Photovoltaic workboat and photovoltaic construction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic construction, and relates to a photovoltaic workboat and a photovoltaic construction method. The photovoltaic workboat comprises four sets of pile embracing devices arranged at four corners of a boat body, and each pile embracing device comprises two guide rails arranged oppositely and a pile embracing device connected to the two guide rails in a sliding mode; the pile gripper is C-shaped, the opening direction of the pile gripper deviates from the ship body, two pile gripping assemblies are arranged in the pile gripper up and down at intervals, each pile gripping assembly comprises a plurality of support arms stretching towards the C-shaped center, and guide rollers are arranged at the stretching ends of the support arms; the driving mechanism drives the pile gripper to move along the guide rail to extend out of the ship body or retract into the ship body. According to the photovoltaic workboat, the double requirements of foundation pile sinking operation and photovoltaic panel mounting operation during offshore photovoltaic construction can be met; when the ship body floats and sits on the bottom, the pile sinking position can be accurately adjusted in real time, and the influence of the tide level on the pile sinking operation is reduced; when the photovoltaic panel is installed, the ship body can shuttle between the sunk foundation piles, the photovoltaic workboat and the sunk foundation piles are connected into a whole in a pile embracing mode, the posture of the ship body is prevented from being changed, and the photovoltaic panel is not affected by the damp position during installation; therefore, the construction window period is increased, and the offshore photovoltaic construction efficiency and construction quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic construction, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic construction vessel and a photovoltaic construction method. Background Art

[0002] Under the same lighting conditions, the offshore environment offers advantages over the land environment, such as a wide, unobstructed radiation surface, long sunshine hours, and high radiation levels. This has led to the rise and development of offshore photovoltaic technology. Currently, offshore photovoltaics are generally installed in the intertidal zone, a zone located between high and low tides that is submerged and exposed with the ebb and flow of the tide. This area is characterized by shallow operating water depths and large tidal ranges. During offshore photovoltaic construction, the multiple foundation piles required for the offshore photovoltaic field must first be sunk. The piles are typically arranged in multiple rows, front and back, and left and right. Then, multiple photovoltaic panels are installed on these piles. Four pillars are typically installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel. Connecting the four pillars to the four foundation piles completes the photovoltaic panel installation. The entire construction process is characterized by a large number of foundation piles and a tight construction schedule.

[0003] Currently, offshore photovoltaic construction is usually carried out using a bottom-mounted stable pile platform or a ship-mounted crane, but this has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1) When using a bottom-mounted pile stabilization platform for construction, the platform is large and heavy, and the pile sinking process is cumbersome. After completing the pile sinking operation at one position, the pile stabilization platform needs to be hoisted back to the transport ship by a crane ship, moved to the next position, and then lowered to carry out the pile sinking operation at the next position. This results in complicated operations, low construction efficiency, and high construction costs.

[0005] 2) When using ship-driven machinery for construction, existing pile-driving ships have large hulls and deep drafts. They need to operate at high tide and cannot operate after the ship is grounded. The operating window is short and the pile-drilling efficiency is low. Moreover, the pile-driving ship cannot flexibly adjust its position and posture during operation, making it difficult to accurately locate the pile sinking position, and thus it is difficult to ensure the construction accuracy of the foundation piles. In addition, the ship's posture is affected by environmental factors such as waves and changes at any time, affecting the subsequent installation efficiency of photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings in the relevant technologies, the present invention provides a photovoltaic construction vessel and a photovoltaic construction method, which aim to take into account the dual needs of foundation pile sinking operations and photovoltaic panel installation operations during offshore photovoltaic construction, reduce the impact of tide levels on offshore photovoltaic construction, increase the construction window period, improve the efficiency and accuracy of foundation pile sinking operations, improve the efficiency and convenience of photovoltaic panel installation operations, and thus improve the efficiency and quality of offshore photovoltaic construction.

[0007] The present invention provides a photovoltaic construction ship, which is used for the pile sinking operation of foundation piles and the installation operation of photovoltaic panels during offshore photovoltaic construction. The photovoltaic construction ship includes a hull, a lifting device, four anchor winches, four sets of lifting jacking devices, and four sets of pile holding devices; among which,

[0008] The four anchor winches are respectively arranged at the four corners of the hull and are used for winching the anchor to shift the hull or for anchor mooring positioning; the lifting device is arranged on the deck of the hull and is used for lifting and driving the foundation pile during the pile sinking operation; the four sets of lifting jacking devices are arranged in a square shape on the deck of the hull and are used for supporting and lifting the photovoltaic panel during the photovoltaic panel installation operation;

[0009] The four sets of pile holding devices are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends on both sides of the hull; each set of pile holding devices includes:

[0010] Two relatively arranged guide rails, which are arranged on the deck of the hull, and the length direction of the guide rails is the same as the left - right direction of the hull;

[0011] A pile holder, which includes a frame body and two pile holding components; the frame body is slidably connected to the two guide rails, the frame body is in a U - shape and the open direction of its U - shape is away from the hull; the two pile holding components are arranged in the frame body and are arranged at an interval up and down; each pile holding component includes at least three telescopic arms, all the telescopic arms are arranged at equal - angle intervals around the center of the U - shape of the frame body, the telescopic arms have telescopic ends that extend towards the center of the U - shape, and a guiding roller is arranged at the telescopic end, and the wheel surface of the guiding roller is used to press against the outer wall of the foundation pile so that the pile holding component holds the foundation pile;

[0012] A driving mechanism, one end of which is connected to the deck of the hull and the other end is connected to the frame body; the driving mechanism is used to drive the pile holder to reciprocate along the length direction of the two guide rails so that the pile holder extends outside the hull boundary or retracts inside the hull boundary.

