Exploration equipment for hydrogeological engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to exploration equipment for hydrogeological engineering. Comprising a mounting cylinder, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting cylinder, a plurality of fixing plates evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are hinged to the other side of the mounting cylinder, transmission strips are hinged to the inner sides of the fixing plates, a middle connecting cylinder is arranged in the mounting cylinder, and the transmission strips are provided with supporting blocks. A soil layer on the inner wall of a drill hole is extruded through opening of the fixing plates, the density of the soil layer is increased, the supporting force of the inner wall of the drill hole to the fixing plates is improved, meanwhile, all the fixing plates are connected into a whole through a middle connecting cylinder and a transmission strip, and the extrusion force of shaking of a drill rod to local supporting blocks is dispersed to the circumferential direction of the drill hole; in this way, the effective constraint duration of the supporting block on the drill rod is prolonged, the reinforcing effect can be achieved by increasing the expanding amplitude of the fixing plate after constraint fails, the number of times of reinforcing operation is reduced, the reinforcing duration is shortened, and the geological exploration efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and in particular to an exploration device for hydrogeological engineering. Background Art

[0002] During hydrogeological exploration, drilling operations often face the problem of borehole trajectory deviation caused by complex geological conditions. Especially in unfavorable geological sections such as weak interlayers and fractured zones, the drill pipe system is susceptible to flexure and deformation due to uneven formation resistance, resulting in excessive borehole deflection. Existing technologies often use external stabilization devices, which radially constrain the drill pipe by installing a rigid guide sleeve at the borehole opening.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for securing the righting device: a rigid connection to the drill rig, and anchoring to the ground around the hole mouth via anchors. The first method is primarily suitable for large drilling rigs with stable support structures. However, large drilling rigs are generally not used in exploration operations to facilitate relocation. The second method, during soil drilling operations, often causes the ground anchor point to shift due to the leverage effect caused by the vigorous vibration of the drill pipe, leading to overall instability of the righting device and ultimately loss of effective control over the drill pipe. Loss of the righting mechanism's restraining function exacerbates the drilling deflection rate, resulting in trajectory control failure. It also generates non-uniform contact stress, accelerating drill tool wear and sleeve deformation. If operators observe the righting device shifting, they must stop the drill rig and reinforce it. This downtime not only wastes time but also significantly delays drilling progress due to the failure of the initial anchor point, requiring the search for a new anchor point and readjustment of the righting device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an exploration device for hydrogeological engineering, which overcomes the disadvantage that the existing external straightening device is difficult to provide effective restraint for the drill rod for a long time during soil drilling operation.

[0005] The technical solution is: an exploration equipment for hydrogeological engineering, including: a mounting tube, a connecting plate fixedly connected to one side of the mounting tube, a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed fixed plates hinged to the other side of the mounting tube, a transmission bar hinged to the inner side of the fixed plate, the transmission bar tilted outward from top to bottom, an intermediate tube is provided in the mounting tube, all the transmission bars are hinged to the side of the intermediate tube away from the connecting plate, the intermediate tube is used to swing the fixed plate by squeezing the transmission bar, a support block is provided at one end of the transmission bar close to the connecting plate, the support block is used to contact the side of the drill pipe and provide support for it, the intermediate tube is provided with mounting grooves near all the transmission bars, the mounting grooves are used for swinging the support blocks.

[0006] Furthermore, a power cylinder is rotatably connected in the installation cylinder, and the power cylinder is threadedly connected to the intermediate cylinder. The power cylinder is used to control the movement of the intermediate cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of accommodating grooves evenly distributed circumferentially are provided on the circumferential side of the installation cylinder, and the accommodating grooves are used to enhance the limiting effect of the soil layer around the installation cylinder on its circumferential rotation.

[0008] Furthermore, an extrusion slope is provided on a side of the installation cylinder away from the connecting plate, and all the fixing plates together form a frustum, and the outer diameter of the frustum gradually decreases in the direction from the connecting plate to the fixing plate.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: a limiting cylinder, which is threadedly connected to the middle connecting cylinder, and the limiting cylinder is rotatably connected to a limiting ring on the side away from the connecting plate, and the support block is rotatably connected to the adjacent middle connecting cylinder, and the limiting ring is used to squeeze the support block to limit the angle of the support block.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting ring is fixed with a rubber ring, the support block contacts the rubber ring, the lowest point of the rubber ring and the lowest point of the limiting ring are located in the same plane, and the rubber ring is used to lock the gap between adjacent support blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the transmission bar and the adjacent support block, and the torsion spring is used to keep the support block and the rubber ring in contact.

