River and lake sediment pollution on-line monitoring and sensing equipment and method

Abstract

The invention provides river and lake bottom mud pollution online monitoring and sensing equipment and method. The equipment comprises a data acquisition and control device, a water quality sensor, a liquid level sensor, a high-frequency eccentric vibration module, a mud-water interface positioning module, an overlying water isolation module and a bottom mud pore solution filtering module, the water quality sensor and the liquid level sensor are integrated with a multi-parameter sensing module and are arranged in the bottom mud pore solution filtering module; the high-frequency eccentric vibration module is located at the top end of the device, and the mud-water interface positioning module is arranged in the bottom end of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module. The data acquisition and control device is connected with the water quality sensor, the liquid level sensor, the high-frequency eccentric vibration module and the mud-water interface positioning module; the mud-water interface positioning module is communicated with the bottom mud pore solution filtering module through an exhaust water guide pipe. The problems of tedious operation process, large workload, long period, high cost and the like of the existing monitoring technology are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of river and lake sediment pollution monitoring, and in particular to an online monitoring sensing device and method for river and lake sediment pollution. Background Art

[0002] Sediment pollution affects water quality safety and is crucial to the evaluation of river and lake recovery effectiveness. Traditional river and lake sediment pollution monitoring technology primarily involves collecting sediment samples, then air-drying, grinding, sample preparation, and extraction before testing on a computer. This requires complex operations, long cycles, and a large workload, and it cannot provide timely feedback on the status of river and lake sediment pollution. Sediment pore solution is an important storage medium and release source for pollutants, and its pollutant concentration is significantly positively correlated with the effective content of sediment pollutants and the concentration of overlying water pollutants. Therefore, in addition to traditional river and lake sediment pollution monitoring technology, there are also methods for monitoring sediment pollution through "collecting sediment pore water + computer testing." However, existing pore water collection technology primarily utilizes a suction-type pore water sampler to collect surface sediment / soil pore water. The collection volume is small and is primarily suitable for laboratory research using soil columns, pots, and boxes. It is difficult to apply to on-site online monitoring of river and lake sediment pollution, or to multi-indicator monitoring of sediment pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an online monitoring and sensing device and method for river and lake sediment pollution. This invention not only solves the problems of the existing technology such as cumbersome operation process, heavy workload, long cycle time, and high cost, but also meets the needs of "in-situ collection + online sensing + multi-indicator monitoring" of river and lake sediment pollution. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0004] An online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution is characterized in that it includes a data acquisition and controller, a water quality sensor, a liquid level sensor, a high-frequency eccentric vibration module, a mud-water interface positioning module, an overlying water isolation module and a sediment pore solution filtration module; the water quality sensor and the liquid level sensor integrate a multi-parameter sensing module and are built into the sediment pore solution filtration module; the high-frequency eccentric vibration module is located at the top of the device, and the mud-water interface positioning module is built into the bottom end of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module; the data acquisition and controller is installed on a solar buoy, and is connected to the water quality sensor, the liquid level sensor, the high-frequency eccentric vibration module and the mud-water interface positioning module by cables; the mud-water interface positioning module is connected to the sediment pore solution filtration module through an exhaust water conduit; the sediment pore solution filtration module is composed of a ceramic filter tube, a filter screen and a porous stainless steel tube from the inside to the outside.

[0005] Furthermore, the indicators detected by the water quality sensor include chloride, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrate.

[0006] Furthermore, the high-frequency eccentric vibration module inserts the sediment pore solution filtration module into the sediment through eccentric vibration. When the overlying water isolation module touches the mud-water interface positioning module, a signal is fed back to the data acquisition and controller and the operation of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module is terminated, so that the sediment pore solution filtration module is accurately placed below the mud-water interface.

[0007] Furthermore, the data acquisition and controller is powered by a solar battery and has data acquisition, storage, transmission and processing functions, and can remotely control the mud-water interface positioning module to vacuum or drain the sediment pore solution in the sediment pore solution filtration module.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-parameter sensing module cable, exhaust water pipe, high-frequency eccentric vibration module and mud-water interface positioning module cable are made into a water-electricity-gas integrated cable, and are led out from the top of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module and connected to the data acquisition and controller and the mud-water interface positioning module respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the high-frequency vibrator module weighs 5-10 kg, and the sediment pore solution filtration module has a height of 50-70 cm, an outer diameter of 10-15 cm, and a weight of 5-10 kg.

