Construction site layout optimization method and system based on BIM and GIS

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM (Building Information Modeling) and GIS (Geographic Information System)-based construction site layout optimization method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring geographic information data of a target construction site by adopting a GIS technology; constructing an initial BIM model and a target BIM model, and determining a basic site layout and a plurality of temporary site layouts of the target construction site; and according to the basic site layout and the plurality of temporary site layouts, generating a construction site layout scheme of the target construction site in the whole construction period. The construction site is accurately modeled by combining the BIM and GIS technologies, the fixed layout of the infrastructure can be optimized and determined, and the position of the temporary facility can be dynamically adjusted according to the construction stage, so that the resource utilization efficiency and the construction efficiency of the construction site are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction engineering, and in particular to a construction site layout optimization method and system based on BIM and GIS. Background Art

[0002] During the construction process of a building project, the rationality of the construction site layout directly affects the construction efficiency and resource utilization efficiency. The existing construction site layout method mainly relies on the experience of the construction personnel for planning, and lacks an overall planning concept. In the actual construction process, due to the failure to fully consider the geographical environment characteristics of the site and the changes in demand at each stage of the construction cycle, it often leads to an unreasonable layout of infrastructure, which occupies the space used for construction operations. At the same time, the layout of temporary facilities is also relatively arbitrary and fails to be adjusted in time according to the construction progress, resulting in problems such as long material transportation routes and waste of site space. Therefore, the existing technology lacks an overall planning for the construction site layout, the infrastructure layout is difficult to reasonably determine, and it is impossible to reasonably and dynamically optimize the layout of temporary facilities according to the entire construction cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a construction site layout optimization method and system based on BIM and GIS, aiming to solve the technical problems in the existing technology that the construction site layout lacks overall planning, the infrastructure layout is difficult to reasonably determine, and the temporary facilities cannot be reasonably and dynamically optimized according to the entire construction cycle.

[0004] The first aspect disclosed in the present application provides a construction site layout optimization method based on BIM and GIS, the method comprising: acquiring geographic information data of a target construction site using GIS technology; constructing an initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data; acquiring an overall construction plan of the target construction site, and constructing a target BIM model of the target construction site based on the overall construction plan; determining a basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts of the target construction site based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model; and generating a construction site layout plan for the target construction site throughout the entire construction period based on the basic site layout and the multiple temporary site layouts.

[0005] Optionally, the geographic information data includes topographic features, site boundaries and surrounding environmental elements.

[0006] Optionally, constructing the initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data includes: establishing a terrain model of the target construction site based on the terrain and landform features, the terrain model reflecting the elevation and landform changes of the target construction site; delineating the construction area of ​​the target construction site on the terrain model according to the site boundary range; constraining the construction area based on the surrounding environmental factors; and integrating the terrain model, construction area and constraint annotations to generate the initial BIM model.

[0007] Optionally, based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model, the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts of the target construction site are determined, including: based on the target BIM model, determining the basic site layout of the target construction site, the basic site layout including fixed facilities throughout the entire construction cycle, and the entire construction cycle including multiple construction sub-cycles; based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model, generating temporary site layouts for each construction sub-cycle to obtain the multiple temporary site layouts.

[0008] Optionally, based on the target BIM model, the basic site layout of the target construction site is determined, including: obtaining basic area configuration requirements in the overall construction plan; calculating area parameters of each basic area based on the basic area configuration requirements, wherein the basic area is a fixed functional area throughout the entire construction cycle; extracting spatial constraint elements from the target BIM model, and generating the basic site layout based on the spatial constraint elements and the area parameters.

[0009] Optionally, calculating the area parameter of each basic area based on the basic area configuration requirement includes: obtaining the area parameter calculation formula as follows: ;in, is the area parameter of the foundation area, N is the construction personnel quota, K is the unit personnel allocation coefficient, is the functional area adjustment coefficient, , is the unit area of ​​the i-th type of fixed facilities, is the number of type i fixed facilities, M is the required spacing area between infrastructure facilities; the area parameter of each basic area is calculated according to the area parameter calculation formula and the basic area configuration requirements.

[0010] Optionally, generating a temporary site layout for each construction sub-cycle based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model includes: generating a transition BIM model for each construction sub-cycle based on the initial BIM model, the target BIM model and multiple construction sub-cycles; determining the construction operation area for each construction sub-cycle based on the transition BIM model, and generating a corresponding temporary site layout in combination with the construction goals of the corresponding construction sub-cycle.

