Ore body roof karst fissure aquifer horizontal water blocking system and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides an ore body roof karst fissure aquifer horizontal water blocking system and a construction method. A horizontal curtain in the ore body roof karst fissure aquifer horizontal water blocking system is arranged above an ore body, and the horizontal curtain is inserted into a water-rich area of a rock stratum in the horizontal direction; the curtain deformation monitoring system is buried in the horizontal curtain, and the curtain deformation monitoring system is electrically connected with the observation end of the earth surface; the underground water level monitoring system is electrically connected with the observation end and comprises at least two detection ends, and the two detection ends are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the horizontal curtain respectively. The horizontal curtain is arranged, the edge of the horizontal curtain is embedded into the water-resisting layer on the periphery of the water-rich area to form a closed water blocking barrier, the vertical supply path of karst fissure water to the ore body is directly cut off, the water inrush risk is reduced from the source, and meanwhile through linkage of the curtain deformation monitoring system and the underground water level monitoring system, the water inrush risk is lowered. And curtain integrity failure and hydraulic gradient abnormity can be early warned in real time, and a time window is provided for emergency rescue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of curtain water blocking technology, and more specifically, relates to a horizontal water blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof. In addition, the present application also relates to a method for constructing a horizontal water blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof. Background Art

[0002] An ore body refers to a comprehensive geological body formed in the earth's crust by geological action, which contains useful mineral resources in a quantity and quality that can be mined and utilized under certain economic and technical conditions.

[0003] Ore bodies are often buried at a certain depth underground. When mining the minerals in the ore bodies, it is often necessary to lay out a tunnel system in order to facilitate the transportation of the minerals and for the layout of ventilation and drainage pipelines.

[0004] However, because ore bodies often pass through water-rich zones in the rock formations, development and mining systems must follow the ore bodies through these water-rich zones. Sudden water bursts from water-rich strata through karst fissures, faults, or poorly sealed boreholes can cause high-pressure groundwater to surge into the mine, potentially leading to tunnel collapse and casualties. Furthermore, continued water seepage increases the amount of water inflow from the mine, placing a strain on the drainage system and potentially causing partial or complete mine flooding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a horizontal water blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the roof of the ore body, so as to cut off the vertical recharge of groundwater in the water-rich area of ​​the mine roof and reduce the risk of water seepage from the rock strata in the water-rich area to the mining system.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide a horizontal water-blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the roof of an ore body, including a horizontal curtain, a curtain deformation monitoring system and a groundwater level monitoring system, wherein the horizontal curtain is arranged above the ore body, and the horizontal curtain is inserted into the water-rich area of ​​the rock formation along the horizontal direction, and the edge of the horizontal curtain is arranged in the relative impermeable layer around the water-rich area; the curtain deformation monitoring system is buried inside the horizontal curtain, the curtain deformation monitoring system is electrically connected to the observation end on the surface, the curtain deformation monitoring system is used to monitor the deformation amount of the horizontal curtain, and display the monitoring data on the observation end in real time; the groundwater level monitoring system is electrically connected to the observation end, and the groundwater level monitoring system includes at least two detection ends, and the two detection ends are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the horizontal curtain to monitor the water level above and below the horizontal curtain in real time, and display them on the observation end.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the curtain deformation monitoring system includes a plurality of fiber grating sensors, which are evenly buried in the horizontal curtain, and each fiber grating sensor is electrically connected to the observation end.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the fiber grating sensor is fixed to the top of a sealing grouting pipe through a protective mechanism. The sealing grouting pipe is inserted into a grouting borehole during the construction of a horizontal curtain. The sealing grouting pipe injects grout into the grouting borehole to seal the grouting borehole opened for constructing the horizontal curtain, and the fiber grating sensor is buried in the horizontal curtain.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the protection mechanism includes a first guard plate, a second guard plate, a plurality of sealing assemblies and a retaining ring, wherein the first guard plate is slidably arranged in the sealing grouting pipe, the side wall of the first guard plate is sealed with the inner wall of the sealing grouting pipe, the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor is arranged at the bottom end of the first guard plate, and the optical fiber of the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor is arranged through the first guard plate, and a plurality of discharge holes are opened on the first guard plate; a plurality of sealing assemblies correspond to the discharge holes one by one, the sealing assemblies block the corresponding discharge holes, and the sealing assemblies can open the discharge holes under the push of the sealing material, and the force for opening the sealing assemblies is greater than the force for pushing the first guard plate to slide, the retaining ring is arranged at the bottom end of the sealing grouting pipe, the inner diameter of the retaining ring is smaller than the diameter of the first guard plate; the diameter of the second guard plate is the same as the inner diameter of the retaining ring, the second guard plate is flush with the bottom surface of the retaining ring, and the second guard plate is sealed with the inner wall of the retaining ring, and a spring is provided between the second guard plate and the bottom end of the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the blocking assembly includes two flip blocks, a flip plate and a torsion spring, wherein the two flip blocks are respectively arranged on both sides of the corresponding discharge hole, and flip holes are provided on the opposite surfaces of the flip blocks; flip shafts are provided on both sides of the flip plate, and the flip shafts are inserted into the flip holes; the torsion spring is provided between the flip shaft and the flip block, and when the torsion spring is in a natural state, the flip plate will block the corresponding discharge hole.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the groundwater level monitoring system includes a plurality of hydrological monitoring holes and two water level sensors arranged in each hydrological monitoring hole. The hydrological monitoring holes are all distributed in the water-rich area, and the hydrological monitoring holes pass through the horizontal curtain. The internal space of the hydrological monitoring hole is divided into a first monitoring area and a second monitoring area. The two water level sensors are respectively arranged in the first monitoring area and the second monitoring area. The first monitoring area is connected to the water-rich area above the horizontal curtain, and the second monitoring area is connected to the water-rich area below the horizontal curtain.