[0010] An online monitoring and sensing method for river and lake sediment pollution is performed using the above-mentioned device, and the method includes:

[0011] Under the data acquisition and controller, with the help of high-frequency eccentric vibration module and mud-water interface positioning module, the bottom mud pore solution filtration module is completely and accurately inserted under the mud-water interface;

[0012] The sediment pore solution is collected under the vacuum negative pressure formed by the mud-water interface positioning module and the overlying water isolation, and the volume of the sediment pore solution in the filtration module is fed back in real time through the liquid level sensor;

[0013] Based on the data recorded by the liquid level sensor, after the collected pore solution reaches the required amount, the water quality sensor in the multi-parameter sensing module is used to monitor the water quality pollution indicators in the pore solution in real time. After data acquisition and processing by the data acquisition and controller, the data is transmitted to the designated platform to achieve "in-situ collection + online perception" of sediment pollution.

[0014] Under the control of the data acquisition and controller, the sediment pore solution in the sediment pore water filtration module is drained and stored through the mud-water interface positioning module and brought back to the laboratory for rapid analysis and testing, realizing "multi-indicator monitoring" of sediment pollution.

[0015] Furthermore, the water pollution indicators include chloride, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical device and method, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0017] (1) It can realize the online sampling and measurement of sediment pore water, solving the problems of the existing sediment pollution in-situ monitoring technology, such as complicated operation process, large workload, long cycle and high cost.

[0018] (2) This device has data storage and transmission functions, and can regularly provide real-time data on sediment pollution status, making it easy to timely grasp the changing trends of sediment pollution and support the implementation and supervision of river and lake ecological environment recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram of an online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A partial diagram of an online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sediment pore water filtration module and its built-in multi-parameter sensor module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1-data acquisition and controller, 2-water quality sensor, 3-liquid level sensor, 4-water-air extraction module, 5-high-frequency eccentric vibration module, 6-mud-water interface positioning module, 7-overlying water isolation module, 8-sediment pore solution filtration module, 9-multi-parameter sensing module, 10-exhaust water guide pipe, 11-ceramic filter tube, 12-filter screen, 13-porous stainless steel pipe, 14-porous limit plate, 15-water-electricity-gas integrated cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution, including: a water quality sensor 2, a liquid level sensor 3, a high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5, a mud-water interface positioning module 6, an overlying water isolation module 7, a data acquisition and controller 1, a water-air pumping module 4, and a sediment pore solution filtration module 8.

[0027] Furthermore, the water quality sensor 2 and liquid level sensor 3 are installed in the multi-parameter sensing module 9 and built into the sediment pore solution filtration module 8, wherein the water quality sensor 3 includes chloride, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, etc. (model: ProQuatro or DS500).

[0028] Furthermore, the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5 and the mud-water interface positioning module 6 are used to completely and accurately insert the bottom mud pore water filtering module 8 under the mud-water interface.

[0029] Specifically, the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5 is located at the top of the device, and the mud-water interface positioning module 6 is built into the bottom end of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5. The sediment pore solution filtration module 8 can be inserted into the sediment through the eccentric vibration of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5. After the overlying water isolation module 7 touches the mud-water interface positioning module 6, the signal is fed back to the data acquisition and controller 1, and the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5 is stopped from working, thereby accurately placing the sediment pore solution filtration module 8 under the mud-water interface.

[0030] More specifically, the overlying water isolation module 7 is located between the porous limiting plate 14 and the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5. Its inner ring is a hollow rigid circular plate with an outer diameter of 15 cm, an inner diameter of 13 cm, and a thickness of 1 cm. It can slide between the porous limiting plate 14 and the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5; the outer ring is a flexible covering blanket embedded in the inner ring rigid circular plate, one side is a permeable layer and the other side has a waterproof layer. The outer ring has an outer diameter of 25 cm and a thickness of 2 cm. The covering blanket is filled with gravel, which can make one side of the permeable layer of the covering blanket adhere to the mud-water interface, thereby achieving the isolation of the overlying water from the bottom mud pore water.

