Load measuring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a load measuring device, which comprises a fixing mechanism, a transmitting mechanism and a measuring piece, and is characterized in that the fixing mechanism is provided with a fixing area for fixing an impacted main body; the launching mechanism comprises a launching part and an impact body, the launching part is connected with the fixing mechanism, the launching end of the launching part faces the fixing area and is used for providing impact force, one end of the impact body is arranged at the launching end, the other end of the impact body extends towards the fixing area to form an impact face, and under the action of the impact force provided by the launching part, the impact face is located at the launching end. The impact body can move in the axial direction from the transmitting end to the fixed area and makes contact with the impacted body through the impact face. The measuring end of the measuring piece is fixed in the non-impact surface area of the impact body and is used for measuring the load generated when the impact body acts on the impacted main body; the measuring piece can be effectively prevented from being damaged due to direct impact in the impact process, the measuring piece can be repeatedly used, the durability of the measuring piece is improved, and the service life of the measuring piece is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of icebreaking water entry load measurement, and in particular to a load measuring device. Background Art

[0002] Icebreaking operations are an integral part of marine engineering, polar exploration, and shipping. Traditional icebreaking methods often rely on large icebreakers or specialized icebreaking equipment. These devices are subject to enormous loads during the icebreaking process, posing a severe challenge to their structural strength and service life. To accurately evaluate the performance of icebreaking equipment, optimize icebreaking strategies, and minimize equipment wear and tear, precise measurement of loads during the icebreaking process is crucial. In icebreaking tests or impact load testing, it is often necessary to measure the dynamic loads on projectiles during high-speed impacts.

[0003] Publication number CN116147884A provides a water impact load measurement system, comprising a base, a lifting plate, a connecting plate, and a pressure sensor. The measurement system has a lifting mechanism at the top of the base, which is used to control the test piece to rise or fall. The bottom of the lifting plate is connected to a connecting plate via an adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the angle of the test piece. The bottom of the connecting plate is connected to the test piece via multiple clamping mechanisms. Furthermore, a display is mounted on the top of the base, a pressure sensor is mounted on the bottom of the test piece, and an acceleration sensor is mounted on the top of the connecting plate. The acceleration sensor can measure the acceleration of the test piece as it descends. The display is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the acceleration sensor, respectively. When the test piece impacts the water inside the water tank, the pressure sensor at the bottom of the test piece transmits the measurement data to the display for display.

[0004] However, during the icebreaking water entry test, the impact load generated at the moment of icebreaking can reach several MPa. This value is far beyond the range that conventional pressure sensors can withstand, and can easily cause overload damage to the acceleration sensor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and to provide a load measuring device to solve the technical problem in the prior art that load measuring devices are easily damaged by overload.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a load measuring device, comprising: a fixing mechanism, a launching mechanism and a measuring piece, wherein the fixing mechanism has a fixing area for fixing an impacted body; the launching mechanism comprises a launching piece and an impact body, wherein the launching piece is connected to the fixing mechanism, and its launching end is arranged toward the fixing area for providing an impact force, one end of the impact body is arranged at the launching end, and the other end extends toward the fixing area to form an impact surface, and under the action of the impact force provided by the launching piece, the impact body can move axially from the launching end to the fixing area, and contact the impacted body through the impact surface; the measuring end of the measuring piece is fixed at the non-impact surface area of ​​the impact body, and is used to measure the load generated when the impact body acts on the impacted body.

[0007] In some embodiments, the measuring component includes a strain gauge and a data acquisition module. The strain gauge is fixed to the side wall of the impact body and connected to the data acquisition module via a wire. The data acquisition module is connected to the transmitting component for receiving deformation data of the strain gauge.

[0008] In some embodiments, the load measuring device also includes a limit interception mechanism, which includes a stopper and an interception member, and the stopper is connected to the impact body; the interception member is connected to the fixing mechanism and is located on the movement path of the impact body, and a through opening is provided at a position corresponding to the impact body, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the through opening is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact body and smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the stopper.

