Adaptive hydraulic support dust barrier device and intelligent control method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of self-adapting hydraulic support dust barrier device, including slide rail assembly being connected with left shelter beam side guard plate, right shelter beam side guard plate respectively by telescopic rod, dust-accepting and dust-guiding assembly being connected with slide rail assembly and being arranged below slide rail assembly, and control system;Telescopic rod is driven by motor to adjust length by control system control;Dust-accepting and dust-guiding assembly is equipped with angle sensor, pressure sensor and structured light ranging sensor;Control system is used to adjust the length of telescopic rod according to the angle data, pressure data and distance data collected, ensure that the bottom inclination angle is always greater than the repose angle of dust while dust-accepting and dust-guiding assembly does not interfere with hydraulic support column.The present application also provides an intelligent control method of the device, predicts the interference risk of device and column in advance through LSTM network, and automatically adjusts the height of device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic support dust barrier technology, and relates to an adaptive hydraulic support dust barrier device and its intelligent control method. Background Technology

[0002] Production at a fully mechanized mining face is a dynamic process, and numerous factors influence dust concentration. Among these, the hydraulic supports generate significant dust during column lowering and relocation. Dust generation from hydraulic supports is a key and challenging aspect of dust control at fully mechanized mining faces. Dust spilled from the side seams of adjacent supports during column lowering and relocation spreads rapidly downwards under airflow, posing a greater hazard to personnel working inside the supports. The dust generation characteristics of hydraulic support column lowering and relocation are influenced by factors beyond just the physical and chemical properties of the coal and rock, the roof pressure of the hydraulic supports, and the structure of the hydraulic supports themselves. Currently used hydraulic support dust control devices effectively address this issue; however, existing devices are only applicable to fully mechanized mining faces with a mining height of 6-8m, and cannot be applied to other mining heights. Furthermore, their installation and disassembly are complex, and their level of automation is low, necessitating urgent improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive hydraulic support dust blocking device and its intelligent control method.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: On one hand, the present invention provides an adaptive hydraulic support dust blocking device, which is set between the side guard plates of the shield beams of two hydraulic supports placed side by side. It includes a slide rail assembly connected to the left and right side guard plates of the shield beams respectively by telescopic rods, a dust collecting and guiding assembly set below the slide rail assembly and connected to the slide rail assembly, and a control system; the telescopic rods are driven by a motor controlled by the control system to adjust their length. The dust collection and dust guiding assembly is equipped with an angle sensor, a pressure sensor, and a structured light distance sensor; the angle sensor is used to detect the bottom tilt angle of the dust collection and dust guiding assembly, the pressure sensor is used to detect the squeezing force that the bottom of the dust collection and dust guiding assembly may be subjected to from the hydraulic support column, and the structured light distance sensor is used to calculate the distance between the bottom of the dust collection and dust guiding assembly and the hydraulic support column. The control system is used to adjust the length of the telescopic rod based on the collected angle data, pressure data, and distance data, ensuring that the bottom inclination angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust while the dust collection and guiding component does not interfere with the hydraulic support column.

[0005] Furthermore, the slide rail assembly consists of a first slide rail, an end cover, multiple trolleys, a first motor, a first winch, and a first fixing plate; the trolleys are slidably connected to the first slide rail, the first fixing plate is fixedly connected to the trolleys, and the end cover is disposed at both ends of the slide rail; the trolleys are connected to the first winch via inclined steel wires, the first motor drives the first winch to rotate, and the first motor is controlled by a control system.

[0006] Furthermore, the telescopic rod extends and retracts via a second motor, which is controlled by a control system.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper end of the slide rail, the left protective beam side guard plate, the right protective beam side guard plate, and both ends of the telescopic rod are provided with buckles, and the buckles at both ends of the telescopic rod respectively cooperate with the buckles on the slide rail, the left protective beam side guard plate, and the right protective beam side guard plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the dust collection and guiding assembly includes a flexible baffle, a second fixed plate, a third fixed plate, a dust collection trough, a sliding dust collection trough, and a connecting plate; the second fixed plate is disposed below the first fixed plate and is fixedly connected to the first fixed plate via the connecting plate; the upper end of the flexible baffle is fixed via the first and second fixed plates, and the lower end of the flexible baffle is fixed via the third fixed plate; the dust collection trough and the sliding dust collection trough are disposed below the third fixed plate; the dust collection trough is fixedly connected to the third fixed plate; the sliding dust collection trough is disposed outside the dust collection trough and is slidably connected to the third fixed plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the control system controls the second motor to adjust the length of the four telescopic rods according to the collected pressure data, and corrects the length of the telescopic rods according to the collected bottom tilt angle data to ensure that the bottom tilt angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust.