[0011] Optionally, the construction work area of ​​each construction sub-cycle is determined based on the transition BIM model, and a corresponding temporary site layout is generated in combination with the construction goals of the corresponding construction sub-cycle, including: eliminating the area occupied by the basic site layout in the transition BIM model to obtain candidate areas that can be used for temporary site layout; determining the target construction area based on the construction goals of the construction sub-cycle; calculating the required material usage and mechanical equipment requirements according to the construction content of the target construction area; and generating a temporary site layout within the candidate area based on the material usage and the mechanical equipment requirements.

[0012] Optionally, within the candidate area, a temporary site layout is generated based on the material usage and the mechanical equipment requirements, including: calculating the area of ​​the material stacking area according to the material usage, and determining the area of ​​the mechanical operation area according to the mechanical equipment requirements; arranging the material stacking area and the mechanical operation area within the candidate area, and optimizing their positions based on the position of the target construction area to generate the temporary site layout.

[0013] Another aspect disclosed in the present application provides a construction site layout optimization system based on BIM and GIS, which includes: a geographic information acquisition module for acquiring geographic information data of a target construction site using GIS technology; an initial model construction module for constructing an initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data; a target model construction module for acquiring an overall construction plan of the target construction site and constructing a target BIM model of the target construction site based on the overall construction plan; a site layout generation module for determining a basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts of the target construction site based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model; and a layout scheme generation module for generating a construction site layout scheme of the target construction site throughout the entire construction period based on the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts.

[0014] To summarize, this application first uses GIS technology to obtain the geographic information data of the target construction site, which can accurately obtain the topography, surrounding environment and other geographic feature information of the construction site, providing basic data support for subsequent site layout optimization; then, based on the acquired geographic information data, an initial BIM model of the target construction site is constructed, and by converting the GIS data into a three-dimensional visualization model, the spatial characteristics of the construction site are intuitively displayed, which facilitates site layout planning; then, the overall construction plan of the target construction site is obtained, and a target BIM model of the target construction site is constructed based on the overall construction plan, so that the model can reflect the specific needs of the construction; then, based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model, the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts of the target construction site are determined; finally, based on the determined basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts, a construction site layout plan for the target construction site throughout the entire construction cycle is generated, and a corresponding site layout plan is given according to the construction characteristics and needs of each construction sub-cycle. Therefore, this application solves the technical problems in the existing technology that the layout of the construction site lacks overall planning, the layout of the infrastructure is difficult to reasonably determine, and the temporary facilities cannot be reasonably and dynamically optimized according to the entire construction cycle. It achieves the technical effect of combining BIM and GIS technology to accurately model the construction site, which can not only optimize the fixed layout of the infrastructure, but also dynamically adjust the location of temporary facilities according to the construction stage, thereby improving the resource utilization efficiency of the construction site and the construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A flow chart of a construction site layout optimization method based on BIM and GIS is provided for the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a construction site layout optimization system based on BIM and GIS is provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Description of reference numerals: 11. Geographic information collection module; 12. Initial model construction module; 13. Target model construction module; 14. Site layout generation module; 15. Layout plan generation module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The overall idea of ​​the technical solution provided by this application is as follows: The embodiment of the present application provides a method and system for optimizing the layout of a construction site based on BIM and GIS. First, GIS technology is used to obtain the geographic information data of the construction site to provide basic data support for subsequent layout optimization; then, an initial BIM model is constructed based on the geographic information data, and the GIS data is converted into a three-dimensional visualization model; thereafter, the overall construction plan is obtained and a target BIM model is constructed, and the construction plan information is integrated into the model; then, the basic site layout and the temporary site layout are determined based on the two BIM models, wherein the basic site layout is the location determination of fixed facilities, and the temporary site layout is the location planning of temporary facilities; finally, based on the determined basic site layout and temporary site layout, a site layout plan for the entire construction cycle is generated, and the layout requirements of each construction sub-cycle are targeted. Through the above technical solution, the overall planning and dynamic optimization of the construction site layout are realized, and the efficiency of site resource utilization and construction efficiency are effectively improved.

[0018] After introducing the basic principles of the present application, various non-limiting implementation methods of the present application will be specifically introduced in conjunction with the drawings in the specification.

[0019] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a construction site layout optimization system method based on BIM and GIS, the method comprising: S100: Use GIS technology to obtain geographic information data of the target construction site.