[0012] In one possible implementation, an inner monitoring tube is inserted into the hydrological monitoring hole, the bottom end of the inner monitoring tube is flush with the bottom end of the horizontal curtain, a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the inner monitoring tube, the bottom end of the sealing ring is flush with the bottom end of the inner monitoring tube, and the top end of the sealing ring is flush with the top end of the horizontal curtain, the outer wall of the sealing ring is pressed against the side wall of the hydrological monitoring hole, the inner wall of the hydrological monitoring hole, the outer wall of the inner monitoring tube and the top surface of the sealing ring enclose a first monitoring area, and the inner wall of the hydrological monitoring hole, the bottom surface of the sealing ring and the inner wall of the inner monitoring tube enclose a second monitoring area.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a first water filter tube and a second water filter tube are inserted into the hydrological monitoring hole, the bottom end of the first water filter tube is connected to the top end of the sealing ring, the first water filter tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner monitoring tube, and the area between the first water filter tube and the inner monitoring tube is the first monitoring area; the second water filter tube is connected to the bottom end of the inner monitoring tube, and the internal space of the second water filter tube and the inner monitoring tube is the second monitoring area.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the horizontal water-blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the roof of the ore body provided by the present application is that, compared with the existing technology, the present application forms a closed water-blocking barrier by setting a horizontal curtain and embedding the edge of the horizontal curtain into the aquiclude around the water-rich area, thereby directly cutting off the vertical supply path of the karst fissure water to the mine, reducing the risk of water inrush from the source, and at the same time, through the linkage between the curtain deformation monitoring system and the groundwater level monitoring system, real-time warning of curtain integrity failure and hydraulic gradient anomalies can be given, providing a time window for emergency rescue.

[0015] The present invention also relates to a method for constructing a horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof, which is used to construct the above-mentioned horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof, including: S1, exploring the position of the ore body, the water-rich area and the relative water-isolating area around the water-rich area; S2, excavating a water exploration tunnel in the relative water-isolating area; S3, drilling grouting holes, wherein the grouting holes pass through the water-rich area in a horizontal direction; S4, grouting in sequence to form a horizontal curtain; S5, burying a fiber optic Bragg grating sensor in the horizontal curtain through the grouting hole, and grouting and sealing the hole again; S6, arranging and drilling a hydrological monitoring hole, and arranging a water level sensor in the first monitoring area and the second detection area of ​​the hydrological monitoring hole.

