Trigger grading type bridge structure limiting device
By designing a trigger-type graded bridge structure limit device, combined with circular steel barrels, rubber blocks and low-compression gas and liquid, the graded limit and buffering energy consumption of the bridge under different loads are achieved, which solves the problems of single function and high cost of existing bridge limit devices and improves the disaster prevention and mitigation performance of the bridge.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511041152.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing bridge limiting protection measures have single functions, complex manufacturing processes, inconvenient construction and high costs. They cannot effectively protect bridge structures under extreme conditions, resulting in frequent beam falling accidents.
A triggered graded bridge structure limit device is designed. By filling low-compression gas liquid between a circular steel barrel and a rubber block, combined with high-elastic rubber strips and staples, it achieves graded limit and buffer energy dissipation functions, adapting to bridge protection under different load levels.
It does not affect the normal displacement of the bridge under normal loads, and effectively plays the role of limiting and buffering energy consumption under extreme loads, reducing beam falling accidents, lowering post-disaster repair costs, and improving the disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of the bridge structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN120608453A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge disaster prevention and reduction, and in particular relates to a trigger-type hierarchical bridge structure limiting device. Background Art
[0002] As my country's comprehensive national strength continues to grow, the level of building structure technology has also achieved rapid development. The safety and durability of building structures have attracted greater attention, and the safe operation of building structures is becoming increasingly important to people's production and life. As an important component of inter-city transportation, bridge structures play an irreplaceable role in social and economic development and cultural exchange. Historical bridge structure disaster statistics show that bridge beam collapse accidents caused by insufficient lateral restraint measures are common, seriously affecting the transportation of disaster relief materials and post-disaster reconstruction. Therefore, how to rationally design and optimize the restraint measures of bridge structures, especially to maximize the protection of the bridge structure's finishing function under extremely harsh conditions, has always been a hot topic in the field of bridge structure disaster prevention and mitigation.
[0003] Under the action of a larger earthquake, the bridge structure is very likely to have excessive lateral displacement that exceeds the support limit, and the main beam will collide or contact with the lateral limiting measures of the bridge structure. When the limiting measures are not designed reasonably, their functions cannot be fully demonstrated, and lateral beam drop accidents occur. Insufficient lateral limiting measures can be divided into insufficient block design, unreasonable buffering and energy-consuming measures, etc. In order to effectively control or reduce the excessive lateral displacement of the bridge structure under unconventional loads and reduce or avoid beam drop accidents, the bridge structure blocks and their energy-consuming buffering measures can be optimized and designed separately. After reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature and patents in the field of bridge disaster prevention and mitigation, it was found that many existing bridge limiting and protection measures have relatively simple functions, but basically have not achieved staged limiting and exerted their functions, and their manufacturing process is complex, construction is inconvenient and costly. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to effectively protect the main beams of bridge structures and make full use of the lateral space between the block and the main beam, the lateral limiting measures and the buffering and energy dissipation functions can be effectively integrated, so that a limiting device can play a role in a graded manner according to the load level. At the same time, its manufacturing and processing are simple, the materials are convenient to obtain, and the cost is appropriate. Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a trigger-type graded bridge structure limiting device, so that under the action of conventional loads, the protective device will not affect the normal displacement of the main beams of the bridge structure, and under the action of extreme loads such as strong earthquakes and strong typhoons, the dual functions of lateral limiting and buffering energy dissipation can be fully exerted, thereby maximally avoiding or reducing beam falling accidents, significantly improving the overall disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of the bridge structure, and effectively reducing the cost of post-disaster repair of the bridge structure.
[0005] The present invention provides a trigger-type hierarchical bridge structure limiting device, comprising a cap beam, a main beam, a concrete block, and a support. The main beam is supported on the support, and concrete blocks are cast upward at both ends of the cap beam. A circular steel plate base is anchored with bolts on the side of the main beam close to the concrete block. A circular steel barrel with a pin groove and a diameter smaller than that of the circular steel plate base is welded to the circular steel plate base. The circular steel barrel and a circular rubber block of a certain thickness are connected together in the pin groove by pins. A low-compression gas liquid is filled in the enclosed space formed by the circular steel barrel and the circular rubber block and sealed. A high-elastic rubber strip and adhesive are used to connect the circular steel barrel and the circular steel plate at the barrel end close to the concrete block. A steel rod with a 90° bend embedded in the concrete block is connected to the circular steel plate by welding.
