Friction ring, method for manufacturing friction ring, and brake disc

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction ring, a manufacturing method of the friction ring and a brake disc. The friction ring comprises a plurality of first parts and a plurality of second parts, each first part is provided with a first friction surface, each second part is provided with a second friction surface, the first friction surfaces and the second friction surfaces are alternately spliced together in the circumferential direction of the friction ring, and the first parts and the second parts are made of different materials. And the boundary line between the adjacent first friction surface and second friction surface is nonlinear. According to the friction ring, the first part and the second part of the friction ring are made of different materials, the situation that the whole friction ring is made of expensive wear-resistant materials is avoided, the production cost and the manufacturing difficulty of the friction ring are reduced, and the boundary line between the adjacent first friction surface and the second friction surface is nonlinear, so that the friction ring is more stable. The friction stability between the brake pad and the friction ring is facilitated, and the using effect of the friction ring is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, and in particular to a friction ring, a method for manufacturing the friction ring, and a brake disc. Background Art

[0002] Brake discs are a crucial component of rail vehicle braking systems. When braking, the caliper brake clamps the disc to slow or stop the vehicle. The disc consists of two friction rings, one on each side of the wheel. These friction rings rub against the brake pads of the caliper brake during braking.

[0003] Existing wear-resistant friction rings are generally made of relatively expensive wear-resistant materials, which results in high costs and are difficult to manufacture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a friction ring, a method for manufacturing a friction ring, and a brake disc with low cost and low manufacturing difficulty.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a friction ring, comprising a plurality of first portions and a plurality of second portions, wherein the first portions have a first friction surface, and the second portions have a second friction surface. The plurality of first portions and the plurality of second portions are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the friction ring, so that the plurality of first friction surfaces and the plurality of second friction surfaces are spliced ​​together in an alternating manner along the circumferential direction of the friction ring. The first portions and the second portions are made of different materials, and the boundary between adjacent first friction surfaces and second friction surfaces is non-linear.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the plurality of first friction surfaces and the plurality of second friction surfaces are in the same plane.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the boundary line between the first friction surface and the second friction surface is wavy.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the friction ring includes a main body, which includes a base portion and a plurality of first portions protruding from the base portion. The plurality of first portions are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the friction ring, and a receiving groove for accommodating the second portion is formed between two adjacent first portions.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the main body is annular, and the receiving groove penetrates the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the main body.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first friction surface is located on the front side of the main body, and the main body also includes a back side located on a different side from the front side in the thickness direction. The two side walls on the main body located on both sides of the width of any of the receiving grooves are respectively the first groove side wall and the second groove side wall of the receiving groove. In the direction approaching from the back side to the front side, the distance between the first groove side wall and the second groove side wall tends to gradually decrease, and the shape of the second part matches the shape of the receiving groove.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the wear resistance of the second part is greater than that of the first part, and the stability of the friction coefficient of the second part is better than that of the first part.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the total area of ​​the multiple second friction surfaces is area P, the total area of ​​the multiple first friction surfaces and the multiple second friction surfaces is area S, and the ratio of area P to area S is 40%~98%.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first part includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the friction ring, and a positioning portion located between the first extension portion and the second extension portion, and the width of the first extension portion and the second extension portion are both smaller than the width of the positioning portion.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the friction ring, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing a plurality of said second parts; Providing a mold, wherein a cavity matching the shape of the main body is formed in the mold; placing a plurality of the second parts at predetermined positions in the mold cavity; The liquid material of the main body is injected into the cavity, and then the material of the main body is cooled and formed.