[0009] In some embodiments, the intercepting member includes a buffer portion, an anti-rebound portion and a locking portion. The buffer portion is connected to the fixing mechanism, which corresponds to the stop member and is used to block and buffer the impact of the stop member after the impact body hits the impacted body; the anti-rebound portion is rotatably connected to the buffer portion, and its rotation stroke has a first position that is unfolded outside the buffer portion, and a second position corresponding to the buffer end of the buffer portion. When the anti-rebound portion is in the second position, a limited space is formed between the buffer end and the anti-rebound portion, and the stop member is limited in the limited space after hitting the buffer end; the locking portion, the buffer portion and the anti-rebound portion are used to lock the anti-rebound portion in the second position.

[0010] In some embodiments, the buffer portion includes a mounting plate, a first elastic buffer, a buffer plate and a second elastic buffer. The mounting plate is connected to the fixing mechanism. The side of the buffer plate facing away from the stop member is connected to the mounting plate through the first buffer member, and the side corresponding to the stop member is provided with a second elastic buffer member.

[0011] In some embodiments, the anti-rebound part includes a right-angle plate and a third elastic buffer. One end of the right-angle plate is rotatably connected to the buffer plate, and the other end is provided with a third elastic buffer. When the anti-rebound part rotates from the first station to the second station, the third elastic buffer corresponds to the second elastic buffer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the locking part includes a limit seat, a limit block and an elastic member. The limit seat is installed on the mounting plate, one end of the limit block is rotatably connected to the limit seat, and the other end is connected to the limit seat through an elastic member. A limit groove is opened on the right-angle plate at a position corresponding to the limit block. When the anti-rebound part rotates from the first station to the second station, the elastic member can drive the limit block to be stuck in the limit groove, thereby locking the anti-rebound part in the second station.

[0013] In some embodiments, at least two groups of the anti-rebound portion and the locking portion are provided, and the at least two groups of the anti-rebound portion and the locking portion are evenly arranged around the buffer portion.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fixing mechanism includes a water tank and multiple ice plate fixing parts. The water tank is used to hold the cooling medium. The multiple ice plate fixing parts are respectively arranged on both sides of the box opening of the water tank, and a fixing area for fixing the ice plate is formed between each of the ice plate fixing parts.

[0015] In some embodiments, the ice plate fixing member includes a telescopic driving member, a fixing seat, a clamping driving member and a fixing plate. The telescopic driving member is installed on the side wall of the water tank, the fixing seat is connected to the driving end of the telescopic driving member, and the clamping driving member is installed on the fixing seat. The fixing plate is provided at its driving end for driving the fixing plate to move relative to one end of the fixing seat to clamp or release the ice plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the load measurement device provided by the present invention comprises a fixing mechanism, a launching mechanism, and a measuring member. The fixing mechanism is used to fix the impacted body, and the launching end of the launching member is arranged toward the fixing area. Under the action of the launching member, the impact body can impact the impacted body at high speed, simulating the impact load conditions in extreme environments such as breaking ice and entering water. The measuring member can accurately sense and record the load data received by the impact body during the process of breaking ice and entering water in real time. This data is of great reference value for studying the mechanism of breaking ice and entering water, optimizing the design of icebreaking equipment, and improving icebreaking efficiency. Among them, the measuring end of the measuring member is fixed to the non-impact surface area of ​​the impact body, effectively avoiding damage to the measuring member caused by direct impact during the impact process. The measuring member can be reused, which improves the durability and service life of the measuring member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a load measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a launcher of a load measurement device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the load measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the anti-rebound portion of the position limiting interception mechanism is in the first position; Figure 4 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the load measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the anti-rebound portion of the position limiting and intercepting mechanism is in the second position; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 1. Fixing mechanism; 11. Telescopic drive member; 12. Fixing seat; 13. Clamping drive member; 14. Fixing plate; 15. Mounting frame; 16. Fixing platform; 17. Water tank; 18. Impacted body; 2. Launching mechanism; 21. Launching element; 211. Mounting cylinder; 212. Air source; 2121. Pump body; 2122. First spring; 2123. Choke plug; 2124. Conducting drive element; 2125. Air compressor; 22. Impact element; 3. Measuring device; 31. Strain gauge; 32. Data acquisition module; 4. Limiting interception mechanism; 41. Stopper; 411. Baffle; 42. Interceptor; 421. Buffer portion; 4211. Mounting plate; 4212. First elastic buffer; 4213. Buffer plate; 4214. Second elastic buffer; 4215. First buffer contact plate; 422. Anti-rebound portion; 4221. Right-angle plate; 4222. Limiting groove; 4223. Third elastic buffer; 4224. Second buffer contact plate; 423. Locking portion; 4231. Limiting seat; 4232. Limiting block; 4233. Elastic member; 43. Fixing bracket; 44. Positioning plate; 45. Support plate; 46. Rubber pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] In order to solve the technical problem that load measuring devices are easily damaged by overload, the present invention provides a load measuring device that can effectively prevent damage to the measuring piece caused by direct impact during the impact process. The measuring piece can be reused, thereby improving the durability and service life of the measuring piece.