[0012] Furthermore, the support block is provided with ventilation holes, which facilitate the discharge of drill cuttings during the drilling process.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixing plate is provided with a plurality of stabilizing grooves, and the stabilizing grooves are used to increase the friction between the fixing plate and the soil layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the projections of the stabilizing grooves on all the fixing plates on a plane with the central axis of the mounting cylinder as a normal line form a plurality of circles, wherein the diameters of the circles are all smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder.

[0015] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: the present invention utilizes the expansion of the fixed plate to squeeze the soil layer on the inner wall of the borehole, increases the density of the soil layer, and improves the supporting force of the inner wall of the borehole on the fixed plate. At the same time, the intermediate tube and the transmission bar are used to connect all the fixed plates into one, and the extrusion force of the local support block caused by the shaking of the drill rod is dispersed to the circumference of the borehole, thereby extending the effective constraint time of the support block on the drill rod, and after the constraint fails, the expansion amplitude of the fixed plate can be increased to achieve the reinforcement effect, thereby reducing the number of reinforcement operations, reducing the reinforcement time, and improving the efficiency of geological exploration.

[0016] The accommodating groove is used to change the shape of the soil layer in contact with the installation cylinder, limiting the circumferential rotation of the installation cylinder, making it easier for operators to rotate the power cylinder. The extrusion slope and the fixing plate are used to facilitate the insertion of the installation cylinder and the fixing plate into the drill hole. At the same time, the soil layer at the drill hole is preliminarily squeezed, thereby improving the stability of the installation cylinder during the installation process and facilitating the operation of operators.

[0017] The rotational connection between the support block and the intermediate tube is used to separate the action of supporting the drill rod from the action of opening the fixed plate, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to environments with different densities of soil layers, and thus enabling the fixed plate to provide efficient and stable force for the installation tube in soil layers with different densities.

[0018] By providing a stabilizing groove, the friction between the fixing plate and the soil layer at the drill hole is increased without affecting the insertion of the fixing plate into the drill hole, thereby enhancing the stability of the fixing plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention when the fixing plate is in an expanded state; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the transmission bar and the middle connecting tube of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the connecting cylinder and the power cylinder in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the connecting tube and the limiting tube in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the support block and the limiting ring of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the installation tube, intermediate tube and power tube of the present invention.

[0020] Figure numbers: 1-installation cylinder, 101-accommodation groove, 102-extrusion slope, 2-connecting plate, 3-fixing plate, 301-stabilization groove, 4-transmission bar, 5-middle cylinder, 501-installation groove, 6-support block, 601-ventilation hole, 7-power cylinder, 8-limiting cylinder, 9-limiting ring, 10-rubber ring, 11-torsion spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. Example 1

[0022] This embodiment provides an exploration equipment for hydrogeological engineering, which is used to reduce the number of times the straightening device is reinforced, shorten the reinforcement operation time, and improve the efficiency of geological exploration.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 5The cam 2 is provided with two through holes for the anchor rods to pass through, and the lower side of the mounting tube 1 is hinged with six fixing plates 3 evenly distributed in the circumference. The middle part of the inner side of the fixing plate 3 is hinged with a transmission bar 4. The transmission bar 4 is always inclined in the direction close to the central axis of the mounting tube 1 from bottom to top, so that the lower part of the fixing plate 3 can be expanded outward; a middle connecting tube 5 is provided in the mounting tube 1, and the lower side of the middle connecting tube 5 is provided with six mounting grooves 501 evenly distributed in the circumference. The upper ends of all transmission bars 4 are hinged with the middle connecting tube 5, and the upper ends of the transmission bars 4 are located in adjacent mounting grooves 501. The upper end of the transmission bar 4 is provided with a support block 6, which swings in the adjacent mounting grooves 501. The inner side of the upper part of the support block 6 is provided with an arc surface, which facilitates the support block 6 to slide along the side of the drill pipe.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the connection relationship between the transmission bar 4 and the support block 6 can be regarded as a fixed connection, and this article takes the vertical drilling operation of the soil layer as an example for explanation.