[0013] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder includes a first cylinder barrel and a first piston rod slidably connected in the first cylinder barrel, the first cylinder barrel is connected to the deck of the hull, and the end of the first piston rod背离 the first cylinder barrel is connected to the frame body; the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicatively connected to the first hydraulic cylinder to monitor and regulate the working stroke of the first piston rod in real time.

[0014] In some embodiments, the telescopic arm includes a second hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder includes a second cylinder barrel and a second piston rod slidably connected in the second cylinder barrel, the second cylinder barrel is connected to the frame body, and the guiding roller is arranged at the end of the second piston rod背离 the second cylinder barrel; the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicatively connected to the second hydraulic cylinder to monitor and regulate the working stroke of the second piston rod in real time.

[0015] In some of these embodiments, the lifting jacking device includes a third hydraulic cylinder, which includes a third cylinder barrel and a third piston rod slidably connected within the third cylinder barrel. The third cylinder barrel is connected to the deck of the hull, and one end of the third piston rod facing away from the third cylinder barrel is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel.

[0016] In some of these embodiments, the frame of the pile gripper includes a back frame and two side frames connected to both ends of the back frame in the length direction. The lower parts of the two side frames are respectively slidably connected to two guide rails; each pile gripping assembly includes four telescopic arms, and the four telescopic arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the length direction of the guide rails, and the telescopic arms are connected to the side frames; the driving mechanism is connected to the back frame.

[0017] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic construction method, which is carried out by using the aforementioned photovoltaic construction ship, and includes the pile sinking operation steps of the foundation piles, which include:

[0018] S1. Before the photovoltaic construction ship enters the water, retract the four pile grippers within the hull boundary, and retract the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms in each pile gripper to the zero position; the photovoltaic construction ship enters the water and moves to the position between the positions of the foundation piles to be sunk in two adjacent columns on the left and right;

[0019] S2. Extend the two pile grippers at the rear end of the hull and make the U-shaped centers of the two frames respectively correspond to the positions of the foundation piles to be sunk in the two rear rows on the left and right sides of the hull at this time, and anchor and position the hull;

[0020] S3. The lifting equipment hoists a foundation pile and stands the pile upright, and sends the foundation pile into the pile gripper through the open side of the U-shaped opening of the extended frame of one pile gripper; all the telescopic arms in this pile gripper extend to hold the foundation pile, and by adjusting the extended distance of this pile gripper and / or the extended length of the telescopic end of each telescopic arm in this pile gripper, adjust the position and verticality of the foundation pile in place; the foundation pile starts to sink by itself, and after the self-sinking is completed, disconnect the connection between the lifting equipment and the foundation pile, and the lifting equipment hoists the vibratory hammer to drive the self-sunk foundation pile until the pile sinking operation of this foundation pile is completed; during the self-sinking and driving process of this foundation pile, monitor and adjust the position and verticality of this foundation pile in real time; according to this process, carry out the pile sinking operation of another foundation pile through the extended other pile gripper;

[0021] S4. Extend the two pile grippers at the front end of the hull and make the U-shaped centers of the two frames respectively correspond to the positions of the foundation piles to be sunk in the two front rows on the left and right sides of the hull at this time; perform step S3 again, so as to complete the pile sinking operation of the two front-row foundation piles on the left and right sides of the hull at the current ship position;

[0022] S5. Retract the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms in the four pile grippers to the zero position, and then retract the four pile grippers within the hull boundary; release the anchor cables of the two anchor winches at the rear side of the hull, and use the two anchor winches at the front side of the hull to winch the hull forward, and the forward movement distance of the hull is equal to the center distance between two adjacent rows of foundation piles;

[0023] S6. The two pile grippers at the rear end of the hull extend outwards, and the U-shaped openings of the two frames are respectively sleeved outside the front row of two foundation piles of the sunk piles in the previous ship position. All the arms in the two pile grippers extend to respectively hold the two foundation piles; the anchor cables of the two anchor winches at the rear side of the hull are tightened after passing over the foundation piles of the sunk piles; step S4 is executed again, so as to complete the pile sinking operation of the front row of two foundation piles on the left and right sides of the hull under the current ship position;

[0024] S7. Repeat steps S5 - S6 until the pile sinking operation of multiple rows of front and rear foundation piles in two adjacent left and right columns is completed;

[0025] S8. Move the photovoltaic construction ship to the position between the positions of the foundation piles to be sunk in two adjacent left and right columns, and repeat steps S2 - S7 until the pile sinking operation of multiple rows of front and rear foundation piles in multiple left and right columns is completed.

[0026] In some embodiments, a GPS positioning device and a hull inclinometer are provided on the hull; before the pile sinking operation steps of the foundation piles are executed, a calibration step is further included. The calibration step is carried out in the dock and includes:

[0027] J1. Adjust the working stroke of the first piston rod in each driving mechanism to the zero position, so that each pile gripper is retracted within the hull boundary; also adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod in each arm to the zero position;

[0028] J2. Calibrate the initial position relationship between the U-shaped center of each pile gripper frame and the GPS positioning device, and calibrate the initial position relationship between each second piston rod and the GPS positioning device;

[0029] During the process of executing the pile sinking operation steps of the foundation piles, the measurement and control system real-time obtains the hull position and attitude, and the working strokes of each first piston rod and second piston rod, and combines them with the calibration results of step J2 to real-time know the U-shaped center position of the pile gripper frame, the position and verticality of the foundation piles.

