Phase modulation beam generation method and device, computer equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a phase modulation beam generation method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps that target phase modulation beam features and performance indexes are set; determining an array manifold matrix according to the antenna array configuration; introducing an auxiliary variable, constructing a constraint condition according to the array manifold matrix and the performance index, and establishing a constraint convex optimization model; solving the model, and determining a beam directional diagram according to the obtained array excitation coefficient; and calculating a difference value between the amplitude response of each point in the transition region and the sidelobe level, and performing iteration by adopting a self-adaptive iterative optimization mechanism according to the difference value and a preset amplitude difference threshold value to obtain an optimal array excitation coefficient. According to the method, accurate generation of the target phase modulation beam directional diagram is realized, and the obtained directional diagram has relatively low sidelobe level and narrowest transition region width on the basis of strictly meeting the requirements of main lobe amplitude distribution precision and phase distribution precision, thereby providing powerful support for high-resolution radar foresight imaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of array radar beamforming, and relates to a phase modulation beam generation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Radar forward imaging can obtain the terrain and landform characteristics of the front area by actively emitting electromagnetic waves and processing the target echo. It has a wide range of applications in civilian fields such as terrain surveying and mapping, material airdrop, autonomous aircraft landing, and intelligent vehicle driving.

[0003] Traditional radar forward-looking imaging methods usually emit a Sinc-shaped beam to image the area ahead. In this imaging mode, different targets within the same beam have similar echo characteristics and cannot be effectively resolved, resulting in limited resolution performance of radar forward-looking imaging. Studies have shown that by modulating the phase distribution of the radar beam pattern, the target echo differences can be effectively enhanced, thereby improving the resolution performance of radar forward-looking imaging. Antenna arrays are one of the mainstream methods for achieving pattern modulation. However, traditional array pattern modulation methods usually only focus on the amplitude response of the beam. When directly applied to the generation of phase-modulated beams, the beam control accuracy is insufficient. There is a significant difference between the phase distribution of the resulting pattern in the main lobe and the expected pattern, which limits the improvement of imaging resolution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned traditional methods, the present invention proposes a phase-modulated beam generation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium, which can achieve both low sidelobe level and narrow transition zone, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward imaging.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions: In one aspect, a phase modulation beamforming method is provided, the method comprising the steps of: Step S1: Setting target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indicators.

[0006] Step S2: Obtain an array manifold matrix according to the antenna array configuration.

[0007] Step S3: Introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraint conditions based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulated beam generation; wherein the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition zone width, and the constraints include main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, side lobe level constraint, and transition zone monotonicity constraint.

[0008] Step S4: Solve the constrained convex optimization model to obtain the array excitation coefficient corresponding to the target pattern under the current visible area division method.

[0009] Step S5: deduce the actual beam pattern generated based on the array excitation coefficient; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level of each point in the transition region, and use an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism to iterate based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficient.

[0010] On the other hand, a phase modulation beam generating device is also provided, the device comprising: The beam characteristics and performance index setting module is used to set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indexes.

[0011] The array manifold matrix determination module is used to obtain the array manifold matrix according to the antenna array configuration.

[0012] The constrained convex optimization model establishment module is used to introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraint conditions based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulated beam generation; among which, the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition zone width, and the constraints include mainlobe amplitude error constraint, mainlobe phase error constraint, sidelobe level constraint and transition zone monotonicity constraint.

[0013] The constrained convex optimization model solving module is used to solve the constrained convex optimization model and obtain the array excitation coefficient corresponding to the target direction pattern under the current visible area division method.

[0014] The iterative optimization module is used to deduce the actual beam pattern generated based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region, and use an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism to continue iterating based on the difference and the preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients.

[0015] On the other hand, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned phase modulation beam generation methods when executing the computer program.

[0016] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of any one of the above-mentioned phase modulation beam generation methods are implemented.