[0021] It should be noted that the load measuring device described in the present invention is used for but not limited to load measurement in ice-breaking water entry tests. For the sake of convenience, in the present invention, only the load measuring device applied to the load measurement of ice-breaking water entry tests is used as an example for explanation. The principles of applying the load measuring device to other types of tests or other application scenarios are essentially the same as the principles applied to load measurement in ice-breaking water entry tests, and will not be elaborated here.

[0022] See also Figures 1 to 6 The load measuring device includes: a fixing mechanism 1, a launching mechanism 2 and a measuring piece 3. The fixing mechanism 1 has a fixing area for fixing the impacted body 18; the launching mechanism 2 includes a launching piece 21 and an impact body 22. The launching piece 21 is connected to the fixing mechanism 1, and its launching end is set toward the fixing area for providing impact force. One end of the impact body 22 is set at the launching end, and the other end extends toward the fixing area to form an impact surface. Under the action of the impact force provided by the launching piece 21, the impact body 22 can move axially from the launching end to the fixing area, and contact with the impacted body 18 through the impact surface to transmit the impact load; the measuring end of the measuring piece 3 is fixed at the non-impact surface area of ​​the impact body 22, and is used to measure the load generated when the impact body 22 acts on the impacted body 18.

[0023] In this device, the fixing area of ​​the fixing mechanism 1 can secure the impacted body 18, ensuring its stability during testing and avoiding measurement errors caused by shaking or displacement. The launch end of the launch element 21 is positioned toward the fixing area, ensuring that the impact body 22 can accurately act on the impacted body 18, thereby improving test accuracy. One end of the impact body 22 is positioned at the launch end, while the other end forms an impact surface. When the launch mechanism 2 is in operation, the impact body 22, under the action of the launch element 21, moves toward the fixing area and impacts the impacted body 18 at high speed, simulating the impact load conditions experienced in extreme environments such as breaking through ice and entering water. Simultaneously, the measuring element 3 accurately captures the load data generated by the impact body 22 during the collision, thereby achieving quantitative measurement of the impact energy. Furthermore, the measuring end of the measuring element 3 is fixed to the non-impact surface area of ​​the impact body 22, preventing the measuring element 3 from being directly impacted during the impact process, effectively preventing damage to the measuring element 3 caused by direct impact.

[0024] It should be noted that the non-impact surface area is the side surface, top end or internal cavity of the impact body.

[0025] In one embodiment, the impact body 22 is a slender rod, and the impacted body 18 is an ice plate. The measuring end of the measuring piece 3 is located at the end of the slender rod away from the impact surface. This design ensures that the measuring piece 3 is only subjected to the indirect impact force transmitted by the impact body 22 during the impact process, without being directly impacted, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data and the service life of the measuring piece 3. The material and thickness of the ice plate used as the impacted body 18 can be adjusted according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different testing scenarios.

[0026] Of course, in other possible embodiments, when the device is applied to other types of impact tests or actual scenarios, the impact body 22 and the impacted body 18 are not limited to these and can be selected and adjusted according to actual needs. For example, in a simulated vehicle collision test, the impact body 22 can be a collision block with a specific mass and shape, and the impacted body 18 can be a structural component of the vehicle. By adjusting the mass and speed of the collision block, as well as the material and shape of the vehicle structural component, the impact load conditions under different collision conditions can be simulated.

[0027] See also Figure 1 Preferably, in this embodiment, the measuring element 3 includes a strain gauge 31 and a data acquisition module 32. The strain gauge 31 is fixed to the side wall of the impact body 22 and connected to the data acquisition module 32 via a wire. The data acquisition module 32 is mounted on the mounting bracket 15 provided on the fixing mechanism 1. During the test, the strain gauge 31 can capture the slight deformation of the side wall of the impact body 22 during the impact process in real time. The deformation data can reflect the load of the impact body 22 on the impacted body 18. The data acquisition module 32 is responsible for receiving the deformation data from the strain gauge 31, processing it, and storing it. The data acquisition module 32 is connected to the display screen, which can display the deformation data in real time, allowing users to intuitively observe and record the test results.

