A harvester work quality adjustment method and system

Abstract

The application provides a harvester operation quality adjusting method and system. The harvester operation quality adjusting method comprises the following steps: acquiring real-time bridge pressure, real-time sieve surface pressure, real-time cleaning loss rate of the harvester and a harvester operation quality adjusting strategy; and adjusting the sieve surface opening degree, fan rotating speed and vehicle speed of the harvester according to the real-time bridge pressure, real-time sieve surface pressure, real-time cleaning loss rate and the harvester operation quality adjusting strategy. The operation quality is improved by designing a cleaning self-adaptive adjusting mode based on multi-sensor feedback.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of harvester operation quality technology, and in particular to a harvester operation quality adjustment method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Combine harvesters are core equipment in modern agriculture for achieving efficient grain harvesting, threshing, and cleaning in an integrated manner. Their operational quality directly impacts grain harvesting efficiency and economic benefits. The cleaning system (including components such as sieves and blowers) plays a crucial role in separating grains from impurities, and its performance directly determines the cleaning loss rate (the percentage of unrecovered grains), operational efficiency, and impurity content (the percentage of impurities mixed in with the grains). However, the stability of the cleaning system's operational quality has long faced challenges due to the influence of crop characteristics (such as humidity and density), field environment (such as weed content and feed fluctuations), and the precision of mechanical adjustments.

[0003] Traditional combine harvester cleaning systems (screen opening, fan speed) rely primarily on manual experience for adjustment, failing to respond in real-time to dynamic changes in crop conditions (such as humidity, density, and weed content), leading to excessively high cleaning loss rates or grain impurity levels. The system suffers from several drawbacks: delayed response: manual judgment and adjustment require machine shutdown, interrupting the workflow and reducing efficiency (field trials show that each shutdown takes an average of 3-5 minutes, resulting in an approximately 8% decrease in efficiency). Insufficient precision: the human eye cannot quantify the thickness of grain on the screen (errors can reach ±20%), and cannot perceive dynamic changes in cleaning loss in real time. Reliance on experience: different operators adjust parameters significantly, leading to substantial fluctuations in operational quality (cleaning loss rates can vary by 5%-10% even within the same plot).

[0004] Traditional cleaning systems rely on manual experience for adjustment, resulting in slow response and low accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for adjusting the operation quality of a harvester, addressing the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a harvester operation quality adjustment method, comprising: acquiring the real-time bridge pressure, real-time screen surface pressure, real-time cleaning loss rate and harvester operation quality adjustment strategy of the harvester; and adjusting the screen opening, fan speed and vehicle speed of the harvester according to the real-time bridge pressure, the real-time screen surface pressure, the real-time cleaning loss rate and the harvester operation quality adjustment strategy.

[0007] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are: by designing a cleaning adaptive adjustment method based on multi-sensor feedback, the quality of operation is improved.

[0008] Furthermore, the harvester operation quality adjustment strategy includes: efficiency priority mode, loss priority mode, and manual mode.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the multi-mode settings facilitate selection according to actual needs, improve applicability, and enhance user experience. Efficiency-first mode is suitable for accelerating operational efficiency while ensuring efficiency without exceeding loss limits, and is applicable to situations requiring rapid operation, such as emergency harvesting. Loss-first mode is suitable for harvesting high-value crops such as seed crops, focusing on reducing operational losses, and is applicable to situations where minimizing operational losses is paramount.

[0010] Furthermore, in the efficiency-first mode, based on the real-time bridge pressure of the harvester, the screen opening and fan speed are pre-adjusted by the screen opening adjustment motor and the fan speed adjustment motor, respectively; it is determined whether the real-time screen pressure is within the normal screen pressure range; when the screen pressure is within the normal screen pressure range, the screen opening is adjusted to the first preset degree range, and the fan speed is adjusted to the first preset fan speed range; when the screen pressure exceeds the normal screen pressure range, the screen opening is increased to the second preset degree range, and the fan speed is increased to the second preset fan speed range; it is determined whether the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range; when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening is increased to the third preset degree range, and the fan speed is decreased to the third preset fan speed range.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The bridge pressure sensor monitors pressure changes in real time. The feed rate and pressure are directly proportional. When the feed rate varies, the grain on the screen surface will also change accordingly, and the signal detected by the screen pressure sensor will also change accordingly. Based on the signal from the bridge pressure sensor, the screen opening adjustment motor and the blower speed adjustment motor are controlled to adjust the screen opening in advance, and at the same time, the blower speed is adjusted to achieve the best cleaning effect. After the screen opening is pre-adjusted based on the bridge pressure sensor signal, it is then adjusted in real time based on the screen pressure sensor signal. When the screen pressure is within the normal range, that is, when the sensor voltage is between 0.5V and 2V, the screen opening is adjusted to between 10 and 40 degrees. Users can also manually set it according to their own selection through the display screen. Simultaneously, the blower speed is adjusted to between 800 and 1300 RPM to avoid excessive wind speed causing excessive losses, and also to avoid insufficient wind speed leading to poor cleaning effect and high impurity content in the grain. When the screen pressure sensor voltage is between 2V and 4V, indicating that the screen pressure exceeds the normal range (meaning the grain thickness exceeds the normal range), the controller outputs a screen motor adjustment signal to increase the screen opening, up to a maximum of 60 degrees. This allows more grain to fall from the screen surface to the bottom auger position. Simultaneously, the fan speed is increased to improve grain cleaning. When the cleaning loss sensor signal is detected to be too high, the controller outputs a screen motor adjustment signal to increase the screen opening, up to a maximum of 60 degrees. This allows more grain to fall from the screen surface to the bottom auger position, reducing the amount of grain on the screen and thus minimizing grain loss at the rear of the screen box. Simultaneously, the fan speed is reduced to minimize the impact of airflow on cleaning, further reducing cleaning losses. When a screen pressure signal is detected, the screen opening can be adjusted via the screen motor to increase it, allowing more grain to fall through the screen gaps to the bottom auger, thereby reducing screen pressure. When the screen pressure is low or the cleaning loss is too large, the screen opening can be adjusted by the screen plate adjustment motor to reduce the screen opening and allow more grain to remain on the screen plate.

