Data analysis method and system based on environment monitoring

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data analysis, and particularly discloses a data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, dividing a test field into sampling areas with the same area, collecting a soil sample with a specified volume, and preparing a soil buffer solution; s2, measuring the pH value of a soil buffer solution, calculating the concentration of a hydrogen ion buffer solution, screening an acidification area, calculating an acidification ratio, and calculating the average hydrogen ion concentration; s3, preparing a substrate solution, calculating the light transmission ratio of the substrate solution, obtaining the mean value of the light transmission ratio, calculating the urease activity coefficient, calculating the comprehensive fertilization coefficient, and adjusting the fertilization amount of the nitrogen fertilizer according to the comprehensive fertilization coefficient. The invention provides a method for judging whether the nitrogen fertilizer is overused or not according to the enzyme activity in the soil, so that the dynamic adjustment of the fertilizing amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is realized, the waste of nitrogen fertilizer resources is reduced, the resource utilization rate is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data analysis, and in particular to a data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring. Background Art

[0002] The importance of fertilizer to agricultural production is self-evident. Fertilizer provides the various nutrients necessary for crop growth. Through fertilization, crops receive an adequate supply of nutrients, thereby increasing yield and improving quality. Furthermore, the proper application of fertilizer improves soil structure, increases soil fertility, and enhances soil water retention and aeration. Soil fertilizer can increase crop yields by 40%-60%, significantly boosting agricultural productivity.

[0003] Long-term over-fertilization can lead to salt accumulation in farmland soils, causing soil salinization and affecting crop growth. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer use can lower soil pH, acidify the soil, damage soil structure, and reduce soil fertility. Long-term overuse of nitrogen fertilizers not only wastes resources but also reduces farmland yields. Therefore, a soil environmental analysis method is needed to detect excessive nitrogen fertilizer use in the soil, thereby enabling adjustments to nitrogen fertilizer usage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring to solve the above technical problems: The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring, comprising the following steps: S1: Obtain the length L1 and width L2 of the experimental field, divide the experimental field into N*N sampling areas with a length of L1 / N and a width of L2 / N, where N represents the number of preset sampling areas, collect a soil sample of a preset volume V in the sampling area, and dissolve the soil sample in a glycerol buffer to obtain a soil buffer; S2: Measure the pH value X of the soil buffer and calculate the hydrogen ion concentration H in the soil buffer + =10 -X , the hydrogen ion concentration H + Greater than the preset hydrogen ion concentration threshold H + max The sampling area corresponding to the soil buffer is marked as the acidified area, and the acidification ratio SH=N is calculated. sh / N 2 , where N sh represents the number of acidified areas in the experimental field; Calculate the average hydrogen ion concentration , where H + i，jrepresents the hydrogen ion concentration in the soil buffer corresponding to the sampling area in row i and column j; S3: Dissolve m grams of urea in v liters of water to prepare a substrate solution, where m is the preset substrate mass and v is the preset volume. sta The soil buffer solution is added to the substrate solution and the timing is started. After the preset reaction time T, Nessler's reagent is added to the substrate solution, and the transmittance K of the substrate solution at this time is calculated, specifically including: Irradiate the substrate solution with light of intensity I0, where I0 represents the preset initial light intensity. Measure the light intensity I passing through the substrate solution and calculate the transmittance K=I / I0*100%. Calculate the average transmittance K. ave ; Calculation of urease activity coefficient Among them, λ represents the preset enzyme activity value, γ represents the preset hydrogen ion concentration adjustment value, H + sta Represents the preset hydrogen ion standard concentration; Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF and judge whether there is any abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field based on the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF.