[0015] The present invention also provides a brake disc, which includes the two friction rings mentioned above and a connecting structure for connecting the two friction rings to two sides of a wheel respectively. Beneficial effects: In the friction ring, friction ring manufacturing method and brake disc provided by the present invention, the first part and the second part of the friction ring are made of different materials, which avoids the friction ring being made of expensive wear-resistant materials as a whole, reduces the production cost and manufacturing difficulty of the friction ring, and the boundary line between adjacent first friction surfaces and second friction surfaces is non-linear, so that there is a transition area between adjacent first friction surfaces and second friction surfaces. Therefore, the part of the friction ring that contacts the brake pad can smoothly transition from the first friction surface to the second friction surface, which is beneficial to the friction stability between the brake pad and the friction ring and ensures the use effect of the friction ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of a brake disc and a wheel in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a friction ring provided in a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the friction ring has no through hole; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the plurality of second parts; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a friction ring provided in a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein a through hole is provided on the friction ring; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the lower right corner; Figure 7 A schematic perspective cross-sectional view of a friction ring provided in a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the friction ring is not provided with a through hole; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the plurality of second parts; Figure 9 for Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a friction ring provided in a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein a through hole is provided on the friction ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments do not limit the present invention, and any modifications to the mechanisms, methods, or functions made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Terms used herein to denote relative spatial positions, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "back," are used for ease of explanation to describe the relationship of one feature relative to another, as shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that, depending on the placement of the product, these terms may be intended to encompass orientations other than those depicted in the drawings and should not be construed as limitations on the claims. Furthermore, the descriptor "horizontal" as used herein does not necessarily mean perpendicular to gravity, although a certain degree of tilt is permitted.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the existing brake disc 200 is connected to a wheel 201 of a rail vehicle, and includes two friction rings 100 and a connection structure for connecting the two friction rings 100 to two sides of the wheel 201 respectively.

[0020] The connection structure includes fasteners and through holes opened on the friction ring 100. Each friction ring 100 is provided with multiple through holes, and the multiple through holes on the two friction rings 100 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The fasteners connect the two friction rings 100 to the two sides of the wheel 201 respectively through the through holes on the two friction rings 100.

[0021] The brake disc 200 is used in the braking system of a rail vehicle. The wheel 201 is connected to the axle of the rail vehicle. When the rail vehicle needs to slow down and stop, the caliper brake in the braking system clamps the brake disc 200, so that friction is generated between the brake pads on the caliper brake and the friction ring 100, thereby braking the wheel.

[0022] like Figure 2-4 As shown, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a friction ring 100 comprising a plurality of first portions 15 and a plurality of second portions 20. The first portions 15 have first friction surfaces 11, and the second portions 20 have second friction surfaces 21. The plurality of first portions 15 and the plurality of second portions 20 are alternately arranged along the circumference of the friction ring 100, such that the plurality of first friction surfaces 11 and the plurality of second friction surfaces 21 are alternately spliced ​​together along the circumference of the friction ring 100. When the friction ring 100 is in use, the plurality of alternating first friction surfaces 11 and the plurality of second friction surfaces 21 are configured to contact and rub against the brake pads of a caliper brake.

[0023] During the braking process of the rail vehicle, the friction ring 100 is in a rotating state, and the multiple first friction surfaces 11 and the multiple second friction surfaces 21 will contact and rub against the brake pad alternately and cyclically, and the brake pad will contact the multiple first friction surfaces 11 and the multiple second friction surfaces 21 of the friction ring 100 at the same time.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first portion 15 and the second portion 20 are made of different materials, which avoids the friction ring 100 being made entirely of expensive wear-resistant materials (for example, the second portion 20 is made of wear-resistant materials, while the first portion 15 is made of other materials), thereby reducing the production cost and manufacturing difficulty of the friction ring 100.

[0025] In this embodiment, the boundary line L between adjacent first friction surfaces 11 and second friction surfaces 21 is non-linear. This design creates a transition region between adjacent first friction surfaces 11 and second friction surfaces 21. This transition region comprises portions of the first friction surface 11 and second friction surface 21 that overlap along the radial direction of the friction ring 100. When the friction ring 100 is in contact with the brake pad, the portion of the friction ring 100 that contacts the brake pad does not abruptly transition directly from the first friction surface 11 to the second friction surface 21. Instead, it transitions smoothly from the first friction surface 11 to the second friction surface 21 via the transition region, which includes portions of the first friction surface 11 and the second friction surface 21.

