A bathroom floor heating laying process

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of underfloor heating installation technology, and relates to a process for installing underfloor heating in bathrooms. The process includes: covering the original structural layer with a vapor barrier insulation layer; pouring cement mortar onto the vapor barrier insulation layer and curing it to form a leveling layer; laying modular underfloor heating panels on the leveling layer, leaving expansion joints between the panels, filling the expansion joints with elastic sealant; laying fine-mesh steel wire mesh on the modular underfloor heating panels; pouring heat-conducting mortar onto the fine-mesh steel wire mesh and curing it to form a heat-conducting layer; applying a waterproof coating to the heat-conducting layer and allowing it to dry to form a waterproof layer; and finally, laying tiles on the waterproof layer. The installation process provided by this invention achieves the comprehensive goals of ensuring floor structural safety, reliable waterproofing, and long-lasting thermal comfort, significantly extending the service life of the bathroom underfloor heating system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underfloor heating installation technology, and relates to a process for installing underfloor heating in bathroom floors. Background Technology

[0002] The installation of bathroom underfloor heating systems faces two major challenges: firstly, the risk of moisture seepage and structural erosion in humid environments; and secondly, stress damage caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the heating pipes. Traditional methods often involve encasing the heating pipes in a single layer of poured concrete. While this ensures efficient heat conduction, the rigid structure cannot absorb temperature deformation, leading to frequent cracking of the filling layer. These cracks become channels for moisture seepage, weakening the waterproofing and causing accumulated moisture to create steam pressure under continuous heating, further widening the cracks and ultimately leading to a chain reaction of problems, including tile delamination, floor leaks, and even water seepage into the ceiling below. Some improvements attempt to add an elastic underlayment above the waterproofing layer to buffer thermal stress, but this structure often suffers from poor thermal conductivity, hindering heat transfer and increasing energy consumption. Furthermore, improper treatment of the underlayment joints can create new weak points for leakage. More importantly, the bathroom area has complex structures such as floor drains and pipe openings, making it difficult for conventional processes to achieve long-term synergy between thermal deformation and leak prevention during dynamic use. This structural defect restricts the reliability and service life of the bathroom floor heating system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a bathroom floor heating installation process that achieves the comprehensive goals of floor structure safety, waterproof reliability, and long-lasting thermal comfort, and significantly improves the service life of the bathroom floor heating system.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a process for installing underfloor heating in bathrooms, the process comprising:

[0006] Step S1: Cover the original structural layer with a vapor barrier insulation layer, pour cement mortar on the vapor barrier insulation layer, and form a leveling layer after curing.

[0007] Step S2: Lay modular floor heating panels on the leveling layer, leaving expansion joints between the panels, filling the expansion joints with elastic sealant, and laying fine wire mesh on the modular floor heating panels.

[0008] Step S3: Pour thermally conductive mortar onto the fine-mesh wire mesh, and after curing, form a thermally conductive layer. Apply waterproof coating to the thermally conductive layer, and after drying, form a waterproof layer. Lay tiles on the waterproof layer.

[0009] The bathroom floor heating system provided by this invention ensures dryness through a bottom vapor barrier insulation layer, addresses thermal stress damage issues by using modular heating panels and elastic sealant to fill expansion joints, enhances structural integrity with fine-mesh steel wire mesh, and optimizes heat transfer with highly efficient thermally conductive mortar. Finally, the waterproof layer is placed in the safest area least susceptible to thermal stress damage, ensuring its long-term integrity and effectiveness even in the harsh environment of a humid bathroom with fluctuating temperatures. Simultaneously, the heating system operates efficiently and stably, fundamentally solving the problems of waterproofing failure and structural damage caused by the combined effects of a humid bathroom environment and thermal stress from the heating system. Ultimately, this achieves the comprehensive goals of structural safety, reliable waterproofing, and sustained thermal comfort, significantly extending the lifespan of the bathroom heating system.

[0010] This invention covers the original structural layer with a vapor barrier insulation layer. This layer not only provides the necessary thermal insulation performance, but more importantly, it forms an effective vapor barrier, blocking the upward penetration of moisture from the concrete floor slab or foundation. This prevents water vapor from corroding the upper materials and the underfloor heating system, creating a relatively dry and stable substrate environment for the entire floor installation. A cement mortar leveling layer, poured and cured on top of this, ensures the flatness and strength required for subsequent construction, providing a solid and deformation-resistant support platform for the subsequent installation of modular underfloor heating panels.

[0011] This invention lays modular underfloor heating panels on a leveling layer, with expansion joints between the panels filled with elastic sealant such as polyurethane. When the underfloor heating system is running, the pipes expand due to heat, generating enormous stress. The elastic sealant in the expansion joints acts as a "buffer zone" to absorb and release thermal stress, allowing for slight relative displacement between adjacent underfloor heating panels. This effectively disperses and resolves the thermal expansion force that was originally concentrated in the overall structure, completely avoiding the through cracks caused by excessive rigidity and lack of deformation space in traditional monolithic cast-in-place underfloor heating layers, and effectively solving the problem of thermal stress damage.

[0012] This invention lays fine-mesh steel wire mesh on modular underfloor heating panels, which acts as a "bridge" and "reinforcement". The steel wire mesh covers and connects the individual modular underfloor heating panels, integrating them into a whole load-bearing surface layer. This not only enhances the overall structural integrity, disperses localized concentrated stress, and inhibits the generation and propagation of micro-cracks, but more importantly, it provides a stable skeleton support and a reliable bonding interface for the heat-conducting mortar poured on top, ensuring a tight bond between the heat-conducting layer and the modular underfloor heating panels.

[0013] This invention involves pouring a heat-conducting mortar (containing modified alumina, carbon fiber, and other components) onto a fine-mesh steel wire mesh, replacing traditional concrete. This significantly improves heat transfer efficiency, allowing underfloor heating heat to be transferred more evenly and quickly upwards, reducing heat loss. More importantly, this invention places a waterproof layer between the heat-conducting layer and the tile surface. The heat-conducting layer itself already possesses good crack resistance and directly bears the main thermal stress, while the waterproof layer above it is in a region with relatively stable temperature changes, primarily resisting minor stress from the tile surface and moisture penetration during use. This allows the waterproof layer to avoid the most intense thermal expansion and contraction cycles, greatly reducing the risk of cracking and failure due to repeated stress fatigue.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, the vapor barrier insulation layer is an extruded polystyrene insulation board.

[0015] In some optional instances, the thickness of the vapor barrier is 20 to 30 mm, for example, 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 24 mm, 25 mm, 26 mm, 27 mm, 28 mm, 29 mm or 30 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0016] In some alternative examples, the cement mortar consists of silicate cement, graded quartz sand, limestone powder, polypropylene fiber, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and water.

[0017] In some optional examples, the cement mortar, with a mass fraction of 100 wt%, comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0018] Portland cement 20~25wt%;

[0019] Graded quartz sand 65~70wt%;

[0020] 5-8 wt% limestone powder

[0021] Polypropylene fiber 0.1~0.15wt%;

[0022] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.2~0.3wt%;

[0023] The remainder is water.

[0024] The mass fraction of silicate cement can be 20wt%, 20.5wt%, 21wt%, 21.5wt%, 22wt%, 22.5wt%, 23wt%, 23.5wt%, 24wt%, 24.5wt%, or 25wt%; the mass fraction of graded quartz sand can be 65wt%, 65.5wt%, 66wt%, 66.5wt%, 67wt%, 67.5wt%, 68wt%, 68.5wt%, 69wt%, 69.5wt%, or 70wt%; and the mass fraction of limestone powder can be 5.0wt%, 5.2wt%, 5.4wt%, 5.6wt%, 5.8wt%, 6.0wt%, 6.2wt%, 6.4wt%, 6.6wt%, 6.8wt%, 7.0wt%, or 70wt%. The mass fraction of polypropylene fiber can be 0.1wt%, 0.105wt%, 0.11wt%, 0.115wt%, 0.12wt%, 0.125wt%, 0.13wt%, 0.135wt%, 0.14wt%, 0.145wt%, or 0.15wt%, and the mass fraction of polycarboxylate superplasticizer can be 0.2wt%, 0.21wt%, 0.22wt%, 0.23wt%, 0.24wt%, 0.25wt%, 0.26wt%, 0.27wt%, 0.28wt%, 0.29wt%, or 0.3wt%, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0025] The graded quartz sand forms a dense skeletal structure, with fine sand effectively filling the voids between coarse sand particles, while the coarse sand provides the main support. The 0.5–1 mm and 1–3 mm particle size gradation significantly reduces the mortar's porosity, greatly improving its density and compressive strength, ensuring the leveling layer has sufficient load-bearing capacity to withstand the loads from the upper layers. Simultaneously, the tightly packed aggregate structure reduces the amount of cement paste used, lowering the risk of cracking due to cement hydration shrinkage and subsequent drying shrinkage.

[0026] The addition of limestone powder further fills the tiny voids between the graded quartz sand, making the structure denser and improving the impermeability of the leveling layer. More importantly, limestone powder can partially participate in the hydration reaction, generating additional hydration products (such as calcium aluminate monohydrate), which not only further improves the strength of the leveling layer but also optimizes its pore structure, reduces the proportion of harmful macropores, and improves the toughness and long-term volume stability of the cement mortar.

[0027] Polypropylene fibers, uniformly dispersed in cement mortar, can effectively bind the mortar matrix during the plastic stage of the mortar, significantly reducing the generation of early plastic shrinkage cracks. After the mortar hardens, the polypropylene fibers are uniformly distributed in the matrix in a three-dimensional network structure. When the leveling layer generates small tensile stress due to temperature difference or drying shrinkage, the polypropylene fibers can bridge the cracks, absorb and disperse the energy, effectively prevent the expansion and penetration of micro-cracks, and greatly improve the crack resistance and toughness of the leveling layer.

[0028] This invention utilizes silicate cement to provide core cementing action, graded quartz sand to construct a dense skeleton, limestone powder for fine filling, and polypropylene fiber for crack resistance and toughening. The complementary advantages and synergistic effects of each component result in a leveling layer with comprehensive properties such as high strength, high density, low shrinkage, excellent crack resistance, and good workability.

[0029] In some optional instances, the graded quartz sand consists of fine and coarse sand of different particle sizes.

[0030] In some optional examples, the particle size of the fine sand is 0.5 to 1 mm, for example, it can be 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.75 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.85 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.95 mm or 1 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0031] In some alternative examples, the particle size of the coarse sand is 1 to 3 mm, for example, it can be 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.8 mm or 3.0 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0032] In some optional instances, the mass ratio of fine sand to coarse sand is 1:(2~3), for example, it can be 1:2.0, 1:2.1, 1:2.2, 1:2.3, 1:2.4, 1:2.5, 1:2.6, 1:2.7, 1:2.8, 1:2.9 or 1:3.0, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0033] In some optional instances, the thickness of the leveling layer is 20 to 30 mm, for example, it can be 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 24 mm, 25 mm, 26 mm, 27 mm, 28 mm, 29 mm or 30 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0034] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S2, the modular floor heating board is a honeycomb aluminum substrate with embedded floor heating pipes.