[0028] In addition, the data acquisition module 32 can also be connected to a computer or other data processing equipment to achieve further analysis and processing of the data, providing users with more comprehensive test reports and data support.

[0029] Of course, in other possible embodiments, measuring element 3 may also employ other types of sensors or measuring devices, as long as they can measure the impact load in the non-contact area of ​​impact body 22. For example, measuring element 3 may employ a laser Doppler vibrometer, an electromagnetic sensor, a capacitive displacement sensor, or the like. A laser Doppler vibrometer uses the Doppler effect to measure the surface vibration velocity or displacement caused by the impact to measure the impact load. An electromagnetic sensor detects changes in the electromagnetic field caused by the displacement or velocity of the impact body to measure the impact load. A capacitive displacement sensor measures displacement by changing the distance between the electrodes, indirectly inferring the impact force.

[0030] To simulate the impact loads of breaking ice and entering water, in this embodiment, the fixing mechanism 1 includes a water tank 17 and multiple ice plate fixings. The water tank 17 is used to hold the cooling medium. The multiple ice plate fixings are respectively arranged on both sides of the tank opening 17. The areas between the ice plate fixings form a fixing area for the ice plate, thus simulating a real underwater environment. During testing, users can adjust the cooling medium temperature in the water tank 17 according to specific test requirements to simulate impact loads under different water temperatures.

[0031] In one embodiment, the ice board fixing member includes a telescopic drive member 11, a fixing seat 12, a clamping drive member 13, and a fixing plate 14. Specifically, the telescopic drive member 11 is a cylinder, and the clamping drive member 13 is a screw. The cylinder is fixedly installed horizontally on the side wall of the water tank 17. The fixing seat 12 is connected to the driving end of the cylinder and can be moved toward the middle of the water tank 17 or away from the middle of the water tank 17 under the drive of the cylinder. In order to adjust the position of the clamping structure such as the fixing seat 12 according to the size of the ice board, it can adapt to ice boards of different sizes. The fixing seat 12 adopts a C-shaped structure. The screw passes through the top of the fixing seat 12 and is threadedly connected to the fixing seat 12. A handle is provided on the top of the screw, and the bottom is a driving end and is provided with a fixing plate 14, which is used to drive the fixing plate 14 to move relative to the bottom end of the fixing seat 12, so as to clamp or release the ice board. The adjustable design of the screw enables the structure to adapt to ice plates of different thicknesses. The coordinated operation of the telescopic drive member 11 and the clamping drive member 13 ensures the stability and accuracy of the ice plate during the test.

[0032] When the ice plate needs to be clamped, first place the ice plate between the fixing seats 12, then use the cylinder to drive the fixing seats 12 to move toward the middle of the water tank 17 until the edge of the ice plate is located in the fixing seats 12, then turn the handle to drive the fixing plate 14 at the bottom of the screw to move toward the ice plate until the fixing plate 14 presses the upper surface of the ice plate, fixing the edge of the ice plate, and achieving stable clamping of the ice plate.

[0033] It should be noted that in this solution, the telescopic drive member 11 and the clamping drive member 13 are not limited thereto, and other forms of drive mechanisms such as electric push rods and hydraulic cylinders can also be used, as long as they can meet the requirements of stable clamping and position adjustment of the ice plate.

[0034] In other possible embodiments, the ice plate fixing member may also adopt other structural forms. For example, the ice plate fixing member may be designed as a magnetic fixing structure, which uses the magnetic force generated by an electromagnet or a permanent magnet to attract the ice plate, thereby achieving rapid fixing and release of the ice plate. The ice plate fixing member may also be designed as a snap-fit ​​fixing structure, which achieves ice plate fixation by engaging the snap-fit ​​member with a slot on the edge of the ice plate.