[0005] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S1, the method for collecting soil samples specifically includes: Determine the center point O of the sampling area, divide the circular area with point O as the center and a preset length r as the radius, mark the intersection of the diagonal line of the sampling area and the boundary of the circular area as collection points D1, D2, D3 and D4, and obtain soil samples with a volume of V / 5 at each collection point and the center of the circle.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step S1, if there is no crop in the sampling area, it is marked as a blank area, and the blank area is removed and stops participating in subsequent steps.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step S2, if the acidification ratio SH is ≥80%, it is determined to be over-fertilization, and the staff is reminded to skip the next fertilization.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step S3, when preparing the substrate solution, ensure that the current temperature is at the optimum temperature of urease.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S2, the hydrogen ion concentration H + In the concentration range [H + max +A,H + max -A] are excluded and do not participate in subsequent steps, where A represents the preset maximum tolerance value of urease.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step S3, the process of judging whether the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the test field is abnormal according to the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF specifically includes: Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient , where δ represents the preset comprehensive fertilization coefficient adjustment value; Setting a first fertilization threshold SF1 and a second fertilization threshold SF2; When SF1≤SF≤SF2, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field; When SF<SF1, it is determined that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field is abnormal, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the next fertilization is set to , where μ1 represents the preset first adjustment coefficient, and W represents the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied during the most recent fertilization; When SF>SF2, it is determined that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field is abnormal, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the next fertilization is set to , where μ2 represents the preset second adjustment coefficient.

[0011] A data analysis system based on environmental monitoring, comprising: Soil collection module: Obtain the length L1 and width L2 of the experimental field, divide the experimental field into N*N sampling areas with a length of L1 / N and a width of L2 / N, where N represents the preset number of sampling areas, collect a preset volume V of soil sample in the sampling area, and dissolve the soil sample in glycerol buffer to obtain soil buffer; Hydrogen ion concentration calculation module: measures the pH value X of the soil buffer and calculates the hydrogen ion concentration H in the soil buffer + =10 -X , the hydrogen ion concentration H + Greater than the preset hydrogen ion concentration threshold H + max The sampling area corresponding to the soil buffer is marked as the acidified area, and the acidification ratio SH=N is calculated. sh / N 2 , where N sh represents the number of acidified areas in the experimental field; Calculate the average hydrogen ion concentration , where H + i，j represents the hydrogen ion concentration in the soil buffer corresponding to the sampling area in row i and column j; Comprehensive judgment module: dissolve m grams of urea in v liters of water to prepare a substrate solution, where m is the preset substrate mass and v is the preset volume. staThe soil buffer solution is added to the substrate solution and the timing is started. After the preset reaction time T, Nessler's reagent is added to the substrate solution, and the transmittance K of the substrate solution at this time is calculated, specifically including: Irradiate the substrate solution with light of intensity I0, where I0 represents the preset initial light intensity. Measure the light intensity I passing through the substrate solution and calculate the transmittance K=I / I0*100%. Calculate the average transmittance K. ave ; Calculation of urease activity coefficient Among them, λ represents the preset enzyme activity value, γ represents the preset hydrogen ion concentration adjustment value, H + sta Represents the preset hydrogen ion standard concentration; Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF and judge whether there is any abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field based on the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention: In the present invention, the experimental field is first divided equally to obtain sampling areas of equal size, soil samples are collected from each sampling area, and then a glycerol buffer is used to dissolve the soil sample to obtain a soil buffer. This method can obtain more data and prevent the occurrence of abnormal pH values ​​of local soil samples caused by uneven fertilization, thereby reducing errors and improving fault tolerance.

[0013] The purpose of using glycerol buffer is to reduce the impact of the buffer on the pH value of the soil. Since glycerol is neutral, it will not change the pH value of the solution. Therefore, using glycerol buffer can reduce the impact of irrelevant factors on the present invention.

[0014] When nitrogen fertilizers are applied to the soil, they are broken down into nitrates by soil microorganisms. This process produces hydrogen ions, which leads to soil acidification. Urea produces carbon dioxide and ammonia during hydrolysis. When ammonia is further converted to nitrates, it releases hydrogen ions, increasing the acidity of the soil. Therefore, excessive fertilization can cause the pH value of the soil to drop, leading to soil acidification. The purpose of calculating the acidification ratio is to detect the degree of soil acidification. The larger the acidification ratio, the more severe the soil acidification. The average hydrogen ion concentration can reflect the acidification status of the entire experimental field and avoid errors caused by extreme conditions.