[0035] In some optional examples, the honeycomb aperture of the aluminum honeycomb substrate is 8 to 12 mm, for example, it can be 8.0 mm, 8.5 mm, 9.0 mm, 9.5 mm, 10.0 mm, 10.5 mm, 11.0 mm, 11.5 mm or 12.0 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0036] In some alternative examples, the thickness of the honeycomb aluminum substrate is 1.2 to 1.5 mm, for example, it can be 1.2 mm, 1.25 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.35 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.45 mm or 1.5 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0037] In some optional instances, the width of the expansion joint is 5 to 8 mm, for example, it can be 5.0 mm, 5.2 mm, 5.4 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.8 mm, 6.0 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.8 mm, 7.0 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.8 mm or 8.0 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0038] In some optional instances, the elastic sealant is a polyurethane elastic sealant.

[0039] In some optional instances, the mesh count of the fine wire mesh is 6 to 10 mesh, for example, it can be 6 mesh, 7 mesh, 8 mesh, 9 mesh or 10 mesh, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0040] Traditional underfloor heating systems typically use flexible plastic pipes (such as PEX and PERT) manually coiled and fixed on the insulation layer. This method has inherent drawbacks: the pipes themselves lack rigidity, relying solely on a later-cast concrete filler layer to fix their position and conduct heat. This leads to two problems: firstly, once the concrete hardens, it forms a rigid whole, and the enormous stress generated by the thermal expansion and contraction of the pipes cannot be effectively released, easily causing cracks in the filler layer; secondly, heat transfer from the pipes to the tile surface must penetrate a relatively thick concrete layer with poor thermal conductivity (usually over 50mm), resulting in high thermal resistance, slow response, and high energy consumption. Furthermore, in the humid environment of a bathroom, cracks in the concrete layer can become channels for water seepage.

[0041] The modular underfloor heating panel used in this invention employs a honeycomb aluminum substrate as a carrier, with the underfloor heating pipes pre-embedded within it. Honeycomb aluminum itself is lightweight, high-strength, has excellent thermal conductivity, and a porous structure. The advantages of this structure are:

[0042] As a direct and efficient heat carrier for underfloor heating pipes, the heat from the pipes is rapidly absorbed by the aluminum material through the tightly contacted honeycomb walls and quickly diffused laterally to the entire surface of the plate via the highly thermally conductive aluminum plate network. The honeycomb structure provides a huge specific surface area, which greatly accelerates the rate of upward heat transfer. This is equivalent to embedding a highly efficient "heat spreader" between the underfloor heating pipes and the upper structure, significantly reducing thermal resistance and improving the thermal response speed and the uniformity of heat distribution.

[0043] The honeycomb aluminum substrate possesses excellent rigidity and toughness, providing physical support and fixation for the underfloor heating pipes, eliminating the need for a thick concrete layer to secure their position. More importantly, the modular installation method requires expansion joints to be reserved between the panels and filled with elastic sealant. When the embedded underfloor heating pipes expand due to heat, the entire aluminum substrate unit also undergoes slight expansion deformation. The reserved expansion joints provide a buffer space for adjacent modules to compress or expand, while the filled elastic sealant effectively absorbs and releases this deformation energy. This disperses the enormous internal stress that would otherwise act on the overall structure into the elastic deformation of the expansion joints, preventing through cracks caused by thermal expansion and contraction.

[0044] The honeycomb aluminum substrate itself possesses sufficient rigidity and strength, forming a flat and stable construction surface after installation. The fine wire mesh laid on it can interlock well with the honeycomb structure and is tightly bonded by the subsequently poured thermally conductive mortar. The honeycomb holes provide anchoring points for the mortar, firmly bonding the thermally conductive layer, wire mesh, and modular underfloor heating board to form an integral composite load-bearing structural layer. Its overall strength and deformation resistance far exceed those of traditional coil structures that are only encased in concrete.

[0045] This invention integrates underfloor heating pipes into a standardized honeycomb aluminum substrate, transforming on-site construction from tedious manual pipe coiling to efficient modular assembly. This greatly reduces human error in construction, such as uneven spacing or excessively small bending radii, thereby improving construction accuracy and efficiency and shortening the construction period.

[0046] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, the thermally conductive mortar includes silicate cement, graded quartz sand, modified alumina, modified carbon fiber, silica fume, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and water.

[0047] In some optional examples, the thermally conductive mortar, with a mass fraction of 100 wt%, comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0048] 25-30 wt% silicate cement

[0049] Graded quartz sand 55~60wt%;

[0050] 8-10 wt% modified alumina

[0051] Modified carbon fiber 0.1~0.2wt%;

[0052] 3-4 wt% silica fume

[0053] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.7~1wt%;

[0054] The remainder is water.

[0055] This invention introduces modified alumina high thermal conductivity filler and reinforcing modified carbon fiber into thermally conductive mortar. The α-Al₂O₃ powder, surface-treated with a silane coupling agent, significantly improves interfacial compatibility and dispersibility with the cement matrix, preventing agglomeration. The extremely high thermal conductivity of alumina itself makes it a highly efficient heat transfer medium. These micron-sized modified particles are uniformly dispersed in the mortar, forming a dense network of thermally conductive microchannels, greatly enhancing the thermal conductivity of the mortar. This not only accelerates the upward transfer of heat from underfloor heating and reduces heat loss, but also achieves uniform heat diffusion in the horizontal direction, effectively eliminating localized hot or cold spots and ensuring a uniform and comfortable temperature distribution on the tile surface.

[0056] Graded silica sand provides the aggregate skeleton, and the particle size distribution of 0.1~0.3mm and 0.4~0.6mm ensures close packing between aggregate particles, minimizing porosity and improving density and basic strength. This high-density structure itself also facilitates heat transfer and provides a stable support framework for the high proportion of modified alumina thermally conductive filler, preventing it from settling or compromising the integrity of the aggregate structure.

[0057] The addition of a small amount of modified carbon fiber can significantly improve the toughness and crack resistance of the material. The fine modified carbon fiber is evenly distributed in three dimensions in the thermally conductive mortar, forming a micro-reinforcing network. During the plastic stage of the mortar, the modified carbon fiber can effectively inhibit plastic shrinkage cracks caused by water loss or settlement. During the hardened use stage, when the thermally conductive layer generates small tensile stress due to temperature changes or constrained shrinkage, the modified carbon fiber can cross potential micro-cracks, play a bridging and stress transfer role, absorb and disperse energy, greatly inhibit the initiation and propagation of cracks, significantly improve the crack resistance and toughness of the thermally conductive layer, ensure its long-term integrity as the main structural layer of the underfloor heating system, and prevent water seepage channels or reduced thermal conductivity due to cracking.

[0058] The ultrafine particles of silica fume effectively fill the tiny voids between cement particles and between cement and aggregates, as well as between cement and thermally conductive fillers, resulting in a denser and defect-free microstructure. This not only further enhances the strength and impermeability of the mortar but also optimizes the heat transfer path and reduces interfacial thermal resistance. Simultaneously, silica fume exhibits high pozzolanic activity, reacting with calcium hydroxide, a cement hydration product, to generate more low-calcium silicate (CSH) gel. This gel structure is denser and stronger, optimizing the pore structure of the thermally conductive layer. It refines the pore size, reduces the proportion of harmful macropores, and significantly improves the strength, durability, and interfacial adhesion between the thermally conductive layer and the upper waterproofing layer.

[0059] The mass fraction of silicate cement can be 25wt%, 25.5wt%, 26wt%, 26.5wt%, 27wt%, 27.5wt%, 28wt%, 28.5wt%, 29wt%, 29.5wt%, or 30wt%; the mass fraction of graded quartz sand can be 55wt%, 55.5wt%, 56wt%, 56.5wt%, 57wt%, 57.5wt%, 58wt%, 58.5wt%, 59wt%, 59.5wt%, or 60wt%; the mass fraction of modified alumina can be 8.0wt%, 8.2wt%, 8.4wt%, 8.6wt%, 8.8wt%, 9.0wt%, 9.2wt%, 9.4wt%, 9.6wt%, 9.8wt%, or 10.0wt%; and the mass fraction of modified carbon fiber... The mass fraction can be 0.1wt%, 0.11wt%, 0.12wt%, 0.13wt%, 0.14wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.16wt%, 0.17wt%, 0.18wt%, 0.19wt%, or 0.2wt%, the mass fraction of silica fume can be 3.0wt%, 3.1wt%, 3.2wt%, 3.3wt%, 3.4wt%, 3.5wt%, 3.6wt%, 3.7wt%, 3.8wt%, 3.9wt%, or 4.0wt%, and the mass fraction of polycarboxylate superplasticizer can be 0.7wt%, 0.75wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.85wt%, 0.9wt%, 0.95wt%, or 1wt%, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range also apply.

[0060] In some optional instances, the graded quartz sand consists of fine and coarse sand.

[0061] In some optional instances, the particle size of the fine sand is 0.1 to 0.3 mm, for example, it can be 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.16 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.24 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.28 mm or 0.3 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0062] In some alternative examples, the particle size of the coarse sand is 0.4 to 0.6 mm, for example, it can be 0.4 mm, 0.42 mm, 0.44 mm, 0.46 mm, 0.48 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.52 mm, 0.54 mm, 0.56 mm, 0.58 mm or 0.6 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0063] In some optional instances, the mass ratio of the fine sand to the coarse sand is 1:(1.5~1.8), for example, it can be 1:1.5, 1:1.55, 1:1.6, 1:1.65, 1:1.7, 1:1.75 or 1:1.8, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified alumina is obtained by modifying α-Al2O3 powder with a silane coupling agent.

[0065] In some optional examples, the modified alumina is prepared by the following method:

[0066] A coupling agent solution was obtained by mixing a silane coupling agent with an aqueous ethanol solution. An acetic acid solution was then added dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH value. Subsequently, α-Al2O3 powder was added to the coupling agent solution, and the mixture was subjected to water bath heating and ultrasonic treatment. Finally, the modified alumina was obtained by filtration, washing, and drying.