[0017] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The above-mentioned phase-modulated beam generation method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium include the following steps: setting target phase-modulated beam characteristics and performance indicators; obtaining an array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration; introducing auxiliary variables, constructing constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establishing a constrained convex optimization model for phase-modulated beam generation; solving the constrained convex optimization model and deducing the actual generated beam pattern based on the obtained array excitation coefficients; calculating the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region, and iterating using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients. This method achieves accurate generation of the target phase-modulated beam pattern through an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism. The resulting pattern, while strictly meeting the mainlobe amplitude distribution accuracy and phase distribution accuracy requirements, has a low sidelobe level and the narrowest transition region width, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward imaging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a phase modulation beam generation method according to an embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process for accurately generating a phase modulation beam according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the geometric configuration of an array radar transmitting antenna and a radar forward-looking imaging observation coordinate system used in a simulation in one embodiment; Figure 4 FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the accuracy of a linear phase modulation beam generated by a traditional Fourier synthesis method and a target beam in one embodiment; Figure 5 Schematic diagram showing a comparison of the accuracy of a linear phase modulation beam generated by the method of the present invention and a target beam in one embodiment; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of theoretical distribution of observation targets used in radar forward-looking imaging simulation in one embodiment; Figure 7 Schematic diagram showing a comparison of imaging results obtained by performing forward-looking imaging using a beam generated by a traditional Fourier synthesis method and a beam generated by the method of the present invention in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] It should be noted that, when referred to in this document as an "embodiment", it means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The presentation of this phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments. The term "and / or" used in this document refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations.

[0023] The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] In one embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, a phase modulation beam generation method is provided, which may include the following processing steps S1 to S5: Step S1: Setting target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indicators.

[0025] Specifically, the theoretical expression of the required phase-modulated beam pattern is determined, the visible area of ​​the pattern is uniformly sampled, and it is divided into the main lobe area, transition area and side lobe area, and the three performance indicators of main lobe amplitude distribution error, main lobe phase distribution error and side lobe level are set.

[0026] Step S2: Obtain an array manifold matrix according to the antenna array configuration.

[0027] Step S3: Introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraint conditions based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulated beam generation; wherein the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition zone width, and the constraints include main lobe amplitude error constraint, main lobe phase error constraint, side lobe level constraint, and transition zone monotonicity constraint.

[0028] Step S4: Solve the constrained convex optimization model to obtain the array excitation coefficient corresponding to the target pattern under the current visible area division method.

[0029] Step S5: deduce the actual beam pattern generated based on the array excitation coefficient; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level of each point in the transition region, and use an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism to iterate based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficient.

[0030] Specifically, the actual beam pattern is deduced from the calculated excitation coefficients. An amplitude difference threshold is set, and points in the transition region where the difference between the pattern amplitude response and the sidelobe level is less than the threshold are classified as sidelobe regions. The visible region division method is updated, and steps 2 through 4 are repeated until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the transition region width no longer decreases. The excitation amplitude and phase obtained from the final iteration are used as the optimal array excitation corresponding to the target beam pattern.

[0031] The above-mentioned phase-modulated beam generation method includes: setting target phase-modulated beam characteristics and performance indicators; obtaining an array manifold matrix based on the antenna array configuration; introducing auxiliary variables, constructing constraints based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establishing a constrained convex optimization model for phase-modulated beam generation; solving the constrained convex optimization model and deducing the actual generated beam pattern based on the obtained array excitation coefficients; calculating the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region, and iterating using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients. This method achieves accurate generation of the target phase-modulated beam pattern through an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism. The resulting pattern has a low sidelobe level and the narrowest transition region width while strictly meeting the mainlobe amplitude distribution accuracy and phase distribution accuracy requirements, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward imaging.

[0032] In one embodiment, step S1 includes: determining a theoretical expression of a target phase modulation beam pattern; uniformly sampling a visible area of ​​the target phase modulation beam pattern, dividing the target phase modulation beam pattern into a main lobe area, a transition area, and a side lobe area; and using the main lobe amplitude distribution error, the main lobe phase distribution error, and the side lobe level as performance indicators of the target phase modulation beam pattern.

[0033] Specifically, taking phase modulation beam generation based on a one-dimensional linear array as an example, the first step is to determine the target beam pattern: ; in, represents the spatial variable within the visible area of ​​the directional pattern, is the spatial direction angle, is the amplitude response of the target pattern, is the phase distribution of the target pattern.

[0034] For visible area Perform uniform sampling to obtain discrete visible area sampling values , and divide it into the main lobe area , transition zone and side lobe area In particular, the transition zone It is further divided into the left transition zone and right transition zone , the dimensions of the above vectors satisfy the relationship as well as .

[0035] According to actual needs, set the main lobe amplitude error , main lobe phase error and sidelobe levels Three performance indicators.

[0036] In one embodiment, step S2 includes: when the antenna array is configured along x Axis arrangement, the center of the array is the origin, including 2 N For a one-dimensional linear array with +1 array element, the array manifold matrix expression is: ; ; in, is the array manifold matrix, represents the spatial variable within the beam visibility area, represent Direction of the steering vector, N is an integer greater than 0, , M Represents the total number of sampling points in the visible area of ​​the beam, represents a complex set, is located in No. The propagation phase corresponding to each antenna element is: , is the wave number of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the radar, and the superscript T represents the transpose operation.

