A laser fuse additive device and method for dual gradient control between aluminum and magnesium layers

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of dual-gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers, and discloses a laser fuse additive device and method for dual-gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers. The control system is connected to a motion system, a laser system, a ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, a laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, a laser melting deposition assisted additive device, and a liftable positioner via signal cables to enable the manufacture of dual-gradient additive components between aluminum / magnesium layers. This laser fuse additive device and method for dual-gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers effectively addresses the problems of poor interlayer interface compatibility and insufficient bonding strength in traditional aluminum / magnesium dissimilar metal laser additive manufacturing by utilizing distributed additive processes of laser fusing and laser cladding. By cladding compatible high-entropy alloys between aluminum / magnesium alloy dissimilar metal layers, dual-gradient control of the composition and structure of the aluminum / magnesium alloy dissimilar metal additive interface is achieved, thereby improving interface bonding performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient control, and in particular to a laser fuse additive device and method for aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient control. Background Art

[0002] Laser additive manufacturing (LAM) offers advantages such as high precision, high flexibility, and near-net-shape formation. It enables rapid, integrated formation of complex structures, reduces material waste, and shortens manufacturing cycles. This technology uses a high-energy laser beam to melt metal materials (such as wire or powder) layer by layer, enabling precise control of microstructure and mechanical properties, making it particularly suitable for forming and manufacturing metal materials. Compared to traditional processing methods, LAM can overcome structural design limitations, enabling lightweight designs such as topological optimization and lattice structures. It holds broad application prospects in aerospace, new energy vehicles, and other fields.

[0003] Compared to laser powder additive manufacturing (LAM), laser fused wire additive manufacturing (L-WAAM) offers significant advantages in the fabrication of aluminum and magnesium alloy structures, including high material utilization, high forming efficiency, and low cost. L-WAAM uses metal wire as a raw material, avoiding issues such as poor powder flowability and susceptibility to oxidation. It is particularly suitable for the efficient and stable forming of active metals such as aluminum and magnesium. Furthermore, L-WAAM offers a larger melt pool, enabling higher deposition rates (up to kg / h), making it suitable for the rapid fabrication of large, lightweight structures.

[0004] Currently, aluminum / magnesium bimetallic structural components are gaining significant attention in the aerospace industry to meet the demand for extremely lightweight aircraft structural components. However, this technology still faces technical bottlenecks in engineering applications, such as poor interfacial compatibility and insufficient bonding strength between the aluminum / magnesium dissimilar metal layers. This severely restricts the application of aluminum / magnesium bimetallic structural components in aerospace. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an additive manufacturing technology that can effectively improve the bonding performance of dissimilar metal interfaces to meet the requirements of lightweight design and high-reliability service of aircraft metal structural components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a laser fuse additive device and method with dual gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser fuse additive device with dual-gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers, wherein the control system is connected to a motion system, a laser system, a ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, a laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, a laser melting deposition assisted additive device, and a liftable positioner via signal cables to enable the manufacture of dual-gradient additive components between aluminum / magnesium layers;

[0007] The motion system includes: a movable gantry, a laser fuse additive device suspension support, a first liftable slider, a fuse function switching device, a laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device suspension support, and a second liftable slider;

[0008] The laser system includes: a first laser, a second laser, a third laser, a first transmission optical fiber, a second transmission optical fiber, and a third transmission optical fiber;

[0009] The annular laser coaxial fuse additive device comprises: first and second level suspension supports, aluminum alloy welding wire, a hollow wire feeding channel, an annular laser coaxial fuse printing head, and a first laser beam;

[0010] The laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device includes: a second secondary suspension support, a laser print head, an arc welding gun, a fixture, a welding machine, a magnesium alloy welding wire, and a second laser beam;

[0011] The laser melting deposition assisted additive device includes: a laser cladding head, a powder feeder, high entropy alloy powder, a powder feeding tube, a coaxial powder feeding channel, and a third laser beam;

[0012] The liftable positioner is used to control the additive posture of the aluminum / magnesium interlayer double-gradient additive component.