[0026] As described above, the first portion 15 and the second portion 20 are made of different materials. Therefore, the friction force generated by the brake pad contacting the first friction surface 11 and the friction force generated by the brake pad contacting the second friction surface 21 are different. If the portion of the friction ring 100 that contacts the brake pad abruptly transitions directly from the first friction surface 11 to the second friction surface 21, this is detrimental to the friction stability between the brake pad and the friction ring 100, thereby affecting the performance of the friction ring 100. In this embodiment, the boundary line L between adjacent first friction surfaces 11 and second friction surfaces 21 is non-linear, resulting in a transition region between adjacent first friction surfaces 11 and second friction surfaces 21. As a result, the portion of the friction ring 100 that contacts the brake pad can smoothly transition from the first friction surface 11 to the second friction surface 21, which is beneficial to the friction stability between the brake pad and the friction ring 100 and ensures the performance of the friction ring 100.

[0027] In this embodiment, the plurality of first friction surfaces 11 and the plurality of second friction surfaces 21 are located in the same plane, that is, the plurality of first friction surfaces 11 and the plurality of second friction surfaces 21 form a plane in contact with and rub against the brake pad.

[0028] In other embodiments of the present invention, the friction ring 100 is not limited to use in the braking system of a rail vehicle. The plurality of first friction surfaces 11 and the plurality of second friction surfaces 21 may also form a curved surface or an annular surface when necessary.

[0029] In this embodiment, the boundary line L between the first friction surface 11 and the second friction surface 21 is wavy. The wavy boundary line L allows portions of the first friction surface 11 and the second friction surface 21 to be fully interwoven in the transition region, thereby facilitating a smooth transition from the first friction surface 11 to the second friction surface 21 in the portion of the friction ring 100 that contacts the brake pad through the transition region.

[0030] In other embodiments, the boundary line L may be a curved surface in other forms, or the boundary line L may be a broken line.

[0031] In this embodiment, the friction ring 100 includes a main body 10, which includes a base portion 14 and a plurality of first portions 15 protruding from the base portion 14. The plurality of first portions are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the friction ring 100, and a receiving groove 12 for accommodating the second portion 20 is formed between two adjacent first portions 15.

[0032] It can be seen that on the friction ring 100, the second portion 20 is limited by the two adjacent first portions 15. The boundary line L between the first friction surface 11 and the second friction surface 21 is designed to be non-linear, so that the first portion 15 and the second portion 20 cannot move relative to each other in the radial direction of the friction ring 100. In this way, the second portion 20 cannot move relative to the main body 10 in the radial direction of the friction ring 100.

[0033] It is conceivable that if the boundary line L between the adjacent first friction surface 11 and the second friction surface 21 is non-linear, then the interface F between the adjacent first portion 15 and the second portion 20 is non-planar. For example, if the boundary line L between the first friction surface 11 and the second friction surface 21 is wavy, the interface F between the first portion 15 and the second portion 20 is also wavy.

[0034] In this embodiment, the main body 10 is annular, and the receiving groove 12 extends through the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the main body 10. The side of the receiving groove 12 close to the center of the friction ring 100 and the side away from the center of the friction ring 100 are both open. However, as described above, the boundary line L between the first friction surface 11 and the second friction surface 21 is designed to be non-linear, which prevents the second portion 20 from moving relative to the main body 10 in the radial direction of the friction ring 100. Therefore, even if both sides of the receiving groove 12 are open, the second portion 20 cannot escape from the receiving groove 12 in the radial direction of the friction ring 100.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first friction surface 11 is located on the front side of the main body 10. The main body 10 also includes a back side located on a different side from the front side in the thickness direction, that is, one side of the main body 10 in the thickness direction is the front side and the other side is the back side.