[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2In some possible embodiments, the launcher 21 includes a mounting cylinder 211 and an air source 212, and the fixing mechanism 1 further includes a mounting frame 15 and a fixing platform 16. The fixing platform 16 is fixed to the outside of the water tank 17, and the mounting frame 15 is fixed to the fixing platform 16. The mounting cylinder 211 is fixed to the mounting frame 15. One end of the mounting cylinder 211 is used to connect to the impact body 22, and the other end forms a cavity and is connected to the air source 212. The air source 212 is used to provide gas pressure to the impact body 22, thereby propelling the impact body 22 to break the ice and enter the water.

[0036] In one embodiment, the air source 212 includes a pump body 2121, a first spring 2122, a flow block 2123, a conductive drive member 2124, and an air compressor 2125. The pump body 2121 is internally provided with a receiving chamber, which is connected to the interior of the mounting cylinder 211 via a connecting hole. The flow block 2123 is slidably disposed within the receiving chamber. One end of the first spring 2122 is connected to the flow block 2123, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the receiving chamber. The conductive drive member 2124 is connected to the flow block 2123 to drive the flow block 2123 to slide within the receiving chamber. The air compressor 2125 is connected to the pump body 2121 via a pipe, used to deliver gas into the pump body 2121 through the pipe. When the conductive driver 2124 drives the choke 2123 to slide away from the through hole, a conductive channel is formed between the choke 2123 and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber. Gas enters the mounting cylinder 211 through the conductive channel and the connecting hole, thereby pushing the impact body 22 to break the ice and enter the water. When the conductive driver 2124 resets, the first spring 2122 generates a reset force that drives the choke 2123 to slide toward the connecting hole. The choke 2123 blocks the conductive channel and prevents gas from entering the pump body 2121.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, the conduction driver 2124 is a cylinder, the driving end of which is connected to the choke 2123. The cylinder is mounted within the pump body 2121. By controlling the expansion and contraction of the cylinder, the choke 2123 can be driven to slide within the accommodating chamber, thereby controlling the conduction and cutoff of the gas. Of course, in other embodiments, the conduction driver 2124 can also be a drive mechanism such as an electromagnet or a motor, as long as it can meet the requirements for stable drive and control of the choke 2123.

[0038] In other possible embodiments, the launcher 21 can also adopt other structural forms. For example, the launcher 21 can be designed as an electromagnetic launcher. The electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic launcher is fixed to the mounting frame 15, and the impact body 22 is placed within the electromagnetic coil. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, a strong magnetic field is generated, which exerts a force on the impact body 22, propelling the impact body 22 at high speed. By adjusting the current and voltage of the electromagnetic coil, the speed and impact force of the impact body 22 can be controlled to meet the needs of different testing scenarios. In addition, the launcher 21 can also be designed as a gunpowder launcher, etc.

[0039] During the icebreaking test, the slender rod will continue to move underwater if it is not intercepted after being launched at high speed. However, excessive movement may cause the wires of the strain gauge 31 to be pulled violently, thus affecting data collection. In extreme impact conditions, the wires may even be directly torn off, resulting in test failure. To prevent the above situation from happening, please refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the load measurement device further includes a position limiting and intercepting mechanism 4, which includes a stopper 41 and an intercepting member 42. The stopper 41 is fixedly connected to the impact body 22 and is located below the strain gauge 31. The intercepting member 42 is connected to the fixing mechanism 1 and is located in the motion path of the impact body 22. A through opening is provided at a position corresponding to the impact body 22. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through opening is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact body 22 and smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the stopper 41. After the impact body 22 is launched, it will pass through the opening of the intercepting member 42 and move toward the impacted body 18. Subsequently, the impact body 22 hits the impacted body 18 and continues to move underwater. At the same time, the stopper 41 will move with the impact body 22. However, because its cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening of the intercepting member 42, when the stopper 41 moves to the opening position, it will be blocked by the intercepting member 42 and cannot move forward. This intercepts and limits the impact body 22 and its connected stopper 41, avoiding the problem of wire pulling or damage caused by excessive movement of the impact body 22. At the same time, because the strain gauge 31 is fixed to the side wall of the impact body 22 rather than directly exposed to the impact path, it is also effectively protected, ensuring the stability and accuracy of data acquisition.