[0016] In a possible implementation, in step S2, a water exploration tunnel is set above the ore body; in step S3, the grouting hole is not less than 10 meters deep into the relatively impermeable area outside the water-rich area.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the method for constructing a horizontal water-blocking system in the karst fissure aquifer on the roof of the ore body provided by the present application is that: compared with the existing technology, the present application avoids blind construction through the process of first exploration and then injection, and the grouting holes are deep into the aquiclude to ensure reliable water blocking at the end of the curtain. At the same time, the grouting sequence of first the periphery and then the center is adopted to form a gradient solidification and reduce slurry loss. By using the above-mentioned construction method, the safety and economy of the construction of the horizontal water-blocking system in the karst fissure aquifer on the roof of the ore body are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the horizontal water-blocking system of the karst fissure aquifer in the roof of the ore body provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A top view of the horizontal water blocking system of the karst fissure aquifer in the roof of the ore body provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protection mechanism in the initial state provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protection mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application when it is being pushed out; Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a protection mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application from one angle; Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the protection mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application from another angle; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of part A; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrological monitoring hole provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1. Horizontal curtain; 2. Water-rich area; 3. Aquiclude; 4. Curtain deformation monitoring system; 5. Groundwater level monitoring system; 6. Roadway; 401, fiber Bragg grating sensor; 402, sealing grouting pipe; 403, protection mechanism; 404, first guard plate; 405, discharge hole; 406, blocking assembly; 407, retaining ring; 408, second guard plate; 409, spring; 410, flip block; 411, flip shaft; 412, torsion spring; 413, flip plate; 501, hydrological monitoring hole; 503, inner monitoring pipe; 504, sealing ring; 505, first water filter pipe; 506, second water filter pipe; 507, water level sensor; 508, first monitoring area; 509, second monitoring area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by this application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] It should be further explained that the drawings and implementation methods of this application mainly describe the concept of this application. On the basis of this concept, some connection relationships, positional relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems, hydraulic systems and control systems, etc. The specific forms and settings may not be fully described. However, on the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of this application, those skilled in the art can implement the above-mentioned specific forms and settings in a familiar manner.

[0023] When an element is referred to as being “fixed to” or “disposed on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0024] The directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0025] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, and "several" means one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0026] Example 1 The horizontal water blocking system of the karst fissure aquifer in the ore body roof provided in this application is now described.

[0027] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 8The horizontal water-blocking system of the karst fissure aquifer in the roof of the ore body includes a horizontal curtain 1, a curtain deformation monitoring system 4 and a groundwater level monitoring system 5, wherein the horizontal curtain 1 is arranged above the ore body, and the horizontal curtain 1 is inserted into the water-rich area 2 of the rock formation along the horizontal direction, and the edge of the horizontal curtain 1 is arranged in the relative impermeable layer 3 around the water-rich area 2; the curtain deformation monitoring system 4 is buried inside the horizontal curtain 1, and the curtain deformation monitoring system 4 is electrically connected to the observation end on the surface. The curtain deformation monitoring system 4 is used to monitor the deformation of the horizontal curtain 1 and display the monitoring data on the observation end in real time; the groundwater level monitoring system 5 is electrically connected to the observation end. The groundwater level monitoring system 5 includes at least two detection ends, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the horizontal curtain 1 to monitor the water level above and below the horizontal curtain 1 in real time and display them on the observation end.

[0028] The beneficial effect of the horizontal water-blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the roof of the ore body provided by this embodiment is as follows: compared with the existing technology, the horizontal water-blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the roof of the ore body provided by this embodiment forms a closed water-blocking barrier by setting a horizontal curtain 1 and embedding the edge of the horizontal curtain 1 into the aquiclude 3 around the water-rich area 2, thereby directly cutting off the vertical supply path of karst water to the mine pit, reducing the risk of water inrush from the source, and at the same time, through the linkage between the curtain deformation monitoring system 4 and the groundwater level monitoring system 5, real-time warning of curtain integrity failure and hydraulic gradient anomalies can be given, providing a time window for emergency rescue.

[0029] In this embodiment, the so-called observation terminal can be selected as a computer, and the monitoring data of the two monitoring systems are uploaded, displayed and stored in the computer in real time. At the same time, an alarm device can also be set to be connected to the computer. When the monitoring data exceeds a threshold, the alarm system will promptly alarm and notify the monitoring personnel.