[0015] Urea is dissolved in a buffer solution to prepare a substrate solution. After a reaction time T, Nessler's reagent is added to the substrate solution to interrupt the reaction and generate a brown-red complex. The higher the urease activity in the soil, the faster the reaction, and the more brown-red complexes are generated in the same amount of time. The greater the number of brown-red complexes, the lower the transmittance of the substrate solution. Therefore, this method can indirectly measure urease activity, which is inversely proportional to transmittance. Furthermore, urease activity is affected by pH. Acidic or alkaline environments can lead to decreased urease activity and a slower reaction rate, resulting in a decrease in the number of brown-red complexes generated within a specified time and an increase in the transmittance of the substrate solution. Therefore, the transmittance of the substrate solution can be used to determine whether overfertilization has occurred.

[0016] Taking the initial pH value of the soil as the value with the highest urease activity, the use of nitrogen fertilizer will cause the pH value to change, thereby reducing the activity of urease. The situation where the use of nitrogen fertilizer to adjust the soil pH value leads to an increase in urease activity is not within the scope of consideration of the present invention.

[0017] Then calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF. When the comprehensive fertilization coefficient is in a specific range, it means that the amount of fertilizer is reasonable and there is no need to adjust the amount of fertilizer. If SF is too small, it means that the amount of fertilizer is insufficient and the amount of fertilizer needs to be increased. If SF is too large, it means that the amount of fertilizer is too much and the amount of fertilizer needs to be reduced. The amount of fertilizer applied next time can be adjusted according to the current calculation results, so as to achieve the purpose of saving resources and improving resource utilization.

[0018] In summary, the present invention provides a method for determining whether excessive nitrogen fertilizer use exists based on enzyme activity in the soil, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the nitrogen fertilizer application rate, reducing the waste of nitrogen fertilizer resources, improving resource utilization, and reducing environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring, comprising the following steps: S1: Obtain the length L1 and width L2 of the experimental field, divide the experimental field into N*N sampling areas with a length of L1 / N and a width of L2 / N, where N represents the number of preset sampling areas, collect a soil sample of a preset volume V in the sampling area, and dissolve the soil sample in a glycerol buffer to obtain a soil buffer; S2: Measure the pH value X of the soil buffer and calculate the hydrogen ion concentration H in the soil buffer + =10 -X , the hydrogen ion concentration H + Greater than the preset hydrogen ion concentration threshold H + max The sampling area corresponding to the soil buffer is marked as the acidified area, and the acidification ratio SH=N is calculated. sh / N 2 , where N sh represents the number of acidified areas in the experimental field; Calculate the average hydrogen ion concentration , where H + i，j represents the hydrogen ion concentration in the soil buffer corresponding to the sampling area in row i and column j; S3: Dissolve m grams of urea in v liters of water to prepare a substrate solution, where m is the preset substrate mass and v is the preset volume. sta The soil buffer solution is added to the substrate solution and the timing is started. After the preset reaction time T, Nessler's reagent is added to the substrate solution, and the transmittance K of the substrate solution at this time is calculated, specifically including: Irradiate the substrate solution with light of intensity I0, where I0 represents the preset initial light intensity. Measure the light intensity I passing through the substrate solution and calculate the transmittance K=I / I0*100%. Calculate the average transmittance K. ave ; Calculation of urease activity coefficient Among them, λ represents the preset enzyme activity value, γ represents the preset hydrogen ion concentration adjustment value, H + sta Represents the preset hydrogen ion standard concentration; Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF and judge whether there is any abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field based on the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF.

[0023] It should be noted that the experimental field is first divided equally to obtain sampling areas of equal size, soil samples are collected from each sampling area, and then the soil samples are dissolved using glycerol buffer to obtain soil buffer. This method can obtain more data and prevent the occurrence of abnormal pH values ​​of local soil samples caused by uneven fertilization, thereby reducing errors and improving fault tolerance.

[0024] The purpose of using glycerol buffer is to reduce the impact of the buffer on the pH value of the soil. Since glycerol is neutral, it will not change the pH value of the solution. Therefore, using glycerol buffer can reduce the impact of irrelevant factors on the present invention.

[0025] When nitrogen fertilizers are applied to the soil, they are broken down into nitrates by soil microorganisms. This process produces hydrogen ions, which leads to soil acidification. Urea produces carbon dioxide and ammonia during hydrolysis. When ammonia is further converted to nitrates, it releases hydrogen ions, increasing the acidity of the soil. Therefore, excessive fertilization can cause the pH value of the soil to drop, leading to soil acidification. The purpose of calculating the acidification ratio is to detect the degree of soil acidification. The larger the acidification ratio, the more severe the soil acidification. The average hydrogen ion concentration can reflect the acidification status of the entire experimental field and avoid errors caused by extreme conditions.