[0040] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4In some possible embodiments, the intercepting member 42 includes a buffer portion 421, an anti-rebound portion 422 and a locking portion 423. The buffer portion 421 is connected to the fixing mechanism 1, which corresponds to the stopper 41 and is used to block and buffer the impact of the stopper 41 after the impact body 22 hits the impacted body 18; the anti-rebound portion 422 is rotatably connected to the buffer portion 421, and its rotation stroke has a first position deployed outside the buffer portion 421 and a second position corresponding to the buffer end of the buffer portion 421. When the anti-rebound portion 422 is in the first position, the anti-rebound portion 422 is deployed outside the buffer portion 421 and does not affect In response to the normal movement of the impact body 22, when the anti-rebound part 422 is in the second position, a limited space is formed between the buffer end and the anti-rebound part 422, and the stopper 41 is limited in the limited space after hitting the buffer end, which can form a protection for the buffer part 421, and prevent the stopper 41 from rebounding after hitting the buffer part 421, thereby preventing a secondary impact on the measuring piece 3; the locking part 423 and the buffer part 421 and the anti-rebound part 422 are used to lock the anti-rebound part 422 in the second position to ensure that the anti-rebound part 422 remains stably in the limited space after the impact body 22 hits, to prevent it from rotating or moving accidentally.

[0041] See also Figures 3 to 5In one embodiment, the stopper 41 includes a baffle 411, the buffer portion 421 includes a mounting plate 4211, a first elastic buffer 4212, a buffer plate 4213 and a second elastic buffer 4214, the anti-rebound portion 422 includes a right-angle plate 4221 and a third elastic buffer 4223, and the locking portion 423 includes a limit seat 4231, a limit block 4232 and an elastic member 4233. The position limiting interception mechanism 4 also includes a fixed bracket 43 and a positioning plate 44. Specifically, the fixed bracket 43 is mounted on the fixed platform 16, the positioning plate 44 is connected to the fixed bracket 43, the mounting plate 4211 is fixed to the positioning plate 44 by bolts, and its top surface is connected to the buffer plate 4213 through the first elastic buffer 4212, the top surface of the buffer plate 4213 is provided with a second elastic buffer 4214, and openings are provided on the mounting plate 4211 and the buffer plate 4213. The anti-rebound part 422 and the locking part 423 are each provided with two groups, and are distributed on both sides of the buffer plate 4213. One end of the two right-angle plates 4221 is rotatably connected to the two ends of the buffer plate 4213 respectively, and a third elastic buffer part 4223 is provided on the inner side of the other end of the two right-angle plates 4221. When the anti-rebound part 422 is rotated from the first station to the second station, the third elastic buffer part 4223 corresponds to the second elastic buffer part 4214. The limit seat 4231 is installed on the mounting plate 4211, one end of the limit block 4232 is rotatably connected to the limit seat 4231, and the other end is connected to the limit seat 4231 through the elastic member 4233. A limit groove 4222 is provided on the right-angle plate 4221 at a position corresponding to the limit block 4232, and the limit groove 4222 cooperates with the limit block 4232. When the anti-rebound part 422 rotates from the first station to the second station, the limit block 4232 is inserted into the limit groove 4222 under the action of the elastic member 4233, thereby locking the anti-rebound part 422 and locking the anti-rebound part 422 in the second station.

[0042] When the anti-rebound portion 422 is in the first position, the right-angled plate 4221 is positioned above the stop seat 4231 and is in an open position. At this point, the right-angled plate 4221 does not obstruct the normal movement of the slender rod. When the slender rod strikes the ice plate, the baffle 411 moves along with the slender rod toward the buffer plate 4213, striking it. When the buffer portion 421 is compressed, causing the buffer plate 4213 to move downward, this acts on the first elastic buffer member 4212 and the second elastic buffer member 4214, causing them to deform and thereby absorb some of the impact force. Simultaneously, the downward movement of the buffer plate 4213 also drives the right-angled plate 4221 downward. After the side of the right-angled plate 4221 contacts the stop seat 4231, it automatically rotates upward toward the buffer portion 421, closing. At this point, the stop block 4232 inserts into the stop slot 4222, securing the right-angled plate 4221 in the second position. When the slender rod rebounds upward, the baffle 411 will contact the third elastic buffer 4223, which acts as a buffer for the baffle 411 to prevent the slender rod from causing damage to the measuring element 3 when it rebounds. After the slender rod rebounds, it can contact the third elastic buffer 4223 and the second elastic buffer 4214.