[0025] The above arrangement can achieve the purpose of squeezing the soil layer on the inner wall of the borehole by expanding the fixed plate 3, increasing the density of the soil layer, and improving the supporting force of the inner wall of the borehole on the fixed plate 3, and using the intermediate tube 5 and the transmission bar 4 to connect the six fixed plates 3 into one, so as to disperse the squeezing force of the local support block 6 caused by the shaking of the drill rod to the circumference of the borehole, thereby extending the effective constraint time of the support block 6 on the drill rod; after the constraint fails, it is only necessary to increase the expansion amplitude of the fixed plate 3 to achieve the reinforcement effect, thereby reducing the number of reinforcement operations, reducing the reinforcement time, and improving the efficiency of geological exploration.

[0026] See also Figure 3-Figure 5 and Figure 7 The power cylinder 7 is rotatably connected to the installation cylinder 1. A groove is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the power cylinder 7. The operator uses a tool to clamp the groove of the power cylinder 7 to drive the power cylinder 7 to rotate. The power cylinder 7 is threadedly connected to the intermediate cylinder 5.

[0027] The above arrangement can be achieved by utilizing the threaded connection between the power cylinder 7 and the intermediate cylinder 5 to drive the intermediate cylinder 5 to move downward. On the one hand, the labor-saving characteristic of the thread is utilized to facilitate the expansion of the fixed plate 3. On the other hand, the self-locking characteristic of the thread is utilized to lock the angle of the fixed plate 3 during the drilling process.

[0028] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The circumferential side of the mounting cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of accommodating grooves 101 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the projection of the accommodating grooves 101 on the horizontal plane is an arc; the lower side of the outer circumference of the mounting cylinder 1 is provided with an extrusion slope 102, and in the direction from top to bottom, the distance between the extrusion slope 102 and the central axis of the mounting cylinder 1 gradually decreases, and the six fixing plates 3 together form a frustum, and in the direction from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the above-mentioned frustum gradually decreases, and the minimum diameter of the above-mentioned frustum is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder 1.

[0029] The above arrangement can realize that the shape of the soil layer in contact with the installation cylinder 1 is changed by utilizing the accommodating groove 101, the circumferential rotation of the installation cylinder 1 is restricted, and the operator is facilitated to rotate the power cylinder 7. The extrusion slope 102 and the fixing plate 3 are utilized to facilitate the installation cylinder 1 and the fixing plate 3 to be inserted into the drill hole, and at the same time, the soil layer at the drill hole is preliminarily squeezed, thereby improving the stability of the installation cylinder 1 during the installation process and facilitating the operation of the operator.

[0030] The drilling workflow after adopting the above settings is as follows: in the hydrogeological exploration operation, the drilling operation location is determined, and then a small drilling rig is used to drill a mounting hole at the drilling location. The inner diameter of the mounting hole is equal to the inner diameter of the mounting tube 1, and the depth of the mounting hole is greater than the total height of the mounting tube 1 and the fixing plate 3; the operator inserts the device into the mounting hole, so that the truncated cone surrounded by the six fixing plates 3 moves into the mounting hole. During this process, the middle of the outer side of the six fixing plates 3 contacts the upper edge of the mounting hole. At this time, the operator applies a downward extrusion force to the mounting tube 1, so that the mounting tube 1 pushes the six fixing plates 3 to continue to move downward. The six fixing plates 3 squeeze the inner wall of the mounting hole, thereby increasing the density of the soil layer at the mounting hole. After the upper ends of the six fixing plates 3 enter the mounting hole, the mounting tube 1 continues to squeeze the inner wall of the mounting hole by relying on the extrusion slope 102, further increasing the density of the soil layer at the mounting hole. At the same time, all the receiving grooves 101 guide the shape of the inner wall of the mounting hole to change until the connecting plate 2 contacts the ground, and then the movement of the mounting tube 1 stops.

[0031] After the installation tube 1 stops moving, the operator anchors the connecting plate 2 to the ground and inserts the drill rod into the installation tube 1. The drill rod passes through the installation tube 1, the intermediate tube 5 and the power tube 7. The drill bit contacts the bottom side of the installation hole. At this time, the insertion of the drill rod is stopped.

[0032] After the drill rod stops moving, the operator uses a tool to rotate the power cylinder 7 so that the power cylinder 7 rotates relative to the installation cylinder 1. The installation cylinder 1 remains stationary due to the limiting effect of the soil layer in the receiving groove 101. The power cylinder 7 moves downward through the threaded transmission tube 5, and the intermediate tube 5 pushes the upper end of the transmission bar 4 and the support block 6 to move downward, so that the transmission bar 4 swings. During the swinging process of the transmission bar 4, the transmission bar 4 pushes the adjacent fixed plates 3 to swing, so that the six fixed plates 3 are opened together (refer to Figure 2), during the opening process of the fixing plate 3, the fixing plate 3 continuously squeezes the inner wall of the support hole, further enhancing the density of the soil layer at the support hole.

