Foundation pit excavation equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit excavation, and discloses foundation pit excavation equipment which comprises a fixed base table, a vertical moving mechanism and a transverse moving mechanism. The vertical moving mechanism comprises lifting guide columns connected to the two sides of the fixed base table in a sliding mode, the ends, close to the ground, of the lifting guide columns are rotationally connected with an excavator bucket, a hydraulic cylinder support is arranged in the middle of the fixed base table, and a driving hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder support; a piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a lifting table in sliding connection with the lifting guide column, the middle of the lifting table is rotationally connected with a push-pull rod, the end, away from the lifting table, of the push-pull rod is rotationally connected with the side face of the excavator bucket, and a locking assembly for limiting the relative position of the lifting guide column and the lifting table is arranged on the lifting table. The excavator bucket can be driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder to achieve the earth cutting action and the side wall trimming action, multiple hydraulic cylinders do not need to work in a matched mode, the control difficulty is greatly lowered, and the whole equipment only needs to be driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder to move in a large range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit excavation, in particular to a foundation pit excavation device. Background Art

[0002] A foundation pit is the space below ground level excavated during construction to construct underground structures (such as basements, subway stations, and utility corridors). Construction of a foundation pit involves multiple disciplines, including geotechnical, structural, and environmental engineering, and requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, including geological and hydrological conditions, the surrounding environment, and construction safety.

[0003] Hydraulic excavators are often used as the primary construction machinery for foundation pit excavation. Especially in unsupported excavation, strict vertical control of the bucket's lift and drop is crucial to ensure the verticality of the pit walls. However, hydraulic excavators primarily achieve spatial displacement of the bucket through the relative rotational motion of their boom and dipper arm. This mechanical characteristic makes precise vertical lift difficult, significantly increasing operational complexity. Therefore, technical improvements to their operating methods are necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a foundation pit excavation device, which solves the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] Base comprises support, castor, and frame upper is provided with guide rail, and support and conveyer frames movable end contact site are provided with recoil spring or rubber cushion, and castor is arranged on the pin of base bottom four, to carry mobile handler location.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bucket is a quarter-cylindrical structure, with its corners pivotally connected to the lifting guide column. The interior of the bucket is hollow, and the sides of the bucket are open. Support rods are provided on the sides of the lifting guide column, and support plates are provided at the ends of the support rods, parallel to the fixed base, and at the same height as the bucket's center of rotation.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the locking assembly includes a slide groove arranged on both sides of the lifting platform, the slide groove is slidably connected with an L-shaped limit block, the side of the lifting guide column is provided with a blocking block that cooperates with the L-shaped limit block, and the middle of the lifting platform is provided with a locking hydraulic cylinder that drives the L-shaped limit block to move. When the bucket is rotated to a state where the bucket is open and faces the ground, the blocking block is located inside the L-shaped limit block.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the spacing adjustment assembly includes telescopic sleeves arranged on both sides of the support frame, the telescopic sleeves are slidably connected to a telescopic rod on the side close to the equipment mounting seat, and the ends of the telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the equipment mounting seat. A first guide rod is provided in the middle of the support frame, and first sliders are slidably connected to both sides of the first guide rod. The first slider is rotatably connected to the end of the deflection plate, and the middle parts of the two deflection plates are rotatably connected to each other. A fixed plate is provided on the side of the fixed base, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the second guide rod, and second sliders are slidably connected to both sides of the second guide rod. The second slider is rotatably connected to the end of the deflection plate away from the first slider. A spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder for adjusting the spacing between the two first sliders is provided on the rotating disk, and the piston rod of the spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a push block, and the push block is fixedly connected to the first slider.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a support is provided on the outer side of the rotating disk, and a support wheel that cooperates with the equipment mounting seat is rotatably connected to the support. A driving motor is provided on the side of the equipment mounting seat, and the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the first pulley, the first pulley is connected to the second pulley through a synchronous belt, and the second pulley is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main shaft.

