawings of this application.

[0066] The enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasound-assisted extraction of dietary fiber not only improves the extraction efficiency and quality, but also enhances its functional properties while reducing the use of chemical reagents. It is an efficient and environmentally friendly extraction method.

[0067] On the one hand, the present application provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, comprising:

[0068] α-amylase, neutral protease and amyloglucosidase are used to enzymatically hydrolyze the ginseng extraction residue to prepare an enzymatic hydrolyzate;

[0069] The supernatant of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution is collected, the supernatant of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution is subjected to alcohol precipitation treatment, and the precipitate is collected; and the precipitate is subjected to ultrasonic treatment to prepare ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0070] The ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared in the present application has an irregular fragmented structure with a roughness range of 0.5 μm-20 μm, an average particle size range of 80 nm-90 nm, an average Zeta potential of -25.00 mV~-10.00 mV, contains lignin, and exhibits the structural characteristics of polysaccharides.

[0071] Examples include roughnesses of 0.5 µm, 1.5 µm, 2.5 µm, 3.5 µm, 4.5 µm, 5.5 µm, 6.5 µm, 7.5 µm, 8.5 µm, 9.5 µm, 10.5 µm, 11.5 µm, 12.5 µm, 13.5 µm, 14.5 µm, 15.5 µm, 16.5 µm, 17.5 µm, 18.5 µm, 19.5 µm or 20 µm, as well as any values ​​in between.

[0072] For example, the average particle length is 80 nm, 81 nm, 82 nm, 83 nm, 84 nm, 85 nm, 86 nm, 87 nm, 88 nm, 89 nm or 90 nm and any value therebetween.

[0073] For example, the average zeta potential is -10 mV, -11 mV, -12 mV, -13 mV, -14 mV, -15 mV, -16 mV, -17 mV, -18 mV, -19 mV, -20 mV, -21 mV, -22 mV, -23 mV, -24 mV, or -25 mV, as well as any value in between.

[0074] In some embodiments, the ginseng residue further includes a pretreatment step before enzymatic hydrolysis;

[0075] In some embodiments, the pretreatment includes drying, crushing, and sieving the ginseng residue to produce ginseng residue powder.

[0076] In some embodiments, the pretreatment includes defatting the ginseng residue.

[0077] In some embodiments, petroleum ether Soxhlet degreasing is performed for 1-3 hours, for example, the degreasing time is 1 hour, 2 hours or 3 hours.

[0078] In some embodiments, the pretreatment comprises mixing the ginseng residue with a buffer.

[0079] In some embodiments, the buffer comprises a sodium dihydrogen phosphate-potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer.

[0080] In some embodiments, the mass-to-volume ratio of ginseng residue to buffer is 1 g:(24-26) mL, and magnetic stirring is used to form a uniform suspension. For example, the mass-to-volume ratio of ginseng residue to buffer is 1 g:24 mL, 1 g:25 mL, or 1 g:26 mL, and any value therebetween.

[0081] In some embodiments, the α-amylase is a thermostable α-amylase, wherein a thermostable α-amylase is an enzyme that can maintain high activity and stability under high temperature conditions.

[0082] In some embodiments, the concentration of α-amylase is 0.1 w / v%-0.2 w / v%. For example, the concentration of α-amylase is 0.10 w / v%, 0.11 w / v%, 0.12 w / v%, 0.13 w / v%, 0.14 w / v%, 0.15 w / v%, 0.16 w / v%, 0.17 w / v%, 0.18 w / v%, 0.19 w / v% or 0.20 w / v% and any values ​​therebetween.

[0083] In some embodiments, the reaction conditions of α-amylase include 94° C.-96° C., pH 5.8-6.5, and incubation for 28 min-32 min. For example, the temperature is 94° C., 95° C., or 96° C., the pH is 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, or 6.5, and the incubation time is 28 min, 29 min, 30 min, 31 min, or 32 min, and any values ​​therebetween.

[0084] In some embodiments, the concentration of the neutral protease is 1 w / v%-2 w / v%. For example, the concentration of the neutral protease is 1.0 w / v%, 1.1 w / v%, 1.2 w / v%, 1.3 w / v%, 1.4 w / v%, 1.5 w / v%, 1.6 w / v%, 1.7 w / v%, 1.8 w / v%, 1.9 w / v% or 2.0 w / v% and any values ​​therebetween.