[0030] In this embodiment, the curtain deformation monitoring system 4 includes multiple fiber grating (FBG) sensors 401, which are evenly distributed within the horizontal curtain 1 and electrically connected to an observation terminal. Fiber grating (FBG) sensors are sensitive to microstrain, and their even distribution allows them to detect localized weaknesses in the curtain, avoiding the blind spots of traditional point sensors. Furthermore, optical signal transmission is immune to electromagnetic interference, making it suitable for the complex electromagnetic environment of mines. In this embodiment, the performance parameters of the fiber grating sensors 401 include a range of ±1500 microstrain, a resolution of 0.1% FS (full scale), an accuracy of 0.3% FS, and an operating temperature range of -30 to +80°C, enabling long-term observation of structural strain changes and state analysis.

[0031] Fiber Bragg grating sensor 401 is secured to the top of a sealing grouting pipe 402 via a protective mechanism 403. Sealing grouting pipe 402 is inserted into the grouting borehole created during the construction of horizontal curtain 1. Grouting pipe 402 injects grout into the grouting borehole to seal the grouting borehole created during the construction of horizontal curtain 1 and embeds fiber Bragg grating sensor 401 within horizontal curtain 1. By using the grouting borehole as a channel for inserting fiber Bragg grating sensor 401, sealing the grouting borehole and pre-embedding the monitoring system are completed simultaneously, minimizing damage to the curtain's integrity from secondary drilling.

[0032] Specifically, the protection mechanism 403 includes a first guard plate 404, a second guard plate 408, a plurality of sealing components 406 and a retaining ring 407, wherein the first guard plate 404 is slidably arranged in the sealing grouting pipe 402, the side wall of the first guard plate 404 is sealed with the inner wall of the sealing grouting pipe 402, the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 401 is arranged at the bottom end of the first guard plate 404, and the optical fiber of the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 401 is arranged through the first guard plate 404, and a plurality of discharge holes 405 are opened on the first guard plate 404; a plurality of sealing components 406 correspond to the discharge holes 405 one by one, and the sealing components 406 will The material hole 405 is blocked, and the sealing assembly 406 can open the discharge hole 405 under the push of the sealing material, and the force to open the sealing assembly 406 is greater than the force to push the first guard plate 404 to slide. The retaining ring 407 is arranged at the bottom end of the sealing grouting pipe 402, and the inner diameter of the retaining ring 407 is smaller than the diameter of the first guard plate 404; the diameter of the second guard plate 408 is the same as the inner diameter of the retaining ring 407, the second guard plate 408 is flush with the bottom surface of the retaining ring 407, and the second guard plate 408 is sealed with the inner wall of the retaining ring 407, and a spring 409 is provided between the second guard plate 408 and the bottom end of the fiber optic grating sensor 401.

[0033] The spring 409 and the second guard plate 408 form a buffer system to prevent the grouting pressure from directly impacting the sensor. The setting of the sealing component 406 allows the pressure of the slurry on the first guard plate 404 to be used as the power to drive the movement of the first guard plate 404. When the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 401 is inserted, it is completely sealed and protected in the sealing grouting pipe 402 to prevent damage to the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 401. During grouting, the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 401 is pushed out of the sealing grouting pipe 402 to maintain the sensitivity of the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 401 detection and prevent the obstruction of the sealing grouting pipe 402 from reducing the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 401's detection of curtain deformation and causing errors. The setting of the retaining ring 407 can block the first guard plate 404, increase the pressure of the slurry on the first guard plate 404, and open the discharge hole 405 to complete the grouting and sealing.

