Marine cabin-penetrating watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate and installation method of marine cabin-penetrating watertight structure

Abstract

The invention provides a marine cabin-penetrating watertight structure for reducing the cable occupancy rate and an installation method of the marine cabin-penetrating watertight structure. The cabin-penetrating watertight structure for the ship comprises an outer sleeve and a filling material, the outer sleeve is used for being arranged outside a cable in a sleeving mode and fixed to a watertight plate of a ship body, and the outer sleeve is filled with the filling material and comprises an upper boss, a cylinder and a lower boss which are sequentially connected in a sealed mode. And the filling material comprises expansion blocking materials filled in the cylinder, the lower part of the upper boss and the upper part of the lower boss, and watertight filling materials filled in the upper part of the upper boss and the lower part of the lower boss. Compared with a uniform-section barrel-shaped structure in the prior art, the cabin-penetrating watertight structure for the ship has the advantages that a funnel-shaped structure with the small middle and the two large ends is adopted, the cable in the funnel is shaped like a bouquet, the occupancy rate of the cable at an inlet and an outlet is effectively reduced, the sealing operation is simple and easy to implement, and the sealing effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship engineering hull structure design, and in particular to a ship-use cabin-penetrating watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Under the influence of environmental loads, certain areas of a ship's structure experience high stress levels and large stress concentration factors. According to hull structure regulations, openings in these areas cannot be too large. However, equipment layout and comprehensive layout results often necessitate the routing of cables through these areas, and the number of cables cannot be reduced. Currently, the penetrations used in China are all cylindrical barrel-shaped structures with uniform cross-sections. Without reducing the number of cables and with limited hull openings, the cable volume ratio often exceeds regulatory requirements, making it impossible for watertight fillers to ensure the watertightness of the penetrations, posing a significant challenge to cable sealing.

[0003] In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to develop a new watertight structure for through-cabin cables under the premise that the hull opening and the number of cables remain unchanged. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine watertight structure for reducing the cable volume ratio and an installation method thereof, aiming to effectively reduce the cable volume ratio under the same opening restriction conditions of the hull structure.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a marine watertight structure for reducing the cable occupancy rate, comprising an outer sleeve for sleeved outside the cable and fixed to the hull watertight plate, and a filling material filled in the outer sleeve, wherein: The outer sleeve includes an upper boss, a cylinder and a lower boss which are sealed and connected in sequence. The interiors of the upper boss, the cylinder and the lower boss are all hollow and the cavities are interconnected. The filling material includes an expansion plugging material filled in the interior of the cylinder, the lower part of the upper boss and the upper part of the lower boss, and a watertight filler filled in the upper part of the upper boss and the lower part of the lower boss.

[0006] Preferably, the outer side wall of the cylinder is welded to the hull watertight plate, and the height of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 50 mm.

[0007] Preferably, the upper boss and the lower boss are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the hull watertight plate.

[0008] Preferably, the expansion plugging material and the watertight filler of the upper boss and the lower boss form their interface, and the diameter of the circle corresponding to the inner side wall at the interface is D, and D satisfies the following relationship: , in, It is the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all cables passing through the cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the inner diameter of the cylinder is d, and d satisfies the following relationship: When the opening is located in the strong deck side plate, d≤20t, where t is the thickness of the deck side plate; When the opening is located at the web of the T-section, d≤h / 2, where h is the height of the web of the T-section.

[0010] Preferably, the depth of the watertight filler inside the upper boss or the lower boss is 180 mm to 220 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the depth of the expansion plugging material inside the upper boss or the lower boss is 25 mm to 30 mm.

[0012] Preferably, polyurethane sealant or silicone rubber sealant is used; and the expansion plugging material is expanded graphite-based material or composite expansion resin material.

[0013] Preferably, the upper boss, the cylinder and the lower boss are connected in sequence by welding.

[0014] The present invention further proposes a method for installing the above-mentioned marine watertight structure for reducing the cable occupancy rate, comprising the following steps: Weld the cylinder to the through hole of the hull watertight plate, and then weld the upper boss and the lower boss to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder; After passing all the cables through the outer sleeve, pour expansion plugging material from both ends of the upper and lower bosses to the interface between the upper and lower bosses. When pouring the expansion plugging material, ensure that the cables are evenly arranged in the cylinder by inserting bamboo pieces, plastic sheets or inflatable cushions, manually separating them, and pulling them with ropes; The end surfaces of the upper boss and the lower boss are filled and leveled by respectively pouring watertight fillers from both ends of the upper boss and the lower boss.