[0033] During the swinging process of the transmission bar 4, the transmission bar 4 drives the support block 6 to swing, so that the upper end of the support block 6 gradually approaches the peripheral side of the drill rod, and finally the support block 6 contacts the peripheral side of the drill rod. At this time, the operator adjusts the position of the drill rod and the small drilling rig so that the drill rod and the installation tube 1 are coaxial. At this time, the power cylinder 7 is continued to be rotated to make the intermediate tube 5 continue to squeeze the support block 6 to swing. Until all six support blocks 6 are in contact with the peripheral side of the drill rod, the power cylinder 7 is stopped. At this point, the installation of the device is completed. At this time, the operator starts the small drilling rig and performs drilling operations.

[0034] During the drilling operation, the shaking of the drill rod will cause squeezing of the six support blocks 6. Since the intermediate tube 5 connects the mounting tube 1, the fixed plate 3, the transmission bar 4 and the support block 6 as a whole, the squeezing force on the support block 6 will be transmitted to the mounting hole through the fixed plate 3. The supporting effect of the mounting hole on the fixed plate 3 will consume the squeezing force of the drill rod on the support block 6, and the anchoring effect of the connecting plate 2 will be used to maintain the overall stability of the device.

[0035] During the long drilling operation, the drill rod continues to shake, causing the support hole to continuously consume the extrusion force transmitted to it by the fixed plate 3, resulting in the gradual enlargement of the support hole, that is, a gap is generated between the support hole and the fixed plate 3; during the operation, the operator regularly observes the status of the installation cylinder 1. When the installation cylinder 1 is observed to shake, the drilling rig is stopped, and the power cylinder 7 is rotated by the tool again to increase the opening amplitude of the fixed plate 3, thereby eliminating the gap between the fixed plate 3 and the support hole, so that the support hole can continue to provide support force for the fixed plate 3.

[0036] After the drilling operation is completed, the operator uses a tool to reversely rotate the power cylinder 7, so that the power cylinder 7 moves up through the threaded transmission tube 5, and repeats the above-mentioned steps of moving the middle tube 5 downward in reverse, that is, the middle tube 5 drives the six fixed plates 3 to retract through the transmission bar 4, and the transmission support block 6 loses contact with the side wall of the drill pipe. At this time, the operator pulls the drill pipe out of the drill hole and releases the anchoring of the connecting plate 2 to the ground. Then the operator pulls the installation cylinder 1 and the fixed plate 3 out of the installation hole. Example 2

[0037] This embodiment provides an exploration device for hydrogeological engineering, which provides the function of adapting to soil layers of different densities based on the first embodiment.

[0038] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4-Figure 7, also includes: a limiting cylinder 8, which is threadedly connected to the inner side of the middle connecting cylinder 5. The upper part of the inner side of the limiting cylinder 8 is provided with a plurality of grooves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The above grooves are used for the operator to use a tool to drive the limiting cylinder 8 to rotate. The lower side of the limiting cylinder 8 is rotatably connected to the limiting ring 9. The limiting ring 9 is composed of two symmetrically distributed parts. (Refer to Figure 6 ) An annular groove is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the limiting ring 9, and an annular ridge is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the limiting cylinder 8. The annular groove of the limiting ring 9 cooperates with the annular ridge of the limiting cylinder 8 to realize the rotational connection between the two. The support block 6 is rotationally connected to the adjacent intermediate cylinder 5 and contacts with the adjacent transmission bar 4.

[0039] The above setting can achieve the separation of the action of supporting the drill rod and the action of opening the fixed plate 3 by utilizing the rotational connection between the support block 6 and the intermediate tube 5, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to the environment of soil layers with different densities, and thus enabling the fixed plate 3 to provide efficient and stable force for the installation tube 1 in soil layers with different densities.

[0040] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 A torsion spring 11 is fixedly connected between the transmission bar 4 and the adjacent support block 6. The torsion spring 11 is initially in a power storage state and always has a tendency to make the support block 6 swing from bottom to top and outward.

[0041] The above arrangement enables the torsion spring 11 to limit the angle of the support block 6 , thereby facilitating the drill rod to pass through the mounting tube 1 .

