Measuring method for winding machine and winding machine for carrying out such measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring method (20) for a winding machine (10) for winding a material (18), in particular a fibrous material (18), having at least one mandrel (14), at least one winding surface (15) and a measuring device (12), in which the mandrel (14) drives the at least one winding surface (15) in rotation about a longitudinal axis of the mandrel (14) in at least one operating state, the invention relates to a method for winding a material (18) on a winding surface (15) in order to wind the material (18) onto the winding surface (15) in order to form a package, in particular a fiber package, in which, in at least one method step (22), a parameter of the package on the winding surface (15) is detected by means of a measuring device (12), at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface (15) being calculated using a mass moment of inertia, in particular a mass moment of inertia applied to a mandrel (14). According to the invention, in a method step (22), the weight of the package on the winding surface (15) is calculated by means of a measuring device (12) using a mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel (14), in a method step (32), an intermediate braking is carried out in order to detect an intermediate braking force, the weight of the package is calculated by means of the measuring device (12) using the intermediate braking force, and the weight of the package is measured by means of the measuring device (12). The mandrel (14), in particular the sleeve (16), is not in a stationary state during intermediate braking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a measuring method for a winder, a measuring device for carrying out such a measuring method, and a winder having such a measuring device. Background Art

[0002] A measuring method has been proposed for a winding machine for winding material, in particular fibrous material, the winding machine comprising at least one mandrel, at least one winding surface and a measuring device, wherein the mandrel, in at least one operating state, drives the at least one winding surface in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the mandrel in order to wind the material onto the winding surface to form a bale, in particular a fiber bale, wherein in at least one method step the weight of the bale on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device.

[0003] For example, DE 10 2016 005 597 A1, DE 10 2012 023 557 A1 and DE 10 202011 9846 A1 disclose a measuring method for a winder for winding material, the winder comprising at least one spindle, at least one winding surface and a measuring device, wherein in at least one operating state the spindle drives the at least one winding surface in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the spindle in order to wind the material onto the winding surface to form a bale, wherein in at least one method step at least one parameter of the bale on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device, wherein the at least one parameter of the bale on the winding surface is calculated using the mass moment of inertia. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a measuring method and a winding machine of the same type having improved properties with respect to resource utilization and process quality. This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claims 1 and 9, while advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention can be derived from the dependent claims.

[0005] The invention relates to a measuring method for a winding machine for winding material, in particular fibrous material, the winding machine comprising at least one mandrel, at least one winding surface, and a measuring device, wherein the mandrel, in at least one operating state, drives the at least one winding surface in rotation about its longitudinal axis in order to wind the material onto the winding surface to form a bale, in particular a fiber bale, wherein in at least one method step, at least one parameter of the bale on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device, wherein the at least one parameter of the bale on the winding surface is calculated using a mass moment of inertia, in particular a mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel.