[0012] Furthermore, in the efficiency-first mode, when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the real-time screen opening and real-time fan speed are obtained through the screen plate adjustment position sensor and the fan speed adjustment position sensor, respectively; it is determined whether the real-time screen opening and real-time fan speed are both adjusted to their limits; when the real-time screen opening and real-time fan speed are both adjusted to their limits, it is determined whether the real-time cleaning loss rate has been reduced to the normal cleaning loss rate range; when the real-time cleaning loss rate has not been reduced to the normal cleaning loss rate range, the vehicle speed is reduced to the first preset vehicle speed range.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: When the cleaning loss rate exceeds the standard, the screen opening and fan speed are adjusted. If, even after adjusting the screen opening and fan speed to their limits, the cleaning loss rate still cannot be reduced below the standard, then the vehicle speed needs to be controlled. By reducing the vehicle speed, the feed rate is reduced, thereby achieving the goal of reducing cleaning losses. During the adjustment of fan speed and screen opening, feedback from the fan speed adjustment position sensor and screen adjustment position sensor enables closed-loop control of the real-time adjustment position. When the adjustment reaches its limit, it can be obtained by the controller in real time, facilitating the controller to control the vehicle speed, etc. By controlling the vehicle speed, the ultimate goal of reducing losses and improving work quality is achieved.

[0014] Furthermore, in the efficiency-first mode, when the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted using the real-time screen pressure as the control element; when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted using the real-time cleaning loss rate as the control element.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: When the cleaning loss does not exceed the standard, the screen surface pressure sensor is used as the main control element, and the screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted through the voltage signal of the screen surface pressure sensor. When the cleaning loss exceeds the standard, the cleaning loss rate is used as the main control element to synchronously adjust the screen opening and fan speed.

[0016] Furthermore, in the loss priority mode, it is determined whether the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range; when the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening is adjusted to the fourth preset degree range, and the fan speed is adjusted to the fourth preset fan speed range; when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening is reduced to the fifth preset degree range, and the fan speed is reduced to the fifth preset fan speed range.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The screen opening and fan speed are adjusted according to the cleaning loss rate. When the cleaning loss is relatively small, the fan speed and screen opening are increased to achieve better cleaning results for the working vehicle. When the cleaning loss changes, the fan speed and screen opening are adjusted in real time to keep the cleaning loss within the set range. When the cleaning loss is too large, the fan speed and screen opening are reduced to bring the cleaning loss of the working vehicle back to the set range.

[0018] Furthermore, in the loss priority mode, it is determined whether the real-time screen pressure is within the normal screen pressure range; when the screen pressure exceeds the normal screen pressure range, the vehicle speed is reduced to the second preset vehicle speed range, and a vehicle speed reduction alarm is displayed on the screen.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: In loss-priority mode, the screen opening and fan speed are adjusted according to the cleaning loss. When excessive screen pressure is detected, the vehicle speed is reduced, thus decreasing the feed rate and reducing the cleaning load, ensuring that both cleaning loss and cleaning effect are at their optimal values. During speed reduction, a speed reduction alarm can be displayed on the screen, promptly sharing information with the operator. By controlling the vehicle speed, the ultimate goal of reducing losses and improving work quality is achieved.

[0020] Furthermore, in manual mode, the harvester's screen opening, fan speed, and vehicle speed are adjusted according to the user's input commands via the knobs. The ranges of the screen opening and fan speed are calibrated based on the user-inputted maximum and minimum screen opening values, maximum and minimum fan speed values ​​received on the display screen. The automatic operation quality control function is activated or deactivated according to commands received via the automatic control buttons. During automatic operation quality control, the system detects whether the vehicle is in operation. When the vehicle is in operation, the system executes steps to acquire the harvester's real-time bridge pressure, real-time screen pressure, real-time cleaning loss rate, and harvester operation quality adjustment strategy.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the knobs can adjust the screen opening and the fan speed separately. The screen opening adjustment knob can adjust the screen opening, and the fan speed adjustment knob can adjust the fan speed. The maximum and minimum screen opening values ​​can be calibrated through the display screen, the limit value of the screen opening can be set on the display screen, and then manually set through the knobs. The maximum and minimum fan speed values ​​can also be calibrated through the display screen, the limit value of the fan speed can be set on the display screen, and then manually set through the knobs. The user can manually select whether to enable the automatic work quality control function. After the automatic work quality control function is enabled, the vehicle's working status is detected.