[0013] Preferably, the laser system is used to output a laser heat source, wherein the first laser is connected to a ring laser coaxial fuse printing head via a first transmission optical fiber, the second laser is connected to a laser-arc paraxial fuse printing head via a second transmission optical fiber, and the third laser is connected to a laser cladding head via a third transmission optical fiber;

[0014] The first laser beam is a ring-shaped laser beam, the second laser beam is a Gaussian laser beam with a smaller spot size, and the third laser beam is a flat-top laser beam with a larger spot size.

[0015] Preferably, a first elevating slider and a fuse function switching device are installed on the suspension support of the laser fuse additive device, and the annular laser coaxial fuse print head and the laser print head are respectively installed on the fuse function switching device through the first and second-level suspension supports and the second and second-level suspension supports;

[0016] The laser fuse additive device suspension support drives the laser print head and the annular laser coaxial fuse print head to move up and down via the first liftable slider to control the height position of the print head;

[0017] The fuse function switching device is used to switch between a laser printing head and a ring laser coaxial fuse printing head.

[0018] Preferably, the first laser beam passes through the middle of the annular laser coaxial fuse print head, an aluminum alloy welding wire is passed into the annular laser coaxial fuse print head, and the aluminum alloy welding wire is heated and melted by the first laser beam output by the annular laser coaxial fuse print head, so as to implement annular laser coaxial fuse additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy;

[0019] The arc welding gun is mounted on the laser fuse print head through a fixture, and the magnesium alloy welding wire is heated and melted by two heat sources, the second laser beam output by the laser print head and the arc output by the arc welding gun, so as to implement the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive manufacturing of the magnesium alloy;

[0020] The powder feeder sequentially delivers high entropy alloy powder to the surface of the additive part through a powder feeding tube and a coaxial powder feeding channel, and heats and melts the high entropy alloy powder through a third laser beam output by a laser cladding head to implement laser cladding of the high entropy alloy.

[0021] Preferably, the aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient additive component includes an aluminum alloy printing layer, a first interlayer dual gradient printing layer, a magnesium alloy printing layer, and a second interlayer dual gradient printing layer;

[0022] The first interlayer dual-gradient printing layer is composed of a first interlayer single-gradient printing layer A and a second interlayer single-gradient printing layer B, wherein the first interlayer single-gradient printing layer A is an aluminum alloy-high entropy alloy gradient layer, and the second interlayer single-gradient printing layer B is a high entropy alloy-magnesium alloy gradient layer;

[0023] The second interlayer dual gradient printing layer is composed of a first interlayer single gradient printing layer C and a second interlayer single gradient printing layer D. The first interlayer single gradient printing layer C is a magnesium alloy-high entropy alloy gradient layer, and the second interlayer single gradient printing layer D is a high entropy alloy-aluminum alloy gradient layer.

[0024] Preferably, the control system controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the waiting working area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support to move the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, implements additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy, and obtains an aluminum alloy printing layer;

[0025] The control system controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support to move the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the waiting work area, controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the work area, performs additive manufacturing of a lightweight high-entropy alloy containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements on the surface of the aluminum alloy additively manufactured component, completes single-gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtains a first interlayer single-gradient printing layer A;

[0026] The control system controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the waiting working area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support to move the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device to the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, performs additive manufacturing of magnesium alloy on the high entropy alloy cladding surface, completes single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtains the first interlayer dual gradient printing layer and the magnesium alloy printing layer;

[0027] The control system controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support to move the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the waiting working area, controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the working area, performs additive manufacturing of a lightweight high-entropy alloy containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements on the surface of the magnesium alloy additively manufactured component, completes single-gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtains a first interlayer single-gradient printing layer C;

[0028] The control system controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the working area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support to move the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, implements additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy on the high entropy alloy cladding surface, completes single gradient additive of aluminum, magnesium and lithium elements, and obtains the first interlayer double gradient printing layer and the aluminum alloy printing layer.