[0067] In some optional instances, the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent in the coupling agent solution is 1.5 to 2.5 wt%, for example, it can be 1.5 wt%, 1.6 wt%, 1.7 wt%, 1.8 wt%, 1.9 wt%, 2.0 wt%, 2.1 wt%, 2.2 wt%, 2.3 wt%, 2.4 wt%, or 2.5 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0068] In some alternative instances, an acetic acid solution is added dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH value to 4.5 to 5.5, for example, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, or 5.5, but not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0069] In some optional instances, the particle size of the α-Al2O3 powder is 3 to 5 μm, for example, it can be 3.0 μm, 3.2 μm, 3.4 μm, 3.6 μm, 3.8 μm, 4.0 μm, 4.2 μm, 4.4 μm, 4.6 μm, 4.8 μm or 5.0 μm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0070] In some optional instances, the ratio of the α-Al₂O₃ powder to the coupling agent solution is 1 g:(10~15) mL, for example, it can be 1 g:10 mL, 1 g:10.5 mL, 1 g:11 mL, 1 g:11.5 mL, 1 g:12 mL, 1 g:12.5 mL, 1 g:13 mL, 1 g:13.5 mL, 1 g:14 mL, 1 g:14.5 mL or 1 g:15 mL, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0071] In some optional instances, the water bath heating temperature is 60~70°C, for example, it can be 60°C, 61°C, 62°C, 63°C, 64°C, 65°C, 66°C, 67°C, 68°C, 69°C or 70°C, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0072] In some optional instances, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic treatment is 300 to 500 W, for example, 300 W, 320 W, 340 W, 360 W, 380 W, 400 W, 420 W, 440 W, 460 W, 480 W or 500 W, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0073] In some optional instances, the duration of the ultrasound treatment is 30 to 40 minutes, for example, 30 minutes, 31 minutes, 32 minutes, 33 minutes, 34 minutes, 35 minutes, 36 minutes, 37 minutes, 38 minutes, 39 minutes, or 40 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0074] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified carbon fiber is prepared by the following method:

[0075] Short-cut carbon fibers were immersed in a phosphoric acid solution, then removed and washed until neutral, immersed in a polyacrylamide solution for ultrasonic dispersion, and then removed for filtration and drying to obtain the modified carbon fibers.

[0076] While traditional carbon fibers possess high thermal conductivity and strength, they are prone to agglomeration or debonding in cement matrices due to poor interfacial compatibility, leading to localized stress concentration points. This invention fundamentally optimizes the synergistic effect between the fiber and the matrix through a dual modification process: pretreatment with phosphoric acid solution combined with polyacrylamide coating. The phosphoric acid solution etches the fiber surface at 70-80°C, forming oxygen-containing functional groups and micro / nano-scale rough structures, significantly increasing the specific surface area and reactivity. This creates conditions for subsequent chemical bonding with polyacrylamide. Positively charged polyacrylamide molecular chains bind to the negatively charged fiber surface through electrostatic interactions, forming a uniform polymer coating layer under ultrasonic dispersion. This coating layer enhances the chemical affinity between the fiber and cement hydration products and imparts interfacial energy dissipation capabilities through the elastic deformation of the molecular chains.

[0077] During the curing and application stages of thermally conductive mortar, modified carbon fiber exhibits a three-dimensional network reinforcement effect. When the cement matrix experiences shrinkage stress due to sudden temperature changes, firstly, the strong interface formed between the polymer coating layer on the fiber surface and the matrix enables the fiber to effectively bridge microcracks and distribute local stress throughout the network; secondly, the micro-rough structure on the fiber surface generates a mechanical interlocking effect, hindering crack propagation along the interface; and thirdly, the viscoelastic behavior of the polyacrylamide molecular chains can absorb impact energy, and under thermal cycling loads, the destructive energy is consumed through the extension and retraction of the molecular chains.

[0078] Furthermore, modified carbon fibers optimize the heat transfer path. Untreated carbon fibers, due to their high interfacial thermal resistance, cannot fully utilize their excellent thermal conductivity. After modification with polyacrylamide, the phonon matching degree of the fiber-matrix interface is improved. Combined with the increased contact area from the surface microgrooves, heat is efficiently transferred along the fiber axis. When the heat from the modular underfloor heating panel is conducted upward through the honeycomb aluminum substrate, the modified carbon fiber network forms secondary heat conduction channels in the mortar layer, together with the modified alumina particles, to construct a "trunk-branch" composite heat conduction system. This multi-level heat conduction structure not only accelerates the longitudinal heat transfer but also achieves horizontal temperature equilibrium, eliminating the expansion difference caused by local overheating and reducing the risk of thermal stress damage from the source.

[0079] In some alternative instances, the phosphoric acid solution has a mass fraction of 10 to 20 wt%, for example, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt%, 19 wt%, or 20 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0080] In some alternative examples, the length of the chopped carbon fiber is 0.3 to 0.5 mm, for example, 0.3 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.34 mm, 0.36 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.42 mm, 0.44 mm, 0.46 mm, 0.48 mm or 0.5 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0081] In some alternative examples, the immersion temperature of the chopped carbon fibers in the phosphoric acid solution is 70-80°C, for example, 70°C, 71°C, 72°C, 73°C, 74°C, 75°C, 76°C, 77°C, 78°C, 79°C or 80°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0082] In some alternative examples, the immersion time of the chopped carbon fibers in the phosphoric acid solution is 20 to 30 minutes, for example, 20 minutes, 21 minutes, 22 minutes, 23 minutes, 24 minutes, 25 minutes, 26 minutes, 27 minutes, 28 minutes, 29 minutes or 30 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0083] In some alternative examples, the polyacrylamine solution consists of polyacrylamine and an aqueous ethanol solution.

[0084] In some optional instances, the mass fraction of polyacrylamide in the polyacrylamide solution is 1 to 2 wt%, for example, it may be 1.0 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.2 wt%, 1.3 wt%, 1.4 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 1.6 wt%, 1.7 wt%, 1.8 wt%, 1.9 wt%, or 2.0 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0085] In some optional instances, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 400-500W, for example, it can be 400W, 410W, 420W, 430W, 440W, 450W, 460W, 470W, 480W, 490W or 500W, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0086] In some optional instances, the ultrasonic dispersion time is 20 to 30 minutes, for example, 20 minutes, 21 minutes, 22 minutes, 23 minutes, 24 minutes, 25 minutes, 26 minutes, 27 minutes, 28 minutes, 29 minutes or 30 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0087] In some alternative instances, the drying temperature is 100~120°C, for example, 100°C, 102°C, 104°C, 106°C, 108°C, 110°C, 112°C, 114°C, 116°C, 118°C or 120°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0088] In some optional instances, the drying time is 100 to 120 minutes, for example, 100 minutes, 102 minutes, 104 minutes, 106 minutes, 108 minutes, 110 minutes, 112 minutes, 114 minutes, 116 minutes, 118 minutes or 120 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0089] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, the thickness of the heat-conducting layer is 25~35mm, for example, it can be 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 29mm, 30mm, 31mm, 32mm, 33mm, 34mm or 35mm, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0090] In some optional instances, in step S3, the waterproof coating comprises an acrylic emulsion, silicate cement, modified quartz powder, modified mica flakes, a water-repellent agent, an antifoaming agent, and water.

[0091] In some optional examples, the waterproof coating, with a mass fraction of 100 wt%, comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0092] 40-45 wt% acrylic emulsion;

[0093] 25-30 wt% silicate cement

[0094] Modified quartz powder 15~20wt%;

[0095] Modified mica flakes 3~5wt%;

[0096] Water-repellent agent 0.5~1wt%;

[0097] Defoamer 0.1~0.3wt%;

[0098] The remainder is water.

[0099] The acrylic emulsion can have a mass fraction of 40wt%, 40.5wt%, 41wt%, 41.5wt%, 42wt%, 42.5wt%, 43wt%, 43.5wt%, 44wt%, 44.5wt%, or 45wt%; the silicate cement can have a mass fraction of 25wt%, 25.5wt%, 26wt%, 26.5wt%, 27wt%, 27.5wt%, 28wt%, 28.5wt%, 29wt%, 29.5wt%, or 30wt%; the modified quartz powder can have a mass fraction of 15wt%, 15.5wt%, 16wt%, 16.5wt%, 17wt%, 17.5wt%, 18wt%, 18.5wt%, 19wt%, 19.5wt%, or 20wt%; and the modified mica flakes can have a mass fraction of 3.0wt%. The mass fractions of the water-repellent agent can be 0.5wt%, 0.55wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.65wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.75wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.85wt%, 0.9wt%, 0.95wt%, or 1wt%, and the mass fraction of the defoamer can be 0.1wt%, 0.12wt%, 0.14wt%, 0.16wt%, 0.18wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.22wt%, 0.24wt%, 0.26wt%, 0.28wt%, or 0.3wt%, but are not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range also apply.

[0100] The core components of the waterproof coating provided by this invention are acrylic emulsion and silicate cement. The acrylic emulsion, as the main film-forming substance, forms a continuous, dense, and elastic polymer film after curing, achieving waterproofing and seepage prevention. Its high elasticity effectively absorbs stress deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction from the tile surface and the underlying underfloor heating, preventing brittle cracking of the waterproof layer. The addition of silicate cement provides rigid support and reinforcement; the hardened body generated by cement hydration fills the polymer film network, significantly improving the hardness, wear resistance, compressive strength, and adhesion to the underlying thermally conductive layer of the waterproof layer.

[0101] Modified quartz powder, as a fine aggregate, not only serves to fill the skeleton and reduce costs, but also significantly enhances the wear resistance, scrub resistance, and overall strength of the waterproof layer due to its high hardness and chemical inertness.

[0102] Modified mica sheets are distributed in layers parallel to the base surface in the waterproof layer, forming physical barriers that greatly extend the time required for water to penetrate the waterproof layer. This effectively blocks the penetration of water molecules, water vapor, and even some dissolved ions, significantly improving the waterproof layer's impermeability and resistance to water vapor diffusion.

[0103] Water-repellent agents significantly reduce the surface energy of the waterproof layer through molecular interactions, endowing it with excellent hydrophobic properties. Water droplets struggle to spread on the surface, forming beads and rolling off, greatly reducing water retention and adsorption. More importantly, the water-repellent agent molecules can penetrate into the capillary pores of the waterproof layer, forming a hydrophobic film on its inner wall, blocking capillary absorption channels at the source. This allows the waterproof layer to maintain a low water absorption rate even under prolonged immersion or high humidity conditions, greatly improving its long-term waterproofing reliability in the humid environment of bathrooms.

[0104] In some optional instances, the solid content of the acrylate emulsion is 40-50%, for example, it may be 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49% or 50%, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0105] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified quartz powder is prepared by the following method:

[0106] Quartz powder is soaked in a calcium lignosulfonate solution, mixed, stirred, and heated, and then filtered and dried to obtain powder; the powder is soaked in a polyacrylic acid solution, mixed, stirred, and heated, and then filtered and dried to obtain the modified quartz powder.