[0022] Furthermore, this invention also provides a harvester operation quality adjustment system for implementing the aforementioned harvester operation quality adjustment method. The harvester operation quality adjustment system includes: a bridge pressure sensor, a screen surface pressure sensor, a cleaning loss sensor, a controller, a vehicle speed control mechanism, a fan speed regulation mechanism, and a screen opening adjustment mechanism. The bridge pressure sensor, the screen surface pressure sensor, the cleaning loss sensor, the vehicle speed control mechanism, the fan speed regulation mechanism, and the screen opening adjustment mechanism are all connected to the controller. The bridge pressure sensor is used to acquire real-time bridge pressure. The system includes a screen pressure sensor for acquiring real-time screen pressure; a cleaning loss sensor for acquiring real-time cleaning loss rate; a controller for acquiring harvester operation quality adjustment strategies; the controller also generates adjustment commands for adjusting the harvester's screen opening, fan speed, and vehicle speed based on the real-time bridge pressure, real-time screen pressure, real-time cleaning loss rate, and harvester operation quality adjustment strategies; a screen opening adjustment mechanism for adjusting the harvester's screen opening; a fan speed control mechanism for adjusting the fan speed; and a vehicle speed control mechanism for adjusting the vehicle speed.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: The bridge pressure sensor can detect the amount of crop fed and the bridge pressure during operation. The pressure detected by the bridge pressure sensor changes with the amount of crop fed. Calibration can convert the signal into a feed rate signal and a bridge pressure signal. The screen surface pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the screen surface and can detect the screen surface pressure in real time. The more material on the screen surface, the more the pressure signal detected by the screen surface pressure sensor will change. Calibration can convert the voltage signal into a screen surface grain thickness signal, and ultimately into the screen surface load. The cleaning loss sensor can detect the loss of grains carried in the chaff discharged from the rear of the screen box. By designing a cleaning adaptive adjustment method based on multi-sensor feedback, the operation quality is improved.

[0024] Furthermore, the controller is connected to a fan speed control position sensor, a screen opening position sensor, a vehicle speed sensor, and a display screen; the bridge pressure sensor is installed on the bridge of the harvester, the screen pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the screen, and the cleaning loss sensor is installed at the rear of the screen box. The fan speed control mechanism includes a fan speed control motor and a fan stepless speed control transmission wheel. The harvester's fan is connected to a fan drive shaft. The fan stepless speed control transmission wheel is connected to the harvester's main drive shaft via a belt. The fan stepless speed control transmission wheel includes a moving plate and a fixed plate. The fixed plate is fixedly installed on the fan drive shaft, and the moving plate is slidably installed on the fan drive shaft along its axial direction. The moving plate is rotatably connected to a lug plate. The output shaft of the fan speed control motor is connected to the lug plate via a connecting rod. The fan speed control position sensor is connected to the output shaft of the fan speed control motor, and the fan speed control motor is connected to the controller.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: The bridge pressure sensor, installed on the bridge, can detect the amount of crop fed during operation. The pressure detected by the bridge pressure sensor changes with the amount of crop fed. Calibration can convert the signal into a feed rate signal. The screen surface pressure sensor, installed at the bottom of the screen surface, can detect the screen surface pressure in real time. The more material on the screen surface, the more the pressure signal detected by the screen surface pressure sensor will change. Calibration can convert the voltage signal into a screen surface grain thickness signal, ultimately converting it into the screen surface load. The cleaning loss sensor, installed at the rear of the screen box, can detect the loss of grains carried in the chaff discharged from the rear of the screen box. The blower's power comes from the main drive shaft after the engine power, which transmits power to the blower's continuously variable speed drive pulley via a belt. The blower's continuously variable speed drive pulley consists of a fixed disc and a moving disc. The larger the gap between the two sides, the lower the belt falls, the smaller the transmission radius, resulting in a lower blower speed. The fan speed-regulating motor can drive the moving plate to move closer to or further away from the fixed plate via a connecting rod, thereby adjusting the distance between the moving and fixed plates. The fan speed-regulating motor can also directly adjust the transmission radius of the fan drive wheel via the connecting rod, thus regulating the fan speed. The fan speed-regulating position sensor can provide feedback on the position of the fan speed-regulating motor. The controller can receive signals from sensors such as the screen pressure sensor, cleaning loss sensor, fan speed-regulating position sensor, and screen opening position sensor. After logic processing, it outputs signals to control the fan speed-regulating motor, the screen opening adjustment motor, and vehicle movement. The display screen can show diagnostic results from sensor signals and can also calibrate the positions to be set.