[0030] In some embodiments, an installation operation step of the photovoltaic panel is further included, which includes:

[0031] D1. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms in the four pile grippers to the zero position, and then retract the four pile grippers within the hull boundary; move the photovoltaic construction ship to the position between the sunk foundation piles in two adjacent left and right columns; the four pile grippers extend outwards, and the U-shaped openings of the four frames are respectively sleeved outside the four foundation piles of the front and rear adjacent two rows of the sunk piles on the left and right sides of the hull, and all the arms in each pile gripper extend to hold the foundation piles;

[0032] D2. Hoist a photovoltaic panel onto the top of the photovoltaic construction vessel, and align the four pillars on the back of the photovoltaic panel with the four foundation piles in step D1 one by one; the four sets of lifting support devices on the hull are first raised to support the photovoltaic panel, and then the four sets of lifting support devices are lowered to press the four pillars on the back of the photovoltaic panel onto the four foundation piles in step D1. The pillars are fixed to the foundation piles with expansion screws, thereby completing the installation of the photovoltaic panel;

[0033] D3. Repeat steps D1 to D2 to complete the installation of multiple photovoltaic panels.

[0034] In some embodiments, after step D1 is completed, the measurement and control system combines the current hull position and posture, the working stroke of each first piston rod and the second piston rod, and the calibration result of step J2 to obtain the real-time position of the four piles, and compares it with the theoretical position of the four piles. If the position deviation of any pile exceeds a preset tolerance value, the working stroke of the second piston rod in the pile gripper holding the pile is adjusted to fine-tune the position of the pile.

[0035] Based on the above technical solution, the photovoltaic construction vessel and photovoltaic construction method in the embodiment of the present invention can take into account the dual needs of foundation pile sinking operations and photovoltaic panel installation operations during offshore photovoltaic construction; the pile positions can be accurately adjusted in real time when the hull is floating or sitting on the bottom, reducing the impact of the tide on the pile sinking operation, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of the pile sinking operation; when installing the photovoltaic panels, the photovoltaic construction vessel can be connected to the sunken foundation piles by holding the piles, avoiding changes in the hull posture, allowing the hull to better adapt to changes in tide levels, and the installation of photovoltaic panels is not affected by tide levels, thereby improving the efficiency and convenience of photovoltaic panel installation operations; thereby increasing the construction window period and improving the efficiency and quality of offshore photovoltaic construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 A bird's-eye view of the photovoltaic construction vessel of the present invention Figure 1 (The pile gripper is retracted within the hull boundary);

[0038] Figure 2 A bird's-eye view of the photovoltaic construction vessel of the present invention Figure 2 (the pile gripper extends beyond the hull boundary);

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point A;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a top view after step S1 of the present invention is completed;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a top view after step S4 is completed in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a top view after step S5 of the present invention is completed;

[0043] Figure 7 This is the main view of the photovoltaic panel installation operation in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 A side view of the photovoltaic panel installation operation in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 The figure is a flow chart of the photovoltaic construction method of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Hull; 11. Anchor cable; 12. Hammer storage position; 2. Lifting equipment; 3. Lifting type supporting device; 31. Third cylinder; 32. Third piston rod; 4. Pile holding device; 41. Guide rail; 42. Pile holding device; 43. Frame; 431. Back frame; 432. Frame; 44. Pile holding assembly; 45. Support arm; 451. Second cylinder; 452. Second piston rod; 46. Driving mechanism; 461. First cylinder; 462. First piston rod; 5. Foundation pile; 51. Position for sinking piles; 52. Foundation piles for sinking; 6. Photovoltaic panel; 61. Pillar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] The terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] refer to Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic construction vessel, which is used for sinking piles 5 and installing photovoltaic panels 6 during offshore photovoltaic construction.

[0052] The photovoltaic construction vessel includes a hull 1, a lifting device 2, four anchor winches, four sets of lifting and supporting devices 3 and four sets of pile holding devices 4. The four anchor winches are respectively arranged at the four corners of the hull 1, and are used to shift the anchor or anchor the hull 1. The lifting device 2 is arranged on the deck of the hull 1, and is used to lift and drive the foundation piles 5 during the pile sinking operation; the foundation piles 52 to be sunk can be placed on the deck of the hull 1, and a hammer storage position 12 is provided on the deck, and the vibrating hammer used when driving the foundation piles 5 can be placed at the hammer storage position 12. The four sets of lifting and supporting devices 3 are arranged in a U-shaped shape on the deck of the hull 1, and are used to support and lift the photovoltaic panels 6 during the installation operation.

[0053] Four sets of pile-holding devices 4 are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends on the left and right sides of the hull 1. Each set of pile-holding device 4 includes two guide rails 41, a pile-holder 42 and a driving mechanism 46. The two guide rails 41 are oppositely arranged on the deck of the hull 1, and the length direction of the guide rails 41 is consistent with the left and right direction of the hull 1. The pile-holder 42 includes a frame body 43 and two pile-holding components 44; the frame body 43 is slidably connected to the two guide rails 41 and can reciprocate along the length of the guide rails 41; the frame body 43 is generally in a U shape, and the open direction of the U shape of the frame body 43 faces away from the hull 1; the two pile-holding components 44 are arranged in the frame body 43 and are spaced up and down; each pile-holding component 44 includes at least three telescopic arms 45, and all the telescopic arms 45 are arranged at equal angular intervals around the center of the U shape of the frame body 43; the telescopic arms 45 have telescopic ends that extend and contract towards the center of the U shape, and guide rollers are provided at the telescopic ends; when the telescopic arms 45 extend, the wheel surfaces of the guide rollers are pressed against the outer wall of the foundation pile 5 so that the pile-holding component 44 holds the foundation pile 5; further, when all the telescopic arms 45 are retracted to the shortest, that is, the telescopic ends are retracted to the zero position, the envelope space formed by the telescopic ends of all the telescopic arms 45 is larger than the outer diameter of the foundation pile 5. One end of the driving mechanism 46 is connected to the deck of the hull 1, and the other end is connected to the frame body 43 of the pile-holder 42; the driving mechanism 46 is used to drive the pile-holder 42 to reciprocate along the length direction of the two guide rails 41 so that the pile-holder 42 extends beyond the boundary of the hull 1 or retracts within the boundary of the hull 1.