[0020] Specifically, GIS data collection methods such as satellite remote sensing and drone aerial photography are used to acquire geographic information data for the target construction site. A target construction site refers to a specific construction area where layout optimization is required; geographic information data refers to a collection of digital data reflecting the geographic spatial characteristics of the target construction site. For example, satellite remote sensing is first used to obtain macroscopic geographic information of the construction site, followed by drone aerial photography to obtain more detailed site information. Finally, professional GIS data processing software is used to organize and standardize the acquired data to form complete geographic information data.

[0021] By using GIS technology to obtain geographic information data, we can accurately grasp the geographic spatial characteristics of the target construction site, providing basic data support for the subsequent construction of the BIM model. Compared with existing technologies, using GIS technology to obtain geographic information data of the construction site can provide a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the geographical environment characteristics of the construction site, which is conducive to more reasonable site layout planning.

[0022] S200: Constructing an initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data.

[0023] Specifically, after acquiring geographic information data, BIM modeling technology is used to construct an initial BIM model of the target construction site. This initial BIM model refers to a three-dimensional information model constructed based on geographic information data that reflects the original geographic characteristics of the target construction site. First, a terrain model of the target construction site is established based on the topographic and geomorphic features. This terrain model can reflect the site's elevation and geomorphic changes. Then, the construction area is delineated on the terrain model based on the site's boundaries. Constraints are then annotated within the construction area based on surrounding environmental factors. Finally, the terrain model, construction area, and constraint annotations are integrated to generate a complete initial BIM model.

[0024] By building an initial BIM model, two-dimensional geographic information data is converted into a three-dimensional visualization model, intuitively displaying the spatial characteristics of the target construction site. Compared with existing technologies, this can present the geographical environment characteristics of the construction site in a more three-dimensional way, facilitating subsequent planning and optimization of the construction site layout.

[0025] S300: Obtaining a general construction plan of the target construction site, and constructing a target BIM model of the target construction site based on the general construction plan.

[0026] Specifically, first, a construction master plan containing information such as construction procedures, construction progress, and building structure is obtained, and a target BIM model is constructed based on this plan. The construction master plan refers to a systematic plan of the engineering content, construction sequence, and construction schedule for the entire construction project; the target BIM model refers to a complete building information model formed by integrating the construction master plan information into the initial BIM model. First, the building structure information from the construction master plan is imported into the initial BIM model. The model is then divided into phases based on the construction procedures and schedule. The corresponding construction information attributes are then added to the building components at each construction stage to form a target BIM model containing complete construction information.

[0027] By building a target BIM model, the overall construction plan can be organically combined with site geographic information, enabling visual management of the construction process. Compared to existing technologies, integrating the overall construction plan information into the BIM model allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the overall construction project situation, providing a more reliable data foundation for subsequent site layout optimization.

[0028] S400: Determine a basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts of the target construction site based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model.

[0029] Specifically, the site layout is planned at two levels: basic site layout and temporary site layout. The basic site layout refers to the layout of fixed facilities throughout the entire construction cycle, such as living quarters and office areas for construction workers. The temporary site layout refers to the layout of temporary facilities that change dynamically with the construction progress, such as material storage areas and machinery operation areas. First, the layout locations of fixed facilities such as workers' dormitories and canteens are determined based on the target BIM model to form the basic site layout. Then, based on the specific needs of different construction stages, the locations of temporary facilities required for each stage are determined, and the corresponding temporary site layouts are generated, resulting in multiple temporary site layouts.

[0030] By distinguishing between basic and temporary site layouts, the layout of temporary facilities can be flexibly adjusted to meet the needs of different construction phases while ensuring the stability of basic production and living facilities. Compared with traditional static site layouts, dynamic layouts can better meet the actual needs of each stage of the construction process and improve site utilization efficiency.

[0031] S500: Generating a construction site layout plan for the target construction site during the entire construction period according to the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts.

[0032] Specifically, after obtaining the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts, the basic site layout is integrated with the temporary site layouts for each construction sub-cycle to form a construction site layout plan for the entire construction cycle. The entire construction cycle refers to the entire period from the start of construction to completion, and the construction sub-cycles refer to the various construction phases within the entire construction cycle. First, the basic site layout is used as a fixed base map. Then, the temporary site layouts for each construction sub-cycle are sequentially overlaid according to the construction progress, forming site layout plans at different time points, thereby generating a complete and dynamic construction site layout plan.