[0026] The advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic flowcharts of the harvester operation quality adjustment method provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second schematic flowchart of a harvester operation quality adjustment method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the harvester operation quality adjustment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the harvester operation quality adjustment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the third schematic diagram of the harvester operation quality adjustment system provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The following are the reference numerals: 1. Bridge pressure sensor; 2. Screen surface pressure sensor; 3. Cleaning loss sensor; 4. Controller; 5. Fan speed control position sensor; 6. Screen surface opening position sensor; 7. Vehicle speed sensor; 8. Display screen; 9. Fan speed control motor; 10. Fan drive shaft; 11. Moving disc; 12. Fixed disc; 13. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0033] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for adjusting the operation quality of a harvester, including: acquiring the real-time bridge pressure, real-time screen pressure, real-time cleaning loss rate, and harvester operation quality adjustment strategy of the harvester; and adjusting the screen opening, fan speed, and vehicle speed of the harvester according to the real-time bridge pressure, the real-time screen pressure, the real-time cleaning loss rate, and the harvester operation quality adjustment strategy.

[0037] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are: by designing a cleaning adaptive adjustment method based on multi-sensor feedback, the quality of operation is improved.

[0038] Furthermore, the harvester operation quality adjustment strategy includes: efficiency priority mode, loss priority mode, and manual mode.

[0039] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the multi-mode settings facilitate selection according to actual needs, improve applicability, and enhance user experience. Efficiency-first mode is suitable for accelerating operational efficiency while ensuring efficiency without exceeding loss limits, and is applicable to situations requiring rapid operation, such as emergency harvesting. Loss-first mode is suitable for harvesting high-value crops such as seed crops, focusing on reducing operational losses, and is applicable to situations where minimizing operational losses is paramount.

[0040] Furthermore, in the efficiency-first mode, based on the real-time bridge pressure of the harvester, the screen opening and fan speed are pre-adjusted by the screen opening adjustment motor and the fan speed adjustment motor, respectively; it is determined whether the real-time screen pressure is within the normal screen pressure range; when the screen pressure is within the normal screen pressure range, the screen opening is adjusted to the first preset degree range, and the fan speed is adjusted to the first preset fan speed range; when the screen pressure exceeds the normal screen pressure range, the screen opening is increased to the second preset degree range, and the fan speed is increased to the second preset fan speed range; it is determined whether the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range; when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening is increased to the third preset degree range, and the fan speed is decreased to the third preset fan speed range.

[0041] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The bridge pressure sensor monitors pressure changes in real time. The feed rate and pressure are directly proportional. When the feed rate varies, the grain on the screen surface will also change accordingly, and the signal detected by the screen pressure sensor will also change accordingly. Based on the signal from the bridge pressure sensor, the screen opening adjustment motor and the blower speed adjustment motor are controlled to adjust the screen opening in advance, and at the same time, the blower speed is adjusted to achieve the best cleaning effect. After the screen opening is pre-adjusted based on the bridge pressure sensor signal, it is then adjusted in real time based on the screen pressure sensor signal. When the screen pressure is within the normal range, that is, when the sensor voltage is between 0.5V and 2V, the screen opening is adjusted to between 10 and 40 degrees. Users can also manually set it according to their own selection through the display screen. Simultaneously, the blower speed is adjusted to between 800 and 1300 RPM to avoid excessive wind speed causing excessive losses, and also to avoid insufficient wind speed leading to poor cleaning effect and high impurity content in the grain. When the screen pressure sensor voltage is between 2V and 4V, indicating that the screen pressure exceeds the normal range (meaning the grain thickness exceeds the normal range), the controller outputs a screen motor adjustment signal to increase the screen opening, up to a maximum of 60 degrees. This allows more grain to fall from the screen surface to the bottom auger position. Simultaneously, the fan speed is increased to improve grain cleaning. When the cleaning loss sensor signal is detected to be too high, the controller outputs a screen motor adjustment signal to increase the screen opening, up to a maximum of 60 degrees. This allows more grain to fall from the screen surface to the bottom auger position, reducing the amount of grain on the screen and thus minimizing grain loss at the rear of the screen box. Simultaneously, the fan speed is reduced to minimize the impact of airflow on cleaning, further reducing cleaning losses. When a screen pressure signal is detected, the screen opening can be adjusted via the screen motor to increase it, allowing more grain to fall through the screen gaps to the bottom auger, thereby reducing screen pressure. When the screen pressure is low or the cleaning loss is too large, the screen opening can be adjusted by the screen plate adjustment motor to reduce the screen opening and allow more grain to remain on the screen plate.

[0042] (1) Multi-sensor integrated signal input and integrated feedback.

[0043] (2) By using the bridge pressure to predict the feed rate in advance, the working parts can be pre-adjusted so that the working effect can reach the best state more quickly.

[0044] (3) Comprehensive control of multiple components such as fan speed, screen opening, and vehicle speed to achieve ideal results.

[0045] Furthermore, in the efficiency-first mode, when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the real-time screen opening and real-time fan speed are obtained through the screen plate adjustment position sensor and the fan speed adjustment position sensor, respectively; it is determined whether the real-time screen opening and real-time fan speed are both adjusted to their limits; when the real-time screen opening and real-time fan speed are both adjusted to their limits, it is determined whether the real-time cleaning loss rate has been reduced to the normal cleaning loss rate range; when the real-time cleaning loss rate has not been reduced to the normal cleaning loss rate range, the vehicle speed is reduced to the first preset vehicle speed range.