[0054] It should be noted that the width dimension of the left and right sides of the hull 1 is smaller than the preset distance between two adjacent foundation piles 5 in the left and right adjacent columns, the farthest center distance between the left and right pile-holders 42 after extension is greater than the preset center distance between two adjacent foundation piles 5 in the same row on the left and right, and the center distance between the front and rear pile-holders 42 is equal to the preset center distance between two adjacent foundation piles 5 in the same column in the front and rear; therefore, the size of the hull 1, the center distance between the pile-holders 42, etc. can be designed specifically according to the preset distance between the foundation piles 5, making the photovoltaic construction ship more compact and flexible.

[0055] It is further explained that when the photovoltaic construction ship is used to carry out the pile sinking operation of the foundation pile 5, the hull 1 enters the water and moves to between the waiting pile sinking positions 51 of the two adjacent rows of foundation piles 5 on the left and right sides, the pile grippers 42 on the hull 1 are extended to correspond to the waiting pile sinking positions 51 of the foundation piles 5 on the left and right sides of the hull 1 at this time, and the hull 1 is anchored to complete the rough positioning; the foundation pile 5 is sent into the pile gripper 42, and the support arm 45 on the pile gripper 42 is extended to hold the foundation pile 5. By adjusting the outward extension distance of the pile gripper 42 relative to the hull 1 and / or the telescopic length of the support arm 45, the waiting pile sinking position 51 and the verticality of the foundation pile 5 can be accurately adjusted in real time. During the self-sinking and injection process of the foundation pile 5, all the guide rollers in the pile gripper 42 guide the foundation pile 5. The measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction vessel monitors and adjusts the position and verticality of the foundation piles 5 in real time; therefore, the pile positions can be accurately adjusted in real time when the hull 1 is floating or sitting on the bottom, reducing the impact of the tide on the pile sinking operation; when the photovoltaic construction vessel is used to install the photovoltaic panels 6, the pile gripper 42 is first retracted into the hull 1 and the support arm 45 is retracted to zero position, so that the photovoltaic construction vessel can shuttle between two adjacent rows of foundation piles 5, and the four pile grippers 42 extend outward and hold the four foundation piles 5 that have been sunk, thereby connecting the hull 1 and the foundation piles 5 as one, so that the hull 1 can adapt to changes in tide level and avoid changes in the posture of the hull 1. On this basis, the photovoltaic panels 6 are installed using the lifting support device 3, and the installation of the photovoltaic panels 6 will not be affected by the tide level.

[0056] The photovoltaic construction vessel in the above-mentioned schematic embodiment, through the arrangement of four extendable and retractable pile grippers 42 and retractable support arms 45 in the pile grippers 42, can not only accurately position and guide the foundation piles 5 during pile sinking operations, but also stabilize the posture of the hull 1 during the installation of the photovoltaic panels 6. Therefore, it can take into account the dual needs of pile sinking operations of the foundation piles 5 and installation operations of the photovoltaic panels 6 during offshore photovoltaic construction, improve the efficiency and accuracy of pile sinking operations, improve the efficiency and convenience of photovoltaic panel 6 installation operations, increase the construction window period, and improve the efficiency and quality of offshore photovoltaic construction.

[0057] refer to Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the drive mechanism 46 includes a first hydraulic cylinder comprising a first cylinder barrel 461 and a first piston rod 462 slidably connected within the first cylinder barrel 461. The first cylinder barrel 461 is connected to the deck of the hull 1, with the axial direction of the first cylinder barrel 461 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the guide rail. The end of the first piston rod 462 facing away from the first cylinder barrel 461 is connected to the frame 43. A measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction vessel communicates with the first hydraulic cylinder to monitor and control the stroke of the first piston rod 462 in real time. This illustrative embodiment details the structural arrangement of the drive mechanism 46. When the drive mechanism 46 is operated under the control of the measurement and control system, the first piston rod 462 moves along the first cylinder barrel 461, thereby driving the pile gripper 42 to move along the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 41. By adjusting the stroke of the first piston rod 462, the extension distance of the pile gripper 42 relative to the hull 1 can be controlled.

[0058] refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the support arm 45 includes a second hydraulic cylinder comprising a second cylinder barrel 451 and a second piston rod 452 slidably connected within the second cylinder barrel 451. The second cylinder barrel 451 is connected to the frame 43, with the axial direction of the second cylinder barrel 451 parallel to the extension and retraction direction of the support arm 45. A guide roller is provided at the end of the second piston rod 452 facing away from the second cylinder barrel 451. A measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction vessel communicates with the second hydraulic cylinder to monitor and control the stroke of the second piston rod 452 in real time. This exemplary embodiment details the structural arrangement of the support arm 45. When the support arm 45 operates under the control of the measurement and control system, the second piston rod 452 moves along the second cylinder barrel 451. By adjusting the stroke of the second piston rod 452, the extension length of the telescopic end of the support arm 45 can be adjusted, thereby causing the pile gripper 42 to grip or release the foundation pile 5.