[0006] It is proposed that in this method step, the weight of the bale on the winding surface is calculated using the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel by means of a measuring device. In one method step, intermediate braking is performed to detect the intermediate braking force, and the weight of the bale is calculated using the intermediate braking force by means of the measuring device. The mandrel, in particular the sleeve, is not at rest during the intermediate braking. Furthermore, at least one sleeve, in particular the sleeve already mentioned, can be arranged on the mandrel and serves to receive the material. The sleeve is in particular driven directly by the mandrel. Preferably, the winding surface is formed by the outer surface of the mandrel or the outer surface of the sleeve. Preferably, the winding machine has at least one drive unit for accelerating the mandrel. The drive unit preferably has at least one electric motor. Furthermore, the drive unit may also have a transmission. The drive unit, in particular the electric motor, is preferably configured to drive at least one mandrel in rotation. The drive unit, in particular the electric motor, is preferably configured to increase or decrease the angular velocity, in particular the rotational speed, of the mandrel when the mandrel is accelerated. Here, the acceleration of the mandrel is in particular the angular acceleration, and thus in particular the change in the angular velocity of the mandrel about its axis of rotation. Preferably, the winding machine has at least one control and / or regulating unit. The control and / or regulating unit is preferably at least configured to control the torque of the drive unit, in particular the torque of the electric motor of the drive unit, in such a way that the spindle is regulated to a desired angular velocity, in particular a rotational speed, by means of the angular acceleration of the electric motor. Preferably, the control and / or regulating unit is configured to regulate the angular velocity of the spindle to a defined value by means of the drive unit during operation. A "control and / or regulating unit" is to be understood in particular as a unit having at least one control electronics. Alternatively or in addition, it is also conceivable that the control and / or regulating unit is part of a computing unit. A "control electronics" is to be understood in particular as a unit having a processor unit and a memory unit as well as an operating program stored in the memory unit. Alternatively, the control and / or regulating unit can also comprise only a logic circuit. "Configured" is to be understood in particular as being specially programmed, designed and / or equipped. Configuring an object to a specific function is to be understood in particular as meaning that the object performs and / or implements this specific function in at least one application state and / or operating state. Preferably, the electric motor of the drive unit is connected to the spindle in such a way that the angular velocity of the electric motor corresponds to the angular velocity of the spindle, and the angular acceleration of the electric motor corresponds to the angular acceleration of the spindle. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the drive unit has a transmission, in particular a belt transmission, which brings about a transmission ratio between the electric motor and the spindle. Preferably, at least one sleeve, if any, has the same angular velocity and the same angular acceleration as the spindle. The spindle preferably derives its angular acceleration from the torque of the electric motor, which is acted on the spindle by the drive shaft of the electric motor. The sleeve, if any, preferably derives its angular acceleration from the torque of the spindle, which is acted on the sleeve by the spindle. Preferably, the control unit is configured such that the angular velocity of the sleeve, the spindle and / or the electric motor is detected in one method step.In one method step, the control unit preferably controls the electric motor in such a way that the electric motor adjusts the required angular speed on the spindle by means of its torque.

[0007] At least one parameter is particularly assigned to the bales on the winding surface and particularly at least partially defines the bales on the winding surface. Preferably, the at least one parameter allows inference about the bale's condition. This parameter can, for example, be formed by the weight of the bales on the winding surface. Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that the at least one parameter is formed by, for example, a process quality parameter of the bales. In particular, this parameter can be used, for example, to monitor the ongoing material manufacturing process. In particular, the total mass moment of inertia is calculated using the consumed torque of the drive unit's electric motor, wherein known mass moments of inertia, such as, in particular, the mass moment of inertia of the drive unit and the mass moment of inertia of the spindle, can be subtracted from the total mass moment of inertia to determine the mass moment of inertia of the bales. "Consumption torque of the electric motor" should be understood to mean, in particular, the torque applied by the electric motor to drive the spindle and, if necessary, the sleeve, in order to maintain, increase, or reduce the spindle's angular velocity at a desired angular velocity. In this context, "total mass moment of inertia" should be understood to mean, in particular, the mass moment of inertia comprising all mass moments of inertia along the drive train from the drive unit's electric motor to the spindle. Preferably, the total mass moment of inertia is composed of at least the mass moment of inertia of the drive unit, in particular the mass moment of inertia of the rotor of the electric motor, and, if applicable, the mass moment of inertia acting on the at least one sleeve. The mass moment of inertia acting on the mandrel is composed in particular of the mass moment of inertia of the mandrel itself, of the mass moment of inertia of the sleeve if applicable, and of the mass moment of inertia of the material located on the winding surface when winding of the material, in particular fibrous material, has already taken place on the winding surface.

[0008] The winding machine preferably includes a computing unit. The computing unit is configured to calculate at least one parameter of the package. Preferably, the computing unit is configured to calculate the mass moment of inertia applied to the mandrel. In one method step, the computing unit calculates the mass moment of inertia applied to the mandrel, in particular by subtracting the mass moment of inertia of the electric motor from the total mass moment of inertia. Preferably, the computing unit includes at least one data set. This data set preferably stores at least the mass moment of inertia of the electric motor. Furthermore, the mass moment of inertia of an idle mandrel may also be stored. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the mass moment of inertia of the drive unit and the mass moment of inertia of the mandrel are measured before each winding. In this context, an "idle mandrel" is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a mandrel that does not contain a sleeve and / or does not contain any material, in particular fibrous material, for winding. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the mass moments of inertia of the idle mandrel are preferably determined and stored in the computing unit before the winding machine is started. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the mass moments of inertia of the idle mandrel are determined separately or jointly during a calibration step of the winding machine. In one method step, parameters of a package of winding material, in particular a fibrous material, are preferably calculated. In this context, "winding material" is to be understood in particular as the material that is wound onto the sleeve during operation of the winder. This material can be formed, for example, from monofilaments, ribbons, etc. Preferably, this material is formed from a fibrous material. In this context, "fibrous material" is to be understood in particular as a material composed of plastic fibers, natural fibers, or glass fibers, in particular composed of a plurality of fibers.