[0107] The modified quartz powder provided by this invention employs a stepwise surface modification process using calcium lignin sulfonate and polyacrylic acid. First, the calcium lignin sulfonate treatment is carried out under heating and stirring conditions, where the sulfonic acid groups in its molecules chemically anchor to the silanol groups on the surface of the quartz powder. Meanwhile, the lignin macromolecular chains form a three-dimensional coating layer around the powder through steric hindrance. This treatment not only significantly reduces the specific surface area and surface energy of the quartz powder, but more importantly, it endows the powder with excellent steric stability and electrostatic repulsion. When incorporated into cement mortar, these lignin-pretreated particles exhibit extremely strong anti-agglomeration capabilities, maintaining uniform dispersion in high-solids-content systems and effectively eliminating the localized accumulation phenomenon caused by electrostatic adsorption in traditional quartz powder.

[0108] Subsequently, polyacrylic acid treatment is performed. Through the chelation of carboxyl groups with metal ions on the surface of quartz powder, polyacrylic acid molecules form a reactive, flexible coating layer on the powder surface. When exposed to the cement hydration environment, these carboxyl groups can form an ionic cross-linking network with calcium ions in the hydration products, constructing an organic-inorganic hybrid transition zone at the powder-cement interface. This transition zone has three main effects: first, its elastic modulus is between that of hard quartz and cement gel, which can gradually alleviate interfacial stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients; second, the negatively charged groups on the polyacrylic acid chains can directionally adsorb calcium ions, promoting the orderly crystallization of hydration products at the interface; and third, the flexible molecular chains can absorb microcrack propagation energy through conformational adjustment.

[0109] During the cement hydration process, modified quartz powder exhibits a significant nucleation catalytic effect. The uniformly dispersed powder surface is rich in negatively charged sites, and its electric field can induce the radial growth of ettringite crystals in the hydration products, rather than random agglomeration. The polyacrylic acid coating layer, on the other hand, prevents excessive deposition of hydration products in localized areas by regulating the ion migration rate.

[0110] In humid and hot environments, the double-coated structure exhibits long-lasting protective performance. The polyacrylic acid molecular network locks in free water molecules through hydrogen bonding, reducing the migration rate of water in the capillary channels; while the lignin hydrophobic groups block liquid water penetration through the contact angle effect. This synergistic effect significantly improves the volume stability of the mortar, and even under long-term exposure to 80% RH humidity fluctuations, the material maintains a linear expansion rate of less than 0.02%.

[0111] In some optional instances, the quartz powder has a mesh size of 300 to 400 mesh, such as 300 mesh, 310 mesh, 320 mesh, 330 mesh, 340 mesh, 350 mesh, 360 mesh, 370 mesh, 380 mesh, 390 mesh or 400 mesh, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0112] In some optional instances, the mass fraction of the calcium lignosulfonate solution is 6 to 8 wt%, for example, it may be 6.0 wt%, 6.2 wt%, 6.4 wt%, 6.6 wt%, 6.8 wt%, 7.0 wt%, 7.2 wt%, 7.4 wt%, 7.6 wt%, 7.8 wt%, or 8.0 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0113] In some alternative examples, the solid-liquid ratio of the quartz powder to the calcium lignosulfonate solution is 1 g:(4~5) mL, for example, it can be 1 g:4.0 mL, 1 g:4.1 mL, 1 g:4.2 mL, 1 g:4.3 mL, 1 g:4.4 mL, 1 g:4.5 mL, 1 g:4.6 mL, 1 g:4.7 mL, 1 g:4.8 mL, 1 g:4.9 mL or 1 g:5.0 mL, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0114] In some alternative examples, the immersion temperature of the quartz powder in the calcium lignosulfonate solution is 50-60°C, for example, 50°C, 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 58°C, 59°C or 60°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0115] In some optional instances, the quartz powder is soaked in the calcium lignosulfonate solution for 40 to 50 minutes, for example, 40 minutes, 41 minutes, 42 minutes, 43 minutes, 44 minutes, 45 minutes, 46 minutes, 47 minutes, 48 ​​minutes, 49 minutes or 50 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0116] In some alternative examples, the polyacrylic acid solution is composed of a polyacrylic acid emulsion and a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0117] In some alternative examples, the mass ratio of the polyacrylic acid emulsion to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 100:(0.5~0.8), for example, it can be 100:0.5, 100:0.55, 100:0.6, 100:0.65, 100:0.7, 100:0.75 or 100:0.8, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0118] In some optional instances, the polyacrylic acid emulsion has a mass fraction of 12 to 15 wt%, for example, 12 wt%, 12.5 wt%, 13 wt%, 13.5 wt%, 14 wt%, 14.5 wt%, or 15 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0119] In some alternative instances, an aqueous ammonia solution is added dropwise to the polyacrylic acid solution to adjust its pH to 8 to 8.5, for example, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4 or 8.5, but not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0120] In some alternative examples, the solid-liquid ratio of the powder to the polyacrylic acid solution is 1 g:(3~4) mL, for example, it can be 1 g:3.0 mL, 1 g:3.1 mL, 1 g:3.2 mL, 1 g:3.3 mL, 1 g:3.4 mL, 1 g:3.5 mL, 1 g:3.6 mL, 1 g:3.7 mL, 1 g:3.8 mL, 1 g:3.9 mL or 1 g:4.0 mL, but is not limited to the values ​​listed, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0121] In some alternative instances, the immersion temperature of the powder in the polyacrylic acid solution is 35 to 45°C, for example, 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C, 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C or 45°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0122] In some optional instances, the immersion time of the powder in the polyacrylic acid solution is 40 to 50 minutes, for example, 40 minutes, 41 minutes, 42 minutes, 43 minutes, 44 minutes, 45 minutes, 46 minutes, 47 minutes, 48 ​​minutes, 49 minutes or 50 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0123] In some alternative instances, the drying temperature is 100~120°C, for example, 100°C, 102°C, 104°C, 106°C, 108°C, 110°C, 112°C, 114°C, 116°C, 118°C or 120°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0124] In some optional instances, the drying time is 100 to 120 minutes, for example, 100 minutes, 102 minutes, 104 minutes, 106 minutes, 108 minutes, 110 minutes, 112 minutes, 114 minutes, 116 minutes, 118 minutes or 120 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0125] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modified mica sheet is prepared by the following method:

[0126] Sericite flakes were dispersed in an aluminum sulfate solution to obtain a mica flake dispersion. An ammonia solution was added dropwise to the mica flake dispersion, and the mixture was stirred and heated for a period of time. After filtration and drying, coated mica flakes were obtained. The coated mica flakes were dispersed in a tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate solution, heated, and ultrasonically treated. After filtration, washing, and drying, the modified mica flakes were obtained.

[0127] This invention uses aluminum and titanium bimetallic oxides to coat sericite sheets, resulting in modified mica sheets. First, an aluminum hydroxide nanocrystalline active layer is constructed on the mica surface by aluminum sulfate-ammonia water treatment. During heating and stirring, aluminum ions preferentially hydrolyze and deposit at the edges of the mica layers, forming columnar boehmite phases between the layers. Subsequently, the alkaline environment of the ammonia water induces the condensation of aluminum hydroxyl groups into a continuous amorphous hydrated alumina film.

[0128] Subsequently, an inorganic-organic composite interface was formed by the hydrolysis and coating of tetrabutyl titanate. Under ultrasonic treatment and heating, the titanate precursor underwent directional hydrolysis and condensation on the surface of the alumina coating, forming a uniform anchoring layer of anatase titanium dioxide grains with a diameter of about 50 nm. Titanium atoms formed Ti-O-Al chemical bridging bonds through deoxygenation condensation with aluminum hydroxyl groups, transforming the originally brittle alumina coating into a strong and tough composite ceramic structure.

[0129] In some alternative examples, the solid-liquid ratio of the sericite sheet to the aluminum sulfate solution is 1 g:(8~10) mL, for example, it can be 1 g:8.0 mL, 1 g:8.2 mL, 1 g:8.4 mL, 1 g:8.6 mL, 1 g:8.8 mL, 1 g:9.0 mL, 1 g:9.2 mL, 1 g:9.4 mL, 1 g:9.6 mL, 1 g:9.8 mL or 1 g:10.0 mL, but is not limited to the values ​​listed, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0130] In some optional instances, the aluminum sulfate solution has a mass fraction of 8 to 10 wt%, for example, 8.0 wt%, 8.2 wt%, 8.4 wt%, 8.6 wt%, 8.8 wt%, 9.0 wt%, 9.2 wt%, 9.4 wt%, 9.6 wt%, 9.8 wt%, or 10.0 wt%, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0131] In some optional instances, an aqueous ammonia solution is added dropwise to the mica flake dispersion to adjust its pH to 5.8 to 6.2, for example, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1 or 6.2, but not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0132] In some optional instances, the temperature for stirring and heating the mica sheet dispersion is 55~65℃, for example, 55℃, 56℃, 57℃, 58℃, 59℃, 60℃, 61℃, 62℃, 63℃, 64℃ or 65℃, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0133] In some optional instances, the stirring and heating time of the mica sheet dispersion is 40 to 50 minutes, for example, 40 minutes, 41 minutes, 42 minutes, 43 minutes, 44 minutes, 45 minutes, 46 minutes, 47 minutes, 48 ​​minutes, 49 minutes or 50 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0134] In some optional examples, the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is composed of tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water.

[0135] In some optional examples, the mass ratio of tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water is 1:(14~16):(0.35~0.45), for example, it can be 1:14:0.35, 1:14.2:0.36, 1:14.4:0.37, 1:14.6:0.38, 1:14.8:0.39, 1:15:0.4, 1:15.2:0.41, 1:15.4:0.42, 1:15.6:0.43, 1:15.8:0.44, or 1:16:0.45, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0136] In some optional instances, the solid-liquid ratio of the coated mica sheet to the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is 1 g:(12~14) mL, for example, it can be 1 g:12 mL, 1 g:12.2 mL, 1 g:12.4 mL, 1 g:12.6 mL, 1 g:12.8 mL, 1 g:13 mL, 1 g:13.2 mL, 1 g:13.4 mL, 1 g:13.6 mL, 1 g:13.8 mL or 1 g:14 mL, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0137] In some optional instances, the ultrasonic treatment power of the coated mica sheet and tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is 300~400W, for example, it can be 300W, 310W, 320W, 330W, 340W, 350W, 360W, 370W, 380W, 390W or 400W, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0138] In some optional examples, the heating temperature of the coated mica sheet and the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is 50~60°C, for example, 50°C, 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 58°C, 59°C or 60°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0139] In some optional instances, the heating time of the coated mica sheet and the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is 40 to 50 minutes, for example, 40 minutes, 41 minutes, 42 minutes, 43 minutes, 44 minutes, 45 minutes, 46 minutes, 47 minutes, 48 ​​minutes, 49 minutes or 50 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0140] In some alternative instances, the drying temperature is 80 to 100°C, for example, 80°C, 82°C, 84°C, 86°C, 88°C, 90°C, 92°C, 94°C, 96°C, 98°C or 100°C, but is not limited to the listed values; other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0141] In some optional instances, the drying time is 100 to 120 minutes, for example, 100 minutes, 102 minutes, 104 minutes, 106 minutes, 108 minutes, 110 minutes, 112 minutes, 114 minutes, 116 minutes, 118 minutes or 120 minutes, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0142] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, the waterproof coating is applied 2 to 3 times.