[0034] Specifically, the blocking assembly 406 includes two flip blocks 410, a flip plate 413, and a torsion spring 412. The two flip blocks 410 are located on either side of the corresponding discharge hole 405, with flip holes provided on the opposing surfaces of the flip blocks 410. Flip shafts 411 are provided on both sides of the flip plate 413, and the flip shafts 411 are inserted into the flip holes. The torsion spring 412 is located between the flip shafts 411 and the flip block 410. When the torsion spring 412 is in its natural state, the flip plate 413 blocks the corresponding discharge hole 405. The torsion spring 412 has an adjustable stiffness, ensuring that the flip plate 413 opens only when the grouting pressure is sufficient, preventing premature opening that would prevent the sensor from extending outside the sealing grouting pipe 402. Furthermore, the aforementioned structure is uncomplicated and more convenient to use.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution, the groundwater level monitoring system 5 includes multiple hydrological monitoring holes 501 and two water level sensors 507 arranged in each hydrological monitoring hole 501. The hydrological monitoring holes 501 are evenly distributed in the water-rich area 2, and the hydrological monitoring holes 501 pass through the horizontal curtain 1. The internal space of the hydrological monitoring holes 501 is divided into a first monitoring area 508 and a second monitoring area 509. The two water level sensors 507 are respectively arranged in the first monitoring area 508 and the second monitoring area 509. The first monitoring area 508 is connected to the water-rich area 2 above the horizontal curtain 1, and the second monitoring area 509 is connected to the water-rich area 2 below the horizontal curtain 1.

[0036] The first and second monitoring zones 509 reflect the independent water pressures above and below the curtain, respectively, facilitating separate monitoring of the water levels above and below the horizontal curtain 1. Furthermore, the presence of the first and second monitoring zones 508 and 509 prevents the water-rich areas 2 above and below the horizontal curtain 1 from being connected by the hydrological monitoring holes 501, thereby enhancing the water-isolating effectiveness of the horizontal curtain 1. The multi-hole arrangement captures the spatial heterogeneity of the water-rich areas 2, avoiding the one-sidedness of single-point monitoring. The presence of the hydrological monitoring holes 501 facilitates the calculation of the groundwater flow field, thereby roughly delineating the failure zone of the horizontal curtain 1 for timely repair.

[0037] like Figure 8 As shown, an inner monitoring tube 503 is inserted into the hydrological monitoring hole 501. The bottom end of the inner monitoring tube 503 is flush with the bottom end of the horizontal curtain 1. A sealing ring 504 is provided on the outer wall of the inner monitoring tube 503. The bottom end of the sealing ring 504 is flush with the bottom end of the inner monitoring tube 503, and the top end of the sealing ring 504 is flush with the top end of the horizontal curtain 1. The outer wall of the sealing ring 504 is pressed against the side wall of the hydrological monitoring hole 501. The inner wall of the hydrological monitoring hole 501, the outer wall of the inner monitoring tube 503 and the top surface of the sealing ring 504 enclose a first monitoring area 508. The inner wall of the hydrological monitoring hole 501, the bottom surface of the sealing ring 504 and the inner wall of the inner monitoring tube 503 enclose a second monitoring area 509. The sealing ring 504 is at the same height as the curtain to ensure that the upper and lower water bodies are completely isolated and to avoid water leakage in the monitoring area causing data distortion. Finally, a first water filter pipe 505 and a second water filter pipe 506 are inserted into hydrological monitoring hole 501. The bottom end of first water filter pipe 505 is connected to the top end of sealing ring 504. First water filter pipe 505 is sleeved outside inner monitoring pipe 503. The area between first water filter pipe 505 and inner monitoring pipe 503 is first monitoring zone 508. Second water filter pipe 506 is connected to the bottom end of inner monitoring pipe 503. The space between second water filter pipe 506 and inner monitoring pipe 503 is second monitoring zone 509. The first and second water filter pipes 506 increase the water flow cross-section and improve the response speed of water level sensor 507, making them particularly suitable for scenarios with sudden changes in karst water. They also provide rigid support for hydrological monitoring hole 501, preventing squeezing of water level sensor 507. In this embodiment, the diameter of the first water filter pipe 505 is larger than that of the second water filter pipe 506, and the hydrological monitoring hole 501 is also a variable diameter hole. The diameter of the upper section of the hydrological monitoring hole 501 is larger than the diameter of the lower section of the hydrological monitoring hole 501, which can make the aperture of the water filter pipe graded and balance the monitoring sensitivity and anti-clogging requirements.

