Concentrated double-sided photovoltaic string system based on rectified air film cooling

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of double-sided photovoltaic string, and particularly discloses a light-concentrating double-sided photovoltaic string system based on rectification air film cooling, which comprises a support, a photovoltaic string arranged on the support, the photovoltaic string being used for converting solar energy into electric energy, a light-concentrating assembly, the light-concentrating assembly being used for focusing solar energy to the photovoltaic string, a cooling assembly, the cooling assembly comprising an air cooling mechanism and a liquid cooling mechanism, the air cooling mechanism being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic string, the air cooling mechanism being used for air cooling and heat dissipation of the photovoltaic string, and the liquid cooling mechanism being used for liquid cooling and heat dissipation of the photovoltaic string, and a cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly comprising a moving frame, a mounting mechanism, a moving mechanism, a wiping mechanism and a liquid transmission mechanism; the system is integrated with a cleaning device through air film-liquid cooling collaborative design, realizes linkage of cleaning and heat dissipation, reduces component redundancy, lowers operation and maintenance cost, and greatly improves system compactness and reliability of continuous power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bifacial photovoltaic string technology, specifically a concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified gas film cooling. Background Technology

[0002] As photovoltaic power generation technology develops towards higher power density and intelligence, bifacial photovoltaic modules, due to their ability to receive sunlight on both the front and back sides, significantly increase power generation compared to single-sided modules in scenarios with high ground reflectivity or optimized installation angles.

[0003] However, traditional air-cooling technology is not efficient in heat dissipation under high temperature and high radiation environments, which can easily lead to overheating of the components, reduced efficiency, or even shortened lifespan. At the same time, dust accumulation on the surface of photovoltaic panels can severely reduce light transmittance, while manual cleaning is costly and inefficient. Existing cleaning devices mostly rely on external power and are difficult to coordinate with the heat dissipation system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified gas film cooling to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling includes:

[0007] A support frame, on which photovoltaic strings are installed, which are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy;

[0008] A concentrator, symmetrically arranged on both sides of a support, is used to focus solar energy onto a photovoltaic string;

[0009] A cooling assembly, comprising an air-cooling mechanism and a liquid-cooling mechanism, wherein the air-cooling mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic string, the air-cooling mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic string by air cooling, and the liquid-cooling mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic string by liquid cooling.

[0010] A cleaning assembly includes a movable frame, an installation mechanism, a moving mechanism, a wiping mechanism, and a liquid transfer mechanism. The installation mechanism is used to install the movable frame onto the photovoltaic string. The moving mechanism is used to drive the movable frame to move by the liquid flow in the liquid cooling mechanism. The liquid transfer mechanism is used to spray cooling water from the liquid cooling mechanism onto the upper surface of the photovoltaic string. The wiping mechanism is used to wipe the surface of the photovoltaic string with cooling water.

[0011] Preferably, the photovoltaic string includes a mounting frame and a plurality of double-sided photovoltaic panels, the double-sided photovoltaic panels being arranged at equal intervals on the mounting frame.

[0012] Preferably, the double-sided photovoltaic panel includes a double-sided photovoltaic cell, an EVA film, and a glass cover plate, with the EVA film and the glass cover plate arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside on both sides of the double-sided photovoltaic cell.

[0013] Preferably, the concentrating component includes a parabolic concentrator mirror, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support. The parabolic concentrator mirror is used to focus solar energy onto the bifacial photovoltaic cells.

[0014] Preferably, the air-cooling mechanism includes a rectifier cylinder, a fan, and a guide plate. The rectifier cylinder is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support. A rectifying air film is provided inside the rectifier cylinder. The fan is provided with the air inlet of the rectifier cylinder. The guide plate is connected to the air outlet of the rectifier cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the liquid cooling mechanism includes a cooling water storage tank, a water pump, a connecting pipe, a return pipe, a cooling pipe, and a three-way valve. The cooling water storage tank, water pump, and connecting pipe are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support. The cooling water storage tank is used to store cooling water. The output end of the water pump is connected to the connecting pipe. The symmetrically arranged connecting pipes are interconnected with the cooling pipes through the three-way valve. Several cooling pipes are provided. The water pump is used to input the cooling water from the cooling water storage tank into the connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is connected to the return pipe through the three-way valve. The return pipe is used to interconnect the connecting pipe and the cooling water storage tank. The three-way valve connects the return pipe and the connecting pipe to allow the cooling water cooled in the connecting pipe to flow back to the cooling water storage tank.