[0037] In one embodiment, the constrained convex optimization model for generating the phase modulation pattern in step S3 is expressed as: ; in, represents the estimate of the optimal pattern excitation coefficient, is an auxiliary variable, Auxiliary variables of norm, for No. elements, represent The direction of the steering vector, represents the complex field, the superscript T represents the transpose operation, represents the excitation coefficient vector of the array, 、 、 There are three pre-set performance indicators: represents the absolute value, represents the real part, represents element-wise comparison, is the main lobe phase distribution error, is the main lobe amplitude distribution error, is the sidelobe level, is the sampling sequence of the target phase modulation beam, 、 、 are the sets of spatial variables corresponding to the main lobe area, transition area and side lobe area, is the set of real numbers, 、 、 are the number of elements in the spatial variable sets corresponding to the main lobe area, transition area and side lobe area, respectively. 、 、 Set 、 、 The space variable elements in represents the conjugate operation, is the difference operation matrix.

[0038] Specifically, a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulation beam generation is established. is the excitation coefficient vector of the array, then the far-field pattern generated by the array is: ; Introducing auxiliary variables whose elements are non-negative , the amplitude response of the pattern at each sampling position in the transition region satisfies: ; in, for No. elements.

[0039] Based on the relationship between the amplitude response of the transition region pattern and the preset sidelobe level, when When the directional pattern amplitude at this position is equivalent to the sidelobe level, it can be regarded as a point in the sidelobe area. When the transition area is the narrowest, the corresponding auxiliary variable The number of non-zero elements in is the smallest. Therefore, the objective function with the narrowest transition zone can be transformed into the vector of The norm is the smallest. In practice, it is usually The norm relaxation is Therefore, the objective function can be expressed as: ; in, represents the estimate of the optimal pattern excitation coefficient, is a vector of norm.

[0040] According to the pre-set 、 、 The three performance indicators are respectively established to establish the main lobe amplitude error constraint, the main lobe phase error constraint and the side lobe level constraint, which are expressed as: ; ; ; in, represents the absolute value, represents the real part, is the conjugate of the actual directional pattern.

[0041] In order to make the beam pattern amplitude decay rapidly from the main lobe edge to the side lobe, it is necessary to further constrain the pattern amplitude in the transition region. The increase of should constrain the amplitude of the directional pattern in the left transition zone to increase monotonically and the amplitude of the directional pattern in the right transition zone to decrease monotonically to achieve the fastest amplitude transition. , the monotonicity constraint can be expressed as: ; in, represents element-wise comparison, Representative Matrix Elements in Greater than The elements at the corresponding position in , is the difference operation matrix, expressed as: ; ; ; In summary, the constrained convex optimization model for generating the phase modulation pattern is shown in the expression of the constrained convex optimization model mentioned above.

[0042] In one embodiment, step S5 includes: deducing the actual beam pattern generated based on the array excitation coefficient; calculating the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level of each point in the transition zone; classifying the points whose difference is less than the amplitude difference threshold into the sidelobe zone, updating the visible area division method, and re-determining the array popular matrix, and continuing to iterate until the number of iterations reaches a preset maximum number of iterations or the transition zone width no longer decreases, thereby obtaining the optimal array excitation coefficient.

[0043] Specifically, the actual directional pattern can be calculated from the calculated excitation coefficient: ; For each point in the transition zone , calculate the difference between its amplitude response and sidelobe level as: ; Set the amplitude difference threshold ,for The points are classified into the sidelobe area, the visible area division method is updated, and steps 2 to 4 are repeated until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the width of the transition area no longer decreases.

[0044] In some embodiments, experimental examples are also provided, and this method has been verified by simulation. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the array used in the simulation is a uniform linear array containing 21 ideal units, with an operating frequency of 10 GHz and an element spacing of 15 mm. Axis arrangement, radiation direction is Axis. The target beam pattern is set to a linear phase flat-top beam, that is: ; in, represents the rectangular window function, is the beam width, which is taken as , is the modulation slope of the linear phase beam, which is set to 4 in the simulation.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a comparison between the phase distribution of the directional pattern obtained using the traditional Fourier synthesis method and the phase distribution of the target directional pattern. It can be seen that there are obvious errors and offsets in the phase distribution inside the main lobe of the beam. Near the edge of the beam, the beam phase error increases significantly. Figure 5 The comparison between the phase distribution of the directional pattern obtained by the method of the present invention and the phase distribution of the ideal directional pattern is shown in FIG. 1 . In the implementation process, the main lobe area, transition area and side lobe area are respectively set to 、 and , the main lobe amplitude error, main lobe phase error, side lobe level and amplitude difference thresholds are set as 、 、 as well as , and the maximum number of iterations is set to 100. It can be seen that by strictly constraining the pattern performance, the phase error in the main lobe is effectively reduced, completely coinciding with the theoretical phase distribution, verifying the ability of the method of the present invention to accurately generate phase modulated beams.