[0031] Furthermore, the multi-parameter sensing module cable, exhaust water conduit, high-frequency eccentric vibration module and mud-water interface positioning module cable can be made into a water-electricity-gas integrated cable 15, and drawn out from the top of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5 and connected to the data acquisition and controller 1 and the water-gas extraction module 4 respectively;

[0032] Furthermore, the data acquisition and controller 1 and the water-air extraction module 4 are installed on a solar buoy and can be powered by a battery on the buoy.

[0033] Specifically, the data acquisition and controller 1 has data storage and transmission functions, and can connect to, read and store data in real time on client terminals such as mobile phones and computers.

[0034] Furthermore, the water-air extraction module 4 is connected to the sediment pore water filtration module 8 through the exhaust water conduit 10, which is used to vacuum the sediment pore water filtration module 8 to collect or drain the sediment pore solution in the filtration module.

[0035] Specifically, the water-air extraction module 4 can also be remotely controlled to drain the collected sediment pore solution at regular intervals.

[0036] Furthermore, the sediment pore solution filtration module 8 has a diameter of 12 cm and a height of 60 cm, and comprises, from the inside to the outside, a ceramic filter tube 11, a filter screen 12 and a porous stainless steel tube 13. The sediment pore solution is finally collected and stored in the ceramic filter tube 11 through the filtration module under vacuum negative pressure and overlying water isolation. The collected pore solution can be used for online monitoring, or discharged through the water-air extraction module 4 for detecting other water quality indicators.

[0037] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: under the action of the data acquisition and controller 1, the high-frequency eccentric vibration module 5 and the mud-water interface positioning module 6 are controlled to completely and accurately insert the sediment pore solution filtration module 8 under the mud-water interface, and then the sediment pore solution is collected into the inner cavity of the sediment pore solution filtration module 8 under the vacuum negative pressure formed by the mud-water interface positioning module 6 and the isolation of the overlying water. After the liquid level sensor 3 sends a sediment pore solution collection amount signal, the water quality sensor 2 monitors the chloride, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate and other water quality pollution indicators in the pore solution in real time, and transmits them to the designated terminal after collection and processing by the data acquisition and controller. The remaining water quality indicators of the sediment pore solution can be extracted through the mud-water interface positioning module 6 and brought back to the laboratory for rapid analysis and detection, thereby achieving the goal of "in-situ collection + online perception + multi-indicator monitoring" of river and lake sediment pollution, providing important data support for river and lake sediment pollution assessment and remediation and protection.

[0038] A method for online monitoring and sensing of river and lake sediment pollution, comprising:

[0039] (1) Under the data acquisition and controller, with the help of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module and the mud-water interface positioning module, the bottom mud pore solution filtration module is completely and accurately inserted under the mud-water interface;

[0040] (2) Collect the sediment pore solution under the vacuum negative pressure formed by the mud-water interface positioning module and the isolation of the overlying water, and feedback the volume of the sediment pore solution in the filtration module in real time through the liquid level sensor;

[0041] (3) Based on the data recorded by the liquid level sensor, when the collected sediment pore solution reaches the required amount, the water quality sensor in the multi-parameter sensing module is used to monitor the water quality pollution indicators such as chloride, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrate in the pore solution in real time. After being collected and processed by the data acquisition and controller, the data is transmitted to the designated platform to achieve "in-situ collection + online perception" of sediment pollution;

[0042] (4) Finally, under the control of the data acquisition and controller, the sediment pore solution in the sediment pore water filtration module is drained and stored through the mud-water interface positioning module and brought back to the laboratory for rapid analysis and testing, thus realizing the “multi-indicator monitoring” of sediment pollution.

[0043] The present invention has the following characteristics and effects:

[0044] 1. Simplify the operation process and reduce costs: Traditional river and lake sediment pollution monitoring technology is complicated to operate. It is necessary to collect sediment samples first, and then go through multiple steps such as air drying, grinding, sample preparation, extraction, etc. before testing on the machine. The workload is large and the cycle is long. However, the present invention adopts a unique equipment design, such as integrating water quality sensors and liquid level sensors into the sediment pore solution filtration module, and using a high-frequency eccentric vibration module and a mud-water interface positioning module to accurately insert the mud-water interface to collect pore solution. This realizes the online sampling and measurement of sediment pore water without the need for complex preliminary processing steps, greatly simplifies the operation process, reduces manpower and material costs, and solves the problems of the existing technology such as cumbersome operation process, large workload, long cycle, and high cost.