[0016] Preferably, the mounting mechanism includes a mounting block and fixing bolts, and the mounting block is fixedly connected to the movable frame by the fixing bolts.

[0017] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a magnetic moving block, a connecting solenoid valve, a position sensor, and a magnetic wheel. The magnetic moving block is movably connected to the cooling pipe, the connecting solenoid valve is disposed on the magnetic moving block, the position sensor is used to detect the position of the magnetic moving block in the cooling pipe, and the magnetic wheel is disposed on the mounting block. The magnetic moving block and the magnetic wheel attract each other.

[0018] Preferably, the wiping mechanism includes an adhesive push rod, a connecting rod, and a wiping block. The adhesive push rod is disposed on the movable frame, the connecting rod is connected to the adhesive push rod, and the wiping block is disposed on the connecting rod.

[0019] Preferably, the liquid transfer mechanism includes a two-way valve and a nozzle. The two-way valve is used to connect the three-way valve and the cooling pipe to each other, and the nozzle is connected to the other outlet of the three-way valve.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This system integrates an air-cooling mechanism with a rectifying air film and a liquid-cooling mechanism. The air-cooling mechanism with the rectifying air film forms a high-speed and uniform air curtain. The air-cooling mechanisms on both sides remove the heat from the double-sided photovoltaic panels through forced convection heat exchange, and the liquid cooling quickly removes the heat. While the liquid-cooling mechanism is working, it can drive the moving mechanism of the cleaning component to drive the wiping mechanism to clean the double-sided photovoltaic panels. This system integrates the air film-liquid cooling collaborative design with the cleaning device to achieve linkage between cleaning and heat dissipation, reduce component redundancy, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and significantly improve the system compactness and the reliability of continuous power generation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial view structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial view structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the double-sided photovoltaic panel of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions and structures of the connecting pipe, three-way valve one, and three-way valve two of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the three-way valve and the nozzle of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the movable frame and the mounting block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the cooling pipe and the magnetic moving block of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the parabolic concentrator and double-sided photovoltaic panel of the present invention in the XY plane.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Bracket, 2. Movable frame, 3. Mounting frame, 4. Double-sided photovoltaic panel, 5. Parabolic concentrator, 6. Rectifier cylinder, 7. Fan, 8. Guide plate, 9. Cooling water storage tank, 10. Water pump, 11. Connecting pipe, 12. Return pipe, 13. Cooling pipe, 14. Three-way valve I, 15. Mounting block, 16. Fixing bolt, 17. Magnetic moving block, 18. Connecting solenoid valve, 19. Position sensor, 20. Magnetic wheel, 21. Adhesive push rod, 22. Connecting rod, 23. Wiping block, 24. Three-way valve II, 25. Nozzle, 401. Double-sided photovoltaic cell, 402. EVA film, 403. Glass cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0032] A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified gas film cooling, as shown in the attached specification. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0033] Support 1, which can be height adjusted, is equipped with a photovoltaic string, which is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy;

[0034] Concentrating modules, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support 1, are used to focus solar energy onto the photovoltaic string;

[0035] The cooling assembly includes an air-cooling mechanism and a liquid-cooling mechanism. The air-cooling mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic string. The air-cooling mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic string by air cooling, and the liquid-cooling mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic string by liquid cooling.

[0036] The cleaning component includes a movable frame 2, an installation mechanism, a moving mechanism, a wiping mechanism, and a liquid transfer mechanism. The installation mechanism is used to install the movable frame 2 onto the photovoltaic string. The moving mechanism is used to drive the movable frame 2 to move by the liquid flow in the liquid cooling mechanism. The liquid transfer mechanism is used to spray the cooling water in the liquid cooling mechanism onto the upper surface of the photovoltaic string. The wiping mechanism is used to wipe the surface of the photovoltaic string with the cooling water.

[0037] The photovoltaic string includes a mounting frame 3 and several double-sided photovoltaic panels 4. The mounting frame 3 is connected to the bracket 1 and is a frame made of aluminum alloy. The double-sided photovoltaic panels 4 are evenly spaced on the mounting frame 3. In this embodiment, there are two double-sided photovoltaic panels 4, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting frame 3.