[0043] Furthermore, in some possible embodiments, a first buffer contact plate 4215 is provided on the second elastic buffer member 4214. The top surface of the first buffer contact plate 4215 is made of rubber. A second buffer contact plate 4224 is provided at one end of the third elastic buffer member 4223. When the anti-rebound portion 422 is in the second position, the second buffer contact plate 4224 corresponds to the position of the first buffer contact plate 4215. The surface of the second buffer contact plate 4224 facing the first buffer contact plate 4215 is also made of rubber, further enhancing the buffering effect. When the stopper 41 impacts the buffer portion 421, the first buffer contact plate 4215 and the second buffer contact plate 4224 first contact, making the buffering process smoother and helping to ensure the accuracy and stability of the measurement data.

[0044] Further, see Figure 6 In some possible embodiments, the limiting interception mechanism 4 also includes a support plate 45 arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate 4211, a rubber pad 46 is provided at the rotation position of the support plate 45, and the other end is provided at the through opening. The support plate 45 can be supported at the bottom of the slender rod under the action of the rubber pad 46, thereby playing the role of initial positioning.

[0045] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the first elastic buffer 4212, the second elastic buffer 4214, and the third elastic buffer 4223 are all composed of a spring and a telescopic rod. The spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, with one end of the spring connected to the fixed end of the telescopic rod and the other end connected to the movable end of the telescopic rod. When impacted, the spring and the telescopic rod work together to absorb the impact force. At the same time, the telescopic rod also serves as a guide and support, making the buffering process more stable and reliable. In other possible embodiments, the anti-rebound portion 422 and the locking portion 423 can be provided in two or more groups, respectively arranged around the side of the buffer plate 4213, to further improve the stability and reliability of the limit interception mechanism 4.

[0046] In other possible embodiments, the position-limiting and intercepting mechanism 4 may also adopt other structural forms. For example, the position-limiting and intercepting mechanism 4 may be designed as a hydraulic buffer device, which, through a combination of a hydraulic cylinder and a piston, achieves buffering and position limiting of the impact body 22. When the impact body 22 strikes the impacted body 18, the piston in the hydraulic cylinder moves in response to the impact force, thereby compressing the hydraulic oil. The damping effect of the hydraulic oil absorbs part of the impact force and cushions the impact body 22.

[0047] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figures 1 to 6 The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail: During a load measurement test of a slender rod breaking ice and entering water, the slender rod is first connected to one end of the mounting cylinder 211, ensuring a tight connection. Next, an air compressor 2125 delivers gas through a pipeline into the pump body 2121. A spring forces the flow blocker 2123 to block the communication hole, preventing gas from entering the mounting cylinder 211. When the slender rod needs to be launched, the conductive drive 2124 is activated, driving the flow blocker 2123 to slide away from the communication hole. This creates a conductive channel between the flow blocker 2123 and the inner wall of the chamber, allowing gas to enter the mounting cylinder 211 through the conductive channel and the communication hole, thereby propelling the slender rod to high-speed motion, achieving the ice-breaking and water-entry operation. As the slender rod strikes the ice plate, the strain gauge 31 captures minute deformations of the rod's sidewalls in real time and transmits this deformation data to the data acquisition module 32. The data acquisition module 32 processes and stores the received data and displays it to the user in real time through a display screen, making it convenient for the user to observe and record the test results.

[0048] During the launch of the slender rod, after it strikes the ice sheet, the baffle 411 moves along with the rod toward the fixing mechanism 1. When the baffle 411 reaches the intercepting element 42, it is blocked by the intercepting element 42 because its cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening of the intercepting element 42, preventing it from moving forward. At this point, the buffer 421 and the anti-rebound portion 422 work together to cushion and limit the baffle 411, preventing it from rebounding and causing a secondary impact on the measuring element 3.