[0143] In some optional examples, the total dry membrane thickness of the waterproof membrane layer is 1.5 to 2 mm, for example, it can be 1.5 mm, 1.55 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.65 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.75 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.85 mm, 1.9 mm, 1.95 mm or 2.0 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0144] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0145] The bathroom floor heating system provided by this invention ensures dryness through a bottom vapor barrier insulation layer, addresses thermal stress damage issues by using modular heating panels and elastic sealant to fill expansion joints, enhances structural integrity with fine-mesh steel wire mesh, and optimizes heat transfer with highly efficient thermally conductive mortar. Finally, the waterproof layer is placed in the safest area least susceptible to thermal stress damage, ensuring its long-term integrity and effectiveness even in the harsh environment of a humid bathroom with fluctuating temperatures. Simultaneously, the heating system operates efficiently and stably, fundamentally solving the problems of waterproofing failure and structural damage caused by the combined effects of a humid bathroom environment and thermal stress from the heating system. Ultimately, this achieves the comprehensive goals of structural safety, reliable waterproofing, and sustained thermal comfort, significantly extending the lifespan of the bathroom heating system. Attached Figure Description

[0146] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the bathroom floor heating installation process provided in Embodiments 1-15 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0147] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the concept of the present invention; these descriptions are explanatory and exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the implementation methods or the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can employ other obvious technical solutions based on the content disclosed in the claims and specification of this application. These technical solutions include those that make any obvious substitutions and modifications to the embodiments described herein.

[0148] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer: JSJ01, purity 99%, purchased from Jinan Shanhai Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0149] Silicate cement: JS2800, 99% purity, purchased from Hubei Jusheng Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0150] Polypropylene fiber: yld-klxw, purchased from Shandong Yonglida New Material Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0151] Silica fume: YLD-GH, purchased from Shandong Yonglida New Material Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0152] Short-cut carbon fiber: 9604040, purchased from Forsmann Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.;

[0153] Acrylic emulsion: XG-4600, purchased from Hengshui Xinguang New Material Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0154] Quartz powder (silicon dioxide): S42872-500g, purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0155] Mica sheets: industrial grade, purchased from Hubei Hanwei Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0156] Example 1

[0157] This embodiment provides a process for installing underfloor heating in a bathroom, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the installation process for underfloor heating in the bathroom includes:

[0158] Step S1: Cover the original structural layer with a 20mm thick extruded polystyrene insulation board, pour cement mortar on the extruded polystyrene insulation board, and after curing, form a 20mm thick leveling layer.

[0159] Based on a cement mortar mass fraction of 100 wt%, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0160] 20 wt% silicate cement;

[0161] 70wt% graded quartz sand;

[0162] 7wt% limestone powder;

[0163] Polypropylene fiber 0.1 wt%;

[0164] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.2wt%;

[0165] The remainder is water;

[0166] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.5 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 1 mm in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0167] Step S2: Lay modular floor heating panels on the leveling layer. The modular floor heating panels are honeycomb aluminum substrates with embedded floor heating pipes. The honeycomb aluminum substrate has a honeycomb aperture of 8mm and a thickness of 1.2mm. A 5mm wide expansion joint is reserved between the panels. The expansion joint is filled with polyurethane elastic sealant. A 6-mesh fine wire mesh is laid on the modular floor heating panels.

[0168] Step S3: Pour thermally conductive mortar onto the fine-mesh steel wire mesh, and after curing, form a thermally conductive layer with a thickness of 25mm;

[0169] Based on a mass fraction of 100 wt% for the thermally conductive mortar, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0170] 25 wt% silicate cement;

[0171] 60wt% graded quartz sand;

[0172] Modified alumina 9wt%;

[0173] Modified carbon fiber 0.1 wt%;

[0174] 3 wt% silica ash

[0175] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.7wt%;

[0176] The remainder is water;

[0177] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.1 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 0.4 mm in a mass ratio of 1:1.5.

[0178] Modified alumina was prepared by the following method:

[0179] A coupling agent solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550 with an ethanol-water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to deionized water in the ethanol solution was 8:2). The mass fraction of silane coupling agent KH550 in the coupling agent solution was 1.5 wt%. Acetic acid solution was added dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH value to 4.5. Subsequently, α-Al2O3 powder with an average particle size of 3 μm was added to the coupling agent solution at a ratio of 1 g:10 mL. The solution was heated in a water bath at 60 °C and ultrasonically treated with an ultrasonic power of 300 W for 40 min. Finally, the modified alumina was obtained by filtration, washing with deionized water, and drying.

[0180] Modified carbon fibers were prepared using the following method:

[0181] Short carbon fibers with a length of 0.3 mm were immersed in a 10 wt% phosphoric acid solution and soaked at 70 °C for 30 min. After being removed and washed until neutral, they were then immersed in a polyacrylamide solution composed of polyacrylamide and an aqueous ethanol solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to deionized water in the ethanol solution was 8:2). The mass fraction of polyacrylamide in the polyacrylamide solution was 1 wt%. The solution was ultrasonically dispersed at 400 W for 30 min, then removed and filtered. Finally, the carbon fibers were dried at 100 °C for 120 min to obtain modified carbon fibers.

[0182] Apply two coats of waterproof coating to the heat-conducting layer. The waterproof coating, with a mass fraction of 100 wt%, comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0183]

[0184] Modified quartz powder was prepared by the following method:

[0185] 300-mesh quartz powder was soaked in a 6wt% calcium lignosulfonate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:4mL. The mixture was stirred and heated at 50℃ for 50min, and then filtered and dried to obtain the powder.

[0186] The powder was soaked in a polyacrylic acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:3mL. The polyacrylic acid solution was obtained by mixing polyacrylic acid emulsion and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether at a mass ratio of 100:0.5, with the polyacrylic acid emulsion having a mass fraction of 12wt%. Ammonia solution was added dropwise to the polyacrylic acid solution to adjust its pH value to 8. The mixture was stirred and heated at 35°C for 50min, then filtered. After filtration, the powder was dried at 100°C for 120min to obtain modified quartz powder.

[0187] Modified mica sheets were prepared using the following method:

[0188] Sericite flakes were dispersed in an 8 wt% aluminum sulfate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8 mL to obtain a mica flake dispersion. A 10 wt% ammonia solution was added dropwise to the mica flake dispersion to adjust its pH to 5.8. The mixture was stirred and heated at 55 °C for 50 min, and then filtered and dried to obtain coated mica flakes.

[0189] The coated mica sheets were dispersed in a tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:12 mL. The tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate was prepared by mixing tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:14:0.35. The mixture was treated with an ultrasonic power of 300 W and a heating temperature of 50 °C for 50 min. After filtration and washing, the mixture was dried at 80 °C for 120 min to obtain the modified mica sheets.

[0190] Example 2

[0191] This embodiment provides a process for installing underfloor heating in a bathroom, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the bathroom floor heating installation process includes:

[0192] Step S1: Cover the original structural layer with a 22mm thick extruded polystyrene insulation board, pour cement mortar on the extruded polystyrene insulation board, and after curing, form a 22mm thick leveling layer.

[0193] Based on a cement mortar mass fraction of 100 wt%, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0194] 22 wt% silicate cement;

[0195] Graded quartz sand 68wt%;

[0196] 7wt% limestone powder;

[0197] Polypropylene fiber 0.15 wt%;

[0198] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.22 wt%;

[0199] The remainder is water;

[0200] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.6 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 1.5 mm in a mass ratio of 1:2.2.

[0201] Step S2: Lay modular floor heating panels on the leveling layer. The modular floor heating panels are honeycomb aluminum substrates with embedded floor heating pipes. The honeycomb aluminum substrate has a honeycomb aperture of 9mm and a thickness of 1.3mm. A 6mm wide expansion joint is reserved between the panels. The expansion joint is filled with polyurethane elastic sealant. A 7-mesh fine wire mesh is laid on the modular floor heating panels.

[0202] Step S3: Pour thermally conductive mortar onto the fine-mesh steel wire mesh, and after curing, form a thermally conductive layer with a thickness of 28mm;

[0203] Based on a mass fraction of 100 wt% for the thermally conductive mortar, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0204] 26 wt% silicate cement;

[0205] Graded quartz sand 58wt%;

[0206] Modified alumina 8wt%

[0207] Modified carbon fiber 0.2 wt%;

[0208] Silica fume 3.5 wt%;

[0209] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.8 wt%;

[0210] The remainder is water;

[0211] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.15 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 0.45 mm in a mass ratio of 1:1.6.

[0212] Modified alumina was prepared by the following method:

[0213] A coupling agent solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550 with an aqueous ethanol solution, with a mass fraction of 1.8 wt% for KH550. Acetic acid solution was added dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH to 4.8. Subsequently, α-Al2O3 powder with an average particle size of 3.5 μm was added to the coupling agent solution at a ratio of 1 g:11 mL. The solution was heated in a water bath at 62 °C and ultrasonically treated with 350 W for 38 min. Finally, the modified alumina was obtained by filtration, washing, and drying with deionized water.

[0214] Modified carbon fibers were prepared using the following method:

[0215] Short carbon fibers with a length of 0.35 mm were immersed in a 12 wt% phosphoric acid solution at 72 °C for 28 min, then removed and washed until neutral. Subsequently, they were immersed in a polyacrylamide solution composed of polyacrylamide and an aqueous ethanol solution (ethanol and deionized water in a volume ratio of 8:2), with a polyacrylamide mass fraction of 1.2 wt%. The solution was ultrasonically dispersed at 420 W for 28 min, then removed, filtered, and dried at 105 °C for 115 min to obtain modified carbon fibers.

[0216] Apply two coats of waterproof coating to the heat-conducting layer. The waterproof coating, with a mass fraction of 100 wt%, comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0217]

[0218] Modified quartz powder was prepared by the following method:

[0219] 320-mesh quartz powder was soaked in a 6.5 wt% calcium lignosulfonate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g to 4.2 mL. The mixture was stirred and heated at 52 °C for 48 min, and then filtered and dried to obtain the powder.

[0220] The powder was soaked in a polyacrylic acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:3.2mL. The polyacrylic acid solution was obtained by mixing polyacrylic acid emulsion and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether at a mass ratio of 100:0.6, with the polyacrylic acid emulsion having a mass fraction of 13wt%. Ammonia solution was added dropwise to the polyacrylic acid solution to adjust its pH value to 8.1. The mixture was stirred and heated at 38℃ for 48min, then filtered. After filtration, it was dried at 105℃ for 115min to obtain modified quartz powder.