[0059] refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the lifting support device 3 includes a third hydraulic cylinder; the third hydraulic cylinder includes a third cylinder barrel 31 and a third piston rod 32 slidably connected to the third cylinder barrel 31; the third cylinder barrel 31 is connected to the deck of the hull 1, and the axial direction of the third cylinder barrel 31 is perpendicular to the deck surface; the end of the third piston rod 32 facing away from the third cylinder barrel 31 is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel 6. The measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicated with the third hydraulic cylinder to monitor and control the working stroke of the third piston rod 32 in real time. This schematic embodiment refines the structural arrangement of the lifting support device 3; when the lifting support device 3 works under the command of the measurement and control system, the third piston rod 32 moves along the third cylinder barrel 31 to support and lift the photovoltaic panel 6 to be installed.

[0060] refer to Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the frame 43 of the pile gripper 42 includes a back frame 431 and two side frames 432 connected to the back frame 431 at both ends along its length, resulting in a V-shaped frame. The lower portions of the two side frames 432 are slidably connected to the two guide rails 41, respectively. A drive mechanism 46 is connected to the back frame 431. Each pile gripper assembly 44 includes four retractable arms 45, which are symmetrically arranged along the length of the guide rails 41. The fixed ends of the arms 45 are connected to the side frames 432. The four arms 45 can provide a more stable holding force for the foundation pile 5.

[0061] refer to Figures 1-6 、 Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic construction method, which is performed using the aforementioned photovoltaic construction vessel. The photovoltaic construction method includes a pile sinking operation step of a foundation pile 5, which includes:

[0062] S1. Before the photovoltaic construction vessel enters the water, the four pile grippers 42 are retracted into the boundary of the hull 1, and the telescopic ends of all the arms 45 in each pile gripper 42 are retracted to zero position; the photovoltaic construction vessel enters the water and moves to the position 51 between the two adjacent rows of foundation piles 5 to be sunk.

[0063] S2. The two pile grippers 42 at the rear end of the hull 1 extend outwards and make the centers of the two frames 43 correspond preliminarily to the positions 51 of the two foundation piles 5 in the rear rows on the left and right sides of the hull 1. The hull 1 is anchored and positioned, completing the rough positioning of the hull 1.

[0064] S3, the lifting equipment 2 lifts a foundation pile 5 and sets up the pile, and sends the foundation pile 5 into the pile holder 42 through the U-shaped open side of the extended pile holder 42 frame 43; all the support arms 45 in the pile holder 42 are extended to hold the foundation pile 5, and the position and verticality of the foundation pile 5 are adjusted to the correct position by adjusting the extension distance of the pile holder 42 and / or the extension length of the telescopic end of each support arm 45 in the pile holder 42; the foundation pile 5 starts to sink by itself, and after the self-sinking is completed, the connection between the lifting equipment 2 and the foundation pile 5 is released, and the lifting equipment 2 lifts the vibrating hammer to hit the foundation pile after self-sinking 5 is driven until the pile sinking operation of the foundation pile 5 is completed; it should be noted that during the self-sinking and driving process of the foundation pile 5, the position and verticality of the foundation pile 5 are monitored in real time, and the position and verticality of the foundation pile 5 are adjusted by adjusting the outward extension distance of the pile gripper 42 and / or the extension length of the telescopic end of each arm 45 of the pile gripper 42 to ensure the pile sinking accuracy of the foundation pile 5; according to this process, another foundation pile 5 is driven through another outwardly extended pile gripper 42 to complete the pile sinking operation of the two foundation piles 5 on the left and right sides of the hull 1 at the current ship position.

[0065] S4, the two pile grippers 42 at the front end of the hull 1 are extended outward so that the centers of the two frames 43 are preliminarily aligned with the positions 51 of the two foundation piles 5 in the front row on the left and right sides of the hull 1 at this time. Referring to step S3, the two foundation piles 5 are respectively sunk through the two pile grippers 42 extending outward at the front end of the hull 1, thereby completing the sinking operation of the two foundation piles 5 in the front row on the left and right sides of the hull 1 at the current ship position.

[0066] S5. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms 45 of the four pile grippers 42 to zero position to disengage the pile grippers 42 from the sunken piles 5, and then retract the four pile grippers 42 into the boundary of the hull 1; loosen the anchor cables 11 of the two anchor windlasses on the rear side of the hull 1, and use the two anchor windlasses on the front side of the hull 1 to winch the hull 1 forward. The forward movement distance of the hull 1 is equal to the center distance between the two adjacent rows of piles 5.

[0067] S6, the two pile grippers 42 at the rear end of the hull 1 are extended outward, and the U-shaped openings of the two frames 43 are respectively placed outside the two front piles 5 that have been sunk at the previous ship position, and all the arms 45 in the two pile grippers 42 are extended to respectively hold the two foundation piles 5; the anchor cables 11 of the two anchor machines at the rear side of the hull 1 are passed over the sunk foundation piles 5 and then tightened; step S4 is executed again, thereby completing the pile sinking operation of the two front piles 5 on the left and right sides of the hull 1 at the current ship position.

[0068] S7. Repeat steps S5 to S6 until the pile sinking operation of multiple rows of foundation piles 5 in two adjacent left and right columns is completed; it can be understood that in this step, the photovoltaic construction vessel completes the pile sinking operation of two foundation piles 5 at each ship position.