[0036] The two side walls on the main body 10, located on either side of the width direction of any receiving groove 12, are respectively the first groove side wall 122 and the second groove side wall 123 of the receiving groove 12. As the distance between the first groove side wall 122 and the second groove side wall 123 of the same receiving groove 12 approaches from the back toward the front, the distance between them gradually decreases. Thus, the receiving groove 12 has a trapezoidal cross-section. The shape of the second portion 20 matches that of the receiving groove 12, and the cross-section of the second portion 20 also has a trapezoidal shape. This arrangement ensures that the second portion 20 cannot separate from the main body 10 along the thickness direction of the main body 10, further limiting the relative position between the main body 10 and the second portion 20.

[0037] It is conceivable that in order to ensure that the second portion 20 cannot separate from the main body 10 along the thickness direction of the main body 10, the cross section of the receiving groove 12 can also be in other shapes, for example, the cross section of the receiving groove 12 can also be roughly in a "convex" shape.

[0038] In this embodiment, the second portion 20 is made of a material that is more wear-resistant and has better friction stability than the first portion 15. Specifically, the second portion 20 has a greater wear resistance than the first portion 15, and the friction coefficient of the second portion 20 is more stable than that of the first portion 15. When the friction ring 100 is in use, friction between the second portion 20 and the brake pad is the primary source of friction.

[0039] It should be noted that the stability of the friction coefficient refers to the ability of a material to maintain a stable friction coefficient under different environmental conditions (such as different temperatures and humidity). The better the stability of the material's friction coefficient, the smaller the variation in its friction coefficient under different environmental conditions. Conversely, the worse the stability of the material's friction coefficient, the greater the variation in its friction coefficient under different environmental conditions.

[0040] Specifically, the second portion 20 can be made of an aluminum-based composite material with a high SiC content to have good wear resistance. The main body 10 can be made of an aluminum alloy to reduce the overall weight of the friction ring 100, or can be made of steel to have good mechanical properties.

[0041] In this embodiment, the sum of the areas of the second friction surfaces 21 is area P, the sum of the areas of the first friction surfaces 11 and the second friction surfaces 21 is area S, and the ratio of area P to area S is 40% to 98%.

[0042] Theoretically, a higher ratio of area P to area S results in better wear resistance of the friction ring 100 . However, a higher ratio of area P to area S requires more material for the second portion 20 , which increases the manufacturing cost of the friction ring 100 . Therefore, the ratio of area P to area S can be adjusted to a moderate value based on actual needs.

[0043] In this embodiment, Figure 5-6 As shown, multiple second parts 20 are each provided with a positioning hole 22, and the base portion 14 of the main body 10 is connected with multiple positioning protrusions 16 that respectively match the multiple positioning holes 22. The positioning holes 22 and the positioning protrusions 16 cooperate with each other to limit the position of the second part 20, so that the second part 20 cannot move along the radial direction of the friction ring 100.

[0044] In order to enable the friction ring 100 to be connected to the disc body 201 of the brake disc 200 , a plurality of through holes 30 are further defined in the friction ring 100 . In this embodiment, the through holes 30 pass through the positioning protrusions 16 and the base portion 14 of the main body 10 .

[0045] like Figure 7-9 As shown, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a friction ring 100. The difference from the first embodiment is that, in the second embodiment, the first portion 15 includes a first extension portion 151 and a second extension portion 152 arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the friction ring 100, and a positioning portion 153 located between the first extension portion 151 and the second extension portion 152. In addition, the width of the first extension portion 151 and the width of the second extension portion 152 are both smaller than the width of the positioning portion 153.

[0046] As can be seen, with this arrangement, the boundary line L between the first friction surface 11 and the second friction surface 21 comprises two straight lines and one curved line, resulting in an overall non-linear shape. The interface F between the second portion 20 and the first portion 15 comprises two flat surfaces and one curved surface, resulting in an overall non-planar shape. With this design, the positioning portion 153 prevents the second portion 20 from moving relative to the main body 10 in the radial direction of the friction ring 100.