[0029] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a laser fuse additive method with dual gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers to solve the problems raised in the above background technology;

[0030] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for using the laser fuse additive device adopting dual gradient control between aluminum and magnesium layers, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Turn on the first laser, the second laser, and the third laser through the control system;

[0032] Step 2: Setting the height and relative positions of the ring laser coaxial fuse print head, laser print head, and laser cladding head through the control system;

[0033] Step 3: Input the aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy welding wire grades and diameters into the control system, import the geometric model of the component to be added into the control system, plan the additive manufacturing strategy and path, and set the additive manufacturing process parameters for the aluminum alloy ring laser coaxial fuse, the laser-arc paraxial fuse, and the laser cladding process parameters.

[0034] Step 4: The laser fuse additive device suspension support moves the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the work area, switches the fuse function switch device to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, and starts the additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy to obtain the aluminum alloy printing layer;

[0035] Step 5: The laser melting deposition assisted additive device is moved to the work area by the suspension support. A lightweight high-entropy alloy containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements is additively manufactured on the surface of the aluminum alloy additively manufactured component. The single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements is completed, and the first interlayer single gradient printing layer A is obtained.

[0036] Step 6: The laser fuse additive device suspension support moves the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device to the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, and begins to implement additive manufacturing of magnesium alloy on the high-entropy alloy cladding surface, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining the second interlayer single gradient printing layer B and the magnesium alloy printing layer;

[0037] Step 7: The laser melting deposition assisted additive device is moved to the work area by the suspension support. A lightweight high-entropy alloy containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements is additively manufactured on the surface of the magnesium alloy additively manufactured component. The single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements is completed, and the first interlayer single gradient printing layer C is obtained.

[0038] Step 8: The laser fuse additive device suspension support moves the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, and begins to implement the additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy on the high-entropy alloy cladding surface, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining the second interlayer single gradient printing layer D and the aluminum alloy printing layer;

[0039] Step 9: Repeat steps 5 to 8 to manufacture the aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient additive component.

[0040] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a laser fuse additive device and method with dual gradient control between aluminum and magnesium layers, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. The laser fuse additive device and method with dual gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers effectively solves the problems of poor interlayer bonding interface compatibility and insufficient bonding strength in traditional aluminum / magnesium dissimilar metal laser additive manufacturing through distributed additive manufacturing of laser fuse and laser cladding.

[0042] 2. The laser fuse additive device and method with dual gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers clads a compatible high-entropy alloy between aluminum / magnesium alloy dissimilar metal layers, achieving dual gradient control of the composition and structure of the aluminum / magnesium alloy dissimilar metal additive interface and improving the interface bonding performance.

[0043] 3. The laser fuse additive device and method with dual gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers take into account the lightweight requirements of aerospace structural parts and are suitable for manufacturing aluminum / magnesium bimetallic structural parts to meet the extremely lightweight manufacturing requirements of aircraft structural parts.

[0044] 4. The laser fuse additive manufacturing device and method with dual gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers uses metal wire as raw material for laser fuse additive manufacturing, avoiding problems such as poor powder fluidity and easy oxidation, and achieving high material utilization.

[0045] 5. This laser fuse additive manufacturing device and method with dual gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers enables larger molten pool size and higher deposition rate (up to kg / h level) for laser fuse additive manufacturing, making it suitable for the rapid manufacturing of large lightweight structures with high forming efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a laser fuse additive device with dual-gradient control between aluminum and magnesium layers provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual-gradient additive component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure: 11. Mobile gantry; 12. Suspension support for laser fuse additive device; 13. First elevating slider; 14. Fuse function switching device; 15. Suspension support for laser melting deposition assisted additive device; 16. Second elevating slider; 21. First laser; 22. Second laser; 23. Third laser; 24. Second transmission optical fiber; 25. First transmission optical fiber; 26. Third transmission optical fiber; 31. Second secondary suspension support; 32. Laser print head; 33. Arc welding gun; 34. Fixture; 35. Welding machine; 36. Magnesium alloy welding wire ; 37. Second laser beam; 41. First and second level suspension supports; 42. Aluminum alloy welding wire; 43. Hollow wire feeding channel; 44. Ring laser coaxial fuse printing head; 45. First laser beam; 51. Laser cladding head; 52. Powder feeder; 53. High entropy alloy powder; 54. Powder feeding tube; 55. Coaxial powder feeding channel; 56. Third laser beam; 6. Aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient additive component; 61. Aluminum alloy printing layer; 62. First interlayer dual gradient printing layer; 63. Magnesium alloy printing layer; 64. Second interlayer dual gradient printing layer; 7. Liftable positioner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The present invention provides a technical solution: Example 1