[0069] S8. Move the photovoltaic construction vessel to the position 51 between two adjacent rows of foundation piles 5, and repeat steps S2 to S7 until the pile sinking operation of multiple rows of foundation piles 5 is completed.

[0070] In the above exemplary embodiment, during the pile sinking operation, the two pile grippers 42 at the rear end of the hull 1 at each position are used to grip the two already sunk foundation piles 5 as a positioning measure for the hull 1, thereby avoiding a significant change in the posture of the hull 1. On this basis, the pile sinking operation of the two foundation piles 5 on the left and right sides of the front end of the hull 1 at each position is carried out, thereby realizing quasi-static construction and reducing the difficulty of the pile sinking operation. Moreover, during the pile sinking process, the pile positions can be accurately adjusted in real time by the pile grippers 42 and the support arms 45, thereby improving the accuracy of the pile sinking operation. Furthermore, by setting the guide rollers at the telescopic ends of the pile grippers 42 and the support arms 45, the positioned hull 1 It can adapt to changes in tide level but its posture will not change significantly, which is convenient for pile sinking operations when the hull 1 is floating. Even if the hull 1 is grounded due to too low tide during the pile sinking process, the position 51 of the foundation pile 5 to be sunk and the verticality can still be accurately adjusted in real time by adjusting the outward extension distance of the pile gripper 42 relative to the hull 1 and / or the telescopic length of the support arm 45, thereby realizing pile sinking operations in the bottom-seated state. Therefore, this illustrative embodiment can accurately adjust the pile position in real time when the hull 1 is floating or grounded, thereby reducing the influence of tide level on pile sinking operations, increasing the construction window period, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of pile sinking operations.

[0071] In some embodiments, the hull 1 is provided with a GPS positioning device and an inclinometer of the hull 1; before the pile sinking operation step of the foundation pile 5 is performed, a calibration step is also included. The calibration step is performed in the dock and includes:

[0072] J1. Adjust the working stroke of the first piston rod 462 in each driving mechanism 46 to zero position so that each pile gripper 42 is retracted within the boundary of the hull 1; also adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod 452 in each support arm 45 to zero position so that the support arm 45 is shortened to the minimum.

[0073] J2. Calibrate the initial position relationship between the U-shaped center of each pile gripper 42 frame 43 and the GPS positioning device, and calibrate the initial position relationship between each second piston rod 452 and the GPS positioning device.

[0074] During the pile sinking operation of the foundation pile 5, the measurement and control system obtains the position and posture of the hull 1, the working stroke of each first piston rod 462 and the second piston rod 452 in real time, and combines it with the calibration result of step J2 to obtain the center position of the U-shaped frame 43 of the pile gripper 42, the position and verticality of the foundation pile 5 in real time, and then can accurately adjust the pile position 51 to be sunk and the verticality of the foundation pile 5 in real time to ensure the accuracy of the pile sinking operation.

[0075] refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 、 Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic panel 6 installation operation step is also included, which includes:

[0076] D1. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms 45 of the four pile grippers 42 to zero position, and then retract the four pile grippers 42 into the boundary of the hull 1; move the photovoltaic construction vessel to between two adjacent rows of sunk foundation piles 5 on the left and right sides; extend the four pile grippers 42 and make the U-shaped openings of the four frames 43 respectively cover the outside of the four sunk foundation piles 5 in the two adjacent rows on the left and right sides of the hull 1, and all the arms 45 of each pile gripper 42 extend to hold the foundation piles 5.

[0077] D2. Hoist a photovoltaic panel 6 onto the top of the photovoltaic construction ship, and align the four pillars 61 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 6 with the four foundation piles 5 in step D1 one by one; the four sets of lifting support devices 3 on the hull 1 are first raised to support the photovoltaic panel 6, and then the four sets of lifting support devices 3 are lowered to make the four pillars 61 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 6 press-fit onto the four foundation piles 5 in step D1, and use expansion screws to fix the pillars 61 to the foundation piles 5, thereby completing the installation of the photovoltaic panel 6.

[0078] D3. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms 45 of the four pile grippers 42 to zero position, and then retract the four pile grippers 42 into the boundary of the hull 1; move the photovoltaic construction vessel to between the other four foundation piles 5, and repeat steps D1 to D2 to complete the installation of multiple photovoltaic panels 6.

[0079] In the above-mentioned illustrative embodiment, when the photovoltaic panels 6 are installed, the photovoltaic construction vessel can shuttle between two adjacent rows of foundation piles 5, and the photovoltaic construction vessel is connected to the four sunken foundation piles 5 by holding the piles, so as to avoid changes in the posture of the hull 1. In addition, the setting of the guide rollers in the pile holder 42 can enable the hull 1 to better adapt to changes in the tide level, so that the installation of the photovoltaic panels 6 is not affected by the tide level, the construction window period is increased, and the efficiency and convenience of the photovoltaic panel 6 installation operation are improved.

[0080] In some embodiments, after step D1 is completed, the measurement and control system combines the current position and posture of the hull 1, the working stroke of each first piston rod 462 and the second piston rod 452, and the calibration result of step J2 to obtain the real-time positions of the four foundation piles 5 held by the four pile grippers 42 on the hull 1, and compares the real-time positions with the theoretical positions of the four foundation piles 5. If the position deviation of any foundation pile 5 exceeds a preset tolerance value, the working stroke of the second piston rod 452 in the pile gripper 42 holding the foundation pile 5 is adjusted, that is, the extension length of the support arm 45 in the pile gripper 42 is adjusted to push the foundation pile 5 to move slightly, so as to fine-tune the position of the foundation pile 5.