[0010] Furthermore, the control system predicts and makes decisions in advance regarding the interference risk between the dust collection and guiding assembly and the hydraulic support column through the following steps: S1: Preprocess the historical tilt, pressure, distance, and height data, and divide them into training and testing sets; S2: Feature extraction from the training set; S3: Train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network using the training set; S4: Input the real-time collected tilt angle, pressure, distance and height data into the trained LSTM network to predict changes in working face height and the interference risk between the dust collection trough and the column; S5: When the interference risk is higher than the threshold, the control system automatically adjusts the length of the four telescopic rods and corrects the length of the telescopic rods based on the collected bottom tilt angle data to ensure that the bottom tilt angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a spray ejector pipe installed in the dust collection tank for continuously ejecting spray into the dust collection tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the control system includes a controller, an edge computing gateway, and a cloud-based IoT platform. The edge computing gateway is deployed underground near the working face to perform data preprocessing, temporary offline caching, and unified reporting to the cloud via MQTT over TLS or HTTPS. The cloud-based IoT platform is used to perform cloud computing on the preprocessed edge data, predict changes in working face height, and the collision risk between the dust collection trough and the support column. It sends commands to adjust the length of the telescopic boom to the controller via the edge computing gateway to control the extension and retraction of the boom. The controller is installed on the device and is used to control the operation of the first motor, the second motor, and various sensors.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention provides an intelligent control method for an adaptive hydraulic support dust-blocking device, comprising the following steps: When the support column is lowered and moved, one side of the support column first lowers and moves forward, the flexible baffle on that side curls and the width decreases, while the flexible baffle on the other side increases in width. The trolley on the other side moves along the first slide rail in the direction of support movement, and at the same time sends a movement signal to the control system. The control system controls the first motor to drive the first winch to pull all the trolleys on the first slide rail on that side to move synchronously. As the trolleys move, the sliding dust collection trough slides accordingly. After the support column on that side is moved, the support column on the other side lowers and moves until it returns to its supported state. When the working face is less than 6 meters high, or during the initial or final mining phase, the angle sensor detects the bottom inclination angle of the dust collection and dust guide assembly, the pressure sensor detects the possible squeezing force from the hydraulic support column on the bottom of the dust collection and dust guide assembly, and the structured light distance sensor calculates the distance between the dust collection trough or sliding dust collection trough and the hydraulic support column. The control system inputs the collected tilt angle data, pressure data, distance data and column height into the LSTM neural network to predict the risk of interference and squeezing between the dust collection trough or sliding dust collection trough and the column. When the risk is greater than the threshold, the control system controls the second motor to adjust the length of the four telescopic rods respectively, and corrects the length of the telescopic rods according to the collected bottom tilt angle data, so that the bottom tilt angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust. If the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor is not zero, it indicates that the column has squeezed the device. The control system then controls the second motor to fully retract the length of each of the four telescopic rods.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention grasps the influence mechanism of dust guiding effect, improves and optimizes the structure and material of existing sliding hydraulic support devices for high mining height, can adapt to the mining height fluctuation of fully mechanized mining face, and can upgrade them intelligently to realize self-diagnosis of device failure.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adaptive hydraulic support dust barrier device; Figure 2 Side view of the dust barrier device for adaptive hydraulic support; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slide rail assembly structure; Figure 4 Side view of the slide rail assembly; Figure 5-6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the dust barrier device for the adaptive hydraulic support. Reference numerals: 1. Slide rail assembly; 11. First slide rail; 12. End cap; 13. Trolley; 15. First winch; 14. First fixing plate; 2. Telescopic rod; 3. Dust collection and guiding assembly; 31. Flexible baffle; 32. Second fixing plate; 33. Third fixing plate; 34. Dust collection trough; 35. Sliding dust collection trough; 36. Connecting plate; 41. Angle sensor; 42. Pressure sensor; 43. Structured light ranging sensor; 5. Left side guard plate; 6. Right side guard plate; 7. Protective beam; 8. Top beam; 9. Column. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0018] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0019] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] Example 1: like Figure 1-6 As shown, this invention provides an adaptive hydraulic support dust-blocking device, installed between the side guard plates of the protective beams 7 of two side-by-side hydraulic supports, below the top beam 8. The device includes a slide rail assembly 1 connected to the left guard plate 5 and the right guard plate 6 respectively via telescopic rods 2, a dust-collecting and dust-guiding assembly 3 located below and connected to the slide rail assembly 1, and a control system. The slide rail assembly 1 consists of a first slide rail 11, an end cover 12, a trolley 13, a first motor, a first winch 15, and a first fixing plate 14. The dust-collecting and dust-guiding assembly 3 consists of a flexible baffle 31, a second fixing plate 32, a third fixing plate 33, a dust-collecting trough 34, a sliding dust-collecting trough 35, and a connecting plate 36.