[0038] Example 2 The present invention also relates to a method for constructing a horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof, which is used to construct the above-mentioned horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof, including: S1, exploring the position of the ore body, the water-rich area 2 and the relative water-proof area around the water-rich area 2; S2, excavating a water exploration tunnel 6 in the relative water-proof area; S3, drilling grouting holes, and the grouting holes pass through the water-rich area 2 in a horizontal direction; S4, grouting in sequence to form a horizontal curtain 1; S5, burying the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor 401 in the horizontal curtain 1 through the grouting hole, and grouting and sealing the hole again; S6, arranging and drilling a hydrological monitoring hole 501, and arranging a water level sensor 507 in the first monitoring area 508 and the second detection area of ​​the hydrological monitoring hole 501.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the method for constructing a horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer on the roof of a ore body provided by the present application are as follows: compared with the existing technology, the present application avoids blind construction by adopting the process of first exploring and then injecting, the grouting holes are deeply injected into the aquiclude 3 to ensure reliable water blocking at the end of the curtain, and at the same time, the grouting sequence of first the periphery and then the center is adopted to form a gradient solidification and reduce slurry loss. By using the above-mentioned construction method, the safety and economy of constructing a horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer on the roof of a ore body are improved. In step S2, a water exploration tunnel 6 is set above the ore body, which is convenient for construction and reserves a safe thickness.

[0040] In step S3, the grouting hole is inserted into the relative impermeable area outside the water-rich area 2 by no less than 10 meters to ensure that the curtain is reliably bonded to the impermeable layer 3 and to prevent lateral seepage.

[0041] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A horizontal water blocking system for karst fissure aquifers in the roof of an ore body, characterized in that: include: A horizontal curtain (1) is provided above the ore body, and the horizontal curtain (1) is inserted into the water-rich area (2) of the rock formation along the horizontal direction, and the edge of the horizontal curtain (1) is provided in the water-proof layer (3) around the water-rich area (2); A curtain deformation monitoring system (4) is buried inside the horizontal curtain (1), the curtain deformation monitoring system (4) is electrically connected to an observation terminal on the ground surface, and the curtain deformation monitoring system (4) is used to monitor the deformation of the horizontal curtain (1) and display the monitoring data on the observation terminal in real time; A groundwater level monitoring system (5) is electrically connected to the observation end. The groundwater level monitoring system (5) includes at least two detection ends, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the horizontal curtain (1) to monitor the water level above and below the horizontal curtain (1) in real time and display the water level on the observation end.

2. The horizontal water blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the ore body roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curtain deformation monitoring system (4) comprises a plurality of fiber grating sensors (401), wherein the plurality of fiber grating sensors (401) are evenly buried in the horizontal curtain (1), and each fiber grating sensor (401) is electrically connected to the observation end.

3. The horizontal water blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the ore body roof according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fiber grating sensor (401) is fixed to the top of the sealing grouting pipe (402) through a protection mechanism (403). The sealing grouting pipe (402) is inserted into the grouting borehole when the horizontal curtain (1) is constructed. The sealing grouting pipe (402) injects grout into the grouting borehole to seal the grouting borehole opened to construct the horizontal curtain (1), and the fiber grating sensor (401) is buried in the horizontal curtain (1).

4. The horizontal water blocking system for karst fissure aquifers in the ore body roof according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (403) comprises: A first guard plate (404) is slidably disposed in the sealing grouting pipe (402), the side wall of the first guard plate (404) being sealed against the inner wall of the sealing grouting pipe (402), the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor (401) being disposed at the bottom end of the first guard plate (404), and the optical fiber of the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor (401) being arranged through the first guard plate (404), and a plurality of discharge holes (405) being provided on the first guard plate (404); A plurality of blocking components (406) are provided, one-to-one corresponding to the discharge holes (405), the blocking components (406) block the corresponding discharge holes (405), and the blocking components (406) are capable of opening the discharge holes (405) under the push of the sealing material, and the force for opening the blocking components (406) is greater than the force for pushing the first guard plate (404) to slide; A retaining ring (407) is provided at the bottom end of the sealing grouting pipe (402), wherein the inner diameter of the retaining ring (407) is smaller than the diameter of the first guard plate (404); The second guard plate (408) has a diameter that is the same as the inner diameter of the retaining ring (407), the second guard plate (408) is flush with the bottom surface of the retaining ring (407), and the second guard plate (408) and the inner wall of the retaining ring (407) are sealed, and a spring (409) is provided between the second guard plate (408) and the bottom end of the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor (401).