[0033] The dynamic construction site layout ensures the stability of the infrastructure layout while enabling flexible adjustments to the temporary facility layout. Compared to existing technologies, this dynamic site layout solution can better adapt to the actual needs of each stage of the construction process, improve site utilization efficiency, reduce construction costs, and improve construction efficiency.

[0034] Furthermore, the geographic information data includes topographic features, site boundaries and surrounding environmental elements.

[0035] Specifically, geographic information data includes topographic features, site boundaries, and surrounding environmental factors. Topographic features refer to the natural characteristics of the target construction site, such as ground elevation, slope, and geological conditions; site boundaries refer to site boundary information, such as the construction red line and the scope of construction land; and surrounding environmental factors refer to factors such as buildings, roads, pipelines, and water systems surrounding the site that may affect the layout of the construction site. For example, when collecting data using GIS technology, the site's topographic mapping data is first obtained, followed by the determination of the construction site's boundaries. Finally, the surrounding environment is surveyed and recorded, thus forming complete geographic information data.

[0036] By segmenting geographic information data, we can more comprehensively and systematically understand the geographical characteristics of the target construction site. Compared with existing technologies, this multi-dimensional data collection method can provide more detailed data support for subsequent BIM modeling and site layout optimization.

[0037] Furthermore, constructing an initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data includes: S210: Establishing a terrain model of the target construction site based on the terrain and landform features, wherein the terrain model reflects the elevation and landform changes of the target construction site; S220: Delineating a construction area of ​​the target construction site on the terrain model according to the site boundary range; S230: Performing constraint marking on the construction area based on the surrounding environmental factors; S240: Integrate the terrain model, construction area, and constraint annotations to generate the initial BIM model.

[0038] In a feasible implementation, when constructing the initial BIM model of the target construction site based on geographic information data, first, a terrain model of the target construction site is established based on the terrain and landform features. The terrain model refers to a three-dimensional digital model that reflects the elevation and landform changes of the target construction site. Specifically, the elevation point data collected by GIS is used to construct the digital terrain of the target construction site through three-dimensional modeling software to form a three-dimensional model that can intuitively reflect the undulations of the site terrain, thereby obtaining a terrain model. Then, the construction area of ​​the target construction site is delineated on the terrain model according to the site boundary range. The construction area refers to the range that can actually be used for construction marked on the terrain model. Specifically, boundary information such as construction red lines and land boundaries are superimposed on the terrain model to clearly identify the area where construction operations can be carried out and determine the construction area.

[0039] Next, constraints are annotated for the construction area based on the surrounding environmental factors. Constraint annotation refers to the identification of surrounding factors that affect the layout of the construction site. For example, surrounding buildings, roads, underground pipelines, and other environmental elements are annotated in the model to reflect the restrictions they impose on the construction site layout. The terrain model, construction area, and constraint annotations are then integrated to generate an initial BIM model, a complete 3D information model that includes terrain features, site boundaries, and environmental constraints.

[0040] By building an initial BIM model, we achieved the transformation from two-dimensional geographic information to a three-dimensional information model. Compared with existing technologies, this step-by-step approach to building the initial BIM model allows for a more systematic integration of various geographic information into the BIM model, providing a reliable model foundation for subsequent site layout optimization.

[0041] Furthermore, based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model, determining a basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts of the target construction site includes: S410: Determine a basic site layout of the target construction site based on the target BIM model, where the basic site layout includes fixed facilities throughout the entire construction period, where the entire construction period includes multiple construction sub-periods; S420: Generating a temporary site layout for each construction sub-period based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model to obtain the multiple temporary site layouts.

[0042] In one feasible implementation, when determining the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts for the target construction site based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model, the basic site layout of the target construction site is first determined based on the target BIM model. This basic site layout includes fixed facilities throughout the entire construction cycle. These fixed facilities typically serve as living and office spaces for construction workers, such as worker dormitories, construction management offices, and cafeterias. The entire construction cycle is divided into multiple construction sub-cycles, and the locations of these fixed facilities remain unchanged in each sub-cycle to ensure stability for construction workers' living and management work. Then, based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model, a temporary site layout is generated for each construction sub-cycle, resulting in multiple temporary site layouts. The temporary site layout is dynamically adjusted as construction progresses and primarily includes material storage areas, machinery and equipment parking areas, temporary processing areas, and the like. For each construction sub-cycle, the location of temporary facilities must be rationally planned based on the construction content and requirements of that phase to improve construction efficiency and reduce material and equipment turnover distances.