[0011] The present invention has the following benefits:

[0012] By setting a locking component to control the relative positions of the lifting platform and the lifting guide column, the driving hydraulic cylinder can drive the bucket to respectively perform the two actions of digging and side wall trimming. There is no need for multiple hydraulic cylinders to work together, and the control difficulty is greatly reduced. The large-scale movement of the entire equipment only requires the driving hydraulic cylinder to drive it. Only by increasing the power of the driving hydraulic cylinder can the power of the entire equipment be increased, thereby improving the utilization rate of the driving hydraulic cylinder and reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0014] Figure 1The figure is a structural diagram of a foundation pit excavation equipment.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front view of a foundation pit excavation equipment.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a lateral movement mechanism in a foundation pit excavation equipment.

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Front view of .

[0018] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a deflection plate in a foundation pit excavation equipment.

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view of .

[0020] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical moving mechanism in a foundation pit excavation equipment.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a locking component in a foundation pit excavation equipment.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a foundation pit excavation equipment after the bucket rotates counterclockwise.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a foundation pit excavation equipment after the bucket rotates clockwise.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Fixed base; 2. Vertical moving mechanism; 3. Horizontal moving mechanism; 4. Equipment mounting base; 5. Rotating disk; 6. Support frame; 7. Deflection plate; 8. Telescopic sleeve; 9. Telescopic rod; 10. Main shaft; 11. Second pulley; 12. Synchronous belt; 13. First pulley; 14. Driving motor; 15. Support; 16. Support wheel; 17. Spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 18. Push block; 19. First slider; 20. First guide rod; 21. Second guide rod; 22. Second slider; 23. Fixed plate; 24. Locking assembly; 25. Driving hydraulic cylinder; 26. Hydraulic cylinder bracket; 27. Lifting guide column; 28. Lifting platform; 29. ​​Push-pull rod; 30. Bucket; 31. Support rod; 32. Support plate; 33. Locking hydraulic cylinder; 34. Slide; 35. L-shaped limit block; 36. Blocking block; 37. Mounting frame; 38. Spacing adjustment assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 , a foundation pit excavation equipment, comprising a fixed base 1, a vertical moving mechanism 2 and a horizontal moving mechanism 3;

[0027] The vertical moving mechanism 2 includes a lifting guide column 27 slidably connected to both sides of the fixed base 1. The lifting guide column 27 is arranged on the right side of the fixed base 1, and the lifting guide column 27 is arranged vertically. The lower end of the lifting guide column 27 is rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the bucket 30. A hydraulic cylinder bracket 26 is provided on the right side of the upper surface of the fixed base 1. A driving hydraulic cylinder 25 is provided on the hydraulic cylinder bracket 26. The piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 extends downward. The piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper surface of the lifting platform 28 arranged in the front and rear directions. The lifting guide column 27 is slidably connected to the front and rear ends of the lifting platform 28. The middle part of the lower surface of the lifting platform 28 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the push-pull rod 29. The lower end of the push-pull rod 29 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the bucket 30. A locking assembly 24 is provided on the lifting platform 28. The locking assembly 24 can limit the relative position of the lifting guide column 27 and the lifting platform 28, that is, the locking assembly 24 can fix the lifting guide column 27 and the lifting platform 28;

[0028] The horizontal movement mechanism 3 includes an equipment mounting seat 4 arranged on the left side of the fixed base 1. The middle part of the equipment mounting seat 4 is rotatably connected to a vertically arranged main shaft 10. The lower end of the main shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper surface of the rotating disk 5. The lower surface of the rotating disk 5 is fixedly connected to the support frame 6. The support frame 6 is a U-shaped structure and is arranged parallel to the equipment mounting seat 4. A spacing adjustment component 38 is provided on the support frame 6. The spacing adjustment component 38 can adjust the spacing between the fixed base 1 and the support frame 6. That is to say, the fixed base 1 can achieve a horizontal movement effect through the spacing adjustment component 38.