[0009] The embodiment of the measuring method according to the present invention allows the weight of a bale, in particular a bale made of wound material, to be determined cost-effectively and accurately by a winding machine. The bale weight can advantageously be determined during the winding process. Additional work steps and devices for determining the bale weight can advantageously be omitted.

[0010] According to the present invention, in this method step, the weight of the bale on the winding surface is calculated using the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel by means of a measuring device. The weight of the bale constitutes, in particular, a parameter of the bale. Preferably, the data set of the computing unit includes the mass moment of inertia of an idle mandrel and / or the mass moment of inertia of an idle mandrel is determined before the winding process. The idle mandrel is preferably free of material. In one method step, the computing unit calculates the weight of the bale composed of material, in particular fibrous material, by subtracting the mass moment of inertia of the idle mandrel and the mass moment of inertia of the electric motor from the total mass moment of inertia detected. In this context, the term "weight of the bale on the winding surface" should particularly be understood to mean the weight of the bale of material, in particular fibrous material, wound on the winding surface. The weight particularly defines the current weight of the material, in particular fibrous material, currently wound on the winding surface. "Calculating the mass of the bale on the winding surface using the mass moment of inertia, in particular the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel" should particularly be understood to mean directly detecting or indirectly determining the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel and inferring the mass of the bale on the winding surface from the changing mass moment of inertia. Preferably, the current total mass moment of inertia of the mandrel with the bales is calculated from the torque generated by the drive unit for accelerating the mandrel with the bales, and the weight of the bales is inferred therefrom, in particular by calculation. Advantageously, the design of the measuring method allows the weight of the bales of wound material to be determined accurately and easily. The weight of the wound material can advantageously be determined while the package is arranged on the mandrel. In particular, the influence of centrifugal forces on the weight measurement can be minimized compared to conventional weight measurements.

[0011] Furthermore, it is proposed that, in one method step, the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel during acceleration, particularly braking, of the mandrel is detected using a measuring device. "Acceleration" is to be understood here as non-zero acceleration, with positive and negative accelerations being particularly contemplated. Preferably, the control unit detects the required braking torque for braking the mandrel from one angular velocity to a lower angular velocity. The braking torque is preferably provided by the electric motor. Preferably, the data set of the calculation unit includes values ​​for the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor, the idle mandrel, and / or the idle sleeve during the braking process. Preferably, the calculation unit calculates the mass moment of inertia of the material package on the mandrel by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the idle mandrel from the required braking torque of the motor. Preferably, the calculation unit calculates the weight of the material, particularly the fibrous material, by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor, the idle mandrel, and, if applicable, the idle sleeve from the required braking torque of the motor. This design of the measurement method advantageously allows the weight of the material wound on the mandrel to be determined without additional process steps. Advantageously, the weight can be determined in an energy-saving manner.

[0012] Furthermore, it is proposed that, in one method step, a braking force of the winding machine is detected by means of a measuring device. This braking force is provided to brake the rotating spindle, in particular at the end of winding. Preferably, winding has at least one positive acceleration at the beginning of winding and a negative acceleration at the end of winding, in particular braking. Preferably, the spindle has an angular velocity of 0 rad / s at the end of winding, in particular after braking. Since the braking force, in particular the braking torque, is detected at the end of winding, an additional acceleration step can advantageously be omitted. Weight calculation can advantageously be performed during the absolutely necessary process steps.