[0015] The marine watertight structure proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Compared with the existing barrel-shaped cross-section structure, the present invention adopts a "funnel" structure with a small center and large ends. The cable is shaped like a "bouquet" in the "funnel". Under the same opening restriction conditions of the hull structure, the cable occupancy rate at the inlet and outlet is effectively reduced, solving the problem of cable sealing when passing through the cabin. At the same time, the sealing operation is simple and easy. 2. Compared with the columnar structure with equal cross-section, the double-sided "funnel" structure of this ship's through-tank watertight structure becomes tighter and tighter under the action of water pressure, thus achieving a better sealing effect; 3. The ship's through-tank watertight structure has the advantages of simple structure, stable and reliable operation and easy implementation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the marine watertight structure for reducing the cable occupancy rate according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional view in the AA direction is shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction is shown.

[0017] In the figure, 1-watertight filler of upper boss; 2-cabin penetration cable; 3-expansion plugging material of upper boss; 4-upper boss; 5-cylinder; 6-hull watertight plate; 7-lower boss; 8-expansion plugging material of lower boss 7; 9-watertight filler of lower boss 7 The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "transverse," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] The present invention provides a marine cabin penetration watertight structure for reducing the cable occupancy rate.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 3 In this preferred embodiment, a marine watertight structure for reducing the cable occupancy rate includes an outer sleeve for being sleeved over the cable and fixed to the hull watertight plate 6, and a filling material filled in the outer sleeve, wherein: The outer sleeve includes an upper boss 4, a cylinder 5 and a lower boss 7 which are sealed and connected in sequence. The interiors of the upper boss 4, the cylinder 5 and the lower boss 7 are all hollow and the cavities are interconnected. The filling material includes an expansion plugging material filled in the interior of the cylinder 5, the lower part of the upper boss 4 and the upper part of the lower boss 7, and a watertight filler filled in the upper part of the upper boss 4 and the lower part of the lower boss 7.

[0022] Specifically, the outer wall of the cylinder 5 is welded to the hull watertight plating 6. The upper boss 4, cylinder 5, and lower boss 7 are sequentially welded together, resulting in a smooth transition on the outer surfaces. Welding offers the advantages of simple and convenient construction. The upper opening of the upper boss 4 and the lower opening of the lower boss 7 are significantly enlarged relative to the cross-section of the cylinder, effectively reducing the volumetric load at the cylinder 5.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 The height of cylinder 5 is h2 + h3 in the figure. The values ​​of h2 and h3 are determined to ensure sufficient welding space on both sides of the hull watertight plating 65 and good welding quality. The thickness of cylinder 5 is no less than the thickness of the hull watertight plating 6. In this embodiment, the height of cylinder 5 is greater than or equal to 50 mm.

[0024] Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 are symmetrical with respect to the hull watertight plate 6 .

[0025] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the expansion plugging material and the watertight filler of the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 are their interfaces. The diameter of the circle corresponding to the inner wall of the interface is D, and D satisfies the following relationship: , in, It is the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all cables passing through the cylinder 5.

[0026] because ,in, is the cable occupancy rate, is the sum of the cable cross-sectional areas, The cable area ratio is the cross-sectional area of ​​the cabin component where the cable is located. Considering the sealing effect of the watertight filler and the convenience of construction, the cable area ratio is taken as (Here 40 For example, different ship types, different locations and different cables may have corresponding cable occupancy rate requirements, and meeting the corresponding requirements is sufficient); according to the cable occupancy rate requirements , determine the upper opening size of the upper boss 4 .

[0027] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the inner diameter of cylinder 5 is d, d satisfies the following relationship When the opening is located at the strong deck side plate (that is, the hull watertight plate 6 is the strong deck side plate), d≤20t, where t is the thickness of the deck side plate; When the opening is located at the web of the T-section (that is, the hull watertight plate 6 is the web of the T-section), d≤h / 2, where h is the height of the web of the T-section; When the opening is located outside the above-mentioned position, the d value should be determined based on the comprehensive layout results.

[0028] Specifically, the depth of the watertight filler inside the upper boss 4 or lower boss 7 is 180mm to 220mm. The height dimension h1 of the upper boss 4 is determined by the bending radius of the cable (different ship types, different locations, and different cables may have different curvature radius requirements; meeting the corresponding requirements is sufficient).

[0029] The depth of the expansion plugging material inside the upper boss 4 or the lower boss 7 is 25 mm to 30 mm.

[0030] In this embodiment, watertight filler selection should consider five key performance characteristics: high-pressure watertightness, fire resistance, environmental resistance, corrosion resistance, elasticity, and viscosity. Materials with appropriate properties are selected based on the specific application area. For example, in the engine room, fire resistance, oil stain resistance, and vibration resistance are key considerations, and high-performance polyurethane sealants may be used. For exposed decks, resistance to salt spray corrosion and ambient temperature fluctuations is key, and silicone rubber sealants may be used. Expansive plugging materials with high-temperature fire resistance and good thermal expansion properties are selected based on the specific application area. For example, expanded graphite-based materials (basically composed of expandable graphite and a binder) may be used for high-pressure penetrations, while composite expansive resin materials (basically composed of modified epoxy / polyurethane and an expansion agent) may be used for high-vibration areas.