[0221] Modified mica sheets were prepared using the following method:

[0222] Sericite flakes were dispersed in an 8.5 wt% aluminum sulfate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8.5 mL to obtain a mica flake dispersion. A 10 wt% ammonia solution was added dropwise to the mica flake dispersion to adjust its pH to 5.9. The mixture was stirred and heated at 58 °C for 48 min, and then filtered and dried to obtain coated mica flakes.

[0223] The coated mica sheets were dispersed in a tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 12.5 mL. The tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate was prepared by mixing tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:14.5:0.38. The mixture was treated with an ultrasonic power of 320 W and a heating temperature of 52 °C for 48 min. After filtration and washing, the mixture was dried at 85 °C for 115 min to obtain the modified mica sheets.

[0224] Example 3

[0225] This embodiment provides a process for installing underfloor heating in a bathroom, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the bathroom floor heating installation process includes:

[0226] Step S1: Cover the original structural layer with a 25mm thick extruded polystyrene insulation board, pour cement mortar on the extruded polystyrene insulation board, and after curing, form a 25mm thick leveling layer.

[0227] Based on a cement mortar mass fraction of 100 wt%, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0228] 23 wt% silicate cement;

[0229] Graded quartz sand 66wt%;

[0230] 8 wt% limestone powder

[0231] Polypropylene fiber 0.12 wt%;

[0232] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.25wt%;

[0233] The remainder is water;

[0234] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.7 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 2 mm in a mass ratio of 1:2.5.

[0235] Step S2: Lay modular floor heating panels on the leveling layer. The modular floor heating panels are honeycomb aluminum substrates with embedded floor heating pipes. The honeycomb aluminum substrate has a honeycomb aperture of 10mm and a thickness of 1.4mm. A 7mm wide expansion joint is reserved between the panels. The expansion joint is filled with polyurethane elastic sealant. A fine wire mesh with a mesh number of 8 is laid on the modular floor heating panels.

[0236] Step S3: Pour thermally conductive mortar onto the fine-mesh steel wire mesh, and after curing, form a thermally conductive layer with a thickness of 30mm;

[0237] Based on a mass fraction of 100 wt% for the thermally conductive mortar, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0238] 27 wt% silicate cement;

[0239] Graded quartz sand 56wt%;

[0240] Modified alumina 9wt%;

[0241] Modified carbon fiber 0.17 wt%;

[0242] 4 wt% silica ash

[0243] 1 wt% polycarboxylate superplasticizer

[0244] The remainder is water;

[0245] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.2 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 0.5 mm in a mass ratio of 1:1.6.

[0246] Modified alumina was prepared by the following method:

[0247] A coupling agent solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550 with an aqueous ethanol solution, with a mass fraction of 2 wt% for KH550. Acetic acid solution was added dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH to 5. Subsequently, α-Al2O3 powder with an average particle size of 4 μm was added to the coupling agent solution at a ratio of 1 g:12 mL. The mixture was heated in a water bath at 65 °C and ultrasonically treated with 400 W for 35 min. Finally, the modified alumina was obtained by filtration, washing, and drying with deionized water.

[0248] Modified carbon fibers were prepared using the following method:

[0249] Short carbon fibers with a length of 0.4 mm were immersed in a 15 wt% phosphoric acid solution at 75 °C for 25 min, then removed and washed until neutral. Subsequently, they were immersed in a polyacrylamide solution composed of polyacrylamide and an aqueous ethanol solution (ethanol to deionized water volume ratio of 8:2), with a polyacrylamide mass fraction of 1.5 wt%. The solution was ultrasonically dispersed at 450 W for 25 min, then filtered and dried at 110 °C for 110 min to obtain modified carbon fibers. Two coats of waterproof coating were applied to the thermally conductive layer. The waterproof coating, with a mass fraction of 100 wt%, comprised the following components by mass fraction:

[0250]

[0251] Modified quartz powder was prepared by the following method:

[0252] Quartz powder of 350 mesh was soaked in a 7wt% calcium lignosulfonate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:4.5mL. The mixture was stirred and heated at 55℃ for 45min, and then filtered and dried to obtain the powder.

[0253] The powder was soaked in a polyacrylic acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:3.5mL. The polyacrylic acid solution was obtained by mixing polyacrylic acid emulsion and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether at a mass ratio of 100:0.6, with the polyacrylic acid emulsion having a mass fraction of 14wt%. Ammonia solution was added dropwise to the polyacrylic acid solution to adjust its pH value to 8.2. The mixture was stirred and heated at 40℃ for 45min, then filtered. After filtration, the powder was dried at 110℃ for 110min to obtain modified quartz powder.

[0254] Modified mica sheets were prepared using the following method:

[0255] Sericite flakes were dispersed in a 9 wt% aluminum sulfate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 9 mL to obtain a mica flake dispersion. A 10 wt% ammonia solution was added dropwise to the mica flake dispersion to adjust its pH to 6. The mixture was stirred and heated at 60 °C for 45 min, and then filtered and dried to obtain coated mica flakes.

[0256] The coated mica sheets were dispersed in a tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:13 mL. The tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate was prepared by mixing tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:15:0.4. The solution was treated with ultrasonic power of 350 W and heating temperature of 55 °C for 45 min. After filtration and washing, the solution was dried at 90 °C for 110 min to obtain the modified mica sheets.

[0257] Example 4

[0258] This embodiment provides a process for installing underfloor heating in a bathroom, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the bathroom floor heating installation process includes:

[0259] Step S1: Cover the original structural layer with a 28mm thick extruded polystyrene insulation board, pour cement mortar on the extruded polystyrene insulation board, and after curing, form a 28mm thick leveling layer.

[0260] Based on a cement mortar mass fraction of 100 wt%, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0261] 24 wt% silicate cement;

[0262] Graded quartz sand 67wt%;

[0263] 6 wt% limestone powder

[0264] Polypropylene fiber 0.13 wt%;

[0265] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.23 wt%;

[0266] The remainder is water;

[0267] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.8 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 2.5 mm in a mass ratio of 1:2.8.

[0268] Step S2: Lay modular floor heating panels on the leveling layer. The modular floor heating panels are honeycomb aluminum substrates with embedded floor heating pipes. The honeycomb aluminum substrate has a honeycomb aperture of 11mm and a thickness of 1.4mm. A 7mm wide expansion joint is reserved between the panels. The expansion joint is filled with polyurethane elastic sealant. A 9-mesh fine wire mesh is laid on the modular floor heating panels.

[0269] Step S3: Pour thermally conductive mortar onto the fine-mesh steel wire mesh, and after curing, form a thermally conductive layer with a thickness of 32mm;

[0270] Based on a mass fraction of 100 wt% for the thermally conductive mortar, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0271] 28 wt% silicate cement;

[0272] 55wt% graded quartz sand;

[0273] Modified alumina 10wt%;

[0274] Modified carbon fiber 0.12 wt%;

[0275] Silica fume 3.8 wt%;

[0276] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.8 wt%;

[0277] The remainder is water;

[0278] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.25 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 0.55 mm in a mass ratio of 1:1.7.

[0279] Modified alumina was prepared by the following method:

[0280] A coupling agent solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550 with an aqueous ethanol solution, with a mass fraction of 2.2 wt% for KH550. Acetic acid solution was added dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH to 5.2. Subsequently, α-Al2O3 powder with an average particle size of 4.5 μm was added to the coupling agent solution at a ratio of 1 g:13 mL. The solution was heated in a water bath at 68 °C and ultrasonically treated with 450 W for 32 min. Finally, the modified alumina was obtained by filtration, washing, and drying with deionized water.

[0281] Modified carbon fibers were prepared using the following method:

[0282] Short carbon fibers with a length of 0.45 mm were immersed in an 18 wt% phosphoric acid solution at 78 °C for 22 min, then removed and washed until neutral. Subsequently, they were immersed in a polyacrylamide solution composed of polyacrylamide and an aqueous ethanol solution (ethanol to deionized water volume ratio of 8:2), with a polyacrylamide mass fraction of 1.8 wt%. The solution was ultrasonically dispersed at 480 W for 22 min, then filtered and dried at 115 °C for 105 min to obtain modified carbon fibers. Three coats of waterproof coating were applied to the thermally conductive layer. The waterproof coating, with a mass fraction of 100 wt%, comprised the following components by mass fraction:

[0283]

[0284] Modified quartz powder was prepared by the following method:

[0285] Quartz powder with a mesh size of 380 was soaked in a 7.5 wt% calcium lignosulfonate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g to 4.8 mL. The mixture was stirred and heated at 58 °C for 42 min, and then filtered and dried to obtain the powder.

[0286] The powder was soaked in a polyacrylic acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:3.8mL. The polyacrylic acid solution was obtained by mixing polyacrylic acid emulsion and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether at a mass ratio of 100:0.7, with the polyacrylic acid emulsion having a mass fraction of 14wt%. Ammonia solution was added dropwise to the polyacrylic acid solution to adjust its pH value to 8.3. The mixture was stirred and heated at 42℃ for 42min, then filtered. After filtration, it was dried at 115℃ for 105min to obtain modified quartz powder.

[0287] Modified mica sheets were prepared using the following method:

[0288] Sericite flakes were dispersed in a 9.5 wt% aluminum sulfate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 9.5 mL to obtain a mica flake dispersion. A 10 wt% ammonia solution was added dropwise to the mica flake dispersion to adjust its pH value to 6.1. The mixture was stirred and heated at 62 °C for 42 min, and then filtered and dried to obtain coated mica flakes.

[0289] The coated mica sheets were dispersed in a tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:13.5 mL. The tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate was prepared by mixing tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:15.5:0.42. The mixture was treated with an ultrasonic power of 380 W and a heating temperature of 58 °C for 42 min. After filtration and washing, the mixture was dried at 95 °C for 105 min to obtain the modified mica sheets.

[0290] Example 5

[0291] This embodiment provides a process for installing underfloor heating in a bathroom, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the bathroom floor heating installation process includes:

[0292] Step S1: Cover the original structural layer with a 30mm thick extruded polystyrene insulation board, pour cement mortar on the extruded polystyrene insulation board, and after curing, form a 30mm thick leveling layer.

[0293] Based on a cement mortar mass fraction of 100 wt%, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0294] 25 wt% silicate cement;

[0295] Graded quartz sand 65wt%;

[0296] 7wt% limestone powder;

[0297] Polypropylene fiber 0.14 wt%;

[0298] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.3wt%;

[0299] The remainder is water;

[0300] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 1 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 3 mm in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0301] Step S2: Lay modular floor heating panels on the leveling layer. The modular floor heating panels are honeycomb aluminum substrates with embedded floor heating pipes. The honeycomb aluminum substrate has a honeycomb aperture of 12mm and a thickness of 1.5mm. An expansion joint with a width of 8mm is reserved between the panels. The expansion joint is filled with polyurethane elastic sealant. A fine wire mesh with a mesh number of 10 is laid on the modular floor heating panels.