[0029] In one case of this embodiment, see Figure 7The bucket 30 is a quarter-cylindrical structure. The corners of the bucket 30 are rotatably connected to the lower end of the lifting guide column 27, and the bucket 30 is a hollow structure. According to the front view, the left side of the bucket 30 is open, and the upper surface of the bucket 30 is flat. The middle part of the upper surface of the bucket 30 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the push-pull rod 29, so the push-pull rod 29 can pull the bucket 30 to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise. A support rod 31 is provided on the left side of the lifting guide column 27. The support rod 31 is tilted toward the lower left. The upper end of the support rod 31 is fixedly connected to the lifting guide column 27, and the lower end of the support rod 31 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate 32. The support plate 32 is in a horizontal state. The support plate 32 is at the same height as the rotation center of the bucket 30, and when the bucket 30 rotates counterclockwise and the bucket 30 rotates to a state with the opening facing downward, the support plate 32 is flush with the edge of the bucket 30. At this time, the opening of the bucket 30 and the support plate 32 can be stably placed on the ground at the same time.

[0030] In one case of this embodiment, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 The locking assembly 24 includes a slide 34 provided on the front and rear sides of the lifting platform 28. The slide 34 is arranged in a front-to-back direction. An L-shaped limit block 35 is slidably connected to the slide 34. A stop block 36 is provided on the upper left side of the lifting guide column 27 to cooperate with the L-shaped limit block 35. When the L-shaped limit block 35 moves above the stop block 36, the L-shaped limit block 35 moves in a direction away from the lifting platform 28. At this time, the stop block 36 is located between the L-shaped limit block 35 and the lifting platform 28. At this time, the height of the lifting platform 28 on the lifting guide column 27 is locked. At this time, the opening of the bucket 30 is in a downward position. A locking hydraulic cylinder 33 is provided in the middle of the lifting platform 28. The piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped limit block 35. The locking hydraulic cylinder 33 pushes the L-shaped limit block 35 to move forward and backward. The locking hydraulic cylinder 33 is a double-output hydraulic cylinder, so that the two L-shaped limit blocks 35 can move away from or towards each other synchronously.

[0031] In one case of this embodiment, see Figure 3-Figure 6The spacing adjustment assembly 38 includes telescopic sleeves 8 disposed on the front and rear sides of the support frame 6. Telescopic sleeves 8 extend to the right, and a telescopic rod 9, which is slidably connected to the right side of telescopic sleeves 8, is arranged to extend left and right. The right end of telescopic rod 9 is connected to the front and rear sides of the lower surface of the fixed base 1. The relative sliding of telescopic sleeves 8 and telescopic rod 9 enables the spacing between the device mounting base 4 and the fixed base 1 to be adjusted. A first guide rod 20 facing forward and backward is provided in the middle of the support frame 6, and a first slider 19 is slidably connected to the front and rear sides of the first guide rod 20, and the side of the first slider 19 is rotatably connected to the left end of the deflection plate 7. The middle parts of the two deflection plates 7 are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft, and a fixed plate 23 is provided on the left side of the fixed base 1. The fixed plate 23 is fixedly connected to a second guide rod 21 facing forward and backward, and the front and rear sides of the second guide rod 21 are slidably connected to the second slider 22, and the side of the second slider 22 is rotatably connected to the right end of the deflection plate 7, and a spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder 17 is provided on the left side of the lower surface of the rotating disk 5, and the piston rod of the spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to the push block 18, and the push block 18 is fixedly connected to the first slider 19. The spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder 17 is a double-outlet hydraulic cylinder arranged in a front-to-rear direction. The spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder 17 causes the two first sliders 19 to move closer to each other or away from each other. When the two first sliders 19 move closer to each other, the deflection plate 7 pushes the fixed base 1 to the right. When the two first sliders 19 move away from each other, the deflection plate 7 pulls the fixed base 1 to the left.

