Rice soilless culture device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice soilless culture device in the field of rice culture. The rice soilless culture device comprises a water tank; the rice cultivation module comprises a plurality of rice cultivation units which are sequentially communicated end to end, each rice cultivation unit comprises a cultivation box and a root system channel, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the outer side of each cultivation box, each root system channel is arranged in the corresponding cultivation box and comprises a main channel, the upper end of each main channel is communicated with the corresponding cultivation box, and the lower end of each main channel is communicated with the corresponding cultivation box. The lower end of the main channel is connected with a plurality of first-stage channels, the side of the main channel is communicated with a water inlet, the lower end of each first-stage channel is connected with a plurality of second-stage channels, the lower end of each second-stage channel is connected with a plurality of third-stage channels, and the tail ends of the main channel, the second-stage channels and the third-stage channels are all communicated with a water outlet through a public channel; the water pump is used for pumping water in the water tank into the rice cultivation module; the water supply pipeline is used for communicating the rice cultivation module, the water pump and the water tank to form a circulating waterway. According to the method, the refined and factory-like cultivation requirements of rice can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rice cultivation, and in particular relates to a rice soilless cultivation device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional rice cultivation has long relied on the soil environment, resulting in limited arable land resources and water waste. Therefore, soilless cultivation technology has been introduced to alleviate land pressure and reduce water waste. Existing soilless rice cultivation devices completely immerse the roots of rice seedlings in water, allowing the roots to directly absorb nutrients from the water to meet their nutritional needs during the growth phase.

[0003] For example, the patent application number is CN201920685804.8, and the patent name is "A device suitable for factory-based soilless cultivation of organic rice", which includes at least one cultivation pipe and at least one cultivation cup. At least one cultivation hole is spaced apart on the cultivation pipe, and a cultivation cup is placed in each cultivation hole. The outer circumference of each cultivation cup is conical and consists of two half cups that are mirror images of each other. There are undulating serrations on the opposite surfaces of the two half cups. By connecting several cultivation pipes in series and then connecting them to a water treatment device and a rice cultivation element addition device, the cultivation water is treated and the nutrients required for rice cultivation are added through the rice cultivation element addition device. Its shortcomings are: (1) Although the device and cultivation method can save land, since the entire root system of rice must be completely immersed in water, the device required is large in size and the demand for water and nutrients is also large, resulting in low overall efficiency; (2) The roots of rice are completely immersed in water and are greatly affected by the buoyancy of water. The stress state of the roots is very different from that of the roots rooted in the soil, which also seriously affects the roots' absorption of nutrients in the water. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soilless rice cultivation device that can provide the moisture required for rice growth while saving water, thereby meeting the needs of refined and factory-based rice cultivation.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a rice soilless cultivation device, comprising: a water tank; a rice cultivation module, comprising a plurality of rice cultivation units connected in sequence, the rice cultivation units comprising a cultivation box and a root channel, the outer sides of the cultivation box are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the root channel is arranged inside the cultivation box, comprising a main channel, the upper end of the main channel is connected to the cultivation box, the lower end is connected to a plurality of primary channels, and the sides are connected to the water inlet, the lower end of each of the primary channels is connected to a plurality of secondary channels, and the lower end of each of the secondary channels is connected to a plurality of tertiary channels, and the ends of the main channel, the secondary channels and the tertiary channels are all connected to the water outlet through a common channel; a water pump, used to pump water in the water tank into the rice cultivation module; a water supply pipe, used to connect the rice cultivation module, the water pump and the water tank to form a circulating water circuit.