[0038] The bifacial photovoltaic panel 4 includes bifacial photovoltaic cells 401, EVA film 402, and glass cover plate 403. In the accompanying drawings, to facilitate the display of the cooling pipes, the spacing between the photovoltaic units in the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401 is increased. Specifically, the top of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401 receives direct and diffuse solar radiation converged by the parabolic concentrator 5, while the bottom receives solar radiation reflected from the ground and scattered from the sky. EVA film 402 and glass cover plate 403 are sequentially arranged on both sides of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401 from the inside out. EVA film 402 fills the gap between the glass cover plate 403 and the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401, protecting the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401 and exhibiting high transmittance. Glass cover plate 403 has high transmittance for sunlight and good water resistance, moisture resistance, and impact resistance, effectively preventing damage to the internal bifacial photovoltaic cell 401.

[0039] The concentrating component includes a parabolic concentrator 5, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support 1. The upper end of the symmetrical composite parabolic concentrator 5 forms a light passage hole for the symmetrical composite parabolic concentrator 5. The parabolic concentrator 5 is used to focus solar energy onto the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401.

[0040] In this invention, the design method of the symmetrical parabolic condenser lens 5 is as follows:

[0041] With the center point at the connection of the two bifacial photovoltaic panels 4 as the origin, the left-right direction (i.e., the width direction of the bifacial photovoltaic panel 4) is set as the X-axis, the front-back direction (i.e., the length direction of the bifacial photovoltaic panel 4) is set as the Z-axis, and the center normal of the front glass cover plate 403 is set as the Y-axis; if the parabolic condenser lens 5 is symmetrically arranged with a length of l, the parabolic condenser lens 5 is formed by extending the parabolic segment along the positive and negative directions of the Z-axis by l / 2 respectively, and the symmetrical composite parabolic condenser lens 512 has the same length as the long side of the bifacial photovoltaic string;

[0042] As per the instruction manual Figure 8 As shown, the equation of the parabola segment on the left in the XY plane is:

[0043] (1),

[0044] The equation of the parabola segment on the right in the XY plane is:

[0045] (2),

[0046] In formulas (1) to (2), x Let be the parametric equation of the x-coordinate of the parabola segment; y Let be the parametric equation of the ordinate of the parabola segment; wThe width of the bifacial photovoltaic string 6 is in meters. θ i The polar angle of the incident ray is expressed in degrees (°). θ i Size Limit x, y The coordinates; θ m The maximum receiving half-angle of the symmetrical parabolic condenser lens 5, in degrees, is determined by adjusting... θ m The magnitude of the value is used to change the light receiving range and geometric focusing ratio of the condenser lens; the geometric focusing ratio of the symmetrically arranged parabolic condenser lens 5 is 1 / sin( θ m In this invention, the focal point of the parabolic condenser lens 5 falls on the outer edge of the long side of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 4, and the light-passing hole of the symmetrical parabolic condenser lens 5 is parallel to the front glass cover plate 403 of the double-sided photovoltaic string.

[0047] The air-cooling mechanism includes a rectifier cylinder 6, a fan 7, and a guide plate 8. The rectifier cylinder 6 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bracket 1. A rectifying air film is provided inside the rectifier cylinder 6. The rectifying air film is used to regulate the airflow in the rectifier cylinder 6 so that the airflow inside the rectifier cylinder 6 is more stable and enters the guide plate 8. The fan 7 is provided with the air inlet of the rectifier cylinder 6. The fan 7 is used to input the airflow into the rectifier cylinder 6. The fan 7 is DC driven and can be driven by the power generated by the double-sided photovoltaic panel 4. The guide plate 8 is connected to the air outlet of the rectifier cylinder 6. The guide plate 8 is used to guide the airflow to the surface of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 4 and remove dust on the glass cover plate 403.

[0048] The liquid cooling mechanism includes a cooling water storage tank 9, a water pump 10, a connecting pipe 11, a return pipe 12, a cooling pipe 13, and a three-way valve 14. The cooling water storage tank 9, the water pump 10, and the connecting pipe 11 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bracket 1. The cooling water storage tank 9 is used to store cooling water. The output end of the water pump 10 is connected to the connecting pipe 11. The cooling pipe 13 is arranged through the glass cover plate 403 of different double-sided photovoltaic panels 4. The symmetrically arranged connecting pipes 11 are interconnected with each other through the three-way valve 14. There are several cooling pipes 13. The water pump 10 is used to input the cooling water in the cooling water storage tank 9 into the connecting pipe 11. The connecting pipe 11 is connected to the return pipe 12 through the three-way valve 14. The return pipe 12 is used to connect the connecting pipe 11 and the cooling water storage tank 9. The three-way valve 14 connects the return pipe 12 and the connecting pipe 11 so that the cooling water cooled in the connecting pipe 11 flows back to the cooling water storage tank 9.