[0032] In one case of this embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 A support 15 is provided on the upper surface of the rotating disk 5. Three supports 15 are provided on the rotating disk 5. The three supports 15 are symmetrically arranged relative to the central circumference of the rotating disk 5, and the upper part of the support 15 is rotatably connected to the support wheel 16. The support wheel 16 rolls along the lower surface of the equipment mounting seat 4, so that the main shaft 10 can stably drive the rotating disk 5 to rotate through the auxiliary support effect of the support wheel 16. A mounting frame 37 is provided on the upper surface of the equipment mounting seat 4. The mounting frame 37 is a cross-shaped structure, and a mounting hole is provided on the mounting frame 37. The equipment can be connected to the relevant lifting equipment through the mounting hole. A drive motor 14 is provided on the left side of the equipment mounting seat 4. The output shaft of the drive motor 14 is fixedly connected to the first pulley 13. The first pulley 13 is connected to the second pulley 11 through the synchronous belt 12. The second pulley 11 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main shaft 10. The drive motor 14 rotates the main shaft 10 through belt drive.

[0033] During the implementation of this embodiment, the device is connected to the protruding end of the crane or excavator at the construction site through the mounting frame 37. When the area of ​​the foundation pit is large, the device can be moved horizontally by the crane so that the ground of the foundation pit will not be crushed by engineering equipment such as the excavator. In addition, during the operation, the rotating disk 5 can be driven to rotate by the driving motor 14 to adjust the direction of the bucket 30, and the lateral position of the bucket 30 can be adjusted by the spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder 17, so that the bucket 30 can be moved to the position of the ground where excavation is required.

[0034] For ground soil treatment, please refer to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 10 , start the driving hydraulic cylinder 25, the piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 is retracted, and the support plate 32 of the equipment is touched to the ground from right to left by a crane or excavator. Under the action of the gravity of the equipment, the opening of the bucket 30 falls flat on the ground. At this time, the height of the fixed base 1 is fixed, and the support plate 32 falls stably on the ground. The driving hydraulic cylinder 25 is started in the reverse direction, and the piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 is extended. The piston rod pushes the lifting platform 28 to move downward, and the support plate 32 limits the downward movement of the lifting guide column 27. At this time, the lifting platform 28 rotates the bucket 30 clockwise through the push-pull rod 29. The bucket 30 excavates the ground during the rotation process, and the soil enters the interior of the bucket 30. When the bucket 30 rotates more than 90 degrees, the bucket 30 is lifted by a crane or excavator and moved to a fixed position. The support plate 32 is pressed against the ground. At this time, the lifting guide column 27 cannot move, and the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 is started in the reverse direction. The bucket 30 rotates in the opposite direction, thereby causing the soil inside the bucket 30 to fall.

[0035] For sidewall smoothing, see Figure 9 , repeat the above steps, let the support plate 32 fall on the ground at an angle, so that the lifting guide column 27 cannot move, and start the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 in the reverse direction. When the L-shaped limit block 35 on the lifting platform 28 is higher than the blocking block 36, stop driving the hydraulic cylinder 25, start the locking hydraulic cylinder 33, and the L-shaped limit block 35 moves to the outside of the blocking block 36. At this time, the lifting platform 28 cannot move relative to the lifting guide column 27. Use a crane or excavator to move the bucket 30 to the side wall position of the foundation pit, start the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 in the reverse direction, and the lifting platform 28 moves downward. At this time, the bucket 30 descends along the side wall of the foundation pit, and the side wall of the foundation pit is trimmed by the bucket 30.