[0026] Urea is dissolved in a buffer solution to prepare a substrate solution. After a reaction time T, Nessler's reagent is added to the substrate solution to interrupt the reaction and generate a brown-red complex. The higher the urease activity in the soil, the faster the reaction, and the more brown-red complexes are generated in the same amount of time. The greater the number of brown-red complexes, the lower the transmittance of the substrate solution. Therefore, this method can indirectly measure urease activity, which is inversely proportional to transmittance. Furthermore, urease activity is affected by pH. Acidic or alkaline environments can lead to decreased urease activity and a slower reaction rate, resulting in a decrease in the number of brown-red complexes generated within a specified time and an increase in the transmittance of the substrate solution. Therefore, the transmittance of the substrate solution can be used to determine whether overfertilization has occurred.

[0027] Taking the initial pH value of the soil as the value with the highest urease activity, the use of nitrogen fertilizer will cause the pH value to change, thereby reducing the activity of urease. The situation where the use of nitrogen fertilizer to adjust the soil pH value leads to an increase in urease activity is not within the scope of consideration of the present invention.

[0028] Then calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF. When the comprehensive fertilization coefficient is in a specific range, it means that the amount of fertilizer is reasonable and there is no need to adjust the amount of fertilizer. If SF is too small, it means that the amount of fertilizer is insufficient and the amount of fertilizer needs to be increased. If SF is too large, it means that the amount of fertilizer is too much and the amount of fertilizer needs to be reduced. The amount of fertilizer applied next time can be adjusted according to the current calculation results, so as to achieve the purpose of saving resources and improving resource utilization.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for collecting soil samples specifically includes: Determine the center point O of the sampling area, divide the circular area with point O as the center and a preset length r as the radius, mark the intersection of the diagonal line of the sampling area and the boundary of the circular area as collection points D1, D2, D3 and D4, and obtain soil samples with a volume of V / 5 at each collection point and the center of the circle.

[0030] It is worth noting that since it is difficult to achieve uniform fertilization during the fertilization process, if too few soil samples are selected, it will lead to large errors. Therefore, the experimental field is divided into sampling areas of equal area, sampling points are set, and soil samples are obtained at the sampling points and the center of the circle. The purpose of setting sampling points is to prevent nitrogen fertilizer from being enriched at the root system of crops, which will lead to larger values.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, if there are no crops in the sampling area, it is marked as a blank area, and the blank area is removed and stops participating in subsequent steps.

[0032] It is understandable that if there are no crops in the sampling area, it will be marked as a blank area and the blank area will be eliminated. This is because crops absorb nutrients from the soil during their growth. If there is a lack of crops to absorb nutrients, the remaining nitrogen fertilizer in this area will be more than that in the sampling area. Since the plant roots have distance limitations in absorbing nutrients from the soil, the nitrogen fertilizer in the blank area cannot be effectively absorbed, resulting in a larger final calculation result, so the blank area needs to be eliminated.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the acidification ratio SH is ≥80%, it is determined to be over-fertilization, and the staff is reminded to skip the next fertilization.

[0034] It should be noted that if the acidification ratio SH ≥ 80%, it means that more than 80% of the soil area in the experimental field has become acidic due to excessive fertilization. If fertilization continues, the soil acidification will worsen, which will not only cause a waste of fertilizer resources, but also excessive fertilization will cause soil pollution and damage the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to skip the next fertilization and fertilize again when the soil fertility drops to a certain level.

[0035] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when preparing the substrate solution, it is ensured that the current temperature is at the optimum temperature of urease.

[0036] It should be noted that most enzymes are composed of proteins. The activity of enzymes is affected by temperature and acidity. High temperature will destroy the structure of protein, causing the enzyme to permanently lose its activity. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the temperature to avoid the influence of irrelevant temperature factors on this experiment.

[0037] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen ion concentration H + In the concentration range [H + max +A,H + max -A] are excluded and do not participate in subsequent steps, where A represents the preset maximum tolerance value of urease.