[0042] After the drill bit 3 is opened, the operator stops rotating the power cylinder 7 and inserts the drill rod into the installation cylinder 1. Then, the operator uses a tool to rotate the power cylinder 7, and the power cylinder 7 drives the intermediate cylinder 5 to move downward. The intermediate cylinder 5 drives the limiting cylinder 8, the limiting ring 9, the upper end of the transmission bar 4 and the support block 6 to move downward together, so that the transmission bar 4 swings and pushes the adjacent fixed plate 3 to open. During the swinging of the transmission bar 4, the support block 6 is always in contact with the limiting ring 9 under the action of the torsion spring 11. Since the relative position of the limiting ring 9 and the intermediate cylinder 5 remains unchanged, the angle of the support block 6 relative to the horizontal plane remains unchanged. After the fixed plate 3 is opened, the operator stops rotating the power cylinder 7 and inserts the drill rod into the installation cylinder 1. Then, the operator uses a tool to rotate the limiting cylinder 8, so that the limiting cylinder 8 moves downward relative to the intermediate cylinder 5, and the limiting cylinder 8 drives the limiting ring 9 to move downward.

[0043] During the downward movement of the limit ring 9, the limit ring 9 squeezes the six support blocks 6 and twists the torsion spring 11, causing the support block 6 to swing from bottom to top toward the inner side of the middle connecting tube 5. The distance between the upper part of the support block 6 and the peripheral side of the drill pipe gradually decreases, and finally the support block 6 contacts the peripheral side of the drill pipe. At this time, the operator stops rotating the limit tube 8 and starts drilling operations.

[0044] During the drilling operation, if the installation tube 1 shakes, stop the drilling rig and use the tool to rotate the power tube 7, repeat the above steps, so that the power tube 7 drives the intermediate tube 5, the limit tube 8, the limit ring 9, the upper end of the transmission bar 4 and the support block 6 to move downward together, and the intermediate tube 5 drives the fixed plate 3 to be stretched outward through the transmission bar 4. At the same time, the intermediate tube 5 and the power tube 7 drive the support block 6 to slide downward along the side wall of the drill pipe until the fixed plate 3 is re-fitted with the support hole, and then stop rotating the power tube 7.

[0045] After the drilling operation is completed, the operator first uses a tool to reversely rotate the limit cylinder 8. The limit cylinder 8 drives the limit ring 9 to move upward. The support block 6 swings from bottom to top toward the outside of the middle tube 5 under the action of the torsion spring 11, so that the support block 6 loses contact with the drill rod and resets relative to the middle tube 5. The operator stops rotating the limit cylinder 8 and pulls out the drill rod. Then, the operator uses a tool to reversely rotate the power cylinder 7 and repeats the above-mentioned reverse rotation steps of the power cylinder 7 to retract the fixing plate 3 and pull the mounting cylinder 1 and the fixing plate 3 out of the mounting hole. Example 3

[0046] This embodiment provides an exploration device for hydrogeological engineering, which maintains the stability of the support block 6 while supporting the drill rod on the basis of the second embodiment.

[0047] See also Figure 5-Figure 7 A rubber ring 10 is fixed to the inner side of the limiting ring 9, the support block 6 is in contact with the rubber ring 10, and the lowest point of the rubber ring 10 and the lowest point of the limiting ring 9 are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0048] The above arrangement can achieve the purpose of locking the gap between adjacent support blocks 6 by utilizing the deformation of the rubber ring 10, thereby reducing the influence of the friction between the drill rod and the support block 6 on the structural strength of the support block 6; in the process of the limit ring 9 moving downward, the limit ring 9 drives the rubber ring 10 to move downward together, and the rubber ring 10 squeezes the support block 6. When the support block 6 swings to contact the drill rod, the limit ring 9 and the rubber ring 10 continue to move downward. At this time, the rubber ring 10 is squeezed and deformed by the support block 6, and finally the support block 6 contacts the limit ring 9. The limit ring 9 rigidly limits the support block 6, and at the same time, the rubber ring 10 is squeezed out of a groove by the support block 6, and the rubber ring 10 is used to limit the two sides of the support block 6, thereby consuming the squeezing force caused by the unidirectional friction force of the drill rod on the support block 6. Example 4

[0049] This embodiment provides an exploration device for hydrogeological engineering, which is further optimized based on Example 3.

[0050] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 A ventilation hole 601 is provided in the middle of the support block 6, and the ventilation hole 601 facilitates the discharge of drill cuttings during the drilling process.

[0051] The above arrangement can realize that the projection area of ​​the support block 6 on the horizontal plane during the process of supporting the drill rod is reduced by using the ventilation holes 601, so that the debris generated during the drilling process can be discharged outwards. Example 5

[0052] This embodiment provides an exploration device for hydrogeological engineering, which is further optimized based on Example 3.