[0031] The installation process of this ship's through-tank watertight structure is as follows: First, weld the cylinder 5 to the through hole of the hull watertight plate 6, and then weld the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 5; Then, after passing all the cables through the outer sleeve, pour expansion plugging material from both ends of the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 to the interface between the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7. When pouring the expansion plugging material, ensure that the cables are evenly arranged in the cylinder 5 by inserting bamboo pieces, plastic sheets or inflatable cushions, manually separating them, and pulling them with ropes; Finally, the end faces of the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 are filled and leveled by pouring watertight fillers from both ends of the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7. The upper opening of the upper boss 3 and the lower opening of the lower boss 7 are the injection ports of the watertight fillers.

[0032] The marine watertight structure proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Compared with the existing barrel-shaped cross-section structure, the present invention adopts a "funnel" structure with a small center and large ends. The cable is shaped like a "bouquet" in the "funnel". Under the same opening restriction conditions of the hull structure, the cable occupancy rate at the inlet and outlet is effectively reduced, solving the problem of cable sealing when passing through the cabin. At the same time, the sealing operation is simple and easy. 2. Compared with the columnar structure with equal cross-section, the double-sided "funnel" structure of this ship's through-tank watertight structure becomes tighter and tighter under the action of water pressure, thus achieving a better sealing effect; 3. The ship's through-tank watertight structure has the advantages of simple structure, stable and reliable operation and easy implementation.

[0033] The present invention further proposes a method for installing a marine watertight structure for reducing the cable occupancy rate.

[0034] In this preferred embodiment, a method for installing the above-mentioned marine watertight structure for reducing the cable occupancy rate includes the following steps: Step S10, welding the cylinder 5 to the through hole of the hull watertight plate 6, and then welding the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 5; Step S20: After all cables have passed through the outer sleeve, expandable plugging material is poured from both ends of the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 to the interface between the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7. When pouring the expandable plugging material, the cables are evenly arranged in the cylinder 5 by inserting bamboo pieces, plastic sheets or inflatable cushions, manually separating them, and pulling them with ropes. In step S30 , the end surfaces of the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 are filled and leveled by pouring watertight fillers from both ends of the upper boss 4 and the lower boss 7 .

[0035] The installation method proposed by the present invention has the advantage of simple and convenient installation.

[0036] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate, characterized in that: It includes an outer sleeve for being sleeved outside the cable and fixed to the watertight plate of the hull, and a filling material filled in the outer sleeve, wherein: The outer sleeve includes an upper boss, a cylinder and a lower boss which are sealed and connected in sequence. The interiors of the upper boss, the cylinder and the lower boss are all hollow and the cavities are interconnected. The filling material includes an expansion plugging material filled in the interior of the cylinder, the lower part of the upper boss and the upper part of the lower boss, and a watertight filler filled in the upper part of the upper boss and the lower part of the lower boss.

2. The marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the cylinder is welded to the watertight plate of the hull, and the height of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 50 mm.

3. The marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper boss and the lower boss are symmetrical relative to the hull watertight plate axis.

4. The marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expansion plugging material and the watertight filler of the upper and lower bosses are their interfaces, and the diameter of the circle corresponding to the inner wall at the interface is D, and D satisfies the following relationship: ， in, It is the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all cables passing through the cylinder.

5. The marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the cylinder is d, and d satisfies the following relationship: When the opening is located in the strong deck side plate, d≤20t, where t is the thickness of the deck side plate; When the opening is located at the web of the T-section, d≤h / 2, where h is the height of the web of the T-section.

6. The marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the watertight filler inside the upper boss or the lower boss is 180 mm to 220 mm.

7. The marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the expansion plugging material inside the upper boss or the lower boss is 25mm to 30mm.

8. The marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The watertight filler is made of polyurethane sealant or silicone rubber sealant; the expansion plugging material is made of expanded graphite-based material or composite expansion resin material.

9. The marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The upper boss, the cylinder and the lower boss are connected in sequence by welding.

10. A method for installing a marine watertight structure for reducing cable occupancy rate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Weld the cylinder to the through hole of the hull watertight plate, and then weld the upper boss and the lower boss to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder; After passing all the cables through the outer sleeve, pour expansion plugging material from both ends of the upper and lower bosses to the interface between the upper and lower bosses. When pouring the expansion plugging material, ensure that the cables are evenly arranged in the cylinder by inserting bamboo pieces, plastic sheets or inflatable cushions, manually separating them, and pulling them with ropes; The end surfaces of the upper boss and the lower boss are filled and leveled by respectively pouring watertight fillers from both ends of the upper boss and the lower boss.

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