[0038] It is understandable that nitrogen fertilizer has a limited effect on soil pH. If calculations show that the hydrogen ion concentration in the soil exceeds a certain range, the abnormal soil pH may be caused by other reasons. Therefore, the abnormal hydrogen ion data needs to be excluded to avoid interference with the experiment.

[0039] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of judging whether the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to the test field is abnormal according to the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF specifically includes: Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient , where δ represents the preset comprehensive fertilization coefficient adjustment value; Setting a first fertilization threshold SF1 and a second fertilization threshold SF2; When SF1≤SF≤SF2, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field; When SF<SF1, it is determined that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field is abnormal, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the next fertilization is set to , where μ1 represents the preset first adjustment coefficient, and W represents the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied during the most recent fertilization; When SF>SF2, it is determined that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field is abnormal, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the next fertilization is set to , where μ2 represents the preset second adjustment coefficient.

[0040] It is worth noting that when calculating the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF, if SF<SF1, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used needs to be increased; if SF>SF2, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used needs to be reduced; if SF1≤SF≤SF2, it means that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used at this time is roughly equal to the amount absorbed by crops in the experimental field, and will not cause soil acidification, so there is no need to adjust the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used.

[0041] The adjustment of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied according to the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF follows the principle of negative feedback. When SF is less than SF1, the smaller SF is, the larger SF1-SF is, and the larger the amount of fertilizer W for the next fertilization is; when SF is greater than SF2, the larger SF is, the larger SF-SF2 is, and the smaller the amount of fertilizer W for the next fertilization is, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the amount of fertilizer.

[0042] A data analysis system based on environmental monitoring, comprising: Soil collection module: Obtain the length L1 and width L2 of the experimental field, divide the experimental field into N*N sampling areas with a length of L1 / N and a width of L2 / N, where N represents the preset number of sampling areas, collect a preset volume V of soil sample in the sampling area, and dissolve the soil sample in glycerol buffer to obtain soil buffer; Hydrogen ion concentration calculation module: measures the pH value X of the soil buffer and calculates the hydrogen ion concentration H in the soil buffer +=10 -X , the hydrogen ion concentration H + Greater than the preset hydrogen ion concentration threshold H + max The sampling area corresponding to the soil buffer is marked as the acidified area, and the acidification ratio SH=N is calculated. sh / N 2 , where N sh represents the number of acidified areas in the experimental field; Calculate the average hydrogen ion concentration , where H + i，j represents the hydrogen ion concentration in the soil buffer corresponding to the sampling area in row i and column j; Comprehensive judgment module: dissolve m grams of urea in v liters of water to prepare a substrate solution, where m is the preset substrate mass and v is the preset volume. sta The soil buffer solution is added to the substrate solution and the timing is started. After the preset reaction time T, Nessler's reagent is added to the substrate solution, and the transmittance K of the substrate solution at this time is calculated, specifically including: Irradiate the substrate solution with light of intensity I0, where I0 represents the preset initial light intensity. Measure the light intensity I passing through the substrate solution and calculate the transmittance K=I / I0*100%. Calculate the average transmittance K. ave ; Calculation of urease activity coefficient Among them, λ represents the preset enzyme activity value, γ represents the preset hydrogen ion concentration adjustment value, H + sta Represents the preset hydrogen ion standard concentration; Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF and judge whether there is any abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field based on the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF.