[0013] Furthermore, it is proposed that in one method step, the weight of the bale is calculated using the braking force by means of a measuring device. Preferably, the calculation unit uses the braking force to calculate the braking torque of the electric motor. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the winding machine has a separate braking unit that is provided for braking the spindle. Preferably, the braking unit provides the calculation unit with the value of the braking force required for calculating the braking torque. Since the braking force, and in particular the braking torque, is detected at the end of winding, an additional acceleration step can advantageously be omitted. The weight can advantageously be calculated during the absolutely necessary process steps.

[0014] According to the present invention, in one method step, intermediate braking is performed to detect the intermediate braking force, wherein the intermediate braking force is used to calculate the weight of the bale by means of a measuring device. The intermediate braking is preferably performed during winding. The intermediate braking is particularly designed to determine the weight of the fibrous material on the mandrel during winding. The intermediate braking preferably lasts for a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds, and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. The mandrel, in particular the sleeve, preferably does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking. In particular, the material continues to be wound onto the winding surface during the intermediate braking. The design of the measuring method advantageously makes it possible to detect the weight of the bale of wound material during winding. The weight can advantageously be detected without removing the bale from the mandrel.

[0015] Furthermore, it is proposed that, in one method step, the braking of the spindle is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle in order to determine disturbance variables, in particular system friction. Preferably, the angular velocity of the spindle increases for at least one acceleration cycle for the duration of the acceleration cycle. Preferably, the acceleration cycle lasts for a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds, and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. Preferably, the angular velocity during the acceleration cycle increases by a maximum of 20 rad / s, preferably by a maximum of 10 rad / s, and particularly preferably by a maximum of 5 rad / s, from the start to the end of the acceleration cycle. The design of the measurement method advantageously allows for the identification of disturbance variables. Advantageously, this can provide a more accurate result for the weight of a bale made of fibrous material.

[0016] Furthermore, it is proposed that in a method step at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle is carried out in order to calibrate the weight measurement. "Carrying out an acceleration cycle during the acceleration" is to be understood in particular as meaning that the angular velocity of the spindle in the acceleration cycle is accelerated with an angular velocity change value which differs from the conventional acceleration, in particular the linear conventional acceleration, of the spindle. "Conventional acceleration" is to be understood in particular as the acceleration which the spindle undergoes in a standard manner at the start of the winding process. It is conceivable that the angular velocity change value in the acceleration cycle is smaller or greater than the angular velocity change value of the conventional acceleration of the spindle. The acceleration cycle during the acceleration of the spindle preferably lasts for a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. The difference in angular velocity change value between conventional acceleration and in the acceleration cycle is preferably at least 1 rad / s 2 , preferably at least 2 rad / s 2 It is conceivable to perform a ramp-up cycle before production begins in order to calibrate the weight measurement. "Performing a ramp-up cycle before production begins" should be understood in particular to mean that the mandrel does not contain a sleeve and / or is not wound with fibrous material. Thus, the measurement method can advantageously be calibrated before production begins. Possible interfering variables can advantageously be detected and, if necessary, eliminated before production begins.

[0017] The present invention also relates to a winding machine for performing the measurement method according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a measuring device, at least one mandrel, and at least one winding surface. The measuring device preferably comprises at least one control and / or regulation unit. The control and / or regulation unit is preferably configured to control at least the torque of the electric motor such that the mandrel is adjusted to a desired angular velocity, in particular a rotational speed, using the motor's angular acceleration. The control and / or regulation unit is preferably configured to detect the angular velocity of the sleeve, the mandrel, and / or the motor. The control and / or regulation unit is preferably configured to control the electric motor such that the motor uses its torque to adjust the desired angular velocity on the mandrel. The measuring device preferably comprises at least one calculation unit. The calculation unit is configured to calculate the weight of a bale of material. The calculation unit is preferably configured to calculate the mass moment of inertia of the bale. The calculation unit is configured to calculate the mass moment of inertia of the bale by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the motor and the mandrel from the total mass moment of inertia. The calculation unit preferably comprises at least one data set. The data set preferably stores at least the mass moments of inertia of the motor and the mass moments of inertia of the idle mandrel. The mass moment of inertia of the electric motor and the mass moment of inertia of the idle spindle are preferably determined before the winder is started and stored in the calculation unit. Preferably, the winder has a plurality of, in particular at least two, spindles. The winder preferably comprises at least one material conveyor, in particular one material conveyor for each spindle. Preferably, the winder comprises a winding device for each spindle for winding material onto the spindle. The measuring device of the winder preferably comprises a control unit and a calculation unit. By means of the design of the winder according to the invention, an advantageously productive winder with an advantageously high throughput can be provided, which can detect the weight of the sleeve or the wound material without removing the sleeve from the spindle and advantageously without additional process steps. By means of the design of the winder according to the invention, a measuring device for the winder can be provided, which allows advantageously detecting the weight of the wound material directly on the winder.