[0046] Finally, through the application of forward-looking imaging, the advantages of the method of the present invention in improving the resolution performance of forward-looking imaging are verified. Figure 6 The simulated target distribution is shown. Two ideal point targets with the same scattering intensity are located at and . Figure 7 The imaging results of the above-mentioned simulated target using the linear phase flat-top beam generated by the traditional Fourier synthesis method and the linear phase flat-top beam generated by the method of the present invention are shown. It can be seen that due to the significant phase error in the directional pattern obtained by the Fourier method, there is a significant difference between the imaging results and the actual target distribution. The target is completely invisible in the imaging result. However, the phase-modulated beam generated by the method of the present invention accurately produces the required phase distribution, and the corresponding imaging result successfully achieves target resolution and can accurately reflect the actual distribution of the target, proving that the method of the present invention can effectively improve the resolution performance of radar forward-looking imaging.

[0047] Based on the theoretical expression of the required phase-modulated beam, this method determines the optimal excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each element of the antenna array, so that the mainlobe amplitude distribution and phase distribution of the beam pattern actually generated by the array match the theoretical expectations well, while also having low sidelobe levels and narrow transition zones, providing strong support for high-resolution radar forward-looking imaging.

[0048] It should be understood that although the above process Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown in the order indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified in this document, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Figure 1 At least part of the steps may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0049] In one embodiment, a phase modulation beam generating device is further provided, the device comprising: The beam characteristics and performance index setting module is used to set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indexes.

[0050] The array manifold matrix determination module is used to obtain the array manifold matrix according to the antenna array configuration.

[0051] The constrained convex optimization model establishment module is used to introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraint conditions based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulated beam generation; among which, the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition zone width, and the constraints include mainlobe amplitude error constraint, mainlobe phase error constraint, sidelobe level constraint and transition zone monotonicity constraint.

[0052] The constrained convex optimization model solving module is used to solve the constrained convex optimization model and obtain the array excitation coefficient corresponding to the target direction pattern under the current visible area division method.

[0053] The iterative optimization module is used to deduce the actual beam pattern generated based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region, and use an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism to continue iterating based on the difference and the preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients.

[0054] In one embodiment, the beam characteristic and performance index setting module is also used to determine the theoretical expression of the target phase modulation beam pattern; uniformly sample the visible area of ​​the target phase modulation beam pattern, and divide the target phase modulation beam pattern into a main lobe area, a transition area, and a side lobe area; and use the main lobe amplitude distribution error, the main lobe phase distribution error, and the side lobe level as performance indicators of the target phase modulation beam pattern.

[0055] In one embodiment, the array manifold matrix determination module is further configured to: x Axis arrangement, the center of the array is the origin, including 2 N When the array is a one-dimensional linear array with +1 array element, the array manifold matrix is ​​shown in the above array manifold matrix expression.

[0056] In one embodiment, the constrained convex optimization model for generating the phase modulation pattern in the constrained convex optimization model building module is as shown in the above constrained convex optimization model expression.

[0057] In one embodiment, the iterative optimization module is further used to deduce the actual beam pattern generated based on the array excitation coefficient; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level of each point in the transition region; classify the points whose difference is less than the amplitude difference threshold into the sidelobe region, update the visible area division method, and redetermine the array popularity matrix, and continue to iterate until the number of iterations reaches a preset maximum number of iterations or the transition region width no longer decreases, thereby obtaining the optimal array excitation coefficient.

[0058] It is understood that for the specific explanation of the phase modulation beam generation device, please refer to the corresponding explanation of each embodiment of the phase modulation beam generation method above, and will not be repeated here. The various modules in the above-mentioned phase modulation beam generation device can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of a device with data processing functions in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the aforementioned device in the form of software to facilitate the processor to call and execute the operations corresponding to the above-mentioned modules. The aforementioned device can be, but is not limited to, various types of data processing computer devices existing in the art.

[0059] In one embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned phase modulation beam generation method embodiment when executing the computer program.

[0060] It can be understood that in addition to the memory and processor mentioned above, the above-mentioned computer device also includes other software and hardware components not listed in this specification. The specific components can be determined according to the specific model of the image processing computer in different application scenarios. This specification will not list them one by one in detail.