[0049] The mounting mechanism includes a mounting block 15 and a fixing bolt 16. The mounting block 15 is used to restrict the movement direction of the mobile frame 2, so that the mobile frame 2 can only move along the long side of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 4. The mounting block 15 is also used to mount the magnetic roller 20. The mounting block 15 is fixedly connected to the mobile frame 2 by the fixing bolt 16.

[0050] The moving mechanism includes a magnetic moving block 17, a connecting solenoid valve 18, a position sensor 19, and magnetic wheels 20. In this embodiment, seven cooling pipes are arranged in parallel. The magnetic moving block is movably connected to the cooling pipe 13 on the outermost side of the mounting frame, and the magnetic moving block 17 can attract adjacent magnetic wheels 20. The magnetic moving block 17 has a cylindrical structure, and its diameter is the same as the inner wall aperture of the cooling pipe 13. A rubber ring is provided at the connection between the magnetic moving block 17 and the cooling pipe 13. Therefore, when the connecting solenoid valve 18 is not open, the magnetic moving block 17 will move along the cooling pipe 13 under the action of water flow. Solenoid valve 18 is located on magnetic moving block 17, and position sensor 19 is located at the outlet of three-way valve 24. Position sensor 19 is a waterproof infrared distance sensor. Position sensor 19 is used to detect the position of magnetic moving block 17 in cooling pipe 13. Magnetic wheel 20 includes magnetic block and roller. Magnetic block and roller are coaxially connected. Magnetic block and magnetic moving block 17 can attract each other. Roller is rotatably connected to magnetic block. Therefore, when magnetic moving block 17 moves relative to each other, the moving frame 2 can be moved by the roller. Magnetic wheel 20 is located on mounting block 15. Magnetic moving block 17 and magnetic wheel 20 attract each other.

[0051] The wiping mechanism includes a bonding push rod 21, a connecting rod 22, and a wiping block 23. The bonding push rod 21 is used to drive the connecting rod 22 to move, thereby driving the wiping block 23 to adhere to the glass cover plate 403 of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 4. The bonding push rod 21 is set on the movable frame 2, the connecting rod 22 is connected to the bonding push rod 21, and the two ends of the connecting rod 22 are slidably connected to the sliding grooves on the side wall of the movable frame 2. The wiping block 23 is set on the connecting rod 22.

[0052] The liquid transfer mechanism includes a three-way valve 24 and a nozzle 25. Both the three-way valve 14 and the three-way valve 24 can be opened and closed at any outlet by electromagnetic control. The three-way valve 24 is used to connect the three-way valve 14 and the cooling pipe 13 to each other. The other outlet of the three-way valve 24 is connected to the nozzle 25, which is used to spray cooling water onto the surface of the glass cover plate 403.

[0053] Working principle: In this invention, the symmetrical parabolic concentrator 5 concentrates the direct and scattered solar radiation from the light-passing aperture onto the front glass cover plate 403 in the bifacial photovoltaic string to increase the irradiance of the front glass cover plate 403, so that the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401 has more energy to be converted into electrical energy, thereby reducing the power generation cost and increasing the power generation. The back glass cover plate 403 in the bifacial photovoltaic string is used to receive solar radiation reflected from the ground and scattered from the sky. The solar radiation transmitted through the front and back glass cover plates 403 passes through the front EVA film 402 and the back EVA film 402 and is absorbed by the front and back of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401. A portion of the solar radiation is converted into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect, while the remaining portion of the solar radiation is converted into heat energy, which increases the operating temperature of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 401.

[0054] When the double-sided photovoltaic panel 4 is working, the fan 7 generates airflow. After passing through the rectified air film, the airflow is input into the guide plate 8 and then into both sides of the double-sided photovoltaic panel 4 to cool the photovoltaic panel. At the same time, the water pump 10 inputs the cooling water in the cooling water storage tank 9 on one side into the cooling pipe 13. By opening the three-way valve 14, the cooling water in the cooling pipe 13 is transported to the cooling water storage tank 9 on the other side through the return pipe 12.