[0302] Step S3: Pour thermally conductive mortar onto the fine-mesh steel wire mesh, and after curing, form a thermally conductive layer with a thickness of 35mm;

[0303] Based on a mass fraction of 100 wt% for the thermally conductive mortar, it comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0304] 30 wt% silicate cement;

[0305] 55wt% graded quartz sand;

[0306] Modified alumina 8wt%

[0307] Modified carbon fiber 0.18 wt%;

[0308] 4 wt% silica ash

[0309] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.7wt%;

[0310] The remainder is water;

[0311] The graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand with an average particle size of 0.3 mm and coarse sand with an average particle size of 0.6 mm in a mass ratio of 1:1.8.

[0312] Modified alumina was prepared by the following method:

[0313] A coupling agent solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550 with an aqueous ethanol solution, with a mass fraction of 2.5 wt% for KH550. Acetic acid solution was added dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH to 5.5. Subsequently, α-Al2O3 powder with an average particle size of 5 μm was added to the coupling agent solution at a ratio of 1 g:15 mL. The mixture was heated in a water bath at 70 °C and ultrasonically treated with 500 W for 30 min. Finally, the modified alumina was obtained by filtration, washing, and drying with deionized water.

[0314] Modified carbon fibers were prepared using the following method:

[0315] Short carbon fibers with a length of 0.5 mm were immersed in a 20 wt% phosphoric acid solution at 80 °C for 20 min, then removed and washed until neutral. Subsequently, they were immersed in a polyacrylamide solution composed of polyacrylamide and an aqueous ethanol solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to deionized water was 8:2), with a polyacrylamide mass fraction of 2 wt%. The solution was ultrasonically dispersed at 500 W for 20 min, then removed and filtered, and dried at 120 °C for 100 min to obtain modified carbon fibers.

[0316] Three coats of waterproof coating are applied to the heat-conducting layer. The waterproof coating, with a mass fraction of 100 wt%, comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0317]

[0318] Modified quartz powder was prepared by the following method:

[0319] 400-mesh quartz powder was soaked in an 8wt% calcium lignosulfonate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:5mL. The mixture was stirred and heated at 60℃ for 40min, and then filtered and dried to obtain the powder.

[0320] The powder was soaked in a polyacrylic acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:4mL. The polyacrylic acid solution was obtained by mixing polyacrylic acid emulsion and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether at a mass ratio of 100:0.8, with the polyacrylic acid emulsion having a mass fraction of 15wt%. Ammonia solution was added dropwise to the polyacrylic acid solution to adjust its pH value to 8.5. The mixture was stirred and heated at 45℃ for 40min, then filtered. After filtration, it was dried at 120℃ for 100min to obtain modified quartz powder.

[0321] Modified mica sheets were prepared using the following method:

[0322] Sericite flakes were dispersed in a 10 wt% aluminum sulfate solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 10 mL to obtain a mica flake dispersion. A 10 wt% ammonia solution was added dropwise to the mica flake dispersion to adjust its pH value to 6.2. The mixture was stirred and heated at 65 °C for 40 min, and then filtered and dried to obtain coated mica flakes.

[0323] The coated mica sheets were dispersed in a tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:14 mL. The tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate was prepared by mixing tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:16:0.45. The mixture was treated with an ultrasonic power of 400 W and a heating temperature of 60 °C for 40 min. After filtration and washing, the mixture was dried at 100 °C for 100 min to obtain the modified mica sheets.

[0324] Example 6

[0325] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the mass fraction of polyacrylamide in the polyacrylamide solution is adjusted to 0.1 wt%, while the other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0326] Example 7

[0327] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the mass fraction of polyacrylamide in the polyacrylamide solution is adjusted to 3 wt%, while the other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0328] Example 8

[0329] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the mass fraction of the calcium lignosulfonate solution is adjusted to 5 wt%, while the other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0330] Example 9

[0331] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the mass fraction of the calcium lignosulfonate solution is adjusted to 10wt%, while the other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0332] Example 10

[0333] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the solid-liquid ratio of the powder to the polyacrylic acid solution is adjusted to 1g:1mL. Other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0334] Example 11

[0335] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the solid-liquid ratio of the powder to the polyacrylic acid solution is adjusted to 1g:5mL. Other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0336] Example 12

[0337] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the mass fraction of aluminum sulfate solution is adjusted to 5 wt%, while the other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0338] Example 13

[0339] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the mass fraction of aluminum sulfate solution is adjusted to 15wt%, while the other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0340] Example 14

[0341] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the solid-liquid ratio of the coated mica sheet and the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is adjusted to 1g:10mL. Other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0342] Example 15

[0343] This embodiment provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the solid-liquid ratio of the coated mica sheet and the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is adjusted to 1g:16mL. Other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0344] Comparative Example 1

[0345] This comparative example provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Example 1 is that unmodified α-Al2O3 powder is used in the thermally conductive mortar. Other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0346] Comparative Example 2

[0347] This comparative example provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Example 1 is that unmodified short-cut carbon fibers are used in the thermally conductive mortar. Other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0348] Comparative Example 3

[0349] This comparative example provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Example 1 is that unmodified quartz powder is used in the waterproof coating. Other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0350] Comparative Example 4

[0351] This comparative example provides a process for laying floor heating in a bathroom. The difference from Example 1 is that unmodified sericite sheets are used in the waterproof coating. Other operating steps and process parameters are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0352] The performance of the bathroom floor heating installation processes provided in Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested:

[0353] (1) Thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting layer

[0354] The thermally conductive mortar was prepared according to the formula provided in the embodiment of the present invention. The thermally conductive mortar was poured into a 300×300×30mm steel mold, vibrated on a vibrating table, covered with plastic film and cured for 24 hours, and then demolded. Subsequently, it was placed in a standard curing room (20±2℃, RH≥95%) and cured for 28 days to obtain the sample.

[0355] The sample was polished on both sides until the flatness was ≤0.02mm. The sample was placed in a constant temperature chamber at 25±0.5℃ for equilibration for 24h. The thermal constant analyzer was used for testing. The probe was clamped between two parallel samples, a constant pressure of 5kPa was applied, the heating power was set to 80mW, the measurement time was 40s, the data acquisition frequency was 10Hz, the test was started, and the instrument automatically calculated the thermal conductivity λ (W / (m·K)). Each group of samples was tested 5 times and the average value was taken.

[0356] (2) Hollow rate of ceramic tiles after thermal stress cycle

[0357] A sample (including a structural layer, insulation layer, leveling layer, underfloor heating layer, heat-conducting layer, waterproof layer, and ceramic tile surface layer) was prepared according to the laying process provided in the embodiments of the present invention. The sample was placed in an environmental chamber with an initial temperature of 20±2℃ and subjected to thermal stress cycling.

[0358] Heating phase: Increase to 40℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min (simulating the on-board heating), and maintain the temperature for 2 hours;

[0359] Cooling phase: Reduce temperature to 20℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min (simulation system shut down), and maintain the temperature for 2 hours;

[0360] Each cycle lasts 6 hours, and the total number of cycles is 30 (equivalent to 1 year of actual use).

[0361] After the cycle is completed, let it stand for 24 hours. Then, use a 50g hollow hammer to tap the four corners and center of the tile with 0.5J of energy and listen to the sound to identify hollow spots.

[0362] Hollow rate calculation:

[0363] Hollow tile rate (%) = (hollow tile area / total tile area) × 100%.

[0364] (3) Bond strength retention rate of waterproof layer after wet heat cycling

[0365] The testing steps are as follows:

[0366] A waterproof coating was applied to the surface of the thermally conductive layer prepared in this embodiment of the invention, with a dry film thickness of 1.8 mm. After curing for 28 days, the layer was cut into 100×100 mm specimens, with at least 6 specimens per group. The specimens were then subjected to damp heat cycling.

[0367] High temperature and high humidity stage: 70℃, 95%RH environment maintained for 48 hours (simulating bathroom floor heating and steam);

[0368] Low-temperature drying stage: -5℃ environment maintained for 24 hours (simulating nighttime heating shutdown or ventilation cooling);

[0369] One cycle lasts 72 hours (48 hours of high temperature and high humidity + 24 hours of low temperature drying), and a total of 20 cycles are performed.

[0370] After the cycle is completed, the interface between the waterproof layer and the heat-conducting layer is vertically pulled at a speed of 10 mm / min using a tensile testing machine.

[0371] The bond strength retention rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0372] Bond strength retention rate (%) = (average bond strength after cycles / initial average bond strength) × 100%.

[0373] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0374]

[0375] The test data from Examples 1, 6, and 7 show that when the mass fraction of the polyacrylamide solution decreased to 0.1 wt% (Example 6), the thermal conductivity decreased to 1.78 W / (m·K), the hollow rate of the ceramic tile increased to 1.4%, and the bond strength retention rate decreased to 88.2%. This is because the excessively low polyacrylamide concentration resulted in incomplete coating of the carbon fiber surface, weakened interfacial bonding, and reduced stress transfer and thermal bridging effect of the fiber in the mortar. When the mass fraction of the polyacrylamide solution increased to 3 wt% (Example 7), the thermal conductivity decreased slightly to 1.75 W / (m·K), the hollow rate increased to 1.6%, and the bond strength retention rate decreased to 87.9%. Excessively high concentrations can easily cause localized polymer agglomeration, hindering the uniformity of fiber dispersion and thus reducing the modification effect.

[0376] The test data from Examples 1, 8, and 9 show that when the mass fraction of the calcium lignosulfonate solution decreased to 5 wt% (Example 8), the thermal conductivity was 1.72 W / (m·K), the void ratio increased to 1.9%, and the bond strength retention rate decreased to 86.4%. Insufficient concentration resulted in low surface coating of quartz powder, decreased particle dispersion stability in cement paste, and increased susceptibility to local agglomeration. When the mass fraction of the calcium lignosulfonate solution increased to 10 wt% (Example 9), the thermal conductivity decreased slightly to 1.73 W / (m·K), the void ratio increased to 1.8%, and the bond strength retention rate decreased to 86.7%. Excessive calcium lignosulfonate formed an excessively thick coating layer on the powder surface, which inhibited the subsequent anchoring effect of polyacrylic acid and affected the formation of the interfacial transition zone.