[0043] By combining basic site layout with temporary site layout, we can ensure the stability of the fixed facility layout while enabling flexible adjustment of the temporary facility layout, thereby improving the overall utilization efficiency of the construction site. This dynamic planning method has advantages over traditional static site layout methods and can better adapt to the actual needs of different construction stages.

[0044] Furthermore, based on the target BIM model, determining the basic site layout of the target construction site includes: S411: Obtain basic area configuration requirements in the overall construction plan; S412: Calculating area parameters of each foundation area based on the foundation area configuration requirements, wherein the foundation area is a fixed functional area throughout the entire construction period; S413: Extracting spatial constraint elements from the target BIM model, and generating the basic site layout according to the spatial constraint elements and the area parameters.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, when determining the basic site layout of the target construction site based on the target BIM model, first, the basic area configuration requirements in the overall construction plan are obtained. The basic area configuration requirements include planning information such as the specific configuration standards, position relationship requirements, and safety distances of various fixed facilities, providing an important basis for determining the basic site layout. Then, the area parameters of each basic area are calculated based on the basic area configuration requirements. Among them, the basic area refers to the fixed functional area throughout the entire construction cycle, such as living areas, office areas, etc. The calculation of the area parameters needs to take into account multiple factors such as the number of construction personnel, the number of equipment, and the usage function, so as to determine the required area size of each area. Subsequently, spatial constraint elements are extracted from the target BIM model, and the basic site layout is generated based on the spatial constraint elements and area parameters. Spatial constraint elements include limiting factors such as terrain conditions, site boundaries, and safety distances. When generating the layout, both the area requirements and spatial constraints must be met to ensure that the basic site layout meets both the usage requirements and the actual site conditions, thereby generating the basic site layout.

[0046] By generating a basic site layout, stable fixed facilities are provided for the entire construction period, effectively improving the rationality and accuracy of site planning.

[0047] Furthermore, the area parameters of each basic area are calculated based on the basic area configuration requirements, including: S4121: The calculation formula for obtaining area parameters is: ; in, is the area parameter of the foundation area, N is the construction personnel quota, K is the unit personnel allocation coefficient, is the functional area adjustment coefficient, 0.8≤α≤1.2, is the unit area of ​​the i-th type of fixed facilities, is the number of fixed facilities of type i, M is the necessary spacing area between infrastructure facilities; S4122: Calculate the area parameter of each basic area according to the area parameter calculation formula and in combination with the basic area configuration requirements.

[0048] Specifically, when calculating the area parameters of each basic area based on the basic area configuration requirements, first, obtain the area parameter calculation formula. The area parameter calculation formula is: ; in, is the area parameter of the basic area, such as living area, office area, etc., among which the living area includes workers' dormitory, canteen, bathroom, toilet, entertainment room and other living facilities; the office area includes project department office, conference room, data room, owner representative office, reception room and other office facilities. N is the construction personnel quota, K is the unit personnel allocation coefficient, is the functional area adjustment coefficient, and its value range is 0.8≤α≤1.2. is the unit area of ​​the i-th type of fixed facilities, is the number of type i fixed facilities, and M is the necessary spacing area between infrastructure facilities.

[0049] Subsequently, the area parameters of each basic area are calculated based on the area parameter calculation formula, combined with the basic area configuration requirements. For each basic area, the corresponding calculation parameters are first obtained from the basic area configuration requirements, including the construction personnel quota, unit personnel configuration coefficient, functional area adjustment coefficient, and parameter values ​​such as the unit area and quantity of various fixed facilities. These parameters are then substituted into the area parameter calculation formula to obtain the specific area value required for the basic area. Taking the area parameter calculation of workers' dormitories as an example, basic parameters such as the construction personnel quota and the per capita living area coefficient are required, as well as the area parameters of fixed facilities such as beds and lockers. Finally, the total area of ​​the workers' dormitories is calculated. The same calculation method is used for other basic areas such as canteens and offices, ultimately determining the area parameters of each basic area.

[0050] Furthermore, based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model, a temporary site layout for each construction sub-period is generated, including: S421: Generate a transition BIM model for each construction sub-cycle based on the initial BIM model, the target BIM model, and multiple construction sub-cycles; S422: Determine the construction work area of ​​each construction sub-period based on the transitional BIM model, and generate a corresponding temporary site layout in combination with the construction objectives of the corresponding construction sub-period.