[0006] Furthermore, an arc-shaped outer steel plate of a certain thickness is welded to the outer wall of the steel barrel at the staple groove.
[0007] Furthermore, the circular steel plate base is fixed to the main beam with four bolts, and a certain safety distance is left between the bolts and the bolt holes and the outer wall of the circular steel barrel.
[0008] Furthermore, the four staples arranged in the staple groove of the circular steel drum are symmetrically arranged.
[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the circular steel plate is 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the circular steel barrel, and the inner wall of the circular steel barrel is coated with lubricating oil.
[0010] Furthermore, steel bars are welded to portions of the steel bars embedded in the concrete blocks.
[0011] Furthermore, the highly elastic rubber strips are symmetrically arranged, with a number of 4, and their length is half the distance between the circular steel plate and the end of the circular steel barrel near the concrete block, and the highly elastic rubber strips are in a straight state.
[0012] Furthermore, the low-compression gas liquid adopts silicone oil.
[0013] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:
[0014] 1) Due to the circular steel plate and high-elasticity rubber strip, under normal load, the bridge structure's main beam experiences relatively small lateral displacement, driving the circular steel drum toward the concrete block. At this point, the high-elasticity rubber strip undergoes a certain degree of tensile deformation, generating a restoring force that forces the main beam back to its original equilibrium position, thereby achieving a self-resetting effect. During this process, the circular steel plate and the circular rubber block do not come into contact.
[0015] 2) The present invention is provided with a staple. Under extreme loads such as strong earthquakes or strong winds, the lateral displacement of the main beam will increase significantly. At this time, the circular steel plate will come into contact with the circular rubber block. As the displacement further increases, the circular rubber block will be pushed toward the side of the main beam, thereby shearing the staple, which will also dissipate a portion of external energy. Since low-compression gas and liquid such as silicone oil are filled between the circular steel barrel, the circular rubber block and the circular steel plate base, as the main beam continues to move laterally, the low-compression gas and liquid will play a good role in buffering and absorbing energy. At the same time, the high-elastic rubber strip is in a continuous tensile state and will generate a greater restoring force to force the main beam to return to its original equilibrium position. This process will also dissipate a portion of external energy. Therefore, this limiting measure effectively combines lateral limiting, buffering and energy dissipation, and self-resetting functions. Its various components are easy to manufacture and process, easy to obtain materials, safe and effective, low-cost, and have great prospects for promotion and application and good economic benefits.
[0016] 3) Since a layer of lubricating oil is applied between the circular steel barrel and the circular steel plate, the present invention can effectively avoid the huge noise generated by the friction between the circular steel barrel and the circular steel plate, and is also conducive to the realization of the self-resetting function of the limit device.
[0017] 4) The protective effect of the present invention can be adjusted by changing the relevant geometric parameters of the various components of the device to meet the limiting requirements of different bridge structures, and the shapes of the components of the present invention can adopt other forms such as rectangle, square, etc., and the rubber strips can be replaced by springs, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural reference diagram of the trigger-type hierarchical bridge structure limiting device of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the elevation of the medium circular steel barrel, arc-shaped outer steel plate, and circular steel plate base.
[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the plan of the medium circular steel barrel, arc-shaped outer steel plate, and circular steel plate base.
[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the elevation and plan of the medium circular rubber block and the staples.
[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the elevation of the steel rod and circular steel plate, and schematic diagram of the plan of the circular steel plate.
[0023] In the figure: 1-cap beam; 2-main beam; 3-support; 4-circular steel barrel; 5-circular steel plate; 6-circular rubber block; 7-high elastic rubber strip; 8-circular steel plate base; 9-bolt; 10-nail; 11-steel rod; 12-arc-shaped outer steel plate; 13-concrete stopper; 14-nail groove; 15-low-compression gas liquid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0025] The present invention proposes a trigger-type hierarchical bridge structure limit device that ensures that under conventional loads, the limit device does not affect the normal displacement of the main beam of the bridge structure, and fully exerts the functions of lateral limitation and buffering energy consumption under extreme loads such as strong earthquakes and strong typhoons, thereby avoiding or reducing beam falling accidents to the greatest extent, significantly improving the overall disaster resistance of the bridge structure, and effectively reducing the post-disaster repair cost of the bridge structure.