[0047] The positioning portion 153 is circular and can be used to open the through hole 30. Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the through hole 30 for connecting the friction ring 100 to the disc body 201 of the brake disc 200 passes through the positioning portion 153 and the base portion 14 of the main body 10 .

[0048] Except for the technical contents described above that are different from those of the first embodiment, the rest of the technical contents of this embodiment are the same as those of the second embodiment, and thus are not described in detail.

[0049] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the friction ring 100, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing a second portion 20; Providing a mold, wherein a cavity matching the shape of the main body 10 is formed in the mold; placing the second portion 20 at a predetermined position within the mold cavity; The liquid material of the main body 10 is injected into the cavity, and then the material of the main body 10 is cooled and formed.

[0050] In the above steps, the second portion 20 is first manufactured, then placed into the mold cavity. The liquid material of the main body 10 is then injected into the cavity. After the main body 10 material cools, its shape is fixed. Since the second portion 20 has been pre-placed in the mold cavity, the finished main body 10 can encase the second portion 20. After cooling, the main body 10 forms a receiving groove 12 that matches the shape of the second portion 20. By using the above steps to manufacture the friction ring 100, the main body 10 and the second portion 20, made of different materials, can be effectively combined to form the friction ring 100.

[0051] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A friction ring, characterized in that: The friction ring comprises a plurality of first parts and a plurality of second parts, wherein the first parts have a first friction surface, and the second parts have a second friction surface. The plurality of first parts and the plurality of second parts are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the friction ring so that the plurality of first friction surfaces and the plurality of second friction surfaces are spliced ​​together in an alternating manner along the circumferential direction of the friction ring. The first parts and the second parts are made of different materials, and the boundary line between adjacent first friction surfaces and second friction surfaces is non-linear.

2. The friction ring according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of first friction surfaces and the plurality of second friction surfaces are located in the same plane.

3. The friction ring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The boundary line between the first friction surface and the second friction surface is wavy.

4. The friction ring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The friction ring includes a main body, which includes a base portion and a plurality of first portions protruding from the base portion. The plurality of first portions are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the friction ring, and a receiving groove for receiving the second portion is formed between two adjacent first portions.

5. The friction ring according to claim 4, characterized in that The main body is annular, and the receiving groove penetrates the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the main body.

6. The friction ring according to claim 4, characterized in that The first friction surface is located on the front side of the main body, and the main body also includes a back side located on a different side from the front side in the thickness direction. The two side walls on the main body located on both sides of the width of any of the receiving grooves are respectively the first groove side wall and the second groove side wall of the receiving groove. In the direction approaching from the back side to the front side, the distance between the first groove side wall and the second groove side wall tends to gradually decrease, and the shape of the second part matches the shape of the receiving groove.

7. The friction ring according to claim 1, characterized in that The wear resistance of the second part is greater than that of the first part, and the stability of the friction coefficient of the second part is better than that of the first part.

8. The friction ring according to claim 2, characterized in that The total area of ​​the plurality of second friction surfaces is area P, the total area of ​​the plurality of first friction surfaces and the plurality of second friction surfaces is area S, and the ratio of area P to area S is 40% to 98%.

9. The friction ring according to claim 4, characterized in that The first portion includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion spaced apart in a radial direction of the friction ring, and a positioning portion located between the first extension portion and the second extension portion. The widths of the first extension portion and the second extension portion are both smaller than the width of the positioning portion.

10. A method for manufacturing a friction ring according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: manufacturing a plurality of said second parts; Providing a mold, wherein a cavity matching the shape of the main body is formed in the mold; placing a plurality of the second parts at predetermined positions in the mold cavity; The liquid material of the main body is injected into the cavity, and then the material of the main body is cooled and formed.

11. A brake disc, characterized in that: The invention comprises two friction rings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and a connecting structure for connecting the two friction rings to two sides of a wheel respectively.

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