[0018] Furthermore, it is proposed that the winding surface is formed by the outer surface of the mandrel. This allows the material to be wound directly onto the mandrel. The number of components can be kept small, in particular. Alternatively, it is proposed that the winding machine has at least one sleeve, wherein the winding surface is formed by the outer surface of the sleeve. The sleeve is particularly releasably arranged on the mandrel and is provided so that the bale can be removed from the mandrel after the bale is wound. The sleeve serves, in particular, to separate the bale from the mandrel. Various designs of the sleeve are conceivable, as would be considered appropriate by a person skilled in the art. The sleeve can, for example, be formed by a cardboard sleeve or a metal sleeve. Furthermore, a flexible design of the sleeve is conceivable. In particular, the winding machine can be used both with a sleeve, in which the winding surface is particularly formed by the outer surface of the sleeve, and without a sleeve. In this case, the winding surface is accordingly formed on different components. This makes it possible to provide, in particular, an advantageously flexible winding machine.

[0019] It is also proposed that the winding machine has a drive unit for the output of at least one spindle, wherein the measuring device is configured to detect the load of the drive unit. The drive unit particularly has an electric motor, wherein the measuring device is configured to detect the load of the electric motor and to infer the total mass moment of inertia therefrom. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Further advantages result from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous combined features. It is also expedient for a person skilled in the art to consider these features individually and combine them into further meaningful combinations. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram shows a winding machine according to the invention with two spindles and a measuring device;

[0022] Figure 2 The spindle of the winding machine according to the invention is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram shows a measuring method according to the present invention; and

[0024] Figure 4 A diagram is shown which schematically illustrates a deviating braking torque. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Figure 1A winding machine 10 for winding a fibrous material 18 is shown with a measuring device 12, the winding machine 10 having at least one mandrel 14, 14'. The fibrous material 18 is formed, for example, from a plastic fiber yarn, a natural fiber yarn, or a glass fiber yarn, which is in particular composed of a plurality of fibers, in particular monofilaments. The winding machine 10 has two mandrels 14, 14'. The mandrels 14, 14' are constructed essentially identically. The mandrels 14, 14' are arranged axially parallel, wherein preferably only one mandrel 14, 14' is filled with the fibrous material 18 during a single operation. The measuring device 12 is provided for both mandrels 14, 14', but it is also conceivable that each mandrel 14, 14' is assigned a measuring device 12. The spindles 14, 14' each exemplarily include an inner shaft 44, two conical elements 46, 48 arranged on the inner shaft 44, and a hollow cylindrical outer sleeve element 50 ( Figure 2 ).exist Figure 2, a first mandrel 14 of the mandrels 14, 14' is shown by way of example, wherein the mandrels 14, 14' are in particular constructed identically. The winding machine 10 further comprises a material conveyor, which is configured to feed fibrous material 18 to the mandrels 14, 14' to be filled. The material conveyor is configured, for example, to feed the produced fibrous material 18 to the respective mandrels 14, 14' for defined winding, such as cross winding. The material 18 is then wound in the form of a package on the respective mandrels 14, 14' by the rotational movement of the mandrels 14, 14'. The winding machine 10 is configured to wind the material 18 onto the mandrels 14, 14'. The winding machine 10 further comprises a drive unit 52. The drive unit 52 is configured to drive the mandrels 14, 14'. The drive unit 52 comprises at least one electric motor 54. The drive unit 52 exemplarily includes exactly two electric motors 54, only one of which is shown in the figures. Each of the two electric motors 54 is configured to drive one of the two spindles 14, 14'. Each electric motor 54 is provided with a direct drive for directly driving one of the two spindles 14, 14'. However, it is also conceivable that the drive unit 52 also includes a transmission, such as a planetary gear, a spur gear, and / or a belt drive, which transmits the drive motion of the electric motor 54 to the spindles 14, 14'. The winding machine 10 also includes a control and / or regulation unit 56. The control and / or regulation unit 56 is configured to control at least the torque of the electric motor 54 so that the driven spindle 14, 14' is adjusted to a desired angular velocity, in particular a rotational speed, using the angular acceleration of the respective electric motor 54. The control and / or regulation unit 56 is configured to detect the angular velocity of the spindle 14 and / or the electric motor 54 and regulate it to a defined value, in particular a value specified by an operating program. The control and / or regulating unit 56 is configured to control the electric motor 54 in such a way that the electric motor 54 uses its torque to set the desired angular velocity on the spindle 14 , 14 ′.

