Device for collecting, sucking and discharging pond sludge and fish excrement

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for collecting, sucking and discharging pond sludge and fish excrement, which is characterized in that a sewage sucking pipeline (3) assembled by a corrosion-resistant pipe component is connected with at least one funnel-shaped collector (1), one side of the tail end is connected with a sewage sucking pump (4), and the other side is connected with a clear water filling hole (7); in high-temperature seasons, low-temperature water masses can be injected into the collectors (1) through the clean water injection hole (7), fishes can safely stay in summer, finally, sludge and fish excrement are discharged into the sludge collection ditch (6) through a time-sharing sewage suction method which is sequentially operated from the far end to the water pump end, sewage discharge of the device is controlled by a control system beside a pond bank (8), and the device is convenient to use. And a valve control rope (21) fixed on a vertical rod (5) of the pool bank (8) is connected with the ball valve (2), so that rapid manual operation is realized. The device is simple and convenient to construct and good in sealing performance, is used for efficiently cleaning sediments at the bottoms of water bodies such as ponds and lakes, and is particularly suitable for cleaning sludge and fish excrement in scenes such as soil culture ponds, ecological restoration water areas and factory-like circulating water culture systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture engineering and environmental protection equipment, and specifically relates to a mechanized device for efficiently cleaning bottom sediments in closed or semi-closed water bodies such as ponds and lakes. The device is particularly suitable for cleaning silt and fish excrement in scenarios such as earthen aquaculture ponds, ecological restoration waters, and factory-scale recirculating aquaculture systems. Background Art

[0002] The present invention relates to pond desilting and fish excrement treatment technology, and proposes a solution that is easy to operate, low in cost, and highly reliable, specifically to address the problems of low efficiency, high cost, and complex operation of traditional desilting methods.

[0003] (1) Artificial dredging. Artificial dredging is costly and can only clean surface silt. During the dredging process, stirring can easily lead to increased ammonia nitrogen in the water. The core problem of this dredging method is its low efficiency, and stirring of the bottom silt can easily lead to secondary pollution of the aquaculture water.

[0004] (2) Mechanical dredgers. Mechanical dredgers are relatively expensive to purchase and are suitable for dredging large water surfaces. Small and medium-sized aquaculture farmers have abandoned mechanized dredging due to the high cost, and this dredging method is not suitable for pond dredging. This dredging method is also prone to causing elevated ammonia nitrogen levels.

[0005] (3) Fixed sewage suction system. Fixed sewage suction systems are mostly used in factory farming. Mechanical valves and electric valves are prone to failure, and rubber seals, electric valves and other vulnerable parts need to be replaced frequently. Traditional equipment is difficult to work stably in earthen ponds.

[0006] This system addresses the inconvenient operation, poor sealing, and high labor costs associated with traditional systems. Compared to manual dredging or mechanical dredgers, it consumes less energy and requires less manpower. It effectively addresses the high failure rate and maintenance costs of fixed sewage suction systems, which often prevent them from operating reliably in earthen ponds. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, a device for collecting and sucking out pond sludge and fish excrement was invented.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a device for collecting and sucking out pond sludge and fish excrement, as shown in the figure, the device comprises:

[0009] Funnel-shaped collector: The inner wall is provided with a guide ring (11) and an anchor hole (13). The bottom drain outlet (12) is controlled to open and close by a ball valve (2) connected by a valve control rope (21). The funnel-shaped collector (1) is flush with the pool bottom (9) or slightly lower than the pool bottom (9). The reinforcement anchor (14) passes through the net fence fixing hole (16) and the anchor hole (13) to fix the net fence (15) and the collector (1). The reinforcement anchor (14) is connected to the The horizontal plane is fixed at an angle of 45 to 60 degrees. A fish-proof and stone-proof net fence (15) is provided at the horizontal funnel where the guide ring (11) and the anchor hole (13) of the collector (1) are located. The hole diameter is 3 to 5 mm. Four net fence fixing holes (16) through which anchor rods (14) can pass are left in the net fence (15) in accordance with the position of the anchor hole (13). The net fence (15) and the collector (1) are fixed together by the anchor rods (14).