[0052] Combine Figures 1 to 2 A laser fuse additive device with dual-gradient control between aluminum / magnesium layers. The control system is connected to a motion system, a laser system, a ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, a laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, a laser melting deposition assisted additive device, and a liftable positioner 7 via signal cables to enable the manufacture of an aluminum / magnesium dual-gradient additive component 6 between layers.

[0053] The motion system includes: a movable gantry 11, a laser fuse additive device suspension support 12, a first liftable slider 13, a fuse function switching device 14, a laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support 15, and a second liftable slider 16;

[0054] The laser system includes: a first laser 21, a second laser 22, a third laser 23, a first transmission optical fiber 25; a second transmission optical fiber 24, and a third transmission optical fiber 26;

[0055] The ring laser coaxial fuse additive device includes: a first and second stage suspension support 41, an aluminum alloy welding wire 42, a hollow wire feeding channel 43, a ring laser coaxial fuse printing head 44, and a first laser beam 45;

[0056] The laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device includes: a second secondary suspension support 31, a laser print head 32, an arc welding gun 33, a fixture 34, a welding machine 35, a magnesium alloy welding wire 36, and a second laser beam 37;

[0057] The laser melting deposition assisted additive device includes: a laser cladding head 51, a powder feeder 52, high entropy alloy powder 53, a powder feeding tube 54, a coaxial powder feeding channel 55, and a third laser beam 56;

[0058] The liftable positioner 7 is used to control the additive posture of the aluminum / magnesium interlayer double gradient additive component 6.

[0059] Furthermore, the laser system is used to output a laser heat source, wherein the first laser 21 is connected to the ring laser coaxial fuse printing head 44 via a first transmission optical fiber 25, the second laser 22 is connected to the laser printing head 32 via a second transmission optical fiber 24, and the third laser 23 is connected to the laser cladding head 51 via a third transmission optical fiber 26;

[0060] The first laser beam 45 is a ring-shaped laser beam, the second laser beam 37 is a Gaussian laser beam with a smaller spot size, and the third laser beam 56 is a flat-top laser beam with a larger spot size.

[0061] Furthermore, a first elevating slider 13 and a fuse function switching device 14 are mounted on the suspension support 12 of the laser fuse additive device, and a ring laser coaxial fuse print head 44 and a laser print head 32 are mounted on the fuse function switching device 14 via a first secondary suspension support 41 and a second secondary suspension support 31 respectively;

[0062] The laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 drives the laser print head 32 and the annular laser coaxial fuse print head 44 to move up and down through the first liftable slider 13 to control the height position of the print head;

[0063] The fuse function switching device 14 is used to switch between the laser print head 32 and the ring laser coaxial fuse print head 44 .

[0064] Furthermore, the first laser beam 45 passes through the middle of the annular laser coaxial fuse printing head 44, and the aluminum alloy welding wire 42 is passed into the annular laser coaxial fuse printing head 44. The aluminum alloy welding wire 42 is heated and melted by the first laser beam 45 output by the annular laser coaxial fuse printing head 44, so as to implement the annular laser coaxial fuse additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy.

[0065] The arc welding gun 33 is mounted on the laser printing head 32 via a fixture 34. The second laser beam 37 output by the laser printing head 32 and the arc output by the arc welding gun 33 are used to heat and melt the magnesium alloy welding wire 36, thereby implementing laser-arc paraxial fusion wire additive manufacturing of the magnesium alloy.