[0085] In some embodiments, the reaction conditions for the neutral protease include a temperature of 38°C-42°C, a pH of 7.4-7.6, and a time of 55 min-65 min. For example, the temperature is 38°C, 39°C, 40°C, 41°C, or 42°C, and any values ​​therebetween. For example, the buffer pH is 7.4, 7.5, or 7.6, and any values ​​therebetween. The time is 55 min, 56 min, 57 min, 58 min, 59 min, 60 min, 61 min, 62 min, 63 min, 64 min, or 65 min, and any values ​​therebetween.

[0086] In some embodiments, the concentration of amyloglucosidase is 1 w / v%-2 w / v%. For example, the concentration of amyloglucosidase is 1.0 w / v%, 1.1 w / v%, 1.2 w / v%, 1.3 w / v%, 1.4 w / v%, 1.5 w / v%, 1.6 w / v%, 1.7 w / v%, 1.8 w / v%, 1.9 w / v% or 2.0 w / v% and any values ​​therebetween.

[0087] In some embodiments, the reaction conditions of the amyloglucosidase include a temperature of 58° C. to 62° C., a pH of 4.4 to 4.6, and a time of 55 min to 65 min. For example, the temperature is 58° C., 59° C., 60° C., 61° C., or 62° C., and any values ​​therebetween. The pH is 4.4, 4.5, or 4.6, and any values ​​therebetween. The time is 55 min, 56 min, 57 min, 58 min, 59 min, 60 min, 61 min, 62 min, 63 min, 64 min, or 65 min, and any values ​​therebetween.

[0088] In some embodiments, the alcohol precipitation treatment includes: using 94 v / v%-96 v / v% ethanol for treatment, for example, the ethanol concentration is 94 v / v%, 95 v / v% or 96 v / v% and any value therebetween.

[0089] In some embodiments, the parameters of the ultrasonic treatment include: a frequency of 22 kHz to 26 kHz, an actual displacement of the amplitude of 1 μm to 10 μm, and a duration of 1 hour to 3 hours. For example, the frequency is 22 kHz, 23 kHz, 24 kHz, 25 kHz, or 26 kHz, and any values ​​therebetween; for example, the actual displacement of the amplitude is 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, or 10 μm, and any values ​​therebetween; and for example, the duration is 1 hour, 2 hours, or 3 hours.

[0090] On the other hand, the present application provides ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0091] On the other hand, the present application provides the above-mentioned use in the preparation of medicines or health products for improving aging.

[0092] The application of the above-mentioned ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber in the preparation of medicines or health products for increasing the abundance of Verrucomicrobia and / or Proteobacteria in the intestine.

[0093] On the other hand, the present application provides a health product or medicine for improving intestinal flora, which includes the above-mentioned ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0094] For example, the health product includes: ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber 30w / v%-60w / v%, citric acid 0.5w / v%-2w / v%, xylitol 10w / v%-30w / v%, and magnesium stearate 1w / v%-5w / v%.

[0095] On the other hand, the present application provides a health product or medicine for improving aging, which includes the above-mentioned ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

[0096] In some embodiments, the drug further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

[0097] In some embodiments, the dosage form of the drug includes one or more of tablets, capsules, granules, oral solutions and injections.

[0098] In this application, a "pharmaceutically acceptable excipient" refers to a pharmaceutically acceptable material, composition, or vehicle, such as a liquid or solid filler, diluent, excipient, solvent, or encapsulating material. As used herein, the phrase "pharmaceutically acceptable excipient" includes buffers, sterile water for injection, solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like, that are compatible with drug administration. Each carrier must be "pharmaceutically acceptable" in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients in the formulation and not harmful to the patient. Suitable examples include, but are not limited to: (1) sugars such as lactose, glucose, and sucrose; (2) starches such as corn starch, potato starch, and substituted or unsubstituted β-cyclodextrins; (3) cellulose and its derivatives such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, and cellulose acetate; (4) powdered tragacanth; (5) malt; (6) gelatin; (7) talc; (8) excipients such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes; (9) oils such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, cornstarch, and tartar. Rice oil and soybean oil; (10) glycols, such as propylene glycol; (11) polyols, such as glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, and polyethylene glycol; (12) esters, such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laurate; (13) agar; (14) buffers, such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; (15) alginic acid; (16) pyrogen-free water; (17) isotonic saline; (18) Ringer's solution; (19) ethanol; (20) phosphate buffer; and (21) other nontoxic compatible substances used in pharmaceutical formulations.