[0046] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: When the cleaning loss rate exceeds the standard, the screen opening and fan speed are adjusted. If, even after adjusting the screen opening and fan speed to their limits, the cleaning loss rate still cannot be reduced below the standard, then the vehicle speed needs to be controlled. By reducing the vehicle speed, the feed rate is reduced, thereby achieving the goal of reducing cleaning losses. During the adjustment of fan speed and screen opening, feedback from the fan speed adjustment position sensor and screen adjustment position sensor enables closed-loop control of the real-time adjustment position. When the adjustment reaches its limit, it can be obtained by the controller in real time, facilitating the controller to control the vehicle speed, etc. By controlling the vehicle speed, the ultimate goal of reducing losses and improving work quality is achieved.

[0047] Furthermore, in the efficiency-first mode, when the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted using the real-time screen pressure as the control element; when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted using the real-time cleaning loss rate as the control element.

[0048] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: When the cleaning loss does not exceed the standard, the screen surface pressure sensor is used as the main control element, and the screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted through the voltage signal of the screen surface pressure sensor. When the cleaning loss exceeds the standard, the cleaning loss rate is used as the main control element to synchronously adjust the screen opening and fan speed.

[0049] Furthermore, in the loss priority mode, it is determined whether the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range; when the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening is adjusted to the fourth preset degree range, and the fan speed is adjusted to the fourth preset fan speed range; when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening is reduced to the fifth preset degree range, and the fan speed is reduced to the fifth preset fan speed range.

[0050] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The screen opening and fan speed are adjusted according to the cleaning loss rate. When the cleaning loss is relatively small, the fan speed and screen opening are increased to achieve better cleaning results for the working vehicle. When the cleaning loss changes, the fan speed and screen opening are adjusted in real time to keep the cleaning loss within the set range. When the cleaning loss is too large, the fan speed and screen opening are reduced to bring the cleaning loss of the working vehicle back to the set range.

[0051] Furthermore, in the loss priority mode, it is determined whether the real-time screen pressure is within the normal screen pressure range; when the screen pressure exceeds the normal screen pressure range, the vehicle speed is reduced to the second preset vehicle speed range, and a vehicle speed reduction alarm is displayed on the screen.

[0052] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: In loss-priority mode, the screen opening and fan speed are adjusted according to the cleaning loss. When excessive screen pressure is detected, the vehicle speed is reduced, thus decreasing the feed rate and reducing the cleaning load, ensuring that both cleaning loss and cleaning effect are at their optimal values. During speed reduction, a speed reduction alarm can be displayed on the screen, promptly sharing information with the operator. By controlling the vehicle speed, the ultimate goal of reducing losses and improving work quality is achieved.

[0053] Furthermore, in manual mode, the harvester's screen opening, fan speed, and vehicle speed are adjusted according to the user's input commands via the knobs. The ranges of the screen opening and fan speed are calibrated based on the user-inputted maximum and minimum screen opening values, maximum and minimum fan speed values ​​received on the display screen. The automatic operation quality control function is activated or deactivated according to commands received via the automatic control buttons. During automatic operation quality control, the system detects whether the vehicle is in operation. When the vehicle is in operation, the system executes steps to acquire the harvester's real-time bridge pressure, real-time screen pressure, real-time cleaning loss rate, and harvester operation quality adjustment strategy.

[0054] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the knobs can adjust the screen opening and the fan speed separately. The screen opening adjustment knob can adjust the screen opening, and the fan speed adjustment knob can adjust the fan speed. The maximum and minimum screen opening values ​​can be calibrated through the display screen, the limit value of the screen opening can be set on the display screen, and then manually set through the knobs. The maximum and minimum fan speed values ​​can also be calibrated through the display screen, the limit value of the fan speed can be set on the display screen, and then manually set through the knobs. The user can manually select whether to enable the automatic work quality control function. After the automatic work quality control function is enabled, the vehicle's working status is detected.

[0055] This invention provides a harvester operation quality adjustment method, which is an adaptive adjustment method for a cleaning system based on bridge pressure, screen pressure, and cleaning loss. Through multi-sensor collaborative feedback, it synchronously monitors bridge pressure, screen pressure, and cleaning loss, establishing a multivariable closed-loop control model. Through dynamic coupling adjustment, it decouples the interaction between screen opening and fan speed using a fuzzy PID algorithm, achieving multi-objective optimization. Through anti-interference design and adaptive weighting, it introduces adaptive weighting coefficients (α, β) based on operating conditions, dynamically adjusting the control strategy priority according to crop type and environmental noise.

[0056] By receiving signals from the bridge pressure sensor, screen pressure sensor, and cleaning loss sensor, and through comprehensive signal processing, the screen opening, fan speed, and vehicle speed are controlled to improve the quality of operation.