[0026] The winder 10 further comprises a winding surface 15. The winding surface 15 is used to directly receive bales of fibrous material 18, in particular fiber bales. The winder 10 is configured to wind the fibrous material directly onto the winding surface 15 to form bales. In one embodiment, the winding surface 15 is formed by the outer surface of the mandrel 14. Here, the winding surface 15 is formed by the outer surface of the cylindrical jacket element 50. The winder 10 may further comprise at least one sleeve 16. This at least one sleeve 16 is in particular optional. The sleeve 16 is configured to be releasably connected to one of the mandrels 14, 14'. The sleeve 16 is driven by the mandrel 14. The sleeve 16 is in particular shaped as a hollow cylinder. The sleeve 16 is used to store the bales after winding.

[0027] exist Figure 21 shows the mandrel 14 on the left without the sleeve 16 and on the right with the sleeve 16. Depending on the material 18 and / or on the application, the mandrel 14 can be used with or without the sleeve 16. When the sleeve 16 is used, the winding surface 15 is formed by the outer surface of the sleeve 16.

[0028] The measuring device 12 is configured to detect the load of the drive unit. The measuring device 12 is configured to detect at least one parameter of a bale of material 18 on a winding surface for a winding machine 10 for winding fibrous material 18, in order to perform a measurement method 20. This measurement method is particularly used to detect the weight of the bale of material 18 on the winding surface 15. The measuring device 12 includes a calculation unit 58. The calculation unit 58 is configured to calculate the weight of the bale of fibrous material 18. The calculation unit 58 is configured to calculate the mass moment of inertia of the sleeve 16. The calculation unit is configured to calculate the mass moment of inertia of the bale of fibrous material 18 by subtracting the mass moment of inertia of the driving motor 54 and the mass moment of inertia of the driven spindles 14, 14' from the total mass moment of inertia. The calculation unit 58 includes a data set in which the mass moments of inertia of the motor 54 and the mass moments of inertia of the idle spindles 14, 14' are stored. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54 and of the idle spindles 14, 14' are determined before the start of the winding machine 10 and stored in the calculation unit 58. Alternatively, the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54 and of the idle spindles 14, 14' are detected by means of the calculation unit 58 before each winding operation by operating the spindles 14, 14' in an idle manner within a defined speed range.

[0029] Figure 3 A measuring method 20 is shown for a winding machine 10 for winding fibrous material 18. The measuring method 20 is performed during normal winding operation of the winding machine 10. During the winding operation and the measuring method, one of the motors 54 drives the driven spindle 14, 14' in rotation about its longitudinal axis in order to wind the fibrous material 18 onto the winding surface 15 to form a bale, in particular a fiber bale. During normal winding operation of the winding machine 10, the control and / or regulating unit 56 controls the motor 54 such that the motor 54 uses its torque to adjust the desired angular velocity on the spindle 14.

[0030] Calibration is preferably performed before the winding operation and / or before the measuring method 20. In a method step 36, at least one acceleration cycle of the mandrel 14 is performed to calibrate the weight measurement. Here, the mandrel 14 is idle, wherein the sleeve 16 can be arranged on the mandrel 14, if provided.