[0010] Shore control system: The valve control rope (21) fixed on the upright pole (5) on the bank (8) is connected to the ball valve (2) to achieve rapid manual operation;

[0011] Pipeline system: A sewage suction pipe (3) assembled from corrosion-resistant pipe components is connected to at least a collector (1), and the end is connected to a sewage suction pump (4), and finally the sludge and fish excrement are discharged into a sludge collection ditch (6), and the other side is connected to a clean water filling hole (7);

[0012] Time-sharing sewage suction method: Utilize the synergistic effect of "aquaculture pond sludge self-sealing" and "mechanical sealing" to enhance sealing performance, and operate sequentially from the far end to the water pump end. Since the sludge is sealed on the ball of the funnel collector sewage outlet, it is more conducive to the water tightness of the suction and discharge pipes, ensuring that the suction force is not reduced. The density design of the ball valve (2) (2.0-3.5g / cm³) and the diameter interference (5-8% larger than the sewage outlet) enable it to adaptively fit the sewage outlet (12) under the sludge pressure, and form a double dynamic seal in combination with the attached sludge layer.

[0013] Through the construction of this device, the real-time collection and suction and discharge of pond sludge and fish excrement can be effectively implemented. The development of this device complies with the specific requirements of the "National Key Areas of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation (2024-2028)" issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in the field of agricultural machinery equipment development (the third key area) "Livestock, poultry and aquaculture equipment and operating robots such as manure and tailwater treatment". DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Example 1: Collector (1): diameter 2.5m, HDPE material, guide ring (11) inner diameter 15mm; Control system: vertical pole (5) height 1.8m; Operation process: Start the sewage suction pump (4), and from the far end, pull the ball valve (2) through the upper control valve rope (21) of the vertical pole (5) until it can no longer be pulled (the ball valve is fully open at this time). The interval time is determined by the sludge collection amount and the water pump flow rate. After the sewage is sucked out, release it and operate the subsequent collectors in turn. Set the water pump flow rate Q = 30m³ / h and the sewage collection volume V of the collector = 1.2m³. The theoretical sewage suction time t = \frac{1.2}{30}×60 = 2.4 minutes, and the actual time is 3 minutes. The anchor drill (14) is inserted into the anchor hole (13) and hammered into the mud, and the anchor drill is inserted into the depth of the stable soil layer at the bottom of the pool.

[0015] Example 2: The ball valve (2) is a hollow stainless steel ball filled with cement mortar. Before the cement solidifies, a stainless steel buckle for fixing the valve control rope is inserted.

[0016] Example 3: In the modified design for factory-scale breeding ponds, the distance between collectors is reduced to 1.5m, and the sewage suction cycle is 2.5min / collector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the collection and suction and discharge device (showing the positional relationship and spatial layout of the collector (1), the sewage suction pipe (3), the sewage suction pump (4), the clean water filling hole (7), the valve control rope (21), the vertical pole (5), and the anchor rod (14); Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the overall plan of the collection and suction and discharge device (showing the positional relationship and spatial layout of the collector (1), the sewage suction pipe (3), the sewage suction pump (4), the sludge collection ditch (6), the clean water filling hole (7), the pool bank (8), the net fence (15), and the valve control rope (21); Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of a partial area of ​​the collection and suction and discharge device (showing the positional relationship between the sewage suction pipe (3), collector (1), anchor rod (14), sludge collection ditch (6), net fence (15), valve control rope (21), vertical pole (5), and pool bank (8); Figure 4 : Side elevation of part of the collection and suction device area Figure 1 (Showing the positional relationship between the collector (1), the sewage suction pipe (3), the vertical pole (5), the sludge collection ditch (6), the pool bank (8), the pool bottom (9), the anchor rod (14), and the valve control rope (21), and showing a schematic diagram of the force applied to the valve control rope (21) in the shore operation scene); Figure 5 : Side elevation of part of the collection and suction device area Figure 2 (Showing the positional relationship between the pool bottom, collector (1), sewage suction pipe (3), vertical pole (5), pool bottom (9), anchor rod (14), and valve control rope (21)); Figure 6 : Cross-sectional view of the collector (showing the structure and positional relationship of the collector (1), ball valve (2), sewage suction pipe (3), guide ring (11), bottom sewage outlet (12), net fence (15), and valve control rope (21); Figure 7 : Cross-sectional view of the ball sealing structure and the anti-fish fence installation (showing the relationship between the thickness of the silt sealing layer (h3) and the force on the ball (water and silt pressure F and direction, the gravity G and direction of the ball raft (2)); showing the matching relationship between the fence (15), the fence fixing hole (16), the anchor hole (13), the collector (1) and the anchor (14); showing the relationship between the inner diameter (h1) of the sewage outlet (12) and the diameter (h2) of the ball valve (2), h2 / h1=1.05~1.08).