[0045] 2. Real-time Monitoring and Data Transmission: The data acquisition and controller of this invention has data acquisition, storage, transmission, and processing functions. Powered by a battery on a solar buoy, it can collect real-time data on sediment pore solution pollution indicators such as chloride, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrate detected by water quality sensors, and transmit the processed data to a designated platform. This allows personnel to regularly obtain real-time data on sediment pollution status and promptly understand its changing trends, providing strong data support for the implementation and supervision of river and lake ecological restoration, overcoming the drawback of traditional monitoring technologies that lack timely feedback on pollution status.

[0046] 3. Meeting the Need for Multi-Indicator Monitoring: Existing pore water collection technologies collect small amounts of water and are primarily suitable for laboratory research, making them difficult to apply to on-site online monitoring and multi-indicator monitoring. This invention not only enables real-time online monitoring of some pollution indicators through water quality sensors, but also, after collecting sufficient sediment pore solution, drains and stores it through a mud-water interface positioning module, bringing it back to the laboratory for rapid analysis and testing of other indicators. This enables "multi-indicator monitoring" of sediment pollution and meets the need for comprehensive sediment pollution monitoring in practical applications.

[0047] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0048] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition and controller, water quality sensor, liquid level sensor, high-frequency eccentric vibration module, mud-water interface positioning module, overlying water isolation module and sediment pore solution filtration module; the water quality sensor and liquid level sensor integrate a multi-parameter sensing module and are built into the sediment pore solution filtration module; the high-frequency eccentric vibration module is located at the top of the device, and the mud-water interface positioning module is built into the bottom of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module; the data acquisition and controller is installed on the solar buoy, and is connected to the water quality sensor, liquid level sensor, high-frequency eccentric vibration module and mud-water interface positioning module by cables; the mud-water interface positioning module is connected to the sediment pore solution filtration module through an exhaust water pipe; the sediment pore solution filtration module is composed of a ceramic filter tube, a filter screen and a porous stainless steel tube from the inside to the outside.

2. The online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The indicators detected by the water quality sensor include chloride, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrate.

3. The online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-frequency eccentric vibration module inserts the sediment pore solution filtration module into the sediment through eccentric vibration. When the overlying water isolation module touches the mud-water interface positioning module, a signal is fed back to the data acquisition and controller and the operation of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module is stopped, so that the sediment pore solution filtration module is accurately placed below the mud-water interface.

4. The online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and controller is powered by a solar battery and has data acquisition, storage, transmission and processing functions. It can remotely control the mud-water interface positioning module to vacuum or drain the sediment pore solution in the sediment pore solution filtering module.

5. The online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-parameter sensing module cable, exhaust water pipe, high-frequency eccentric vibration module and mud-water interface positioning module cable are made into a water-electricity-gas integrated cable, and are led out from the top of the high-frequency eccentric vibration module and connected to the data acquisition and controller and the mud-water interface positioning module respectively.

6. The online monitoring and sensing device for river and lake sediment pollution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-frequency vibrator module weighs 5-10 kg, and the sediment pore solution filtration module is 50-70 cm high, 10-15 cm in outer diameter, and weighs 5-10 kg.

7. A method for online monitoring and sensing of river and lake sediment pollution, characterized in that: The method is carried out using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: Under the data acquisition and controller, with the help of high-frequency eccentric vibration module and mud-water interface positioning module, the bottom mud pore solution filtration module is completely and accurately inserted under the mud-water interface; The sediment pore solution is collected under the vacuum negative pressure formed by the mud-water interface positioning module and the overlying water isolation, and the volume of the sediment pore solution in the filtration module is fed back in real time through the liquid level sensor; Based on the data recorded by the liquid level sensor, after the collected pore solution reaches the required amount, the water quality sensor in the multi-parameter sensing module is used to monitor the water quality pollution indicators in the pore solution in real time. After data acquisition and processing by the data acquisition and controller, the data is transmitted to the designated platform, realizing "in-situ collection + online perception" of sediment pollution. Under the control of the data acquisition and controller, the sediment pore solution in the sediment pore water filtration module is drained and stored through the mud-water interface positioning module and brought back to the laboratory for rapid analysis and testing, realizing "multi-indicator monitoring" of sediment pollution.

8. The method for online monitoring and sensing of river and lake sediment pollution according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The water pollution indicators include chloride, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate.

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