[0006] When the present invention is used, one or more rice plants are planted in each rice cultivation unit, and the rice seedlings extend from the main channel of the water rice cultivation unit into the air, and the rice roots extend downward through the main channel to the primary channel, the secondary channel, and the tertiary channel. The water and nutrient solution in the water tank are input into the rice cultivation module through the pipeline, that is, they are sequentially input into the water inlets of multiple cultivation boxes, then flow through all the channels of each rice cultivation unit in turn, and finally flow back to the water tank through the water pump. The entire water channel is powered by the water pump to form a circulating water channel; in each rice cultivation unit, water enters the main channel from the water inlet, and then enters the primary channel, the secondary channel, and the tertiary channel, and finally, it is collected in the public channel, passes through the water outlet, and enters the adjacent rice cultivation module. In this process, the water flow transports nutrients in the water to each channel of each rice cultivation module for absorption by the rice roots.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) through the hierarchical system design of the main channel and the tertiary channel, the water flow only needs to fill the limited space of the channels at each level to cover the entire root surface. The water flow penetrates step by step in the channel through capillary action and gravity, avoiding the water redundancy of the traditional immersion type, significantly saving water, and simultaneously reducing the amount of nutrient solution added, thereby reducing production costs; (2) the roots of rice seedlings are confined to the hierarchical physical channel, and the channel walls of the main channel, the primary channel, the secondary channel and the tertiary channel form a mechanical anchor for the roots, simulating the physical support of the soil on the roots, restoring their natural extension shape, and more in line with the original stress state of the rice roots. The roots are fixed in the channel. (3) The rice cultivation unit is connected end to end. In actual application, multiple rice cultivation units can be connected in series or in parallel to flexibly adapt to different scale requirements. (4) The circulating water channel recycles unabsorbed water and residual nutrients through the outlet to achieve closed-loop recycling. Compared with the open soilless cultivation device, this device reduces evaporation and leakage losses, improves water resource utilization, and the closed water channel can isolate external pollutants to meet the core requirements of organic certification. In addition, the water pump can be combined with timing control to supply water on demand, further reducing energy consumption.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the apertures of the main channel, primary channel, secondary channel, and tertiary channel decrease in order from top to bottom. When water flows through the gradually narrowing tertiary channel, the flow velocity increases, forming slight turbulence, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen level in the water.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the water inlet is in the shape of a countersunk hole, and the water outlet is in the shape of a boss, and the water outlet is plugged into the adjacent water inlet. The standardized design of the water inlet and outlet simplifies pipe connection and cleaning.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the water supply pipeline includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, an inlet flange, and a water outlet flange. The first pipeline has one end connected to the water outlet hole in the water tank and the other end connected to the water inlet of the first rice cultivation unit via the inlet flange. The second pipeline has one end connected to the water inlet of the last rice cultivation unit via the outlet flange and the other end connected to the water inlet of the water pump. The third pipeline has one end connected to the water outlet of the water pump and the other end connected to the return hole in the water tank. This closed-loop water circuit isolates the external environment and, combined with the flange seal, meets the cleanliness requirements of organic rice cultivation.

[0011] As a further improvement to the present invention, the return hole is located above the outlet hole. When air bubbles carried by the water flow return to the water tank, they are more easily released near the top of the tank, rather than being carried back into the system by the water flow. This helps reduce gas accumulation within the system, improves pump efficiency, avoids cavitation, and ensures stable water delivery to each cultivation unit.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the water inlet flange includes a connecting portion and a plug-in portion in the same axial direction, and a water inlet pipe is opened in the connecting portion and the plug-in portion. The outer diameter of the plug-in portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting portion and is adapted to the inner diameter of the water inlet.

[0013] As a further improvement to the present invention, the outlet flange includes coaxially defined outlet channels 1 and 2. The inner diameter of outlet channel 1 matches the outer diameter of the outlet. This provides a natural "guide cone," allowing initial concentric positioning during installation by simply inserting the connector into the corresponding water inlet of the rice cultivation unit.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the root channel also includes a horizontal channel, through which the main channel is connected to the water inlet. Water flows horizontally from the water inlet into the horizontal channel, then gently turns to enter the vertical main channel. This significantly reduces the direct impact of water on the main channel entrance, effectively balances water pressure fluctuations between multiple water inlets, ensures more uniform and stable water pressure at the main channel entrance, and lays the foundation for subsequent diversion to multiple channels.