Claims

1. A device for collecting and sucking out pond sludge and fish excrement, characterized in that: include: At least one funnel-shaped collector (1), the inner wall of which is provided with a guide ring (11) and four symmetrically distributed anchor holes (13), and the bottom of which is provided with a sewage outlet (12), and the outlet of the funnel-shaped collector (1) is flush with the bottom of the pool (9), or slightly lower than the bottom of the pool (9); A ball valve (2) used as a valve is connected to and controls the opening and closing of a sewage outlet (12) through a valve control rope (21) passing through a guide ring (11). The valve control rope (21) is fixed to a vertical pole (5) erected on the edge of a pool bank (8). The density of the ball valve (2) is 2.0 to 3.5 g / cm³. The gravity of the ball valve and the traction force of the valve control rope (21) form a dynamic opening and closing system. The ball valve (2) and the sewage outlet (12) form a dynamic sealing system (an adaptive sealing interface based on silt pressure and the gravity of the ball valve). When the valve control rope (21) is in a relaxed state, sealing is achieved by relying on the gravity of the ball and the silt pressure. The silt layer attached to the surface of the ball valve (2) enhances the sealing performance of the sewage outlet (12). A sewage suction pipe (3) is connected to the sewage outlet (12) of each collector (1), one end of which is connected to the sewage suction pump (4) and then connected to the sludge collection ditch (6), and the other end is connected to the clean water filling hole (7); The reinforcement anchor bar (14) passes through the fence fixing hole (16) and the anchor hole (13) to fix the fence (15) and the collector (1), and the reinforcement anchor bar (14) is fixed at an angle of 45 to 60 degrees with the horizontal plane.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the vertical pole (5) is 1.5 to 2 meters, and the guide valve control rope (21) is tied to the vertical pole (5) at a position of 1.5 meters.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coordinated design of the ball valve (2) and the sewage outlet (12) enables the sludge attached to the ball valve (2) and the bottom of the collector to form an auxiliary sealing layer during operation.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the guide ring (11) is 5 to 8 mm larger than the diameter of the valve control rope (21), thereby limiting the displacement stroke of the ball valve (2).

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four anchor holes (13) are symmetrically arranged in the upper middle position of the funnel-shaped inner wall of the collector (1), and an anti-wear plastic sheath is embedded in the hole. The anti-wear plastic sheath is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with a wall thickness of 2.5±0.2 mm.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collector (1) has a taper angle of 55-65°, and an inner wall surface roughness Ra≤3.2 μm.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the ball valve (2) is 5 to 8% larger than the sewage outlet (12), forming an interference fit seal.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fish-proof and stone-proof net fence (15) with a hole diameter of 3 to 5 mm is provided at the horizontal funnel where the guide ring (11) and the anchor hole (13) of the collector (1) are located. Four net fence fixing holes (16) are provided on the net fence (15), and their positions correspond to the anchor holes (13) on the inner wall of the collector (1), so that the anchor rod (14) can pass through the net fence fixing holes (16) and the anchor hole (13) in sequence. The net fence (15) is rigidly pressed against the inner wall of the collector (1) through the anchor rod (14).

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clean water filling hole (7) is connected to an external low-temperature water source and is used to inject clean water 5 to 10°C lower than the pond water temperature into the vicinity of the collector (1), thereby helping the fish to safely survive the summer.

10. A time-sharing method for sucking and discharging pond sludge, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (a) Establishing a collector system: arranging the devices according to any one of claims 1 to 9 at intervals of 1.2 to 1.5 times the height of the pool bottom slope; (b) Start the water pump to create negative pressure; (c) In order from the far end to the water pump end, the valve control rope (21) is pulled one by one to open the ball valve (2) of the corresponding collector (1) to suck the sewage in a time-sharing manner. The interval time is determined by the sludge collection amount and the water pump flow rate.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that In step (c): the sewage suction time of a single collector is $t \geq\frac{V}{Q} \times 60$ minutes, where $V$ is the collector volume (unit: m³) and $Q$ is the water pump flow rate (unit: m³ / h).

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