[0031] The measuring method 20 is preferably carried out during a regular winding operation. The measuring method 20 can be carried out both at the end of the winding operation, for example to check the final bale dimensions of the bale of fibrous material 18, and during the winding operation, for example to determine intermediate values ​​for the bale weight. Furthermore, the weight can be measured not only continuously but also at individual measuring points.

[0032] To continuously measure the weight of the bale of fibrous material 18 on the mandrel 14, the total mass moment of inertia is continuously measured. In a method step 22 of the measurement method 20, parameters, in particular the weight, of the bale on the winding surface 15 are measured using the measuring device 12. However, other parameters deemed appropriate by a person skilled in the art are also conceivable for measurement. In method step 22, the mass moment of inertia is used to calculate the weight of the bale on the winding surface 15. In method step 22, the weight of the bale of fibrous material 18 is calculated using the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel 14. Method step 22 is performed continuously during normal winding operation. The control and / or regulation unit 56 is configured such that, in method step 22, the angular velocity of the sleeve 16, mandrels 14, 14', and / or motor 54 is measured. Furthermore, the torque consumed by the motor 54 is measured using the control and / or regulation unit 56. As the effective weight of the mandrel 14 increases, the torque consumed by the motor 54 increases at a constant speed. The total mass moment of inertia is calculated in method step 22 using the consumed torque of the electric motor 54. In method step 22, the calculation unit 58 calculates the mass moment of inertia of the bale on the winding surface 15. In method step 22, the calculation unit 58 calculates the mass moment of inertia of the bale of fibrous material 18 on the winding surface 15 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the driving motor 54 and the mass moments of inertia of the driven spindles 14, 14' from the determined total mass moment of inertia. If a sleeve 16 is used, the weight of the sleeve 16 with the wound material 18, particularly the fibrous material 18, is also calculated in method step 22. The data set of the calculation unit 58 includes, in particular, the mass moment of inertia of the idle sleeve 16. The data set can include both calibration data and originally stored data. In method step 22, the calculation unit 58 calculates the weight of the material 18, particularly the fibrous material 18, by subtracting the mass moment of inertia of the motor 54, the mass moment of inertia of the mandrel 14, and, if necessary, the mass moment of inertia of the sleeve 16 from the total mass moment of inertia. The weight of the bale of fibrous material 18 is calculated based on the mass moment of inertia of the bale. Alternatively or additionally, in method step 26, the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel 16 during acceleration, particularly braking, of the mandrel 14 is detected using the measuring device 12. Here, the mass moment of inertia is detected at the end of the winding operation, when the mandrel 16 is braked to a standstill. The control and / or regulation unit 56 detects the required braking torque 40 for braking the mandrel 14 from one angular velocity to a lower angular velocity. The braking torque is provided by the motor 54. However, it is also conceivable to provide a separate braking unit that brakes the mandrel 14. The data set of the calculation unit 58 contains the values ​​of the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54 , the idle spindle 14 and / or the idle sleeve 16 during the braking process.In method step 26, the calculation unit 58 calculates the mass moment of inertia of the bale of material 18 by subtracting the mass moment of inertia of the motor 54 and the mass moment of inertia of the idle spindle 14 from the required braking moment 40 of the motor 54. In a method step 28, the braking force of the winder 10 is detected using the measuring device 12, which is provided to brake the rotating spindle 14 at the end of winding. In a method step 30, the weight of the bale of fibrous material 18 is calculated using the braking force. The calculation unit 58 uses the braking force to calculate the braking torque of the motor 54. To determine the weight of the bale, the total mass moment of inertia is calculated, in particular, as in method step 22. Subsequently, the calculation unit 58 calculates the weight of the material 18, in particular the fibrous material 18, by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the motor 54, the spindle 14, and, if necessary, the sleeve 16 from the total mass moment of inertia.