5. The horizontal water blocking system for karst fissure aquifers in the ore body roof according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blocking assembly (406) includes: Two turning blocks (410) are respectively arranged on both sides of the corresponding discharge hole (405), and turning holes are provided on the opposite surfaces of the turning blocks (410); A turning plate (413) is provided with turning shafts (411) on both sides, and the turning shafts (411) are inserted into the turning holes; A torsion spring (412) is provided between the turning shaft (411) and the turning block (410). When the torsion spring (412) is in a natural state, the turning plate (413) blocks the corresponding discharge hole (405).

6. The horizontal water blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the ore body roof according to claim 5, characterized in that: The groundwater level monitoring system (5) comprises a plurality of hydrological monitoring holes (501) and two water level sensors (507) arranged in each hydrological monitoring hole (501), wherein the hydrological monitoring holes (501) are uniformly distributed in the water-rich area (2), and the hydrological monitoring holes (501) penetrate the horizontal curtain (1), and the internal space of the hydrological monitoring hole (501) is divided into a first monitoring area (508) and a second monitoring area (509), and the two water level sensors (507) are respectively arranged in the first monitoring area (508) and the second monitoring area (509), wherein the first monitoring area (508) is connected to the water-rich area (2) above the horizontal curtain (1), and the second monitoring area (509) is connected to the water-rich area (2) below the horizontal curtain (1).

7. The horizontal water blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the ore body roof according to claim 6, characterized in that: An inner monitoring tube (503) is inserted into the hydrological monitoring hole (501), the bottom end of the inner monitoring tube (503) is flush with the bottom end of the horizontal curtain (1), a sealing ring (504) is provided on the outer wall of the inner monitoring tube (503), the bottom end of the sealing ring (504) is flush with the bottom end of the inner monitoring tube (503), and the top end of the sealing ring (504) is flush with the top end of the horizontal curtain (1), the outer wall of the sealing ring (504) is pressed against the side wall of the hydrological monitoring hole (501), the inner wall of the hydrological monitoring hole (501), the outer wall of the inner monitoring tube (503) and the top surface of the sealing ring (504) enclose a first monitoring area (508), and the inner wall of the hydrological monitoring hole (501), the bottom surface of the sealing ring (504) and the inner wall of the inner monitoring tube (503) enclose a second monitoring area (509).

8. The horizontal water blocking system for the karst fissure aquifer in the ore body roof according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first water filter pipe (505) and a second water filter pipe (506) are inserted into the hydrological monitoring hole (501); the bottom end of the first water filter pipe (505) is connected to the top end of the sealing ring (504); the first water filter pipe (505) is sleeved on the outside of the inner monitoring pipe (503); the area between the first water filter pipe (505) and the inner monitoring pipe (503) is a first monitoring area (508); the second water filter pipe (506) is connected to the bottom end of the inner monitoring pipe (503); the internal space between the second water filter pipe (506) and the inner monitoring pipe (503) is a second monitoring area (509).

9. A method for constructing a horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof, for constructing a horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof as claimed in claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: S1, the location of the prospecting ore body, the water-rich area (2), and the relative water-insulated area surrounding the water-rich area (2); S2, digging a water exploration tunnel (6) in the relatively water-proof area; S3, drilling a grouting hole, wherein the grouting hole passes through the water-rich area (2) in a horizontal direction; S4, sequential grouting to form a horizontal curtain (1); S5, embedding the fiber optic Bragg grating sensor (401) into the horizontal curtain (1) through the grouting hole, and grouting and sealing the hole again; S6. Arrange and drill a hydrological monitoring hole (501), and arrange water level sensors (507) in the first monitoring area (508) and the second monitoring area of ​​the hydrological monitoring hole (501).

10. The method for constructing a horizontal water-blocking system for a karst fissure aquifer in a ore body roof according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, a water exploration tunnel (6) is set above the ore body; In step S3, the grouting hole is inserted into the relatively water-repellent area outside the water-rich area (2) to a depth of not less than 10 meters.

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