[0057] In different modes, different sensor signals are used as the primary control signals to avoid signal conflicts and improve the comprehensive use of sensor signals. Specifically, in efficiency-first mode, the bridge pressure and screen surface pressure signals are the primary signals, while in loss-first mode, the cleaning loss sensor signals are the primary signals.

[0058] During operation, the signals from the bridge pressure sensor, screen surface pressure sensor, and cleaning loss sensor are monitored in real time. Under normal conditions, both the bridge pressure sensor and screen surface pressure sensor signals are detected. Normally, these signals are directly proportional; higher bridge pressure indicates a larger feed rate, resulting in more crop grains accumulating on the screen surface and thus higher screen surface pressure. Upon detecting screen surface pressure, the screen opening can be adjusted via the screen plate adjustment motor. Increasing the opening allows more grain to fall through the gaps between the screen plates to the bottom of the auger, thus reducing the screen surface pressure. Conversely, when the screen surface pressure is low or the cleaning loss is excessive, the screen opening can be reduced via the same motor, allowing more grain to remain on the screen plates.

[0059] The specific control logic is as follows: (1) Manual operation: 1) Two knobs are installed in the cab. These knobs can be used to adjust the screen opening and fan speed respectively. The screen opening knob adjusts the screen opening, and the fan speed knob adjusts the fan speed. The adjustment of both the screen opening and fan speed is stepless.

[0060] 2) The maximum and minimum screen opening values ​​can be calibrated via the display screen. The limit value of the screen opening can be set on the display screen, and then manually set via the knob. The range of the screen opening is 0-60 degrees. The voltage value of the screen opening sensor can be directly read by the controller and stored as the maximum and minimum values ​​of the screen opening.

[0061] 3) The maximum and minimum fan speeds can be calibrated via the display screen. The limit values ​​for the fan speed can be set on the display and then manually adjusted using the knob. The fan speed range is 0-1500 rpm. The fan speed adjustment position sensor can be directly read by the controller and stored as the position information for the maximum and minimum fan speeds.

[0062] (2) Automatic control logic: 1) Set the automatic control button for work quality on the switch panel. Users can manually select whether to enable the automatic control function for work quality.

[0063] 2) After the automatic quality control function is activated, the vehicle's operating status is detected. The vehicle's operating status can be determined by the position information of the threshing clutch control handle, or by the rotational speed of working components such as the grain elevator, waste elevator, or bridge pressure sensor. The threshing clutch control handle signal is generally a voltage signal of 0.5V-4.5V. The voltage value of the control handle (threshing clutch control handle) can be calibrated; the initial position voltage is generally around 0.5V-0.7V, and the engagement position voltage is generally around 2V-2.5V. When the grain elevator and waste elevator are working, their rotational speed is generally several hundred revolutions per minute. Therefore, the control logic is set so that the vehicle is in operating status when the rotational speed of the grain elevator or waste elevator is greater than 100 RPM; otherwise, the vehicle is considered to be in non-operating status. The bridge pressure sensor signal can also be used for detection. When crop is fed in, the pressure signal of the bridge pressure sensor will increase. If the detected signal exceeds a threshold, it can be determined that the vehicle has entered operating status.

[0064] 3) During operation, the controller receives signals from the screen surface pressure sensor and the cleaning loss sensor. There are two automatic control modes: efficiency priority and loss priority, which can be selected on the display screen.

[0065] Among them, efficiency priority is applicable to speeding up operation efficiency and ensuring operation efficiency under the premise that the loss does not exceed the limit. It is applicable to working conditions that require rapid operation, such as emergency harvesting.

[0066] Loss priority is applicable to high-value crops such as seed crops, with the focus on reducing operational losses. It is suitable for work conditions that emphasize reducing operational losses.

[0067] In efficiency-first mode, the automatic control logic is as follows: a. The bridge pressure sensor monitors pressure changes in real time. The feed rate and pressure are directly proportional; different feed rates result in different grain levels on the screen, which in turn affects the signal detected by the screen pressure sensor. Based on the signal from the bridge pressure sensor, the screen opening adjustment motor and the blower speed adjustment motor are controlled to pre-adjust the screen opening and adjust the blower speed to achieve optimal cleaning performance. The screen pressure sensor provides feedback on the real-time cleaning status.

[0068] The purpose of the bridge angle sensor is to detect the feed amount, with the key being to control it in advance, adjusting the fan speed and screen opening to achieve the best operating results.

[0069] The screen pressure mainly detects the amount of grain on the screen surface. It is a feedback signal, which is equivalent to closed-loop control, so as to achieve better control effect.

[0070] b. After pre-adjusting the screen opening based on the bridge pressure sensor signal, adjust it in real time based on the screen pressure sensor signal.

[0071] c. When the screen pressure is within the normal range, i.e., the sensor (screen pressure sensor) voltage is between 0.5V and 2V, the grain thickness is between 0-6cm. This range is within the normal working grain thickness range. The screen opening should be adjusted to between 10-40 degrees. Users can also manually set this via the display screen. Simultaneously, adjust the fan speed to between 800-1300 RPM to avoid excessive wind speed causing excessive losses, and to avoid insufficient wind speed leading to poor cleaning effect and high impurity content in the grain.