[0021] One set of slide rail assembly 1 is arranged on each of the left guard plate 5 and the right guard plate 6, and the two are symmetrical. The upper end of the slide rail assembly 1 and the left guard plate 5 and the right guard plate 6 are all welded with buckles. Buckles are also provided at both ends of the telescopic rod 2. The buckles at both ends of the telescopic rod 2 cooperate with the buckles on the slide rail assembly 1, the left guard plate 5, and the right guard plate 6, so that the connection between the slide rail assembly 1 and the left guard plate 5 and the right guard plate 6 can be rotated.

[0022] The slide rail assembly 1 is mounted on the left side guard plate 5 and right side guard plate 6 of the hydraulic support via two sets of four telescopic rods 2 arranged along the length of the side guard plate. The telescopic rods 2 are extended and retracted by a second motor, thereby adjusting the distance between the dust blocking device and the side guard plate.

[0023] The trolley 13 in the slide rail assembly 1 can move along the first slide rail 11. The two ends of the first slide rail 11 are limited by end caps 12 to prevent the trolley 13 from sliding off the first slide rail 11. The first slide rail 11 is equipped with a first motor and a first winch 15. The trolley 13 is a four-pulley trolley and is connected to the first winch 15 by a diagonal steel wire. Under the drive of the control system, all trolleys 13 move synchronously when the hydraulic support column is lowered and the frame is moved to prevent the device from twisting. A first fixing plate 14 is connected below the trolley 13. Chain links are welded to both sides of the first fixing plate 14 and the second fixing plate 32. The connection between the first fixing plate 14 and the second fixing plate 32 is achieved by inserting D-shaped buckles into the chain links of both.

[0024] The first fixing plate 14 and the second fixing plate 32 are also fixed together by a connecting plate 36 to ensure that the flexible baffle 31 does not deflect in the direction perpendicular to the fixing plate during the movement of the hydraulic support dust blocking device.

[0025] The upper end of the flexible baffle 31 is fixed by the first fixing plate 14 and the second fixing plate 32, thereby suspending it below the trolley 13. The lower end of the flexible baffle 31 is fixed by the third fixing plate 33. The function of the third fixing plate 33 is to increase the rigidity of the rubber in the length direction and ensure that the dust collection and dust guiding assembly does not twist during the sliding process.

[0026] The lower end of the flexible baffle 31 is provided with a U-shaped dust collection trough 34 and a sliding dust collection trough 35. Both the dust collection trough 34 and the sliding dust collection trough 35 are made of flexible material. The dust collection trough 34 is fixedly connected to the third fixed plate 33. The sliding dust collection trough 35 is fitted onto the outside of the dust collection trough 34 and slidably connected to the third fixed plate 33. Specifically, a second slide rail is installed at the connection point between the lower end of the third fixed plate 33 and the sliding dust collection trough 35, and a pulley is installed at the upper end of the sliding dust collection trough 35. The pulley cooperates with the second slide rail, allowing the sliding dust collection trough 35 to slide within the slide rail of the third fixed plate 33. This design avoids direct interference between the bottom of the dust-blocking device and the column 9 of the hydraulic support after the height is lowered, and also avoids the problem of device deflection caused by the alternating movement of the two supports when the support column is lowered and moved.

