Moving-coil unmanned aerial vehicle recovery short-circuit braking system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic braking, in particular to a moving-coil unmanned aerial vehicle recycling short-circuit braking system which comprises a permanent magnet track, a linear motor rotor, a recycling device, a power supply unit and a control unit. The linear motor rotor is slidably mounted at the bottom of the permanent magnet track, the control unit is used for controlling short circuit of a three-phase winding of the linear motor rotor, and the power supply unit is connected to the permanent magnet track; the recovery device comprises a recovery support, a blocking net, a blocking rope and an electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device. According to the moving coil type unmanned aerial vehicle recycling short-circuit braking system, through the linear motor three-phase short-circuit braking principle, when the electromagnetic auxiliary hook device is attracted to an unmanned aerial vehicle, an airborne rotor three-phase winding of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be instantly short-circuited, reverse Lorentz force is generated in a high-intensity magnetic field, and non-contact millisecond-level braking is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic braking, and in particular to a dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system. Background Art

[0002] Drones are commonly used in military reconnaissance, logistics and transportation, disaster relief, and industrial inspections. However, existing drone recovery technologies have several issues that shorten their service life. Traditional recovery methods include friction braking, parachute recovery, or net capture. However, in high-speed, high-frequency, and high-precision recovery scenarios, these methods have gradually exposed problems such as slow response speed, severe mechanical wear of the drone, and poor environmental adaptability. This increases the frequency of drone repairs and replacements, and in turn increases the cost of drone use. Traditional recovery methods can use inertial measurement combined with visual sensors and radar to predict the drone's motion state in advance and pre-trigger braking, or use pulse braking or intermittent braking to prevent excessive heat generation from continuous friction. However, these improvements increase the complexity of the structure and require frequent maintenance to ensure normal production results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system to solve the technical problems in the prior art of complex UAV recovery structures and the need for frequent maintenance. The specific technical solutions are as follows: The present invention provides a dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system, comprising a permanent magnet track, a linear motor mover, a recovery device, a power supply unit and a control unit; the linear motor mover is slidably installed at the bottom of the permanent magnet track, the control unit is used to control the short circuit of the three-phase winding of the linear motor mover, and the power supply unit is connected to the permanent magnet track; the recovery device comprises a recovery bracket, an arresting net, an arresting rope and an electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device, the electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device is used to adsorb and hook to the iron capture ring on the back of the UAV, the recovery bracket is fixed to the linear motor mover, the electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device is connected to the bottom end of the arresting rope, and the top end of the arresting rope is connected to the recovery bracket.

[0004] A further improvement of the dynamic coil UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention is that the blocking net is connected to the front end of the recovery bracket, the top end of the blocking rope is connected to the rear end of the recovery bracket, and the length of the blocking rope does not exceed the recovery device.

[0005] A further improvement of the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention is that the arresting rope is provided with an LED beacon for assisting the UAV in optical positioning or an RFID tag for assisting the UAV in radio positioning.

[0006] A further improvement of the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention is that the permanent magnet track is provided with a concave chute, and the linear motor mover is slidably installed in the concave chute.

[0007] A further improvement of the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention is that the linear motor mover is short-circuited in the three-phase winding through a relay or a power element.

[0008] A further improvement of the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention is that the three-phase winding of the linear motor mover is connected to a winding resistor.

[0009] A further improvement of the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention is that the number of the winding resistors is two, and the two winding resistors are connected in parallel between the three phases of the linear motor mover.

[0010] A further improvement of the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention is that the electromagnetic auxiliary hook device is provided with a capture hook for hanging on the UAV.

[0011] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The dynamic coil UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of this invention utilizes the principle of three-phase short-circuit braking of a linear motor. When the electromagnetic-assisted hook device is attached to the drone, it instantly short-circuits the three-phase windings of the drone's onboard rotor, generating a reverse Lorentz force in a strong magnetic field. This achieves contactless, millisecond-level braking, resolving the technical issues of existing drone recovery systems, which suffer from complex structures and frequent maintenance. This invention uses electromagnetic fields to achieve a "sudden braking" effect, eliminating contactless, violent braking and mechanical shock and wear. It also exhibits strong anti-interference capabilities and is adaptable to a variety of environments, such as dusty environments and ships.