[0033] Alternatively or additionally, in a method step 32, particularly an intermediate braking step, intermediate braking is performed to detect an intermediate braking force, wherein the intermediate braking force is used to calculate the weight of the bale using measuring device 12. In this case, the weight of the bale can be calculated at regular intervals during the winding operation. Intermediate braking is performed during winding. Intermediate braking, particularly the intermediate braking force, is configured to determine the weight of the bale of fibrous material 18 during winding. Mandrel 14 does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking. During the intermediate braking, material 18 continues to be wound onto winding surface 15. Method step 32, particularly the intermediate braking step, is followed by method step 30. In method step 30, the intermediate braking force is used to calculate the weight of the bale of fibrous material 18. The intermediate braking force is used by calculation unit 58 to calculate the braking torque of motor 54. To determine the weight of the bale, the total mass moment of inertia is particularly calculated, as in method step 22. The calculation unit 58 then calculates the weight of the material 18 , in particular the fibrous material 18 , by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the motor 54 , the spindle 14 and, if appropriate, the sleeve 16 from the total mass moment of inertia.

[0034] In addition to method steps 26 and 30 of performing the braking, it is also conceivable that in a method step 34, the braking of the spindle 14 is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle 14 in order to determine disturbance variables, in particular system friction. To this end, the angular velocity of the spindle 14 is increased for the duration of the at least one acceleration cycle.

[0035] Figure 4A diagram is shown, which serves as an example for representing the data set of the calculation unit 58. In this diagram, the braking torque is plotted against the winding time. Here, the braking torque is plotted on the ordinate, while the winding time is plotted on the abscissa. The diagram shows that the braking torque increases as a function of the winding time. Thus, the diagram shows the increase in the effective weight of the mandrel 14 with the wound material 18 over time. The diagram shows the curve of the rated braking torque 38, which is theoretically required to fully brake the mandrel 14 depending on the bale size on the winding surface 15. Furthermore, the diagram shows the curve of the actually required braking torque 40. The absolute deviation 42 is plotted and shown on a smaller scale against the winding time.

Claims

1. A measuring method (20) for a winding machine (10) for winding material (18), in particular fibrous material (18), the winding machine (10) having at least one mandrel (14), at least one winding surface (15) and a measuring device (12), wherein: The mandrel (14) drives the at least one winding surface (15) in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the mandrel (14) in at least one operating state in order to wind the material (18) onto the winding surface (15) to form a bale, in particular a fiber bale, wherein in at least one method step (22), at least one parameter of the bale on the winding surface (15) is detected by means of the measuring device (12), wherein the at least one parameter of the bale on the winding surface (15) is calculated using the mass moment of inertia, in particular the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel (14), Characterized in that in the method step (22), the weight of the package on the winding surface (15) is calculated using the mass moment of inertia exerted on the mandrel (14) by means of the measuring device (12), wherein in a method step (32), intermediate braking is performed to detect an intermediate braking force, wherein the weight of the package is calculated using the intermediate braking force by means of the measuring device (12), wherein the mandrel (14), in particular the sleeve (16), is not at rest during the intermediate braking.

2. The measuring method according to claim 1, wherein In a method step (26), the mass moment of inertia exerted on the spindle (16) during acceleration, in particular braking, of the spindle (14) is detected by means of the measuring device (12).

3. The measuring method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In a method step (28), a braking force of the winding machine (10) is detected by means of the measuring device (12), said braking force being provided to brake the rotating spindle (14), in particular at the end of winding.

4. The measuring method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that In a method step (30), the weight of the bag is calculated using the braking force by means of the measuring device (12).

5. The measuring method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that In a method step (34), the braking of the spindle (14) is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle (14) in order to determine disturbance variables, in particular system friction.

6. The measuring method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that In a method step (36), at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle (14) is performed to calibrate the weight measurement.

7. A winding machine (10) for carrying out the measuring method (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a measuring device (12), at least one mandrel (14) and at least one winding surface (15).

8. The winding machine (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that The winding surface (15) is formed by the outer surface of the mandrel (14).

9. The winding machine (10) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that At least one sleeve (16), wherein the winding surface (15) is formed by an outer surface of the sleeve (16).

10. The winding machine (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that A drive unit (52) for driving the at least one spindle (14), wherein the measuring device (12) is arranged to detect a load of the drive unit (52).

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