[0099] In the present application, "excipients" include but are not limited to mannitol, sorbitol, sodium metabisulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, cysteine ​​hydrochloride, thioglycolic acid, methionine, vitamin C, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (disodium EDTA), calcium sodium EDTA, carbonates, acetates, phosphates of monovalent alkali metals or their aqueous solutions, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, amino acids, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium lactate, xylitol, maltose, glucose, fructose, oligofructose, dextran, glycine, starch, sucrose, dextrin (such as maltodextrin), lactose, mannitol, silicon derivatives, cellulose and its derivatives, alginate, gelatin, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, glycerol, Tween 80, agar, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, surfactants, polyethylene glycol, cyclodextrin, phospholipid materials, kaolin, talc, calcium stearate, and magnesium stearate.

[0100] One or more embodiments of the present application also provide a method for treating aging-related diseases, comprising administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared by the preparation method of the present application.

[0101] In some embodiments, the administration of the drug includes, but is not limited to, oral, rectal, parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous) injection, topical administration, and inhalation.

[0102] In some embodiments, the drug can be administered orally, by enema, or parenterally.

[0103] In some embodiments, the drug administration cycle can be intermittent administration, periodic administration, continuous administration or long-term administration.

[0104] Solid dosage forms for oral administration may include capsules, tablets, pills, powders, and granules. In these solid dosage forms, the active ingredient is mixed with at least one conventional inert excipient (or carrier), such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, or with the following ingredients: (a) fillers or extenders, for example, starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and silicic acid; (b) binders, for example, hydroxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sucrose, and acacia; (c) humectants, for example, glycerol; (d) disintegrants, for example, agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain complex silicates, and sodium carbonate; (e) solubilizers, for example, paraffin; (f) absorption accelerators, for example, quaternary ammonium compounds; (g) wetting agents, for example, cetyl alcohol and glyceryl monostearate; (h) adsorbents, for example, kaolin; and (i) lubricants, for example, talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, solid polyethylene glycols, sodium lauryl sulfate, or mixtures thereof. In the case of capsules, tablets and pills, the dosage forms may also comprise buffering agents.

[0105] Solid dosage forms such as tablets, drupes, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared using coatings and shell materials, such as enteric coatings and other materials known in the art. They may contain opacifying agents, and the release of the active ingredient in such compositions can be delayed in a certain portion of the digestive tract. Examples of embedding components that can be used are polymeric substances and waxes. If desired, the active ingredient can also be microencapsulated with one or more of the above-mentioned excipients.

[0106] Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, or tinctures. In addition to the active ingredient, the liquid dosage form may contain inert diluents commonly used in the art, such as water or other solvents, solubilizers, and emulsifiers, specifically ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, dimethylformamide, and oils, particularly cottonseed oil, peanut oil, corn germ oil, olive oil, castor oil, and sesame oil, or mixtures thereof. In addition to these inert diluents, the composition may also contain adjuvants, such as wetting agents, emulsifiers and suspending agents, sweeteners, flavoring agents, and fragrances. For example, a suspension may contain a suspending agent, specifically ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum methoxide, and agar, or mixtures thereof.

[0107] Compositions for parenteral injection may comprise physiologically acceptable sterile aqueous or nonaqueous solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions, and sterile powders for reconstitution into sterile injectable solutions or dispersions. Suitable aqueous or nonaqueous carriers, diluents, solvents or excipients include water, ethanol, polyols and suitable mixtures thereof.

[0108] Dosage forms for topical administration include ointments, powders, patches, sprays and inhalants, which are prepared by mixing the active ingredient with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and any preservatives, buffers, or propellants that may be required under sterile conditions.