[0072] d. When the voltage of the screen pressure sensor is between 2V and 4V, the screen pressure exceeds the normal range, meaning the grain thickness exceeds the normal thickness. The controller then outputs a signal to adjust the screen motor, increasing the screen opening to a maximum of 60 degrees. This allows more grain to fall from the screen to the bottom of the auger. Simultaneously, the fan speed is increased, resulting in better grain cleaning.

[0073] e. When the cleaning loss sensor signal is detected to be too high, the controller outputs a screen motor adjustment signal to control the screen adjustment motor, increasing the screen opening to a maximum of 60 degrees. This allows more grain to fall from the screen surface to the bottom auger position, reducing the amount of grain on the screen surface and thus minimizing grain loss at the rear of the screen box. Simultaneously, the fan speed is reduced to minimize the impact of airflow on the cleaning effect, further reducing cleaning losses.

[0074] Under normal operation, the allowable cleaning loss rate detection range is about 0-2%. The maximum value of this signal can be set by the user. To ensure the operation effect, the default value used in this invention is 1%.

[0075] f. During automatic control, the controller detects screen pressure while also considering cleaning losses. The standard cleaning loss rate for the harvester in this system can be set at 1.5%.

[0076] g. When the cleaning loss does not exceed the standard (it can be less than or equal to 1%), the screen surface pressure sensor is used as the main control element. The screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted through the voltage signal from the screen surface pressure sensor, using a comprehensive adjustment coefficient (K=αX+βY), where α and β are adaptive weighting coefficients for the operating conditions, X is the screen opening adjustment parameter, and Y is the fan speed adjustment parameter. The screen opening and fan speed are comprehensively adjusted; the specific adjustment coefficient is verified in tests based on the vehicle model.

[0077] When the screen pressure exceeds the normal value by a large proportion, the adjustment should primarily focus on the screen opening. During this adjustment, the fan speed needs to be increased to ensure the cleaning effect, but the adjustment ratio of the fan speed should be less than the adjustment ratio of the screen opening. When the cleaning loss exceeds the normal value by a large proportion, the adjustment ratio of the fan speed should be greater than the adjustment ratio of the screen opening.

[0078] Control is achieved through a combination of signals from the screen pressure sensor and the cleaning loss sensor. Under normal conditions, the screen pressure is approximately 3V, and the cleaning loss is approximately 1%. When the screen pressure significantly exceeds the normal value, the screen opening is adjusted primarily. During adjustment, the fan speed needs to be increased to ensure cleaning effectiveness, but the adjustment ratio of the fan speed should be less than the adjustment ratio of the screen opening. When the cleaning loss significantly exceeds the normal value, the adjustment ratio of the fan speed is greater than the adjustment ratio of the screen opening. Specific parameters are obtained through self-learning and adaptive adjustment based on the cleaning effect.

[0079] h. When cleaning loss exceeds the limit, cleaning loss is the main control factor. The screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted based on the cleaning loss rate, using a comprehensive adjustment coefficient (N = aX + bY), where a and b are adaptive weighting coefficients for the operating conditions, X is the screen opening adjustment parameter, and Y is the fan speed adjustment parameter. The specific adjustment coefficient for the screen opening and fan speed is verified in tests based on the vehicle model.

[0080] i. If the cleaning loss rate exceeds the standard, adjust the screen opening and the fan speed. If the cleaning loss rate still cannot be reduced below the standard after adjusting the screen opening and the fan speed to the limit, then the vehicle speed needs to be controlled. By reducing the vehicle speed, the feed rate can be reduced, thereby reducing the cleaning loss.

[0081] j. During the adjustment of fan speed and screen opening, closed-loop control is achieved through feedback from the fan speed adjustment position sensor and the screen adjustment position sensor. When the adjustment reaches its limit, the controller can acquire this information in real time, facilitating control of vehicle speed and other parameters.

[0082] like Figure 2 As shown, the process begins with: 1. Checking if the system performs a self-check; 2. If it does, determining if the system is functioning correctly; 3. If the system is functioning correctly, determining if the cleaning loss rate exceeds the standard; 4. If the cleaning loss rate exceeds the standard, adjusting the screen opening and fan speed; 5. Determining if the screen opening and fan speed are adjusted to their limit positions; 6. If the screen opening and fan speed are adjusted to their limit positions, reducing the vehicle speed and issuing a warning.

[0083] Step 2 is followed by: issuing a warning if the system malfunctions.

[0084] After step 3, if the cleaning loss rate does not exceed the standard, determine whether the grain thickness sensor (screen pressure sensor) exceeds the set value. If yes, proceed to step 4; otherwise, return to step 2. In loss-priority mode: a. Adjust the screen opening and fan speed according to the cleaning loss rate. When the cleaning loss is relatively small, increase the fan speed and screen opening to achieve better cleaning effect of the working vehicle.

[0085] b. When cleaning losses change, adjust the fan speed and screen opening in real time to keep the cleaning losses within the set range.