[0081] In the above-mentioned illustrative embodiment, after the hull 1 and the four sunken foundation piles 5 are embraced and before the photovoltaic panels 6 are installed, the positions of the four sunken foundation piles 5 are checked, and the positions of the sunken foundation piles 5 whose verification results are out of tolerance are fine-tuned by adjusting the extension length of the support arm 45 in the pile gripper 42, thereby avoiding the abnormal situation in which the subsequent photovoltaic panels 6 are difficult to install due to the displacement of the sunken foundation piles 5 due to large wind and wave currents, thereby ensuring the smooth installation of the photovoltaic panels 6.

[0082] In summary, the photovoltaic construction ship and photovoltaic construction method of the present invention can accurately adjust the pile positions in real time when the hull 1 is floating or sitting on the bottom, reducing the influence of the tide on the pile sinking operation, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the pile sinking operation, and by using the two pile holders 42 at the rear end of the hull 1 at each ship position to hold the two piles 5 that have been sunk as a positioning measure for the hull 1, the pile sinking operation of the two foundation piles 5 on the left and right sides of the front end of the hull 1 at each ship position is carried out, thereby realizing quasi-static construction and reducing the difficulty of the pile sinking operation; when installing the photovoltaic panel 6, the pile holding method can be used to avoid changes in the posture of the hull 1, so that the hull 1 can better adapt to changes in the tide level, the installation of the photovoltaic panel 6 is not affected by the tide level, and the efficiency and convenience of the photovoltaic panel 6 installation operation are improved; therefore, the present invention can take into account the dual needs of the foundation pile 5 sinking operation and the photovoltaic panel 6 installation operation during offshore photovoltaic construction, so that offshore photovoltaic construction is integrated, the investment in ship machinery is reduced, the construction window period is increased, the cost of offshore photovoltaic construction is reduced, the efficiency and quality of offshore photovoltaic construction are improved, and a strong guarantee is provided for the continuous and efficient operation of the offshore photovoltaic industrialization.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0084] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention may still be modified or some technical features may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of these should be included in the scope of the technical solutions for which protection is sought.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic construction vessel, characterized in that: The photovoltaic construction ship is used for the pile driving operation of foundation piles and the installation operation of photovoltaic panels during offshore photovoltaic construction. The photovoltaic construction ship includes a hull, a lifting device, four anchor winches, four sets of lifting and supporting devices, and four sets of pile holding devices. Among them, the four anchor winches are respectively arranged at the four corners of the hull and are used for绞锚移位 or anchoring and positioning the hull; the lifting device is arranged on the deck of the hull and is used for lifting and driving the foundation piles during the pile driving operation; the four sets of lifting and supporting devices are arranged in a square shape on the deck of the hull and are used for supporting and lifting the photovoltaic panels during the photovoltaic panel installation operation; the four sets of pile holding devices are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends on both sides of the hull; each set of pile holding device includes: two relatively arranged guide rails, which are arranged on the deck of the hull, and the length direction of the guide rails is the same as the left - right direction of the hull; a pile holder, which includes a frame body and two pile holding components; the frame body is slidably connected to the two guide rails, the frame body is in a U - shaped form and the open direction of its U - shaped form faces away from the hull; the two pile holding components are arranged in the frame body and are spaced up and down; each pile holding component includes at least three telescopic arms, all the telescopic arms are arranged at equal - angle intervals around the center of the U - shaped form of the frame body, the telescopic arms have telescopic ends that extend towards the center of the U - shaped form, and a guiding roller is arranged at the telescopic end, and the wheel surface of the guiding roller is used to press against the outer wall of the foundation pile so that the pile holding component holds the foundation pile; a driving mechanism, one end of which is connected to the deck of the hull and the other end is connected to the frame body; the driving mechanism is used to drive the pile holder to reciprocate along the length direction of the two guide rails so that the pile holder extends beyond the boundary of the hull or retracts within the boundary of the hull.

2. The photovoltaic construction vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder includes a first cylinder barrel and a first piston rod slidably connected in the first cylinder barrel, the first cylinder barrel is connected to the deck of the hull, and the end of the first piston rod背离 the first cylinder barrel is connected to the frame body; the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicatively connected to the first hydraulic cylinder to monitor and regulate the working stroke of the first piston rod in real time.

3. The photovoltaic construction vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic arm includes a second hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder includes a second cylinder barrel and a second piston rod slidably connected in the second cylinder barrel, the second cylinder barrel is connected to the frame body, and the guiding roller is arranged at the end of the second piston rod背离 the second cylinder barrel; the measurement and control system on the photovoltaic construction ship is communicatively connected to the second hydraulic cylinder to monitor and regulate the working stroke of the second piston rod in real time.

4. The photovoltaic construction vessel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting and supporting device includes a third hydraulic cylinder, the third hydraulic cylinder includes a third cylinder barrel and a third piston rod slidably connected in the third cylinder barrel, the third cylinder barrel is connected to the deck of the hull, and the end of the third piston rod背离 the third cylinder barrel is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel.

5. The photovoltaic construction vessel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame of the pile-holding device includes a back frame and two side frames connected to both ends of the back frame in the length direction. The lower parts of the two side frames are respectively slidably connected to two guide rails; each pile-holding component includes four telescopic arms, and the four arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the length direction of the guide rails, and the arms are connected to the side frames; the driving mechanism is connected to the back frame.