[0109] It is understood that the drugs of the embodiments of the present application can be added with different pharmaceutically acceptable carriers to prepare suitable clinical dosage forms, which include but are not limited to the dosage forms described above.

[0110] In this application, a "subject" is an animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a human. Subjects include, but are not limited to, consumers of health products and patients with diseases, conditions, and / or symptoms. The subject in this invention is preferably a mammal. The term "mammal" primarily refers to warm-blooded vertebrate mammals, including, but not limited to, cats, dogs, rabbits, bears, foxes, wolves, monkeys, deer, mice (e.g., rats and mice), pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, and humans, preferably primates, and more preferably humans.

[0111] In some embodiments, the drug is suitable for use in humans or other mammals. In the present invention, "other mammals" are not humans. Non-limiting examples of "other mammals" include cats, dogs, rabbits, bears, foxes, wolves, monkeys, deer, mice (e.g., rats, mice), pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, and further examples include mice or rats. Non-limiting examples of "other mammals" include primates.

[0112] In some of these embodiments, the subject of the drug is a primate;

[0113] In some embodiments, the subject of the drug is a human.

[0114] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended to illustrate the present application only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental methods for which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are preferably referred to the guidance provided in the present application, and can also be based on the experimental manuals or conventional conditions in this area, or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer, or with reference to experimental methods known in the art.

[0115] In the following specific examples, the measured parameters of raw material components may have slight deviations within the range of weighing accuracy unless otherwise specified. For temperature and time parameters, acceptable deviations caused by instrument testing accuracy or operational accuracy are allowed.

[0116] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0117] Example 1

[0118] This embodiment provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, comprising:

[0119] Take 50g of ginseng residue, dry it, crush it, and sieve it to produce ginseng residue powder. Degrease the residue by Soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether for 120 minutes. Mix the resulting ginseng residue powder with a 1:25 ratio of 1 / 15 mol / L disodium hydrogen phosphate-potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (the pH range of a 1 / 15 mol / L buffer is 4.92-8.18). Use magnetic stirring to form a homogeneous suspension. Add heat-stable α-amylase (Product No. 9000-85-5) (0.15 w / v%), adjust the pH to 6.0, and incubate at 95°C for 30 min. After cooling, add neutral protease (Product No. 9068-59-1) (1.5 w / v%), adjust the pH to 7.5, incubate at 40°C for 60 min, and inactivate the enzyme at 95°C for 12 min. After cooling, add amyloglucosidase (Product No. 9032-08-0) (1.5 w / v%), adjust the pH to 4.5 again, incubate at 60°C for 60 min, and inactivate the enzyme at 95°C for 12 min.

[0120] After centrifugation at 8000g for 20 minutes at room temperature, the supernatant was mixed with four volumes of 95% ethanol and allowed to precipitate overnight. The mixture was centrifuged at 8000g for 20 minutes, and the precipitate was collected, air-dried in a desiccator, and reconstituted with 200 mL of distilled water. The reconstituted precipitate was ultrasonicated for 2 hours at a frequency of 24 kHz and an amplitude of 1 μm. Freeze-dried for 54 hours, 13.74 g of ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber was obtained, with an extraction yield of 27.48%.

[0121] The ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared by the above method has an irregular fragmented structure, an average particle size of 84 nm, an average Zeta potential of -10.27 mV, contains lignin, and exhibits the structural characteristics of polysaccharides.

[0122] Example 2

[0123] This embodiment provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, comprising:

[0124] 50 g of ginseng residue was dried, crushed, and sieved to produce ginseng residue powder. Degreasing was performed by Soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether for 150 min. The resulting ginseng residue powder was mixed with a 15 mol / L sodium dihydrogen phosphate-potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (1:20) and magnetically stirred to form a homogeneous suspension. Heat-stable α-amylase (0.1 w / v %) was added, the pH was adjusted to 6.1, and the suspension was incubated at 95°C for 30 min. After cooling, neutral protease (1 w / v %) was added, the pH was adjusted to 7, and the suspension was incubated at 40°C for 60 min, followed by enzyme inactivation at 95°C for 10 min. After cooling, amyloglucosidase (1 w / v %) was added, the pH was again adjusted to 4.5, and the suspension was incubated at 60°C for 60 min, followed by enzyme inactivation at 95°C for 10 min.