[0049] The present invention is provided with a fixing mechanism 1, a launching mechanism 2, and a measuring member 3. The fixing mechanism 1 is used to fix the impacted body 18. The launching end of the launching member 21 is arranged toward the fixing area. Under the action of the launching member 21, the impact body 22 can impact the impacted body 18 at a high speed, simulating the impact load conditions in extreme environments such as breaking ice and entering water. The measuring member 3 can accurately sense and record the load data received by the impact body 22 during the process of breaking ice and entering water in real time. This data is of great reference value for studying the mechanism of breaking ice and entering water, optimizing the design of icebreaking equipment, and improving icebreaking efficiency. Among them, the measuring end of the measuring member 3 is fixed to the non-impact surface area of ​​the impact body 22, effectively avoiding damage to the measuring member 3 caused by direct impact during the impact process. The measuring member 3 can be reused, which improves the durability and service life of the measuring member 3.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0052] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A load measuring device, characterized in that: include: a fixing mechanism having a fixing area for fixing the impacted body; A launching mechanism, comprising a launching member and an impact body, wherein the launching member is connected to the fixing mechanism, with a launching end thereof disposed toward the fixing area for providing an impact force, one end of the impact body being disposed at the launching end, and the other end extending toward the fixing area to form an impact surface. Under the action of the impact force provided by the launching member, the impact body can move axially from the launching end to the fixing area and contact the impacted body through the impact surface; as well as The measuring piece has a measuring end fixed on the non-impact surface area of ​​the impact body and is used to measure the load generated when the impact body acts on the impacted body.

2. The load measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The measuring component includes a strain gauge and a data acquisition module. The strain gauge is fixed to the side wall of the impact body and connected to the data acquisition module via a wire. The data acquisition module is connected to the transmitting component for receiving deformation data of the strain gauge.

3. The load measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: The load measuring device also includes a limit interception mechanism, which includes a stopper and an interception member, wherein the stopper is connected to the impact body; the interception member is connected to the fixing mechanism and is located on the movement path of the impact body, and a through opening is provided at a position corresponding to the impact body, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the through opening is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact body and smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the stopper.

4. The load measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that The intercepting member includes a buffer portion, an anti-rebound portion and a locking portion. The buffer portion is connected to the fixing mechanism, which corresponds to the stop member and is used to block and buffer the impact of the stop member after the impact body hits the impacted body; the anti-rebound portion is rotatably connected to the buffer portion, and its rotation stroke has a first position that is unfolded outside the buffer portion, and a second position corresponding to the buffer end of the buffer portion. When the anti-rebound portion is in the second position, a limited space is formed between the buffer end and the anti-rebound portion, and the stop member is limited in the limited space after hitting the buffer end; the locking portion, the buffer portion and the anti-rebound portion are used to lock the anti-rebound portion in the second position.

5. The load measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that The buffer portion includes a mounting plate, a first elastic buffer, a buffer plate and a second elastic buffer. The mounting plate is connected to the fixing mechanism. The side of the buffer plate facing away from the stop member is connected to the mounting plate through the first buffer, and the side corresponding to the stop member is provided with a second elastic buffer.

6. The load measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that The anti-rebound part includes a right-angle plate and a third elastic buffer. One end of the right-angle plate is rotatably connected to the buffer plate, and the other end is provided with a third elastic buffer. When the anti-rebound part rotates from the first station to the second station, the third elastic buffer corresponds to the second elastic buffer.

7. The load measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that The locking part includes a limit seat, a limit block and an elastic member. The limit seat is installed on the mounting plate. One end of the limit block is rotatably connected to the limit seat, and the other end is connected to the limit seat through an elastic member. A limit groove is provided on the right-angle plate at a position corresponding to the limit block. When the anti-rebound part rotates from the first station to the second station, the elastic member can drive the limit block to be stuck in the limit groove, thereby locking the anti-rebound part in the second station.

8. The load measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that The anti-rebound portion and the locking portion are each provided in at least two groups, and the at least two groups of the anti-rebound portion and the locking portion are evenly arranged around the buffer portion.

9. The load measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: The fixing mechanism includes a water tank and a plurality of ice plate fixing parts. The water tank is used to contain a cooling medium. The plurality of ice plate fixing parts are respectively arranged on both sides of the box opening of the water tank. A fixing area for fixing the ice plate is formed between each of the ice plate fixing parts.

10. The load measuring device according to claim 9, characterized in that The ice plate fixing member includes a telescopic driving member, a fixing seat, a clamping driving member and a fixing plate. The telescopic driving member is installed on the side wall of the water tank, and the fixing seat is connected to the driving end of the telescopic driving member. The clamping driving member is installed on the fixing seat, and the fixing plate is provided at its driving end for driving the fixing plate to move relative to one end of the fixing seat to clamp or release the ice plate.

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