[0051] Specifically, first, a transitional BIM model is generated for each construction sub-cycle based on the initial BIM model, the target BIM model, and multiple construction sub-cycles. This transitional BIM model reflects the phased state of the construction site during each construction sub-cycle, embodying the dynamic process of transition from the initial state to the target state. Each construction sub-cycle corresponds to a specific transitional BIM model, which contains information about the site's current status and construction objectives for that phase. Then, the construction work areas for each construction sub-cycle are determined based on the transitional BIM model, and the corresponding temporary site layout is generated based on the construction objectives of the corresponding construction sub-cycle. By analyzing the transitional BIM model, the specific location and scope of the construction area for each construction sub-cycle can be determined. Based on the construction objectives for that phase, such as foundation construction and main structure construction, the corresponding temporary facility layout is planned, including the location and area of ​​temporary sites such as material storage areas and machinery operation areas.

[0052] By determining the temporary site layout based on the transitional BIM model, we can achieve dynamic optimization of the construction site layout and improve the efficiency of site resource utilization. Compared with traditional static layout methods, this method better adapts to the actual needs of each stage of the construction process.

[0053] Furthermore, the construction work area of ​​each construction sub-period is determined based on the transitional BIM model, and the corresponding temporary site layout is generated in combination with the construction objectives of the corresponding construction sub-period, including: S4221: Eliminate the area occupied by the basic site layout from the transitional BIM model to obtain a candidate area that can be used for the temporary site layout; S4222: Determine a target construction area based on the construction target of the construction sub-cycle; S4223: Calculating the required material consumption and mechanical equipment requirements based on the construction content of the target construction area; S4224: Generate a temporary site layout within the candidate area based on the material usage and the mechanical equipment requirements.

[0054] Specifically, when determining the construction work areas for each construction sub-cycle based on the transitional BIM model and generating the corresponding temporary site layout in combination with the construction objectives of the corresponding construction sub-cycle, first, for any construction sub-cycle, the area occupied by the basic site layout is eliminated from the transitional BIM model to obtain candidate areas that can be used for the temporary site layout. By removing the space occupied by fixed facilities such as workers' dormitories and office areas from the transitional BIM model, site areas that can be flexibly arranged for temporary facilities are obtained. Then, based on the construction objectives of the construction sub-cycle, the target construction area is determined. Based on the specific construction tasks of the current construction sub-cycle, such as foundation construction and main structure construction, the scope of the main construction area for this stage is clarified.

[0055] Subsequently, the required material and machinery requirements are calculated based on the construction content of the target construction area. By analyzing the construction content at that stage, resource requirements such as the quantity and specifications of building materials and the type and quantity of machinery are calculated. Then, within the candidate area, a temporary site layout is generated based on the material and machinery requirements. By comprehensively considering factors such as material storage requirements and the operating radius of machinery and equipment, the location and area of ​​temporary facilities are optimally arranged within the available site.

[0056] By gradually optimizing the temporary site layout method, efficient allocation of construction resources and rational utilization of site space are achieved. By dynamically adjusting the layout of temporary facilities, the actual needs of different construction stages can be effectively met.

[0057] Furthermore, within the candidate area, a temporary site layout is generated based on the material usage and the mechanical equipment requirements, including: S42241: Calculate the area of ​​the material storage area based on the material usage, and determine the area of ​​the mechanical operation area based on the mechanical equipment requirements; S42242: Arrange the material storage area and the mechanical operation area within the candidate area, and optimize their positions based on the position of the target construction area to generate the temporary site layout.

[0058] Specifically, the area of ​​the material storage area is first calculated based on the material usage, and the area of ​​the mechanical operation area is determined based on the mechanical equipment requirements. The floor space of the material storage area is calculated using parameters such as the material volume, stacking height, and stacking coefficient. The required area of ​​the mechanical operation area is determined based on technical parameters such as the model, quantity, and operating radius of the mechanical equipment. The material storage area and mechanical operation area are then arranged within the candidate area and optimized based on the location of the target construction area to generate a temporary site layout. Factors such as material transportation distance and the operating range of the mechanical equipment must be considered during the layout, ensuring that temporary facilities are as close to the target construction area as possible to reduce transportation distances during construction and improve construction efficiency.

[0059] By accurately calculating the space required for materials and machinery, and optimizing their locations within the target construction area, we achieve a scientific and rational layout of temporary facilities. This approach can effectively reduce construction costs and improve efficiency.