[0066] The powder feeder 52 delivers the high entropy alloy powder 53 to the surface of the additive part through the powder feeding tube 54 and the coaxial powder feeding channel 55 in sequence. The high entropy alloy powder 53 is heated and melted by the third laser beam 56 output by the laser cladding head 51 to implement laser cladding of the high entropy alloy. Example 2

[0067] See Figure 1-2 , and on the basis of Example 1, further obtained is an aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient additive component 6 including an aluminum alloy printing layer 61, a first interlayer dual gradient printing layer 62, a magnesium alloy printing layer 63, and a second interlayer dual gradient printing layer 64;

[0068] The first interlayer dual gradient printing layer 62 is composed of a first interlayer single gradient printing layer A and a second interlayer single gradient printing layer B. The first interlayer single gradient printing layer A is an aluminum alloy-high entropy alloy gradient layer, and the second interlayer single gradient printing layer B is a high entropy alloy-magnesium alloy gradient layer.

[0069] The second interlayer dual gradient printing layer 64 is composed of a first interlayer single gradient printing layer C and a second interlayer single gradient printing layer D. The first interlayer single gradient printing layer C is a magnesium alloy-high entropy alloy gradient layer, and the second interlayer single gradient printing layer D is a high entropy alloy-aluminum alloy gradient layer.

[0070] Furthermore, the control system controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support 15 to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the work area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 to move the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the work area, and switches the fuse function switching device 14 to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device to implement additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy print layer 61.

[0071] The control system controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 to move the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the waiting work area, and controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support 15 to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the work area. A lightweight high-entropy alloy containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements is additively manufactured on the surface of the aluminum alloy additively manufactured component, completing single-gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining a first interlayer single-gradient printing layer A.

[0072] The control system controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support 15 to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the work area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 to move the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the work area, switches the fuse function switching device 14 to the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, implements additive manufacturing of magnesium alloy on the high-entropy alloy cladding surface, completes single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtains the first interlayer dual gradient printing layer 62 and the magnesium alloy printing layer 63;

[0073] The control system controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 to move the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the waiting work area, and controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support 15 to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the work area. A lightweight high-entropy alloy containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements is additively manufactured on the surface of the magnesium alloy additively manufactured component, completing single-gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining a first interlayer single-gradient printing layer C.

[0074] The control system controls the laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support 15 to move the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the working area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 to move the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device 14 to the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device, implements additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy on the high entropy alloy cladding surface, completes single gradient additive of aluminum, magnesium and lithium elements, and obtains the second interlayer double gradient printing layer 64 and the aluminum alloy printing layer 61.

[0075] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for using the laser fuse additive device adopting dual gradient control between aluminum and magnesium layers, comprising the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: Turn on the first laser 21, the second laser 22, and the third laser 23 through the control system;

[0077] Step 2: Setting the height and relative positions of the ring laser coaxial fuse print head 44, the laser print head 32, and the laser cladding head 51 through the control system;

[0078] Step 3: Input the aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy welding wire grades and diameters into the control system, import the geometric model of the component to be added into the control system, plan the additive manufacturing strategy and path, and set the additive manufacturing process parameters for the aluminum alloy ring laser coaxial fuse, the laser-arc paraxial fuse, and the laser cladding process parameters.

[0079] Step 4: The laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 moves the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device 14 to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, and starts the additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy to obtain the aluminum alloy printing layer 61;

[0080] Step 5: The laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support 15 moves the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the working area and begins additive manufacturing of a lightweight high-entropy alloy containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements on the surface of the aluminum alloy additively manufactured component, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements and obtaining the first interlayer single gradient printing layer A;

[0081] Step 6: The laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 moves the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device 14 to the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, and begins additive manufacturing of the magnesium alloy on the high-entropy alloy cladding surface, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining the second interlayer single gradient printing layer B and the magnesium alloy printing layer 63;

[0082] Step 7: The laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support 15 moves the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the working area and begins additive manufacturing of a lightweight high-entropy alloy containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements on the surface of the magnesium alloy additively manufactured component, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements and obtaining the first interlayer single gradient printing layer C;

[0083] Step 8: The laser fuse additive device suspension support 12 moves the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device 14 to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, and begins to implement additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy on the high-entropy alloy cladding surface, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining the second interlayer single gradient printing layer D and the aluminum alloy printing layer 61;

[0084] Step 9: Repeat steps 5 to 8 to manufacture the aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient additive component 6.