[0012] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-phase winding short-circuit circuit diagram of the linear motor mover of the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention (the arrow in the figure indicates the movement direction of the linear motor mover); Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of the present invention.

[0014] Among them, 1. UAV; 2. Permanent magnet track; 3. Linear motor mover; 4. Recovery device; 4.1. Blocking rope; 4.2 Recovery bracket; 4.3. Blocking net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] See also Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, a dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system includes a permanent magnet track 2, a linear motor mover 3, a recovery device 4, a power supply unit and a control unit; the linear motor mover 3 is slidably installed at the bottom of the permanent magnet track 2, the control unit is used to control the short circuit of the three-phase winding of the linear motor mover 3, and the power supply unit is connected to the permanent magnet track; the recovery device 4 includes a recovery bracket 4.2, an arresting net 4.3, an arresting rope 4.1 and an electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device, the electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device is used to adsorb and hook to the iron capture ring on the back of the UAV 1, the recovery bracket 4.2 is fixed to the linear motor mover 3, the electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device is connected to the bottom end of the arresting rope 4.1, and the top end of the arresting rope 4.1 is connected to the recovery bracket 4.2.

[0017] Specifically, the power supply unit is connected to the permanent magnet track 2, and then the linear motor mover 3 is powered by the permanent magnet track 2. The system can enable the drone 1 to fly along a virtual path to a recovery point through pre-programmed waypoints and real-time dynamic adjustments. The electromagnetic auxiliary hook device connects the arresting rope 4.1 to the drone 1. The arresting rope 4.1 can be used to capture the drone 1 and transfer the kinetic energy of the drone 1 to the linear motor mover 3. The three-phase winding of the linear motor mover 3 is short-circuited, and the mover cuts the magnetic flux lines to generate a reverse braking force until the braking of the drone 1 is completed.

[0018] Preferably, the recovery device 4 also includes a blocking net 4.3, which is connected to the front end of the recovery bracket 4.2. The top end of the blocking rope 4.1 is connected to the rear end of the recovery bracket 4.2. The length of the blocking rope 4.1 does not exceed that of the recovery device, ensuring that the nose of the drone can be wrapped and intercepted by the blocking net 4.3 after the drone 1 is connected to the blocking rope 4.1. After the drone 1 is connected to the blocking rope 4.1, the posture of the drone 1 will change. The blocking net 4.3 can then be deformed and wrapped around the nose of the drone 1, working in conjunction with the blocking rope 4.1 to stabilize the posture of the drone 1, preventing it from breaking away from the blocking rope 4.1 due to excessive speed and causing damage to equipment or personnel.

[0019] Preferably, the arresting rope 4.1 is equipped with an LED beacon to assist the drone in optical positioning or an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag to assist the drone in radio positioning. The LED beacon emits an infrared signal, and the RFID tag emits a radio frequency signal, both of which can be used to locate the drone. Furthermore, the drone can use radar or laser ranging to calculate its relative position to the arresting rope in real time. The LED beacon and RFID tag require a relatively low voltage power supply, typically 3-12V, and can be powered by a button cell battery or a small lithium battery.

[0020] Preferably, the permanent magnet track 2 is provided with a concave chute, in which the linear motor mover 3 is slidably mounted. The concave chute can prevent the linear motor mover 3 from escaping from the permanent magnet track 2, thereby ensuring that the drone 1 has sufficient braking force.

[0021] Preferably, the linear motor mover 3 is short-circuited through a relay or power element for three-phase winding. Figure 2 The control unit includes K1 and K2 in the figure. The control unit includes a main control board and a touch screen, which are electrically connected in sequence. The main control board is communicatively connected to the touch screen, and is electrically connected to the power supply system, relays, or power elements. The control system indirectly controls the linear motor's mover by controlling the current supplied by the power supply unit to the linear motor. The touch screen can display data from the power supply unit, relays, or power elements and is used for local operation control. The control unit can encode and control the current collector or power element to instantaneously short-circuit the mover's three-phase winding. The control principle of the control unit is prior art.

[0022] Preferably, the three-phase winding of the linear motor mover 3 is connected to a winding resistor. The number of the winding resistors is two, such as Figure 2 The two winding resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel between the three phases of the linear motor rotor 3. The short-circuit current dissipates kinetic energy in the form of Joule heat through the winding resistors (P=I 2 R), no additional energy recovery circuit is required, thus simplifying the overall structure of the braking system.