[0027] An angle sensor 41, a pressure sensor 42, and a structured light distance sensor 43 are installed at the lower ends of the dust collection trough 34 and the sliding dust collection trough 35. The angle sensor 41 is used to detect the bottom tilt angle of the dust blocking device, the pressure sensor 42 is used to detect the squeezing force that the lower end of the dust collection trough 34 or the sliding dust collection trough 35 may be subjected to from the hydraulic support column 9, and the structured light distance sensor 43 is used to calculate the distance between the dust collection trough 34 or the sliding dust collection trough 35 and the hydraulic support column 9.

[0028] Optionally, the control system, based on the collected pressure data, controls the second motor to adjust the lengths of the four telescopic rods 2 respectively, and corrects the lengths of the telescopic rods 2 based on the collected bottom inclination angle data, ensuring that the bottom inclination angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust. This avoids damage to the device caused by changes in mining height, while also preventing dust from falling. The angle of repose of the dust is related to the coal and rock properties, particle size, and moisture content, and can be obtained through testing with an angle of repose tester.

[0029] Optionally, the control system can predict the risk of interference and collision with the device in advance and dynamically optimize the extension and retraction rhythm by means of the following methods.

[0030] Step 1: Collect the following historical data: bottom tilt angle of the device, pressure data of the dust collection trough, distance data between the dust collection trough and the hydraulic support column 9, and height of the hydraulic support column 9; Step 2: Preprocess the collected data, including data cleaning, synchronization and filtering, and divide it into training set and test set; Step 3: Extract features from the training set, including: for tilt angle data, extract the current tilt angle and the corresponding first derivative, with the target labels being the tilt angle deviation collision risk and dust falling risk at the future time t+Δt; for pressure data, extract the current pressure and short-term pressure fluctuation amplitude as features, with the target label being the probability of interference; for telescopic rod length data, extract the current telescopic length and the rate of change as features, with the target label being the optimal telescopic length; for distance data, extract the current distance and the rate of change of distance as features, with the target labels being the support pose prediction and the distance between the dust collection trough and column 9; for the predicted height data of the hydraulic support column 9, extract its height change as a feature, with the target labels being the working face mining height data corresponding to the height of column 9 and the corresponding distance between the dust collection trough and column 9. Step 4: Construct a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network, define the loss function as mean squared error, train the network using the above features, adjust the network weights using the backpropagation algorithm, and estimate the prediction accuracy of the model using the test set. Step 5: Use sensors to collect pressure, tilt angle, distance data and hydraulic support column 9 height data in real time, input them into the trained LSTM model, and predict changes in working face height and the collision risk between the dust collection trough and column 9. Step 6: When the predicted collision risk is higher than the threshold, the length of the four telescopic rods is automatically adjusted, and the length of the telescopic rods is corrected according to the collected bottom tilt angle data to ensure that the bottom tilt angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust. This avoids the problem of device compression damage caused by changes in mining height, while also ensuring that the dust does not fall.

[0031] Optionally, the control system includes a controller, an edge computing gateway, and a cloud-based IoT platform. The edge computing gateway is deployed underground near the working face to perform data preprocessing and temporary offline caching to ensure no data loss during network interruptions, and to uniformly report to the cloud via MQTT over TLS or HTTPS. The cloud-based IoT platform is located remotely and is used to perform cloud computing on the preprocessed edge data, predict changes in working face height, and the collision risk between the dust collection trough and the support column 9. It sends commands to adjust the length of the telescopic boom to the controller through the edge computing gateway to control the extension and retraction of the telescopic boom. The controller is installed on the device to control the operation of the first motor, the second motor, and various sensors.