[0377] The test data from Examples 1, 10, and 11 show that when the solid-liquid ratio of powder to polyacrylic acid solution decreased to 1 g:1 mL (Example 10), the thermal conductivity significantly decreased to 1.68 W / (m·K), the void ratio surged to 3.2%, and the bond strength retention rate dropped to 82.5%. The excessively low solution volume resulted in insufficient powder wetting, making it difficult for the polyacrylic acid to form a continuous coating layer. When the solid-liquid ratio of powder to polyacrylic acid solution increased to 1 g:5 mL (Example 11), the thermal conductivity was 1.71 W / (m·K), the void ratio increased to 2.8%, and the bond strength retention rate dropped to 83.7%. The excessively high solution volume diluted the concentration of the active ingredient, weakening the chemical bonding strength of the modifier on the powder surface.

[0378] The test data from Examples 1, 12, and 13 show that when the mass fraction of the aluminum sulfate solution decreased to 5 wt% (Example 12), the thermal conductivity was 1.70 W / (m·K), the void ratio increased to 2.5%, and the bond strength retention rate decreased to 84.3%. Insufficient aluminum ion concentration resulted in low coverage and poor continuity of the aluminum hydroxide coating layer. When the mass fraction of the aluminum sulfate solution increased to 15 wt% (Example 13), the thermal conductivity decreased slightly to 1.69 W / (m·K), the void ratio increased to 2.7%, and the bond strength retention rate decreased to 83.8%. High concentration triggered rapid precipitation of aluminum salts, forming a loose and porous coating structure, which reduced the density of the coating.

[0379] The test data from Examples 1, 14, and 15 show that when the solid-liquid ratio of the coated mica sheet to the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate was increased to 1 g:10 mL (Example 14), the thermal conductivity decreased to 1.66 W / (m·K), the blistering rate increased to 3.5%, and the bond strength retention rate dropped to 81.2%. Insufficient hydrolysate volume resulted in uneven titanium dioxide coating, with some areas even lacking coverage. When the solid-liquid ratio of the coated mica sheet to the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate was decreased to 1 g:16 mL (Example 15), the thermal conductivity was 1.65 W / (m·K), the blistering rate increased to 3.7%, and the bond strength retention rate dropped to 80.6%. Excessive hydrolysate resulted in an excessively low titanate ester concentration, making it difficult for the hydrolysis products to be effectively anchored on the alumina coating.

[0380] The test data from Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 show that in Comparative Example 1, after removing the alumina surface modification, the thermal conductivity plummeted to 1.42 W / (m·K), the void ratio soared to 7.3%, and the bond strength retention rate was only 75.6%. This is because the unmodified alumina particles severely agglomerated in the mortar, forming thermally conductive defect areas and becoming stress concentration points, significantly weakening the overall performance. In Comparative Example 2, when unmodified chopped carbon fibers were used, the thermal conductivity dropped to 1.38 W / (m·K), the void ratio increased to 8.1%, and the bond strength retention rate dropped to 73.8%. This is because the weak interface between the chopped carbon fibers and the matrix led to increased microcrack propagation, blocking the heat transfer path. In Comparative Example 3, using unmodified quartz powder, the thermal conductivity was 1.45 W / (m·K), the void ratio rose to 6.8%, and the bond strength retention rate dropped to 74.2%. This is because uneven powder dispersion formed local weak areas, accelerating interface peeling. In Comparative Example 4, the thermal conductivity dropped to 1.41 W / (m·K), the hollow rate reached 7.5%, and the bond strength retention rate was only 72.3%. This was because the unmodified mica sheets were stacked disorderly in the waterproof layer, and the water barrier function failed.

[0381] The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for laying underfloor heating in a bathroom, characterized in that, The process for installing underfloor heating in the bathroom includes: Step S1: Cover the original structural layer with a vapor barrier insulation layer, pour cement mortar on the vapor barrier insulation layer, and form a leveling layer after curing. Step S2: Lay modular floor heating panels on the leveling layer, leaving expansion joints between the panels, filling the expansion joints with elastic sealant, and laying fine wire mesh on the modular floor heating panels. Step S3: Pour thermally conductive mortar onto the fine-mesh wire mesh, and after curing, a thermally conductive layer is formed. Apply waterproof coating to the thermally conductive layer, and after drying, a waterproof layer is formed. Then, lay tiles on the waterproof layer. The components of the waterproof coating are: 40-45 wt% acrylic emulsion; 25-30 wt% silicate cement Modified quartz powder 15~20wt%; Modified mica flakes 3~5wt%; Water-repellent agent 0.5~1wt%; Defoamer 0.1~0.3wt%; The remainder is water; The modified quartz powder is prepared by: soaking quartz powder in a calcium lignosulfonate solution, mixing, stirring, heating, filtering, and drying to obtain powder; soaking the powder in a polyacrylic acid solution, mixing, stirring, heating, filtering, and drying to obtain the modified quartz powder. The modified mica sheet preparation method is as follows: sericite mica sheets are dispersed in aluminum sulfate solution to obtain a mica sheet dispersion. Ammonia solution is added dropwise to the mica sheet dispersion, and the mixture is stirred and heated for a period of time. After filtration and drying, coated mica sheets are obtained. The coated mica sheets are dispersed in tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate, heated and ultrasonically treated, filtered, washed and dried to obtain the modified mica sheets. The components of the thermally conductive mortar are as follows: 25-30 wt% silicate cement Graded quartz sand 55~60wt%; Modified alumina 8~10wt%; Modified carbon fiber 0.1~0.2wt%; 3-4 wt% silica fume Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.7~1wt%; The remainder is water; The modified alumina is obtained by modifying α-Al2O3 powder with a silane coupling agent; The modified carbon fiber is prepared by immersing short-cut carbon fibers in a phosphoric acid solution, removing and washing until neutral, immersing in a polyacrylamide solution for ultrasonic dispersion, removing and filtering and drying to obtain the modified carbon fiber.

2. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the vapor barrier insulation layer is an extruded polystyrene insulation board; The thickness of the vapor barrier insulation layer is 20~30mm; The cement mortar is composed of silicate cement, graded quartz sand, limestone powder, polypropylene fiber, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and water; Based on a mass fraction of 100 wt% for the cement mortar, it comprises the following components by mass fraction: Portland cement 20~25wt%; Graded quartz sand 65~70wt%; Limestone powder 5~8wt%; Polypropylene fiber 0.1~0.15wt%; Polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.2~0.3wt%; The remainder is water; The graded quartz sand is composed of fine and coarse sand of different particle sizes; The particle size of the fine sand is 0.5~1mm; The coarse sand has a particle size of 1~3mm; The mass ratio of fine sand to coarse sand is 1:(2~3); The thickness of the leveling layer is 20~30mm.

3. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the modular floor heating panel is a honeycomb aluminum substrate with embedded floor heating pipes; The honeycomb aluminum substrate has a honeycomb pore size of 8~12mm; The thickness of the honeycomb aluminum substrate is 1.2~1.5mm; The width of the expansion joint is 5~8mm; The elastic sealant is a polyurethane elastic sealant; The fine wire mesh has a mesh count of 6 to 10.

4. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the graded quartz sand is composed of fine sand and coarse sand; The fine sand has a particle size of 0.1~0.3mm; The coarse sand has a particle size of 0.4~0.6mm; The mass ratio of the fine sand to the coarse sand is 1:(1.5~1.8).

5. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 4, characterized in that, The modified alumina was prepared by the following method: A coupling agent solution is obtained by mixing a silane coupling agent with an aqueous ethanol solution, and an acetic acid solution is added dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH value. Subsequently, α-Al2O3 powder was added to the coupling agent solution, and subjected to water bath heating and ultrasonic treatment; finally, after filtration, washing and drying, the modified alumina was obtained. The mass fraction of the silane coupling agent in the coupling agent solution is 1.5~2.5 wt%. Add acetic acid solution dropwise to the coupling agent solution to adjust its pH to 4.5-5.5; The particle size of the α-Al2O3 powder is 3~5μm; The ratio of the α-Al2O3 powder to the coupling agent solution is 1g:(10~15)mL; The water bath heating temperature is 60~70℃; The ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic treatment is 300~500W; The ultrasonic treatment time is 30-40 minutes.

6. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the preparation method of modified carbon fiber, the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid solution is 10~20wt%; The length of the chopped carbon fiber is 0.3~0.5mm; The immersion temperature of the short-cut carbon fibers in the phosphoric acid solution is 70~80℃; The chopped carbon fibers were soaked in the phosphoric acid solution for 20-30 minutes. The polyacrylamine solution is composed of polyacrylamine and an aqueous ethanol solution; The mass fraction of polyacrylamide in the polyacrylamide solution is 1~2 wt%. The ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 400~500W; The ultrasonic dispersion time is 20-30 minutes; The drying temperature is 100~120℃; The drying time is 100-120 minutes.

7. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the thickness of the thermally conductive layer is 25~35mm; The solid content of the acrylate emulsion is 40-50%.

8. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the preparation method of modified quartz powder, the mesh size of the quartz powder is 300~400 mesh; The mass fraction of the calcium lignosulfonate solution is 6-8 wt%. The solid-liquid ratio of the quartz powder to the calcium lignosulfonate solution is 1 g:(4~5) mL; The quartz powder is soaked in the calcium lignosulfonate solution at a temperature of 50-60°C. The quartz powder is soaked in the calcium lignosulfonate solution for 40-50 minutes. The polyacrylic acid solution is composed of polyacrylic acid emulsion and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; The mass ratio of the polyacrylic acid emulsion to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 100:(0.5~0.8); The polyacrylic acid emulsion has a mass fraction of 12-15 wt%; Ammonia solution is added dropwise to the polyacrylic acid solution to adjust its pH value to 8-8.5; The solid-liquid ratio of the powder to the polyacrylic acid solution is 1g:(3~4)mL; The immersion temperature of the powder in the polyacrylic acid solution is 35~45℃; The powder is soaked in the polyacrylic acid solution for 40-50 minutes. The drying temperature is 100~120℃; The drying time is 100-120 minutes.

9. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the preparation method of modified mica sheets, the solid-liquid ratio of the sericite sheets to the aluminum sulfate solution is 1g:(8~10)mL; The aluminum sulfate solution has a mass fraction of 8-10 wt%. Ammonia solution was added dropwise to the mica flake dispersion to adjust its pH value to 5.8-6.2; The stirring and heating temperature of the mica sheet dispersion is 55~65℃; The stirring and heating time for the mica sheet dispersion is 40-50 minutes; The tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is composed of tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water. The mass ratio of tetrabutyl titanate, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water is 1:(14~16):(0.35~0.45); The solid-liquid ratio of the coated mica sheet to the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is 1 g:(12~14) mL; The ultrasonic treatment power of the coated mica sheet and tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is 300~400W; The heating temperature of the coated mica sheet and the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is 50~60℃; The heating time for the coated mica sheet and the tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysate is 40-50 minutes. The drying temperature is 80~100℃; The drying time is 100-120 minutes.

10. The bathroom floor heating installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the waterproof coating is applied 2 to 3 times; The total dry film thickness of the waterproof layer is 1.5~2mm.

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