[0125] Centrifuge at room temperature for 30 minutes (8000g). Mix the supernatant with four volumes of 95% ethanol and allow to precipitate overnight. Centrifuge the mixture at 8000g for 30 minutes, collect the precipitate, air-dry it in a desiccator, and reconstitute it with 250 mL of distilled water. Ultrasonicate the reconstituted precipitate for 2.5 hours at a frequency of 24 kHz and an amplitude of 1 μm, then freeze-dry for 60 hours to obtain ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber.

[0126] The ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared by the above method has an irregular fragmented structure, an average particle size of 80 nm, an average Zeta potential of -10.00 mV, contains lignin, and exhibits the structural characteristics of a polysaccharide.

[0127] Example 3

[0128] This embodiment provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, comprising:

[0129] 20 g of ginseng residue was dried, crushed, and sieved to produce ginseng residue powder. Degreasing was performed by Soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether for 130 min. The resulting ginseng residue powder was mixed with a 15 mol / L sodium dihydrogen phosphate-potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (1:20) and magnetically stirred to form a homogeneous suspension. Heat-stable α-amylase (0.2 w / v %) was added, the pH was adjusted to 6, and the suspension was incubated at 95°C for 30 min. After cooling, neutral protease (2 w / v %) was added, the pH was adjusted to 7.5, and the mixture was incubated at 40°C for 60 min, followed by enzyme inactivation at 95°C for 15 min. After cooling, amyloglucosidase (1.5 w / v %) was added, the pH was again adjusted to 4.5, and the mixture was incubated at 60°C for 60 min, followed by enzyme inactivation at 95°C for 15 min.

[0130] After centrifugation at room temperature for 15 minutes (8000g), the supernatant was mixed with four volumes of 95% ethanol and allowed to precipitate overnight. The mixture was centrifuged at 8000g for 20 minutes, and the precipitate was collected, air-dried in a desiccator, and reconstituted with 80 mL of distilled water. The reconstituted precipitate was ultrasonicated for 2 hours at a frequency of 24 kHz and an amplitude of 10 μm. The resulting product was then freeze-dried for 50 hours to yield 5.71 g of ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber, with an extraction yield of 28.55%.

[0131] The ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared by the above method has an irregular fragmented structure, an average particle size of 90 nm, an average Zeta potential of -25.00 mV, contains lignin, and exhibits the structural characteristics of a polysaccharide.

[0132] Comparative Example 1

[0133] This comparative example provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, and the steps are substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that α-amylase is not added during the enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0134] Comparative Example 2

[0135] This comparative example provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, and the steps are substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that no neutral protease is added during the enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0136] Comparative Example 3

[0137] This comparative example provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, and the steps are substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that amyloglucosidase is not added during the enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0138] Comparative Example 4

[0139] This comparative example provides a method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, and the steps are substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that the precipitate is not subjected to ultrasonic treatment after the enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0140] The results are shown in Table 1:

[0141] Table 1

[0142]

[0143] Test example

[0144] 1. Structural inspection

[0145] The structure of the ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber prepared in Example 1 was characterized by detecting the morphology using a scanning electron microscope, the particle size and potential using a nano-Coulter size analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

[0146] The specific method of scanning electron microscopy morphology detection is as follows: fix the ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber sample on the sample stage with conductive glue, ensure sufficient contact to ensure conductivity, and use a spray bottle to blow gently to make the sample stable. Then, place the sample in the gold spraying equipment for gold spraying treatment, and control the gold spraying thickness to be 10 nanometers to 20 nanometers to enhance the conductivity of the sample and avoid charge accumulation. After the gold spraying is completed, the sample is placed in the sample chamber and sealed. The imaging parameters, including magnification, electron beam voltage, etc., are set through the control software, and the focal length and working distance are adjusted to capture the number of images. The results are shown in Figure 1 .

[0147] The specific method for measuring particle size and potential using the Nano Coulter particle size analyzer is as follows: dilute the ginseng nano soluble dietary fiber sample with PBS at a ratio of 2 mg / mL to reach the optimal detection range. Inject the test liquid into the detection chamber and calculate the particle size distribution and Zeta potential value of the ginseng nano soluble dietary fiber according to the Coulter principle. The results are shown in Figure 2-Figure 3 .