[0032] Optionally, a spray ejector pipe is installed in the U-shaped dust collection space formed by the flexible baffle 31, the dust collection trough 34, and the sliding dust collection trough 35 to continuously eject spray into the space to achieve dust extraction and purification of the dust-laden airflow.

[0033] Optionally, in this embodiment, the flexible baffle 31 is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastic material, which has excellent wear resistance, high tensile strength, high tear strength and good flexibility.

[0034] Example 2: This embodiment provides an intelligent control method for an adaptive hydraulic support dust-blocking device, including the following steps: When the support column is lowered and moved, one side of the support column 9 descends and moves forward, for example, the left support column descends and moves forward first. As the left column 9 descends and moves forward, the flexible baffle 31 on the left side of the hydraulic support dust blocking device decreases in width, while the flexible baffle 31 on the right side increases in width. The right trolley 13 moves along the first slide rail 11 in the direction of support movement. After the right support descends and moves forward, the hydraulic support dust blocking device returns to its initial state. During this process, as the flexible baffle 31 deforms, the bottom sliding dust collection trough 35 moves accordingly, extending and retracting outside the dust collection trough 34. The spray ejector operates throughout the entire operation.

[0035] When a trolley 13 on one side begins to move, it sends a signal to the control system that it is about to move. This can be achieved by setting an acceleration sensor on the trolley 13. The control system immediately sends a signal to the first motor, driving the first winch 15 to pull all the trolleys 13 on the first slide rail 11 on that side to move synchronously. This avoids the problem of asynchronous movement of the trolleys 13 on the same slide rail, which would cause the flexible baffle 31 to twist.

[0036] When the working face height is less than 6 meters, or during the initial or final mining phases, the bottom dust collection trough 34 or sliding dust collection trough 35 of the dust barrier device may interfere with the column 9, causing the device to be squeezed and potentially leading to abnormal operation of the column 9. This problem can be detected by the pressure sensor 42 installed on the dust collection trough. At this time, the control device sends a command to the second motor to shorten the telescopic rod 2, and adjusts it based on the tilt angle data collected by the angle sensor 41, ensuring that the tilt angle at the bottom of the device can be automatically adjusted and always greater than the angle of repose of the dust. In one embodiment of the invention, the control system uses artificial intelligence algorithms to predict interference and collision risks in advance, dynamically optimizes the telescopic rhythm, and achieves early avoidance of risks, making it more intelligent.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive hydraulic support dust-blocking device, characterized in that: The device is positioned between the side guard plates of the shield beams of two hydraulic supports placed side by side. It includes a slide rail assembly connected to the left and right side guard plates of the shield beams respectively via telescopic rods, a dust collection and guiding assembly positioned below the slide rail assembly and connected to the slide rail assembly, and a control system. The telescopic rods are driven by a motor controlled by the control system to adjust their length. The dust collection and dust guiding assembly is equipped with an angle sensor, a pressure sensor, and a structured light distance sensor; the angle sensor is used to detect the bottom tilt angle of the dust collection and dust guiding assembly, the pressure sensor is used to detect the squeezing force that the bottom of the dust collection and dust guiding assembly may be subjected to from the hydraulic support column, and the structured light distance sensor is used to calculate the distance between the bottom of the dust collection and dust guiding assembly and the hydraulic support column. The control system is used to adjust the length of the telescopic rod based on the collected angle data, pressure data, and distance data, so as to ensure that the bottom inclination angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust while the dust collection and dust guiding component does not interfere with the hydraulic support column. The slide rail assembly consists of a first slide rail, end caps, multiple trolleys, a first motor, a first winch, and a first fixing plate; the trolleys are slidably connected to the first slide rail, the first fixing plate is fixedly connected to the trolleys, and the end caps are located at both ends of the slide rail; the trolleys are connected to the first winch via inclined steel wires, the first motor drives the first winch to rotate, and the first motor is controlled by a control system; The telescopic rod extends and retracts via a second motor, which is controlled by a control system. The dust collection and guiding assembly includes a flexible baffle, a second fixed plate, a third fixed plate, a dust collection trough, a sliding dust collection trough, and a connecting plate; the second fixed plate is disposed below the first fixed plate and is fixedly connected to the first fixed plate via the connecting plate; the upper end of the flexible baffle is fixed via the first and second fixed plates, and the lower end of the flexible baffle is fixed via the third fixed plate; the dust collection trough and the sliding dust collection trough are disposed below the third fixed plate; the dust collection trough is fixedly connected to the third fixed plate; the sliding dust collection trough is disposed outside the dust collection trough and is slidably connected to the third fixed plate. The control system controls the second motor to adjust the length of the four telescopic rods according to the collected pressure data, and corrects the length of the telescopic rods according to the collected bottom tilt angle data to ensure that the bottom tilt angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust. If the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor is not zero, it indicates that the column has squeezed the device. The control system then controls the second motor to fully retract the length of each of the four telescopic rods.