[0085] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

Claims

1. A laser fuse additive device with dual gradient control between aluminum and magnesium layers, characterized by: include: A control system, wherein the control system is connected to a motion system, a laser system, a ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, a laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, a laser melting deposition assisted additive device, and a lifting positioner (7) via signal connection lines to realize the manufacture of an aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient additive component (6); The motion system comprises: a movable gantry (11), a laser fuse additive device suspension support (12), a first liftable slider (13), a fuse function switching device (14), a laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device suspension support (15), and a second liftable slider (16); The laser system comprises: a first laser (21), a second laser (22), a third laser (23), a first transmission optical fiber (25), a second transmission optical fiber (24), and a third transmission optical fiber (26); The annular laser coaxial fuse additive device comprises: a first and second level suspension support (41), an aluminum alloy welding wire (42), a hollow wire feeding channel (43), an annular laser coaxial fuse printing head (44), and a first laser beam (45); The laser-arc paraxial fuse material addition device comprises: a second secondary suspension support (31), a laser printing head (32), an arc welding gun (33), a fixture (34), a welding machine (35), a magnesium alloy welding wire (36), and a second laser beam (37); The laser melting deposition assisted additive device comprises: a laser cladding head (51), a powder feeder (52), high entropy alloy powder (53), a powder feeding tube (54), a coaxial powder feeding channel (55), and a third laser beam (56); The lifting positioner (7) is used to control the additive posture of the aluminum / magnesium interlayer double gradient additive component (6); A first elevating slider (13) and a fuse function switching device (14) are mounted on the laser fuse additive device suspension support (12); a ring laser coaxial fuse print head (44) and a laser print head (32) are mounted on the fuse function switching device (14) via a first secondary suspension support (41) and a second secondary suspension support (31), respectively; The laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) drives the laser print head (32) and the annular laser coaxial fuse print head (44) to perform lifting motion via a first liftable slider (13) to control the height position of the print head; The fuse function switching device (14) is used to switch between the laser printing head (32) and the ring laser coaxial fuse printing head (44); The first laser beam (45) passes through the middle of the annular laser coaxial fuse printing head (44), and the aluminum alloy welding wire (42) is passed through the annular laser coaxial fuse printing head (44). The aluminum alloy welding wire (42) is heated and melted by the first laser beam (45) output by the annular laser coaxial fuse printing head (44), so as to implement annular laser coaxial fuse additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy; The arc welding gun (33) is mounted on the laser printing head (32) via a fixture (34), and the magnesium alloy welding wire (36) is heated and melted by two heat sources, namely, a second laser beam (37) output by the laser printing head (32) and an arc output by the arc welding gun (33), so as to implement laser-arc paraxial fused wire additive manufacturing of the magnesium alloy; The powder feeder (52) sequentially delivers the high entropy alloy powder (53) to the surface of the additive part through the powder feeding tube (54) and the coaxial powder feeding channel (55), and heats and melts the high entropy alloy powder (53) through the third laser beam (56) output by the laser cladding head (51) to implement laser cladding of the high entropy alloy.

2. The laser fuse additive device with dual-gradient control of aluminum / magnesium interlayers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser system is used to output a laser heat source, wherein the first laser (21) is connected to a ring laser coaxial fuse printing head (44) via a first transmission optical fiber (25), the second laser (22) is connected to a laser printing head (32) via a second transmission optical fiber (24), and the third laser (23) is connected to a laser cladding head (51) via a third transmission optical fiber (26); The first laser beam (45) is a ring-shaped laser beam, the second laser beam (37) is a Gaussian laser beam, and the third laser beam (56) is a flat-top laser beam.