[0060] In summary, the construction site layout optimization method based on BIM and GIS provided in the embodiments of the present application has the following technical effects: GIS technology is used to obtain geographic information data for the target construction site. This information is captured and recorded through GIS technology, providing foundational data for site layout planning. An initial BIM model of the target construction site is constructed based on this geographic information data. This data is then converted into a 3D visualization BIM model, visually displaying the site's spatial characteristics and environmental constraints, providing a visual reference for subsequent layout planning. A construction master plan for the target construction site is obtained, and based on this master plan, a target BIM model of the target construction site is constructed. Construction plan requirements are integrated into the BIM model, ensuring that the model not only incorporates geographic spatial information but also construction requirements, providing a comprehensive reference for layout optimization. Based on the initial and target BIM models, the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts for the target construction site are determined. By comparing and analyzing the initial model containing geographic information and the target model containing construction requirements, the locations of fixed facilities (such as worker housing and canteens) are rationally determined, and the layout of temporary facilities (such as material storage areas) for different construction phases is planned. Based on the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts, a construction site layout plan for the target construction site throughout the entire construction cycle is generated. The entire construction cycle includes multiple construction sub-cycles. The determined infrastructure layout and temporary facility layout are integrated into a complete site layout plan, and corresponding layout plans are formulated for each sub-cycle in the construction cycle to achieve full-cycle layout optimization.

[0061] Example 2 is based on the same inventive concept as the construction site layout optimization method based on BIM and GIS in the previous embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a construction site layout optimization system based on BIM and GIS, the system comprising: Geographic information acquisition module 11, used to obtain geographic information data of the target construction site using GIS technology; An initial model building module 12 is configured to build an initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data; A target model building module 13 is configured to obtain a construction master plan of the target construction site and build a target BIM model of the target construction site based on the construction master plan; a site layout generating module 14 for determining a basic site layout and a plurality of temporary site layouts of the target construction site based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model; The layout scheme generating module 15 is configured to generate a construction site layout scheme for the target construction site during the entire construction period based on the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts.

[0062] Furthermore, the geographic information data includes topographic features, site boundaries and surrounding environmental elements.

[0063] Furthermore, the initial model building module 12 is also used to: Establishing a terrain model of the target construction site based on the terrain and landform features, wherein the terrain model reflects the elevation and landform changes of the target construction site; Delineating a construction area of ​​the target construction site on the terrain model according to the site boundary range; Performing constraint marking on the construction area based on the surrounding environmental factors; The terrain model, construction area and constraint annotations are integrated to generate the initial BIM model.

[0064] Furthermore, the site layout generation module 14 is further configured to: Determining a basic site layout of the target construction site based on the target BIM model, the basic site layout including fixed facilities throughout an entire construction period, the entire construction period including a plurality of construction sub-periods; Based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model, a temporary site layout for each construction sub-period is generated to obtain the multiple temporary site layouts.

[0065] Furthermore, the site layout generation module 14 is further configured to: Obtain basic area configuration requirements from the overall construction plan; Calculating area parameters of each foundation area based on the foundation area configuration requirements, wherein the foundation area is a fixed functional area throughout the entire construction period; Extracting spatial constraint elements from the target BIM model, and generating the basic site layout according to the spatial constraint elements and the area parameters.

[0066] Furthermore, the site layout generation module 14 is further configured to: The calculation formula for obtaining area parameters is: ; in, is the area parameter of the foundation area, N is the construction personnel quota, K is the unit personnel allocation coefficient, is the functional area adjustment coefficient, 0.8≤α≤1.2, is the unit area of ​​the i-th type of fixed facilities, is the number of fixed facilities of type i, M is the necessary spacing area between infrastructure facilities; The area parameter of each basic area is calculated according to the area parameter calculation formula and combined with the basic area configuration requirements.

[0067] Furthermore, the site layout generation module 14 is further configured to: Generating a transition BIM model for each construction sub-cycle according to the initial BIM model, the target BIM model, and a plurality of construction sub-cycles; The construction operation area of ​​each construction sub-period is determined based on the transitional BIM model, and the corresponding temporary site layout is generated in combination with the construction objectives of the corresponding construction sub-period.

[0068] Furthermore, the site layout generation module 14 is further configured to: Eliminating the area occupied by the basic site layout in the transitional BIM model to obtain candidate areas that can be used for the temporary site layout; determining a target construction area based on the construction target of the construction sub-cycle; Calculate the required material consumption and mechanical equipment requirements based on the construction content of the target construction area; In the candidate area, a temporary site layout is generated based on the material usage and the mechanical equipment requirements.