[0015] As a further improvement to the present invention, the common channel is sealed at one end and connected to the water outlet at the other. This provides a nearly equal backpressure environment for all three-level channel outlets, which in turn promotes more uniform flow distribution in the upstream branch channels, ultimately ensuring that all levels of roots are exposed to more consistent water flow.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the rice cultivation unit is made of clay, plastic, resin or composite material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rice cultivation unit of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water inlet flange of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water outlet flange of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 1 cultivation box, 101 water inlet, 102 water outlet, 2 root channel, 201 main channel, 202 primary channel, 203 horizontal channel, 204 secondary channel, 205 tertiary channel, 206 common channel, 3 water tank, 301 water outlet, 302 return hole, 4 water supply pipe, 401 first pipe, 402 second pipe, 403 third pipe, 404 water inlet flange, 404a connecting part, 404b plug-in part, 404c water inlet pipe, 404d O-ring, 404e flat sealing gasket, 405 water outlet flange, 405a water outlet channel one, 405b water outlet channel two, 405c lip sealing ring, 5 water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a rice soilless cultivation device includes a water tank 3, a rice cultivation module, a water pump 5 and a water supply pipe 4; the water pump 5 is used to pump water in the water tank 3 into the rice cultivation module; the rice cultivation module includes two rice cultivation units connected in sequence, the rice cultivation unit includes a cultivation box 1 and a root channel 2, the cultivation box 1 is provided with a water inlet 101 and a water outlet 102 on both sides, the root channel 2 is located inside the cultivation box 1, and includes a main channel 201, the main channel The upper end of 201 is connected to the top surface of the cultivation box 1, and the lower end is connected to two primary channels 202. The side is connected to the water inlet 101 through a horizontal channel 203. The lower end of each primary channel 202 is connected to two secondary channels 204, and the lower end of each secondary channel 204 is connected to two tertiary channels 205. The ends of the main channel 201, the secondary channel 204 and the tertiary channel 205 are all connected to the water outlet 102 through a common channel 206; one end of the common channel 206 is closed, and the other end is connected to the water outlet 102. The closed cavity structure of the common channel 206 is like a pressure regulating tank. The closed end forces the water flow of all confluence points to mix and smooth in the common channel 206, and its internal pressure is automatically adjusted to be basically equal to ensure that the overall flow of the water outlet 102 is stable; the water supply pipe 4 is used to connect the rice cultivation module, the water pump 5 and the water tank 3 to form a circulating water circuit. Specifically, the water supply pipe 4 includes a first pipe 401, a second pipe 402, a third pipe 403, and a water inlet Flange 404 and water outlet flange 405, one end of the first pipe 401 is connected to the water outlet hole 301 on the water tank 3, and the other end is connected to the water inlet 101 of the first rice cultivation unit through the water inlet flange 404, one end of the second pipe 402 is connected to the water inlet 101 of the last rice cultivation unit through the water outlet flange 405, and the other end is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump 5, one end of the third pipe 403 is connected to the water outlet end of the water pump 5, and the other end is connected to the return water hole 302 on the water tank 3.

[0023] The apertures of the main channel 201, the primary channel 202, the secondary channel 204 and the tertiary channel 205 decrease from top to bottom. Preferably, the aperture of the main channel 201 is 3-5 cm, which can accommodate the base stem and primary root system, the aperture of the primary channel 202 is 1-2 cm, which guides the lateral expansion of the tiller root, the aperture of the secondary channel 204 is 0.8-1 cm, which can promote the differentiation of capillary roots, and the aperture of the tertiary channel 205 is 0.5 cm, which can induce the formation of a dense root hair area; each channel The channel wall forms a gap fit with the roots of corresponding diameters, which can not only avoid squeezing and damaging the roots, but also provide lateral support, simulate the anchoring effect of soil particles, and restore the natural geotropism of the roots; after the main channel 201 receives water from the water inlet 101, it is distributed step by step through the first, second, and third channels 205 to cover the entire cultivation box 1 area, avoiding the "water flow dead corner" problem commonly seen in traditional soilless cultivation, ensuring that the rice roots are evenly exposed to water and dissolved nutrients, thereby improving growth consistency and yield.

[0024] In this embodiment, the water inlet 101 is in the shape of a countersunk hole, and the water outlet 102 is in the shape of a boss. The water outlet 102 is plugged into the adjacent water inlet 101 to form an interlocking plug-in structure. The contact surface between the inner wall of the countersunk hole and the outer wall of the boss generates radial pressure, thereby realizing continuous sealed transmission of water flow.