6. A photovoltaic construction method, characterized in that: Using the photovoltaic construction ship according to any one of claims 3 to 5, including the pile sinking operation steps of the foundation pile, which include: S1. Before the photovoltaic construction ship enters the water, retract the four pile-holding devices within the hull boundary, and retract the telescopic ends of all the arms in each pile-holding device to the zero position; the photovoltaic construction ship enters the water and moves to the position between the positions of the foundation piles to be sunk in two adjacent columns on the left and right. S2. Extend the two pile-holding devices at the rear end of the hull and make the U-shaped centers of the two frames respectively correspond to the positions of the two foundation piles to be sunk in the rear row on the left and right sides of the hull at this time, and anchor and position the hull. S3. The lifting equipment hoists a foundation pile and stands the pile upright, and sends the foundation pile into the pile-holding device through the open side of the U-shaped of the extended frame of one pile-holding device; all the arms in the pile-holding device extend to hold the foundation pile, and by adjusting the extension distance of the pile-holding device and / or the extension length of the telescopic end of each arm in the pile-holding device, adjust the position and verticality of the foundation pile in place; the foundation pile starts to sink by itself, and after the self-sinking is completed, disconnect the connection between the lifting equipment and the foundation pile, and the lifting equipment hoists a vibrating hammer to drive the self-sunk foundation pile until the pile sinking operation of the foundation pile is completed; during the self-sinking and driving process of the foundation pile, monitor and adjust the position and verticality of the foundation pile in real time; according to this process, sink another foundation pile through the extended other pile-holding device. S4. Extend the two pile-holding devices at the front end of the hull and make the U-shaped centers of the two frames respectively correspond to the positions of the two foundation piles to be sunk in the front row on the left and right sides of the hull at this time; execute step S3 again to complete the pile sinking operation of the two foundation piles in the front row on the left and right sides of the hull at the current ship position. S5. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms in the four pile-holding devices to the zero position, and then retract the four pile-holding devices within the hull boundary; release the anchor cables of the two anchor winches at the rear side of the hull, and use the two anchor winches at the front side of the hull to winch the hull forward, and the forward movement distance of the hull is equal to the center distance between two adjacent rows of foundation piles. S6. Extend the two pile-holding devices at the rear end of the hull and make the U-shaped openings of the two frames respectively cover the outside of the two foundation piles in the front row that have been sunk at the previous ship position, and all the arms in the two pile-holding devices extend to respectively hold the two foundation piles; tighten the anchor cables of the two anchor winches at the rear side of the hull after skipping over the foundation piles that have been sunk; execute step S4 again to complete the pile sinking operation of the two foundation piles in the front row on the left and right sides of the hull at the current ship position. S7. Repeat steps S5 to S6 until the pile sinking operation of the foundation piles in multiple rows before and after in two adjacent columns on the left and right is completed. S8. Move the photovoltaic construction ship to the position between the positions of the foundation piles to be sunk in two adjacent columns on the left and right, and repeat steps S2 to S7 until the pile sinking operation of the foundation piles in multiple rows before and after in multiple columns on the left and right is completed.

7. The photovoltaic construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hull is equipped with a GPS positioning device and a hull inclinometer; before performing the pile driving operation steps of the foundation pile, a calibration step is further included, and the calibration step is carried out in a dock, which includes: J1. Adjust the working stroke of the first piston rod in each of the driving mechanisms to zero, so that each of the pile grippers is retracted within the hull boundary; also adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod in each of the arms to zero; J2. Calibrate the initial position relationship between the U-shaped center of each pile gripper frame and the GPS positioning device, and calibrate the initial position relationship between each second piston rod and the GPS positioning device; During the process of performing the pile driving operation steps of the foundation pile, the measurement and control system real-time obtains the hull position and attitude, and the working strokes of each first piston rod and second piston rod, and combines them with the calibration results of step J2 to real-time know the U-shaped center position of the pile gripper frame, the position and verticality of the foundation pile.

8. The photovoltaic construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes the installation operation steps of photovoltaic panels, which include: D1. Retract the telescopic ends of all the arms in the four pile grippers to zero, and then retract the four pile grippers within the hull boundary; the photovoltaic construction ship moves between two adjacent rows of foundation piles that have been driven; the four pile grippers extend outwards and the U-shaped openings of the four frames are respectively sleeved outside the four foundation piles in the front and back adjacent rows on both sides of the hull, and all the arms in each pile gripper extend to hold the foundation pile; D2. Hoist a photovoltaic panel above the photovoltaic construction ship, and make the four pillars on the back of the photovoltaic panel align with the four foundation piles in step D1 one by one; the four sets of lifting jacking devices on the hull first rise to support the photovoltaic panel, and then the four sets of lifting jacking devices lower so that the four pillars on the back of the photovoltaic panel are pressed against the four foundation piles in step D1, and use expansion screws to fix the pillars to the foundation piles, thus completing the installation operation of the photovoltaic panel; D3. Repeat steps D1 to D2 to complete the installation operations of multiple photovoltaic panels.

9. The photovoltaic construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After step D1 is completed, the measurement and control system combines the hull position and attitude, and the working strokes of each first piston rod and second piston rod at this time with the calibration results of step J2 to obtain the real-time position of the four foundation piles, and compares it with the theoretical positions of the four foundation piles. If the position deviation of any one of the foundation piles exceeds the preset tolerance value, adjust the working stroke of the second piston rod in the pile gripper that holds the foundation pile to finely adjust the position of the foundation pile to the correct position.

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