[0026] A trigger-type hierarchical bridge structure limiting device of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a cap beam 1, a main beam 2, a concrete block 13 and a support 3. The main beam 2 is supported on the support 3, and concrete blocks 13 are cast upward at both ends of the cap beam 3. Bolts 9 are used to anchor the circular steel plate base 8 on the side of the main beam 2 close to the concrete block 13. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, a circular steel barrel 4 with a nail groove 14 and a diameter smaller than the circular steel plate base 8 is welded on the circular steel plate base 8, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, a staple 10 is used to connect a circular steel drum 4 and a circular rubber block 6 of a certain thickness in a staple groove 14. The closed space formed by the circular steel drum 4 and the circular rubber block 6 is filled with a low-compression gas liquid 15 and sealed. A highly elastic rubber strip 7 and adhesive are used to connect the circular steel drum 4 and the circular steel plate 5 at the barrel end of the circular steel drum 4 near the concrete block 13. Figure 5 As shown, a steel rod 11 embedded in a concrete block 13 and bent at 90° is connected to the circular steel plate 5 by welding.
[0027] Furthermore, an arc-shaped outer steel plate 12 of a certain thickness is welded to the outer wall of the steel barrel at the staple groove 14 .
[0028] Furthermore, the circular steel plate base 8 is fixed to the main beam 2 by four bolts 9 , and the bolts 9 and the bolt holes are kept at a certain safety distance from the outer wall of the circular steel barrel 4 .
[0029] Furthermore, the four staples 10 provided in the staple groove 14 of the circular steel barrel 4 should not have too great a rigidity and strength. The staples 10 should be easily cut off when the bridge has a large lateral displacement, and the staples 10 should be symmetrically arranged.
[0030] Furthermore, the diameter of the circular steel plate 5 is 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the circular steel barrel 4, and the inner wall of the circular steel barrel 4 is coated with lubricating oil so that the circular steel plate 5 can move back and forth freely when driven by the lateral displacement of the bridge structure.
[0031] Furthermore, steel bars are welded to the portions of the steel rod 11 that are embedded in the concrete block 13 to enhance the pull-out resistance of the steel rod 11 .
[0032] Furthermore, the highly elastic rubber strips 7 are symmetrically arranged and there are four of them. Their length is half the distance between the circular steel plate 5 and the end of the circular rubber block 6 and the side of the circular steel barrel 4 close to the concrete stopper 13, and the highly elastic rubber strips 7 are in a straight state.
[0033] Furthermore, the low-compression gas liquid 15 is silicone oil.
[0034] Furthermore, the position of the staple groove 14 should be designed according to the size of the structural displacement response caused by the load to ensure that the circular steel plate 5 and the circular rubber block 6 do not contact under normal loads and thus do not affect the normal lateral displacement of the main beam of the bridge structure.
[0035] According to the requirements of the disaster prevention and mitigation design of the bridge structure, the cylindrical wall steel plate, circular steel plate base 8, bolts 9, circular steel plate 5, high-elastic rubber strip 7, arc-shaped outer steel plate 12, circular rubber block 6, staples 10, and steel rods 11 required for the circular steel barrel 4 are pre-cut and processed according to certain sizes. First, the main structures of the bridge structure, such as the piers, cap beams, main beams, and concrete blocks, are constructed. During the construction of the concrete blocks 13, the steel rods 11 with 90° bends are pre-embedded into the concrete blocks. Then, the circular steel plate base 8 is fixed to the side of the main beam 2 near the concrete block 13 with bolts. The circular steel barrel 4 with staple grooves 14 is installed on the circular steel plate base 8 by welding. On this basis, the rubber blocks 6 and staples 10 are installed, and silicone oil is injected into the enclosed space formed by the circular steel barrel 4 and the rubber blocks 6, and a sealing treatment is performed. A circular arc-shaped outer steel plate 12 is welded to the outer wall of the steel barrel 4 corresponding to the staple groove 14. A highly elastic rubber strip 7 and adhesive are used to connect the circular steel barrel 4 and the circular steel plate 5 at the barrel end of the circular steel barrel 4 near the concrete block side 13, and a layer of lubricating oil is applied between the circular steel barrel 4 and the circular steel plate 5. Finally, the steel rod 11 is connected to the circular steel plate 5 by welding, and thus a trigger-type hierarchical bridge structure limit device is formed. The present invention has a simple structure, a clear buffering energy dissipation mechanism, is easy to implement, and has a reasonable cost. A better solution can be obtained through reasonable calculation and analysis and limited experiments, which can significantly improve the overall disaster prevention and mitigation performance of the bridge structure and effectively reduce or avoid beam falling accidents.