[0025] The return water hole 302 is designed above the water outlet hole 301. When the water pump 5 stops working, the high position of the return water hole 302 makes the third pipe 403 connecting the water outlet end of the water pump 5 and the water tank 3 have a natural downward slope. Under the action of gravity, the water in the pipe will naturally flow to the return water hole 302 and flow back to the water tank 3. This ensures that the outlet section of the water pump 5 and the third pipe 403 can be emptied as much as possible when the water pump 5 is shut down, avoiding long-term water accumulation in the pipe from the outlet of the water pump 5 to the water tank 3, thereby preventing the breeding of bacteria, algae or sediments in the dead water area and reducing the risk of blockage and pollution of the circulating water circuit.

[0026] like Figure 3-4As shown, the water inlet flange 404 includes a connecting portion 404a and a plug-in portion 404b in the same axial direction, and a water inlet pipe 404c is opened in the connecting portion 404a and the plug-in portion 404b. The outer diameter of the plug-in portion 404b is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting portion 404a and is adapted to the inner diameter of the water inlet 101; in order to further improve the sealing reliability, an O-ring 404d is sleeved on the outer periphery of the plug-in portion 404b, and a flat sealing gasket 404e is added between the plug-in portion 404b and the end face of the water inlet 101 as a second seal. The water outlet flange 405 is provided with a water outlet channel 1 405a and a water outlet channel 2 405b located on the same axis. The inner diameter of the water outlet channel 1 405a is adapted to the outer diameter of the water outlet 102. A lip sealing ring 405c is directly added to the end face of the water outlet channel 1 405a and the water outlet 102. When the water outlet flange 405 is connected and tightened, the channel 1 completes the limiting guide, and the lip sealing ring 405c is evenly compressed axially to form a strong radial elastic seal, which greatly improves the overall sealing reliability.

[0027] The rice cultivation unit adopts plastic through injection molding process to realize the integrated molding of root channel 2 and seamless connection to avoid leakage, greatly reduce the unit weight, and facilitate the deployment of three-dimensional cultivation racks.

[0028] The advantages of the present invention are that: by simulating the structure of rice roots in paddy fields, a bionic microenvironment is provided, so that rice can reach a normal growth state in a soilless environment, thereby improving the efficiency and yield of rice soilless cultivation, saving water and nutrients, improving the efficiency of rice soilless cultivation, and effectively saving costs.

[0029] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features therein according to the disclosed technical content without creative labor, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rice soilless cultivation device, characterized in that: include: water tank; A rice cultivation module includes several rice cultivation units connected in sequence. The rice cultivation units include a cultivation box and a root channel. A water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided on the outside of the cultivation box. The root channel is provided inside the cultivation box and includes a main channel. The upper end of the main channel is connected to the cultivation box, the lower end is connected to multiple primary channels, and the sides are connected to the water inlet. The lower end of each primary channel is connected to multiple secondary channels, and the lower end of each secondary channel is connected to multiple tertiary channels. The ends of the main channel, secondary channels, and tertiary channels are all connected to the water outlet through a common channel. A water pump, used to pump water from the water tank into the rice cultivation module; The water supply pipeline is used to connect the rice cultivation module, water pump and water tank to form a circulating water circuit.

2. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apertures of the main channel, the primary channel, the secondary channel and the tertiary channel decrease in sequence from top to bottom.

3. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet is in a countersunk shape, the water outlet is in a boss shape, and the water outlet is plugged into an adjacent water inlet.

4. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply pipeline includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, an inlet flange and an outlet flange. One end of the first pipeline is connected to the water outlet hole on the water tank, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the first rice cultivation unit through the water inlet flange. One end of the second pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the last rice cultivation unit through the water outlet flange, and the other end is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump. One end of the third pipeline is connected to the water outlet end of the water pump, and the other end is connected to the return water hole on the water tank.

5. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water return hole is located above the water outlet hole.

6. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water inlet flange includes a connecting portion and a plug-in portion in the same axial direction. A water inlet pipe is provided in the connecting portion and the plug-in portion. The outer diameter of the plug-in portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting portion and is adapted to the inner diameter of the water inlet.

7. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water outlet channel 1 and a water outlet channel 2 located on the same axis are provided inside the water outlet flange, and the inner diameter of the water outlet channel 1 is adapted to the outer diameter of the water outlet.

8. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root channel also includes a horizontal channel, and the main channel is connected to the water inlet through the horizontal channel.

9. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the common channel is closed, and the other end is connected to the water outlet.

10. The rice soilless cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice cultivation unit is made of clay, plastic, resin or composite material.

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