2. The dust-blocking device for adaptive hydraulic supports according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the slide rail, the left protective beam side guard plate, the right protective beam side guard plate, and both ends of the telescopic rod are provided with buckles. The buckles at both ends of the telescopic rod respectively cooperate with the buckles on the slide rail, the left protective beam side guard plate, and the right protective beam side guard plate.

3. The dust-blocking device for adaptive hydraulic supports according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system predicts and makes decisions in advance regarding the interference risk between the dust collection and guiding components and the hydraulic support column through the following steps: S1: Preprocess the historical tilt, pressure, distance, and height data, and divide them into training and testing sets; S2: Feature extraction from the training set; S3: Train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network using the training set; S4: Input the real-time collected tilt angle, pressure, distance and height data into the trained LSTM network to predict changes in working face height and the interference risk between the dust collection trough and the column; S5: When the interference risk is higher than the threshold, the control system automatically adjusts the length of the four telescopic rods and corrects the length of the telescopic rods based on the collected bottom tilt angle data to ensure that the bottom tilt angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust.

4. The dust-blocking device for adaptive hydraulic supports according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spray ejector pipe installed in the dust collection tank for continuously ejecting spray into the dust collection tank.

5. The adaptive hydraulic support dust-blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system includes a controller, an edge computing gateway, and a cloud-based IoT platform. The edge computing gateway is deployed underground near the working face to perform data preprocessing, temporary offline caching, and unified reporting to the cloud via MQTT over TLS or HTTPS. The cloud-based IoT platform is used to perform cloud computing on the pre-processed edge data, predict changes in working face height, and the risk of collision between the dust collection trough and the column. It sends commands to adjust the length of the telescopic rod to the controller through the edge computing gateway to control the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod. The controller is installed on the device to control the operation of the first motor, the second motor, and various sensors.

6. An intelligent control method for an adaptive hydraulic support dust-blocking device, characterized in that: The adaptive hydraulic support dust barrier device according to any one of claims 1-5 includes the following steps: When the support column is lowered and moved, one side of the support column first lowers and moves forward, the flexible baffle on that side curls and the width decreases, while the flexible baffle on the other side increases in width. The trolley on the other side moves along the first slide rail in the direction of support movement, and at the same time sends a movement signal to the control system. The control system controls the first motor to drive the first winch to pull all the trolleys on the first slide rail on that side to move synchronously. As the trolleys move, the sliding dust collection trough slides accordingly. After the support column on that side is moved, the support column on the other side lowers and moves until it returns to its supported state. When the working face is less than 6 meters high, or during the initial or final mining phase, the angle sensor detects the bottom inclination angle of the dust collection and dust guide assembly, the pressure sensor detects the possible squeezing force from the hydraulic support column on the bottom of the dust collection and dust guide assembly, and the structured light distance sensor calculates the distance between the dust collection trough or sliding dust collection trough and the hydraulic support column. The control system inputs the collected tilt angle data, pressure data, distance data and column height into the LSTM neural network to predict the risk of interference and squeezing between the dust collection trough or sliding dust collection trough and the column. When the risk is greater than the threshold, the control system controls the second motor to adjust the length of the four telescopic rods respectively, and corrects the length of the telescopic rods according to the collected bottom tilt angle data, so that the bottom tilt angle is always greater than the angle of repose of the dust. If the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor is not zero, it indicates that the column has squeezed the device. The control system then controls the second motor to fully retract the length of each of the four telescopic rods.

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