[0023] Preferably, the electromagnetic auxiliary hook device is provided with a capture hook for being hung on the drone 1. An iron capture ring for the capture hook to be hung is provided on the top of the drone 1, thereby assisting the electromagnetic auxiliary hook device to be connected to the drone 1.

[0024] When arresting cable 4.1 captures drone 1, its kinetic energy is transferred to linear motor mover 3, causing it to move relative to the track. A relay or power device (such as an IGBT) momentarily short-circuits the mover's three-phase windings, creating a closed circuit. According to Lenz's law, when a linear motor cuts magnetic flux lines, it generates a reverse induced current in the short-circuited winding, generating a braking force opposite to the direction of motion. This allows for instantaneous response within milliseconds.

[0025] The following table reflects the data difference between the dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of this embodiment and the traditional braking method: This dynamic coil UAV recovery short-circuit braking system offers millisecond-level transient response, enabling rapid recovery of UAV 1. By directly short-circuiting the onboard dynamic coil's three-phase winding, it utilizes Lenz's law to generate a braking force proportional to speed, with a timeframe of just 50ms from trigger to peak force. Traditional hydraulic friction braking has a 150-300ms delay due to pressure buildup, while eddy current braking has an 80-200ms delay due to magnetic field diffusion. This system is suitable for zero-error recovery of shipborne UAV 1 on deck.

[0026] Its contactless, brute-force braking system achieves an instantaneous braking force density of 3-5 N / cm², equivalent to using an electromagnetic field to achieve an "emergency brake" effect without the mechanical impact. This solves the braking challenge faced by high-speed drones during high-speed landings. Traditional methods can cause brake pad ablation. It exhibits strong adaptability and robust interference resistance in extreme environments (such as dust, humidity, and low temperatures). For example, in dusty environments, the probability of friction brake failure reaches 72%, while short-circuit braking performance degradation is less than 5%.

[0027] The dynamic coil UAV recovery short-circuit braking system of this invention utilizes the principle of three-phase short-circuit braking of a linear motor. When the electromagnetic-assisted hook device is attached to the UAV (UAV), it instantly short-circuits the three-phase windings of the UAV's onboard rotor, generating a reverse Lorentz force in a strong magnetic field. This achieves contactless, millisecond-level braking, resolving the technical issues of existing UAV recovery systems, which suffer from complex structures and frequent maintenance. This invention uses electromagnetic fields to achieve a "sudden braking" effect, eliminating contactless, violent braking and mechanical shock and wear. It also exhibits strong anti-interference capabilities and is adaptable to a variety of environments, such as dusty environments and ships.

[0028] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a permanent magnet track (2), a linear motor mover (3), a recovery device (4), a power supply unit and a control unit; the linear motor mover (3) is slidably mounted on the bottom of the permanent magnet track (2); the control unit is used to control the short circuit of the three-phase winding of the linear motor mover (3); and the power supply unit is connected to the permanent magnet track; the recovery device (4) comprises a recovery bracket (4.2), an arresting rope (4.1), an arresting net (4.3) and an electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device, the electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device is used to adsorb and hook to the iron capture ring on the back of the drone (1); the recovery bracket (4.2) is fixed to the linear motor mover (3); the electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device is connected to the bottom end of the arresting rope (4.1); and the top end of the arresting rope (4.1) is connected to the recovery bracket (4.2).

2. The dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blocking net (4.3) is connected to the front end of the recovery bracket (4.2), the top end of the blocking rope (4.1) is connected to the rear end of the recovery bracket (4.2), and the length of the blocking rope (4.1) does not exceed the recovery device.

3. The dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The arresting rope (4.1) is provided with an LED beacon for assisting the UAV in optical positioning or an RFID tag for assisting the UAV in radio positioning.

4. The dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The permanent magnet track (2) is provided with a concave sliding groove, and the linear motor mover (3) is slidably mounted in the concave sliding groove.

5. The dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The linear motor mover (3) performs a three-phase winding short circuit via a relay or a power element.

6. The dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-phase winding of the linear motor mover (3) is connected to a winding resistor.

7. The dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The number of the winding resistors is two, and the two winding resistors are connected in parallel between the three phases of the linear motor mover (3).

8. The dynamic coil type UAV recovery short-circuit braking system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electromagnetic auxiliary hooking device is provided with a capture hook for being hooked on the drone (1).

Images