3. The laser fuse additive device with dual-gradient control of aluminum / magnesium interlayers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient additive component (6) comprises an aluminum alloy printing layer (61), a first interlayer dual gradient printing layer (62), a magnesium alloy printing layer (63), and a second interlayer dual gradient printing layer (64); The first interlayer dual gradient printing layer (62) is composed of a first interlayer single gradient printing layer A and a second interlayer single gradient printing layer B, the first interlayer single gradient printing layer A is an aluminum alloy-high entropy alloy gradient layer, and the second interlayer single gradient printing layer B is a high entropy alloy-magnesium alloy gradient layer; The second interlayer dual gradient printing layer (64) is composed of a first interlayer single gradient printing layer C and a second interlayer single gradient printing layer D, the first interlayer single gradient printing layer C is a magnesium alloy-high entropy alloy gradient layer, and the second interlayer single gradient printing layer D is a high entropy alloy-aluminum alloy gradient layer.

4. The laser fuse additive device with dual-gradient control of aluminum / magnesium interlayers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control system controls the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device suspension support (15) to move the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device to the work area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) to move the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the work area, switches the fuse function switching device (14) to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, implements additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy, and obtains an aluminum alloy printing layer (61); The control system controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) to move the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the waiting working area, controls the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device suspension support (15) to move the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device to the working area, implements lightweight high entropy alloy additive manufacturing containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements on the surface of the aluminum alloy additive manufacturing component, completes the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtains the first interlayer single gradient printing layer A; The control system controls the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device suspension support (15) to move the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device to the working area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) to move the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device (14) to the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, implements additive manufacturing of magnesium alloy on the high entropy alloy cladding surface, completes single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium and lithium elements, and obtains the first interlayer double gradient printing layer (62) and the magnesium alloy printing layer (63); The control system controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) to move the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the waiting working area, controls the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device suspension support (15) to move the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device to the working area, implements lightweight high entropy alloy additive manufacturing containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements on the surface of the magnesium alloy additive manufacturing component, completes the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtains the first interlayer single gradient printing layer C; The control system controls the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device suspension support (15) to move the laser melting deposition auxiliary additive device to the working area, controls the laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) to move the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device (14) to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, implements the additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy on the high entropy alloy cladding surface, completes the single gradient additive of aluminum, magnesium and lithium elements, and obtains the second interlayer double gradient printing layer (64) and the aluminum alloy printing layer (61).

5. A laser fuse additive method with dual-gradient control between aluminum and magnesium layers, applied to the laser fuse additive device with dual-gradient control between aluminum and magnesium layers as claimed in claim 4, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the first laser (21), the second laser (22), and the third laser (23) through the control system; Step 2: Setting the height and relative positions of the ring laser coaxial fuse print head (44), the laser print head (32), and the laser cladding head (51) through a control system; Step 3: Input the aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy welding wire grades and diameters into the control system, import the geometric model of the component to be added into the control system, plan the additive manufacturing strategy and path, and set the additive manufacturing process parameters for the aluminum alloy ring laser coaxial fuse, the laser-arc paraxial fuse, and the laser cladding process parameters. Step 4: The laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) moves the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device (14) to the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device, and starts the additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy to obtain the aluminum alloy printing layer (61); Step 5: The laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support (15) moves the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the working area, and starts to implement lightweight high entropy alloy additive manufacturing containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements on the surface of the aluminum alloy additive manufacturing component, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining the first interlayer single gradient printing layer A; Step 6: The laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) moves the ring laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device (14) to the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device, and starts to implement the additive manufacturing of magnesium alloy on the high entropy alloy cladding surface, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining the second interlayer single gradient printing layer B and the magnesium alloy printing layer (63); Step 7: The laser melting deposition assisted additive device suspension support (15) moves the laser melting deposition assisted additive device to the working area, and starts to implement lightweight high entropy alloy additive manufacturing containing aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements on the surface of the magnesium alloy additive manufacturing component, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining the first interlayer single gradient printing layer C; Step 8: The laser fuse additive device suspension support (12) moves the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device and the laser-arc paraxial fuse additive device to the working area, switches the fuse function switching device (14) to the annular laser coaxial fuse additive device, and starts to implement the additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy on the high entropy alloy cladding surface, completing the single gradient additive manufacturing of aluminum, magnesium, and lithium elements, and obtaining the second interlayer single gradient printing layer D and the aluminum alloy printing layer (61); Step 9: Repeat steps 5 to 8 to manufacture the aluminum / magnesium interlayer dual gradient additive component (6).

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