[0148] The specific method of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is as follows: 1.5 mg of dry ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber sample is placed in an agate mortar, and about 100 mg of dry potassium bromide powder is added and thoroughly ground until the two are evenly mixed and the particles reach the micron level; then the ground mixture is transferred to a tablet press mold and maintained at a pressure of 10 MPa-15 MPa for 1 minute to 2 minutes to form a transparent and uniform thin slice; finally, the pressed thin slice is placed on the sample stage of the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and scanned at 400 cm -1 - 4000 cm -1 Wavenumber range, record spectral data, the results are shown in Figure 4 .

[0149] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber has an irregular fragmented structure.

[0150] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the average particle size of ginseng nano soluble dietary fiber is 84 nm.

[0151] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the average Zeta potential of ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber is -10.27mV.

[0152] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber is at about 3410 cm -1 There is a large and smooth absorption peak at 1420 cm -1 and 1640 cm -1The two absorption peaks are dominant, indicating a high content of hemicellulose. Hemicellulose is an important dietary fiber component with good antioxidant and anti-aging activities. High content of hemicellulose may help scavenge free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, and have potential in delaying aging. -1 The relatively strong peak intensity indicates that ginseng soluble nanofiber is rich in lignin. Similarly, lignin has antioxidant properties, which contribute to anti-aging. The infrared image clearly shows that ginseng soluble nanofiber exhibits the structural characteristics of polysaccharides, which have excellent biological activities, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-aging effects. This structural analysis of ginseng soluble nanofiber suggests that this dietary fiber has potential anti-aging effects.

[0153] 2. Performance Testing

[0154] D-galactose-induced brain aging is a recognized experimental model both domestically and internationally, leading to diseases or organ damage that mimic symptoms of natural human aging. The primary mechanism is that galactose oxidase converts D-galactose into aldose and hydrogen peroxide, simultaneously generating superoxide anion free radicals. These excess oxygen free radicals damage biomolecules, affecting gene expression and regulatory systems, and leading to cellular aging.

[0155] The effective doses of ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber to exert its aging effect on D-galactose aging model mice are 10 mg / kg and 60 mg / kg, the ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber low-dose group is 10 mg / kg, and the ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber high-dose group is 60 mg / kg.

[0156] Data were analyzed and graphed using GraphPad Prism 6 software. Pairwise comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA with the least significant difference (LSD) method (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001).

[0157] 1. Effects on the exercise capacity of aging mice

[0158] The ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber prepared in Example 1 was used to test the exercise capacity of D-galactose aging model mice. The specific testing method was as follows: Animal grouping, aging model construction and administration method: 50 C57BL / 6J male mice were randomly divided into five groups, with 10 mice in each group: a control group (Control), a model group (D-galactose group), a low-dose ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber group (GNSDF-L), a high-dose ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber group (GNSDF-H), and a positive control group (DNP). In the control group, mice were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline daily. At the same time as the intraperitoneal injection, they were gavaged with the same volume of normal saline as the intraperitoneal injection daily.

[0159] In the D-galactose group, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of 800 mg / kg of D-galactose and daily gavages of normal saline. In the GNSDF-L group, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of 800 mg / kg of D-galactose and daily gavages of 10 mg / kg of GNSDF solution. In the GNSDF-H group, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of 800 mg / kg of D-galactose and daily gavages of 60 mg / kg of GNSDF solution. In the DNP group, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of 800 mg / kg of D-galactose and daily gavages of 2 mg / kg of donepezil solution. All mice received 0.1 mL of the drug once daily for 10 weeks.

[0160] The free exploration experiment of mice in the open field was observed. During the experiment, an open field device with a size of 50cm×50cm×50cm was selected, and the mice were subjected to a free exploration behavioral experiment one week before the end of the drug administration. To ensure the standardization of the experimental environment, the air conditioner was turned on to 25°C 2 hours before the experiment, and the bottom of the open field was cleaned with 75% alcohol to eliminate odor interference. The experimental mice were placed in the central area of ​​the open field and allowed to move freely for 10 minutes. During this period, the Fluorite video software was used to track their movement trajectory, and behavioral parameters such as total distance and average speed were recorded and calculated. After each experiment, the open field used was wiped clean with alcohol to maintain the hygiene of the environment. The experiment was conducted quietly throughout to reduce external interference and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results. See the results. Figure 5-Figure 6 .