[0055] When cleaning is required, some cooling water is first sprayed onto the upper glass cover plate 403 through the three-way valve 24. Then, by closing the connecting solenoid valve 18 and turning on the water pump 10, the magnetic moving block will move along the cooling pipe 13 under the action of the water flow. The magnetic attraction will drive the moving frame 2 to move through the moving wheel, thereby cleaning the upper glass cover plate 403 through the wiping block 23. After wiping, the cooling water is coated onto the surface of the upper glass cover plate 403 to form a liquid film. At this time, the air cooling mechanism will blow to accelerate the evaporation of the surface liquid film and further dissipate heat.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling, characterized in that, include: A support frame, on which photovoltaic strings are installed, which are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; A concentrator, symmetrically arranged on both sides of a support, is used to focus solar energy onto a photovoltaic string; A cooling assembly, comprising an air-cooling mechanism and a liquid-cooling mechanism, wherein the air-cooling mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the photovoltaic string, the air-cooling mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic string by air cooling, and the liquid-cooling mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic string by liquid cooling. A cleaning assembly includes a movable frame, an installation mechanism, a moving mechanism, a wiping mechanism, and a liquid transfer mechanism. The installation mechanism is used to install the movable frame onto the photovoltaic string. The moving mechanism is used to drive the movable frame to move by the liquid flow in the liquid cooling mechanism. The liquid transfer mechanism is used to spray cooling water from the liquid cooling mechanism onto the upper surface of the photovoltaic string. The wiping mechanism is used to wipe the surface of the photovoltaic string with cooling water. The air-cooling mechanism includes a rectifier cylinder, a fan, and a guide plate; The liquid cooling mechanism includes a cooling water storage tank, a water pump, connecting pipes, a return pipe, cooling pipes, and a three-way valve. The installation mechanism includes an installation block and fixing bolts, and the installation block is fixedly connected to the movable frame by the fixing bolts. The moving mechanism includes a magnetic moving block, a connecting solenoid valve, a position sensor, and a magnetic wheel. The magnetic moving block is movably connected to the cooling pipe. The connecting solenoid valve is disposed on the magnetic moving block. The position sensor is used to detect the position of the magnetic moving block in the cooling pipe. The magnetic wheel is disposed on the mounting block. The magnetic moving block and the magnetic wheel attract each other.

2. The concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic string includes a mounting frame and several double-sided photovoltaic panels, which are evenly spaced on the mounting frame.

3. A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The double-sided photovoltaic panel includes a double-sided photovoltaic cell, an EVA film, and a glass cover plate. The double-sided photovoltaic cell has an EVA film and a glass cover plate arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside on both sides.

4. A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solar concentrator includes a parabolic concentrator mirror, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support. The parabolic concentrator mirror is used to focus solar energy onto the top of the bifacial photovoltaic cell.

5. A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rectifier cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support. A rectifier air film is provided inside the rectifier cylinder. The fan is provided with the air inlet of the rectifier cylinder. The guide plate is connected to the air outlet of the rectifier cylinder.

6. A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling water storage tank, water pump, and connecting pipes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support. The cooling water storage tank is used to store cooling water. The output end of the water pump is connected to the connecting pipe. The symmetrically arranged connecting pipes are interconnected with the cooling pipes through a three-way valve. There are several cooling pipes. The water pump is used to input the cooling water from the cooling water storage tank into the connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is connected to the return pipe through a three-way valve. The return pipe is used to connect the connecting pipe and the cooling water storage tank. The three-way valve connects the return pipe and the connecting pipe to allow the cooling water cooled in the connecting pipe to flow back to the cooling water storage tank.

7. A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wiping mechanism includes a bonding push rod, a connecting rod, and a wiping block. The bonding push rod is disposed on the movable frame, the connecting rod is connected to the bonding push rod, and the wiping block is disposed on the connecting rod.

8. A concentrating bifacial photovoltaic string system based on rectified film cooling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid transfer mechanism includes a two-way valve and a nozzle. The two-way valve is used to connect the three-way valve and the cooling pipe to each other, and the nozzle is connected to the other outlet of the three-way valve.

Images