[0069] Furthermore, the site layout generation module 14 is further configured to: Calculate the area of ​​the material storage area based on the material usage, and determine the area of ​​the mechanical operation area based on the mechanical equipment requirements; The material storage area and the mechanical operation area are arranged within the candidate area, and their positions are optimized based on the position of the target construction area to generate the temporary site layout.

[0070] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction site layout optimization method based on BIM and GIS, characterized in that: include: Use GIS technology to obtain geographic information data of the target construction site; Constructing an initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data; Obtaining a construction master plan of the target construction site, and constructing a target BIM model of the target construction site based on the construction master plan; determining a basic site layout and a plurality of temporary site layouts of the target construction site based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model; A construction site layout plan for the target construction site during the entire construction period is generated based on the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The geographic information data includes topographic features, site boundaries and surrounding environmental elements.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The constructing of the initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data includes: Establishing a terrain model of the target construction site based on the terrain and landform features, wherein the terrain model reflects the elevation and landform changes of the target construction site; Delineating a construction area of ​​the target construction site on the terrain model according to the site boundary range; Performing constraint marking on the construction area based on the surrounding environmental factors; The terrain model, construction area and constraint annotations are integrated to generate the initial BIM model.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Determining a basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts of the target construction site based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model includes: Determining a basic site layout of the target construction site based on the target BIM model, the basic site layout including fixed facilities throughout an entire construction period, the entire construction period including a plurality of construction sub-periods; Based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model, a temporary site layout for each construction sub-period is generated to obtain the multiple temporary site layouts.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Determining a basic site layout of the target construction site based on the target BIM model includes: Obtain basic area configuration requirements from the overall construction plan; Calculating area parameters of each foundation area based on the foundation area configuration requirements, wherein the foundation area is a fixed functional area throughout the entire construction period; Extracting spatial constraint elements from the target BIM model, and generating the basic site layout according to the spatial constraint elements and the area parameters.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Calculating area parameters of each basic area based on the basic area configuration requirements includes: The calculation formula for obtaining area parameters is: ； Among them, S is the area parameter of the basic area, N is the construction personnel quota, and K is the unit personnel allocation coefficient. is the functional area adjustment coefficient, 0.8≤α≤1.2, is the unit area of ​​the i-th type of fixed facilities, is the number of fixed facilities of type i, M is the necessary spacing area between infrastructure facilities; The area parameter of each basic area is calculated according to the area parameter calculation formula and combined with the basic area configuration requirements.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Generating a temporary site layout for each construction sub-period based on the initial BIM model and the target BIM model includes: Generating a transition BIM model for each construction sub-cycle according to the initial BIM model, the target BIM model, and a plurality of construction sub-cycles; The construction operation area of ​​each construction sub-period is determined based on the transitional BIM model, and the corresponding temporary site layout is generated in combination with the construction objectives of the corresponding construction sub-period.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The construction work area of ​​each construction sub-period is determined based on the transitional BIM model, and the corresponding temporary site layout is generated in combination with the construction objectives of the corresponding construction sub-period, including: Eliminating the area occupied by the basic site layout in the transitional BIM model to obtain candidate areas that can be used for the temporary site layout; determining a target construction area based on the construction target of the construction sub-cycle; Calculate the required material consumption and mechanical equipment requirements based on the construction content of the target construction area; In the candidate area, a temporary site layout is generated based on the material usage and the mechanical equipment requirements.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Generating a temporary site layout within the candidate area based on the material usage and the mechanical equipment requirements includes: Calculate the area of ​​the material storage area based on the material usage, and determine the area of ​​the mechanical operation area based on the mechanical equipment requirements; The material storage area and the mechanical operation area are arranged within the candidate area, and their positions are optimized based on the position of the target construction area to generate the temporary site layout.

10. A construction site layout optimization system based on BIM and GIS, characterized by: The method for optimizing construction site layout based on BIM and GIS according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: Geographic information acquisition module, used to obtain geographic information data of the target construction site using GIS technology; An initial model building module, configured to build an initial BIM model of the target construction site based on the geographic information data; A target model building module is used to obtain the overall construction plan of the target construction site and build a target BIM model of the target construction site based on the overall construction plan; a site layout generation module, configured to determine a basic site layout and a plurality of temporary site layouts of the target construction site based on the initial BIM model and the initial BIM model; A layout scheme generating module is used to generate a construction site layout scheme for the target construction site during the entire construction period based on the basic site layout and multiple temporary site layouts.

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