[0161] Depend on Figure 5-Figure 6 Compared with the control group, the D-galactose group showed a significantly reduced range of motion in the open field and tended to move in corners, which may indicate that D-galactose-induced aging leads to behavioral retardation in mice. However, after GNSDF intervention, the mice's behavioral trajectory in the open field changed significantly, with their range of motion expanding and more activity in the center of the open field, especially in the GNSDF-H group.

[0162] Further quantitative analysis showed that compared with the control group, the total movement distance of mice in the D-galactose group was shortened in the open field test. Compared with the D-galactose group, the total movement distance of mice in the GNSDF-L, GNSDF-H, and DNP groups was increased.

[0163] The above results indicate that ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber can enhance the exercise capacity of aging mice (* represents P < 0.05, ** represents P < 0.01, *** represents P < 0.001, **** represents P < 0.0001 compared with the control group).

[0164] 2. Effects on oxidative stress in brain tissue of aging mice

[0165] The effect of the ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber prepared in Example 1 on the antioxidant enzyme activity of the hippocampus of mice with a D-galactose aging model was tested by the following specific method: the mouse brain tissue was homogenized and pre-cooled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) was used as the homogenization medium. The brain tissue was mixed with PBS at a mass volume ratio of 1:9. The freezing grinder was pre-cooled to below -20°C, and then the brain tissue with PBS was placed in a 1.5mL EP tube and 2 steel balls were added for grinding. The grinding parameters were set to 60 seconds and this operation was repeated twice. After grinding, the sample was centrifuged at 10,000g for 10 min at 4°C, and the supernatant was placed on ice for testing. According to the operating instructions of the SOD, GSH-Px and MDA test kits, the content of relevant indicators in the brain tissue of each group of mice was determined respectively. The results are shown in Figure 7-Figure 9 .

[0166] Depend on Figure 7-Figure 9 Compared with the control group, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px in the hippocampus of mice treated with D-galactose significantly decreased, while MDA levels increased significantly, indicating that D-galactose treatment increased oxidative stress. However, compared with the D-galactose group, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the GNSDF and DNP treatment groups increased, while MDA levels decreased. These results indicate that ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber can enhance the antioxidant capacity of mouse brain tissue. (* represents P < 0.05, ** represents P < 0.01, *** represents P < 0.001, **** represents P < 0.0001 compared with the control group).

[0167] 3. Effects on the intestinal flora of aging mice

[0168] The effect of the ginseng nano-soluble dietary fiber prepared in Example 1 on the species composition of the intestinal flora of D-galactose aging model mice was investigated. The specific detection method was as follows: sample collection, total DNA extraction, PCR amplification of specific regions of the 16S rRNA gene, high-throughput sequencing of the PCR products, obtaining a large number of 16S rRNA gene sequences, and then species annotation and data analysis. The results are shown in Figure 10-13 As shown, the difference in the composition of intestinal flora between different experimental groups was revealed by using histogram analysis. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the two most abundant phyla in the intestinal flora, usually accounting for about 90% of the total intestinal bacteria. Comparing the Control group with the D-galactose group, the present application found that the relative abundance of the beneficial bacteria Dubosiella in the D-galactose group decreased significantly. Compared with the D-galactose group, the relative abundance of the beneficial bacteria Dubosiella in the GNSDF-L and GNSDF-H groups increased ( Figure 10 ). In addition, studies have shown that changes in the F / B ratio are closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. For example, in obese people, the F / B ratio is usually higher; in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the F / B ratio is increased, which may be related to the proliferation of pro-inflammatory strains in the Firmicutes phylum (such as certain Clostridium). In this study, compared with the Control group, the F / B ratio of the model group increased, and compared with the model group, the F / B ratio of the GNSDF-treated group decreased ( Figure 11 ), indicating that GNSDF significantly reversed the aging-related abnormalities in the F / B ratio.