[0061] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it may further implement the additional steps or sub-steps in each embodiment of the above-mentioned phase modulation beam generation method.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the above-described method embodiments. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other media used in the various embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus DRAM (RDRAM), and DDR DRAM.

[0063] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0064] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A phase modulation beam generation method, characterized in that: Including steps: Step S1: Set the target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indicators, Step S2: Obtaining an array manifold matrix according to the antenna array configuration; Step S3: introducing auxiliary variables, constructing constraint conditions based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establishing a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulated beam generation; wherein the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition zone width, and the constraints include mainlobe amplitude error constraint, mainlobe phase error constraint, sidelobe level constraint, and transition zone monotonicity constraint; Step S4: solving the constrained convex optimization model to obtain the array excitation coefficient corresponding to the target pattern under the current visible area division mode; Step S5: deduce the actual beam pattern generated based on the array excitation coefficient; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level of each point in the transition region, and adopt an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism to iterate based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficient.

2. The phase modulation beam generation method according to claim 1, wherein: Step S1 includes: Determine the theoretical expression of the target phase modulation beam pattern; The visible area of ​​the target phase modulation beam pattern is uniformly sampled, and the target phase modulation beam pattern is divided into a main lobe area, a transition area, and a side lobe area; the main lobe amplitude distribution error, the main lobe phase distribution error, and the side lobe level are used as performance indicators of the target phase modulation beam pattern.

3. The phase modulation beam generation method according to claim 1, wherein: Step S2 includes: when the antenna array is configured along x Axis arrangement, the center of the array is the origin, including 2 N For a one-dimensional linear array with +1 array element, the array manifold matrix is: in, is the array manifold matrix, represents the spatial variable within the beam visibility area, represent The direction of the steering vector, N is an integer greater than 0, , M Represents the total number of sampling points in the visible area of ​​the beam, represents the complex field, is located in No. The propagation phase corresponding to each antenna element is: , is the wave number of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the radar, and the superscript T represents the transpose operation.

4. The phase modulation beam generation method according to claim 1, wherein: The constrained convex optimization model for the phase modulation pattern generated in step S3 is: in, represents the estimate of the optimal pattern excitation coefficient, is an auxiliary variable, Auxiliary variables of norm, for No. elements, represent The direction of the steering vector, represents the complex field, the superscript T represents the transpose operation, represents the excitation coefficient vector of the array, 、 、 There are three pre-set performance indicators. represents the absolute value, represents the real part, represents element-wise comparison, is the main lobe phase distribution error, is the main lobe amplitude distribution error, is the sidelobe level, is the sampling sequence of the target phase modulation beam, 、 、 are the sets of spatial variables corresponding to the main lobe area, transition area and side lobe area, is the set of real numbers, 、 、 are the number of elements in the spatial variable sets corresponding to the main lobe area, transition area and side lobe area, respectively. 、 、 Set 、 、 The space variable elements in represents the conjugate operation, is the difference operation matrix.

5. The phase modulation beam generation method according to claim 1, wherein: Step S5 includes: Deducing an actually generated beam pattern based on the array excitation coefficients; Calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; Points whose difference is less than the amplitude difference threshold are classified as sidelobe areas, the visible area division method is updated, and the array popularity matrix is ​​re-determined. The iteration is continued until the number of iterations reaches the preset maximum number of iterations or the transition zone width no longer decreases, and the optimal array excitation coefficient is obtained.

6. A phase modulation beam generating device, characterized in that: include: A beam characteristic and performance index setting module is used to set target phase modulation beam characteristics and performance indexes; An array manifold matrix determination module is used to obtain an array manifold matrix according to the antenna array configuration; a constrained convex optimization model establishment module, configured to introduce auxiliary variables, construct constraint conditions based on the array manifold matrix and performance indicators, and establish a constrained convex optimization model for phase modulated beam generation; wherein the objective function of the constrained convex optimization model is to minimize the transition zone width, and the constraints include mainlobe amplitude error constraint, mainlobe phase error constraint, sidelobe level constraint, and transition zone monotonicity constraint; A constrained convex optimization model solving module is used to solve the constrained convex optimization model to obtain the array excitation coefficient corresponding to the target pattern under the current visible area division method; An iterative optimization module is used to deduce the actual beam pattern generated based on the array excitation coefficients; calculate the difference between the amplitude response and the sidelobe level at each point in the transition region; and continue to iterate based on the difference and a preset amplitude difference threshold using an adaptive iterative optimization mechanism to obtain the optimal array excitation coefficients.

7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that: The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the phase modulation beam generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the phase modulation beam generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

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