[0036] For the leveling of the bottom of the foundation pit, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 10, move the equipment by crane or excavator, place the support plate 32 on the ground at an angle, so that the lifting guide column 27 cannot move, drive the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 25 to extend, and the bucket 30 rotates clockwise, so that the opening of the bucket 30 rotates to the bottom. At this time, the equipment is lifted by crane or excavator and moved to the position where the ground needs to be leveled, and the spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder 17 is started to make the fixed base 1 move horizontally. At this time, the bucket 30 moves left and right on the ground. When the bucket 30 moves to the left, the opening of the bucket 30 can scrape the convex part of the ground. When the bucket 30 moves to the right, the curved surface of the side of the bucket 30 can enter The ground is squeezed and smoothed, and since the bucket 30 is a quarter of a cylinder, after the bucket 30 contacts the ground, if the bucket 30 moves to the right, the distance between the arc surface of the bucket 30 and the ground is fixed when the bucket 30 rotates, so that the bucket 30 can stably squeeze the ground. If the bucket 30 moves to the left and encounters a hard object that cannot be scraped up, the bucket 30 can rotate counterclockwise, so that the bucket 30 avoids the hard object by rotating counterclockwise. During the rotation of the bucket 30, the hydraulic cylinder 25 does not need to work, and the lifting guide column 27 will rise and fall adaptively.

[0037] The present invention provides a foundation pit excavation equipment, which controls the relative positions of the lifting platform 28 and the lifting guide column 27 by setting a locking component 24, so that the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 can drive the bucket 30 to respectively realize the two actions of excavation and side wall trimming. There is no need for multiple hydraulic cylinders to work together, and the control difficulty is greatly reduced. The large-scale movement of the entire equipment only requires the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 to drive it. Only by increasing the power of the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 can the power of the entire equipment be increased, thereby improving the utilization rate of the driving hydraulic cylinder 25 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire equipment.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be embraced therein.

Claims

1. A foundation pit excavation equipment, characterized in that: It includes a fixed base, a vertical moving mechanism and a horizontal moving mechanism; The vertical movement mechanism includes a lifting guide column slidably connected to both sides of the fixed base, the end of the lifting guide column close to the ground is rotatably connected to the bucket, a hydraulic cylinder bracket is provided in the middle of the fixed base, a driving hydraulic cylinder is provided on the hydraulic cylinder bracket, the piston rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting platform slidably connected to the lifting guide column, the middle of the lifting platform is rotatably connected to the push-pull rod, the end of the push-pull rod away from the lifting platform is rotatably connected to the side of the bucket, and a locking component is provided on the lifting platform to limit the relative position of the lifting guide column and the lifting platform; The lateral movement mechanism includes an equipment mounting base arranged on one side of the fixed base. The middle part of the equipment mounting base is rotatably connected to the main shaft. The end of the main shaft close to the ground is fixedly connected to a rotating disk. The middle part of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to a support frame. The support frame is provided with a spacing adjustment component for adjusting the distance between the rotating disk and the fixed base.

2. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bucket is a quarter-cylindrical structure, the corners of the bucket are rotatably connected to the lifting guide columns, the interior of the bucket is a hollow structure, and the sides of the bucket are open.

3. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support rod is provided on the side of the lifting guide column, and a support plate parallel to the fixed base is provided at the end of the support rod, and the support plate is at the same height as the rotation center of the bucket.

4. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a slide groove arranged on both sides of the lifting platform, the slide groove is slidably connected with an L-shaped limit block, the side of the lifting guide column is provided with a blocking block that cooperates with the L-shaped limit block, and the middle of the lifting platform is provided with a locking hydraulic cylinder that drives the L-shaped limit block to move. When the bucket is rotated to a state where the bucket is open and faces the ground, the blocking block is located inside the L-shaped limit block.

5. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing adjustment assembly includes telescopic sleeves arranged on both sides of the support frame, a side of the telescopic sleeve close to the equipment mounting seat is slidably connected to a telescopic rod, and the end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the equipment mounting seat.

6. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cam is connected to the first slide block and the second slide block is connected to the first slide block, and the cam is connected to the first slide block and the second slide block is connected to the first slide block.

7. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support is provided on the outer side of the rotating disk, and a support wheel that cooperates with the equipment mounting seat is rotatably connected to the support. A driving motor is provided on the side of the equipment mounting seat. The output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the first pulley, and the first pulley is connected to the second pulley through a synchronous belt. The second pulley is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main shaft.

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