[0169] At the family level, Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae were beneficial bacteria. Compared with the control, the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae decreased in the model group; however, after GNSDF administration, the relative abundance of this family increased significantly ( Figure 12 ).

[0170] D-galactose treatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in Verucomicrobiota and Proteobactera, while after drug intervention, the relative abundance of these beneficial bacteria increased significantly ( Figure 13 ), studies have shown that these bacteria can maintain intestinal barrier function by producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which is essential for host health.

[0171] The above results indicate that GNSDF can improve the intestinal health of aging mice by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and reducing the relative abundance of harmful bacteria.

[0172] The embodiments described above only express several implementation methods of the present application, which are convenient for understanding the technical solutions of the present application in a specific and detailed manner, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the patent application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present application, several variations and improvements can be made, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the above-mentioned teaching content of the present application, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present application, and the equivalent forms obtained also fall within the scope of protection of the present application. It should also be understood that the technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the technical solutions provided in the present application are all within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent application of this application shall be based on the content of the attached claims, and the description can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber, characterized in that: include: α-amylase, neutral protease and amyloglucosidase are used to enzymatically hydrolyze the ginseng extraction residue to prepare an enzymatic hydrolyzate; collecting the supernatant of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution, subjecting the supernatant of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution to alcohol precipitation, and collecting the precipitate; and The precipitate is subjected to ultrasonic treatment to prepare ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber.

2. The method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ginseng residue also includes a pretreatment step before enzymatic hydrolysis; Optionally, the preprocessing satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (1) drying, crushing and passing the ginseng residue through a 55-65 mesh sieve to prepare ginseng residue powder; (2) performing a degreasing treatment on the ginseng residue; optionally, the degreasing treatment includes a Soxhlet treatment with petroleum ether for 1 h to 3 h; (3) mixing the ginseng residue with a buffer solution; Optionally, the buffer comprises disodium hydrogen phosphate-potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer; Optionally, the mass volume ratio of the ginseng residue to the buffer solution is 1 g: (24-26) mL; Optionally, the ginseng extraction residue is enzymatically hydrolyzed using α-amylase, neutral protease and amyloglucosidase in sequence.

3. The method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The α-amylase performs enzymolysis to meet one or more of the following conditions: (1) The α-amylase is a thermostable α-amylase; (2) The concentration of the α-amylase in the enzymatic hydrolysis system is 0.1 w / v%-0.2 w / v%; (3) Enzymatic hydrolysis conditions include: temperature of 94°C-96°C, pH of 5.8-6.5, and time of 28 min-32 min; Optionally, the enzymatic hydrolysis by the neutral protease satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (1) The neutral protease in the enzymatic hydrolysis system has a concentration of 1 w / v%-2 w / v%; (2) Enzymatic hydrolysis conditions include: temperature of 38°C-42°C, pH of 7.4-7.6, and time of 55 min-65 min; Optionally, the enzymatic hydrolysis performed by the amyloglucosidase satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (1) The concentration of the amyloglucosidase in the enzymatic hydrolysis system is 1 w / v%-2 w / v%; (2) The conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis include: temperature of 58°C-62°C, pH of 4.4-4.6, and time of 55 min-65 min.

4. The method for preparing ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The alcohol precipitation treatment comprises: adding 94 v / v%-96 v / v% ethanol for treatment; and / or The parameters of ultrasonic treatment include: frequency of 22 kHz-26 kHz, time of 1 h-3 h.

5. The ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber prepared by the preparation method of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. Use of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber according to claim 5 in the preparation of medicines or health products for improving aging.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The subjects of the medicine or health product are primates; Optionally, the subject of the drug is a human; Optionally, the drug further comprises pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

8. Use of the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber according to claim 5 in the preparation of a medicine or health product for increasing the richness of Verrucomicrobia and / or Proteobacteria in the intestine.

9. A health product or medicine for improving intestinal flora, characterized in that: The health product or medicine comprises the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber according to claim 5.

10. A health product or medicine for improving aging, characterized in that: The health product or medicine comprises the ginseng soluble nano dietary fiber according to claim 5.

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