[0043] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. However, the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain the length L1 and width L2 of the experimental field, divide the experimental field into N*N sampling areas with a length of L1 / N and a width of L2 / N, where N represents the number of preset sampling areas, collect a soil sample of a preset volume V in the sampling area, and dissolve the soil sample in a glycerol buffer to obtain a soil buffer; S2: Measure the pH value X of the soil buffer and calculate the hydrogen ion concentration H in the soil buffer + =10 -X , the hydrogen ion concentration H + Greater than the preset hydrogen ion concentration threshold H + max The sampling area corresponding to the soil buffer is marked as the acidified area, and the acidification ratio SH=N is calculated. sh / N 2 , where N sh represents the number of acidified areas in the experimental field; Calculate the average hydrogen ion concentration , where H + i，j represents the hydrogen ion concentration in the soil buffer corresponding to the sampling area in row i and column j; S3: Dissolve m grams of urea in v liters of water to prepare a substrate solution, where m is the preset substrate mass and v is the preset volume. sta The soil buffer solution is added to the substrate solution and the timing is started. After the preset reaction time T, Nessler's reagent is added to the substrate solution, and the transmittance K of the substrate solution at this time is calculated, specifically including: Irradiate the substrate solution with light of intensity I0, where I0 represents the preset initial light intensity. Measure the light intensity I passing through the substrate solution and calculate the transmittance K=I / I0*100%. Calculate the average transmittance K. ave ; Calculation of urease activity coefficient Among them, λ represents the preset enzyme activity value, γ represents the preset hydrogen ion concentration adjustment value, H + sta Represents the preset hydrogen ion standard concentration; Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF and judge whether there is any abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field based on the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF.

2. A data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the method for collecting soil samples specifically includes: Determine the center point O of the sampling area, divide the circular area with point O as the center and a preset length r as the radius, mark the intersection of the diagonal line of the sampling area and the boundary of the circular area as collection points D1, D2, D3 and D4, and obtain soil samples with a volume of V / 5 at each collection point and the center of the circle.

3. A data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, if there is no crop in the sampling area, it is marked as a blank area, and the blank area is removed and stops participating in subsequent steps.

4. A data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, if the acidification ratio SH is greater than or equal to 80%, it is determined to be over-fertilization, and the staff is reminded to skip the next fertilization.

5. The data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when preparing the substrate solution, ensure that the current temperature is at the optimum temperature of urease.

6. A data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the hydrogen ion concentration H + In the concentration range [H + max +A,H + max -A] are excluded and do not participate in subsequent steps, where A represents the preset maximum tolerance value of urease.

7. The data analysis method and system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the process of judging whether the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to the test field is abnormal based on the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF specifically includes: Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient , where δ represents the preset comprehensive fertilization coefficient adjustment value; Setting a first fertilization threshold SF1 and a second fertilization threshold SF2; When SF1≤SF≤SF2, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field; When SF<SF1, it is determined that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field is abnormal, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the next fertilization is set to , where μ1 represents the preset first adjustment coefficient, and W represents the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied during the most recent fertilization; When SF>SF2, it is determined that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field is abnormal, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the next fertilization is set to , where μ2 represents the preset second adjustment coefficient.

8. A data analysis system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that: include: Soil collection module: Obtain the length L1 and width L2 of the experimental field, divide the experimental field into N*N sampling areas with a length of L1 / N and a width of L2 / N, where N represents the preset number of sampling areas, collect a preset volume V of soil sample in the sampling area, and dissolve the soil sample in glycerol buffer to obtain soil buffer; Hydrogen ion concentration calculation module: measures the pH value X of the soil buffer and calculates the hydrogen ion concentration H in the soil buffer + =10 -X , the hydrogen ion concentration H + Greater than the preset hydrogen ion concentration threshold H + max The sampling area corresponding to the soil buffer is marked as the acidified area, and the acidification ratio SH=N is calculated. sh / N 2 , where N sh represents the number of acidified areas in the experimental field; Calculate the average hydrogen ion concentration , where H + i，j represents the hydrogen ion concentration in the soil buffer corresponding to the sampling area in row i and column j; Comprehensive judgment module: dissolve m grams of urea in v liters of water to prepare a substrate solution, where m is the preset substrate mass and v is the preset volume. sta The soil buffer solution is added to the substrate solution and the timing is started. After the preset reaction time T, Nessler's reagent is added to the substrate solution, and the transmittance K of the substrate solution at this time is calculated, specifically including: Irradiate the substrate solution with light of intensity I0, where I0 represents the preset initial light intensity. Measure the light intensity I passing through the substrate solution and calculate the transmittance K=I / I0*100%. Calculate the average transmittance K. ave ; Calculation of urease activity coefficient Among them, λ represents the preset enzyme activity value, γ represents the preset hydrogen ion concentration adjustment value, H + sta Represents the preset hydrogen ion standard concentration; Calculate the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF and judge whether there is any abnormality in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the experimental field based on the comprehensive fertilization coefficient SF.

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