[0036] In other specific embodiments, the circular steel drum, circular steel plate base, circular rubber block, and circular steel plate of this embodiment may also be in other forms, not limited to the steel material and shape of this embodiment. The present invention may also be applied to other building structure limit protection devices.
[0037] The application of the trigger-type hierarchical bridge structure limit device of this embodiment is as follows:
[0038] Under normal loads, the lateral displacement of the bridge's main beam is relatively small, driving the circular steel drum toward the concrete block. However, the circular steel plate and the circular rubber block are not in contact. At this point, the highly elastic rubber strip is in a certain state of tension, generating a certain restoring force, which helps the main beam return to its original equilibrium position, thus achieving the effect of self-resetting the main beam. During this process, the reciprocating motion of the circular steel plate and the repeated stretching of the rubber strip dissipate energy.
[0039] Under extreme loads such as strong earthquakes or high winds, the lateral displacement of the main beam will increase significantly. At this point, the circular steel plate will come into contact with the circular rubber block. As the lateral displacement continues to increase, the circular rubber block will be further pushed toward the main beam, causing the staples to shear and dissipating some external energy. Because silicone oil is filled between the circular steel barrel, the circular rubber block, and the circular steel plate base, the continued increase in the lateral displacement of the main beam will further compress the silicone oil in the circular rubber block. This process effectively utilizes the silicone oil's energy-absorbing buffering function. Simultaneously, the highly elastic rubber strip is in a state of continuous tension, generating a greater restoring force to help the main beam return to its original equilibrium position, which in turn dissipates some external energy.
[0040] Under extremely rare extreme loads, bridge structure blocks serve as the last line of defense to limit the lateral position of the main beam and prevent beam drop accidents. This device effectively integrates the functions of lateral limit, energy buffering, and block protection, cleverly achieving phased limit functions. All materials are easily accessible and easy to process, reducing production costs and significantly improving the overall disaster prevention and mitigation performance of the bridge structure.
[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made without creative work, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A trigger-type hierarchical bridge structure limit device, characterized by: The invention comprises a cap beam (1), a main beam (2), a concrete block (13) and a support (3), wherein the main beam (2) is supported on the support (3), and concrete blocks (13) are cast upward at both ends of the cap beam (3), and a bolt (9) is used to anchor a circular steel plate base (8) on the side of the main beam (2) close to the concrete block (13), and a circular steel barrel (4) with a clamping groove (14) and a diameter smaller than that of the circular steel plate base (8) is welded on the circular steel plate base (8), and a clamping nail (10) is used to fix the circular steel barrel (4) to the support (3). Circular rubber blocks (6) of a certain thickness are connected together in a staple groove (14); a low-compression gas liquid (15) is filled in a closed space formed by the circular steel barrel (4) and the circular rubber block (6) and sealed; a high-elastic rubber strip (7) and an adhesive are used to connect the circular steel barrel (4) and the circular steel plate (5) at the barrel end of the circular steel barrel (4) on the side of the concrete stopper (13); and a steel rod (11) with a 90-degree bend embedded in the concrete stopper (13) is connected to the circular steel plate (5) by welding.
2. The triggerable hierarchical bridge structure limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped outer steel plate (12) of a certain thickness is welded to the outer wall of the steel barrel in the staple groove (14).
3. The triggerable hierarchical bridge structure limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular steel plate base (8) is fixed to the main beam (2) by four bolts (9), and the bolts (9) and the bolt holes are kept at a certain safety distance from the outer wall of the circular steel barrel (4).
4. The triggerable hierarchical bridge structure limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four staples (10) are arranged in the staple groove (14) of the circular steel barrel (4), and the staples (10) are symmetrically arranged.
5. The triggerable hierarchical bridge structure limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the circular steel plate (5) is 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the circular steel barrel (4), and the inner wall of the circular steel barrel (4) is coated with lubricating oil.
6. The triggerable hierarchical bridge structure limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel bar (11) is embedded in the concrete block (13) and the steel bars are welded to the part of the position.
7. The triggerable hierarchical bridge structure limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The highly elastic rubber strips (7) are symmetrically arranged and are four in number. Their length is determined when the circular steel plate (5) is at half the distance between the circular rubber block (6) and the end of the circular steel barrel (4) close to the concrete stopper (13), and the highly elastic rubber strips (7) are in a straightened state.
8. A triggerable hierarchical bridge structure limiting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The low-compression gas liquid (15) is silicone oil.