[0053] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 Five horizontal arc-shaped stabilizing grooves 301 are provided in the middle and lower part of the fixing plate 3. The projections of the stabilizing grooves 301 on all the fixing plates 3 on the plane with the central axis of the mounting cylinder 1 as the normal form multiple circles, wherein the diameters of the above circles are all smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder 1.

[0054] The above arrangement can achieve, by providing the stabilizing groove 301 , increasing the friction between the fixing plate 3 and the soil layer at the drill hole without affecting the insertion of the fixing plate 3 into the drill hole, thereby enhancing the stability of the fixing plate 3 .

[0055] During the process of inserting the fixing plate 3 into the mounting hole, since the diameter of the mounting hole is equal to the inner diameter of the mounting tube 1, the stabilizing groove 301 does not contact the mounting hole during the downward insertion of the fixing plate 3, thereby avoiding the stabilizing groove 301 from hindering the insertion process; after the fixing plate 3 is inserted into place, as the fixing plate 3 is expanded, the five stabilizing grooves 301 contact the supporting holes in sequence from top to bottom, and the stabilizing grooves 301 are used to increase the friction between the fixing plate 3 and the soil layer, thereby offsetting the upward reaction force of the soil layer on the fixing plate 3 during the process of the fixing plate 3 expanding and squeezing the soil layer, thereby improving the stability of the fixing plate 3 during the expansion process.

[0056] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A survey equipment for hydrogeological engineering, characterized in that: include: A mounting tube (1) is provided, wherein one side of the mounting tube (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (2), and the other side of the mounting tube (1) is hinged to a plurality of fixed plates (3) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the inner side of the fixed plate (3) is hinged to a transmission bar (4), and the transmission bar (4) is inclined outward from top to bottom. A middle connecting tube (5) is provided in the mounting tube (1), and all the transmission bars (4) are hinged to a side of the middle connecting tube (5) away from the connecting plate (2), and the middle connecting tube (5) is used to swing the fixed plate (3) by squeezing the transmission bar (4). A support block (6) is provided at one end of the transmission bar (4) close to the connecting plate (2), and the support block (6) is used to contact the side of the drill rod and provide support for it. The middle connecting tube (5) is provided with a mounting groove (501) at positions close to all the transmission bars (4), and the mounting groove (501) is used to allow the support block (6) to swing.

2. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power cylinder (7) is rotatably connected in the installation cylinder (1), and the power cylinder (7) is threadedly connected to the intermediate cylinder (5). The power cylinder (7) is used to control the movement of the intermediate cylinder (5).

3. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of accommodating grooves (101) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are provided on the peripheral side of the installation cylinder (1), and the accommodating grooves (101) are used to enhance the limiting effect of the soil layer surrounding the installation cylinder (1) on its circumferential rotation.

4. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: An extrusion slope (102) is provided on the side of the mounting cylinder (1) away from the connecting plate (2), and all the fixing plates (3) together form a truncated cone shape, and the outer diameter of the truncated cone gradually decreases in the direction from the connecting plate (2) to the fixing plate (3).

5. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A limiting cylinder (8) is threadedly connected to the intermediate cylinder (5); the limiting cylinder (8) is rotatably connected to a limiting ring (9) on a side away from the connecting plate (2); the support block (6) is rotatably connected to the adjacent intermediate cylinder (5); and the limiting ring (9) is used to squeeze the support block (6) to limit the angle of the support block (6).

6. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting ring (9) is fixedly connected with a rubber ring (10), the supporting block (6) is in contact with the rubber ring (10), the lowest point of the rubber ring (10) and the lowest point of the limiting ring (9) are located in the same plane, and the rubber ring (10) is used to lock the gap between adjacent supporting blocks (6).

7. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A torsion spring (11) is fixedly connected between the transmission bar (4) and the adjacent support block (6), and the torsion spring (11) is used to keep the support block (6) and the rubber ring (10) in contact.

8. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support block (6) is provided with a ventilation hole (601), and the ventilation hole (601) facilitates the discharge of drill cuttings during the drilling process.

9. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing plate (3) is provided with a plurality of stabilizing grooves (301), and the stabilizing grooves (301) are used to increase the friction between the fixing plate (3) and the soil layer.

10. The hydrogeological engineering exploration equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The projections of the stabilizing grooves (301) on all the fixing plates (3) on a plane with the central axis of the mounting cylinder (1) as a normal line form a plurality of circles, wherein the diameters of the circles are all smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder (1).

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