[0086] c. When the cleaning loss is too high (exceeding the set range), reduce the fan speed and screen opening to bring the cleaning loss of the working vehicle down to the set range. In the loss priority mode, the user can set the loss rate, which is generally less than 1.5%, and can be set to 1% or less.

[0087] In loss-priority mode, the screen opening and blower speed are adjusted based on cleaning losses. When excessive screen pressure is detected (screen pressure sensor signal ≥4V), the vehicle speed is reduced to decrease the feed rate, thereby reducing the cleaning load and ensuring optimal cleaning losses and cleaning effect. A speed reduction alarm is displayed on the screen during speed reduction, promptly sharing this information with the operator.

[0088] (1) Harvest quality detection is carried out using a bridge pressure sensor, a screen surface pressure sensor on the screen plate, and a cleaning loss sensor.

[0089] (2) Synchronous detection of multiple signals is used as a comprehensive signal for control.

[0090] (3) The screen opening and fan speed are controlled in a comprehensive manner to achieve the best effect.

[0091] (4) The speed of the vehicle can also be controlled to ultimately reduce losses and improve the quality of the operation.

[0092] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a harvester operation quality adjustment system for implementing the aforementioned harvester operation quality adjustment method. The harvester operation quality adjustment system includes: a bridge pressure sensor 1, a screen surface pressure sensor 2, a cleaning loss sensor 3, a controller 4, a vehicle speed control mechanism, a fan speed regulation mechanism, and a screen opening adjustment mechanism. The bridge pressure sensor 1, the screen surface pressure sensor 2, the cleaning loss sensor 3, the vehicle speed control mechanism, the fan speed regulation mechanism, and the screen opening adjustment mechanism are all connected to the controller 4. The bridge pressure sensor 1 is used to acquire real-time bridge pressure. The screen pressure sensor 2 is used to acquire real-time screen pressure; the cleaning loss sensor 3 is used to acquire real-time cleaning loss rate; the controller 4 is used to acquire harvester operation quality adjustment strategy; the controller 4 is also used to generate adjustment commands for adjusting the harvester's screen opening, fan speed, and vehicle speed based on the real-time bridge pressure, the real-time screen pressure, the real-time cleaning loss rate, and the harvester operation quality adjustment strategy; the screen opening adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the harvester's screen opening; the fan speed control mechanism is used to adjust the fan speed; and the vehicle speed control mechanism is used to adjust the vehicle speed.

[0093] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: The bridge pressure sensor can detect the amount of crop fed and the bridge pressure during operation. The pressure detected by the bridge pressure sensor changes with the amount of crop fed. Calibration can convert the signal into a feed rate signal and a bridge pressure signal. The screen surface pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the screen surface and can detect the screen surface pressure in real time. The more material on the screen surface, the more the pressure signal detected by the screen surface pressure sensor will change. Calibration can convert the voltage signal into a screen surface grain thickness signal, and ultimately into the screen surface load. The cleaning loss sensor can detect the loss of grains carried in the chaff discharged from the rear of the screen box. By designing a cleaning adaptive adjustment method based on multi-sensor feedback, the operation quality is improved.

[0094] Furthermore, the controller 4 is connected to a fan speed adjustment position sensor 5, a screen opening position sensor 6, a vehicle speed sensor 7, and a display screen 8; the bridge pressure sensor 1 is installed on the bridge of the harvester, the screen pressure sensor 2 is installed at the lower part of the screen surface, and the cleaning loss sensor 3 is installed at the rear of the screen box; the fan speed adjustment mechanism includes a fan speed adjustment motor 9 and a fan stepless speed adjustment transmission wheel; the harvester's fan is connected to a fan drive shaft 10; the fan stepless speed adjustment transmission wheel is connected to the harvester's main drive shaft via a belt; the fan stepless speed adjustment transmission wheel includes a moving disc 11 and a fixed disc 12; the fixed disc 12 is fixedly installed on the fan drive shaft 10; the moving disc 11 is slidably installed on the fan drive shaft 10 along the axial direction of the fan drive shaft 10; the moving disc 11 is rotatably connected to a lug; the output shaft of the fan speed adjustment motor 9 is connected to the lug via a connecting rod 13; the fan speed adjustment position sensor 5 is connected to the output shaft of the fan speed adjustment motor 9; and the fan speed adjustment motor 9 is connected to the controller 4.

[0095] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: The bridge pressure sensor, installed on the bridge, can detect the amount of crop fed during operation. The pressure detected by the bridge pressure sensor changes with the amount of crop fed. Calibration can convert the signal into a feed rate signal. The screen surface pressure sensor, installed at the bottom of the screen surface, can detect the screen surface pressure in real time. The more material on the screen surface, the more the pressure signal detected by the screen surface pressure sensor will change. Calibration can convert the voltage signal into a screen surface grain thickness signal, ultimately converting it into the screen surface load. The cleaning loss sensor, installed at the rear of the screen box, can detect the loss of grains carried in the chaff discharged from the rear of the screen box. The blower's power comes from the main drive shaft after the engine power, which transmits power to the blower's continuously variable speed drive pulley via a belt. The blower's continuously variable speed drive pulley consists of a fixed disc and a moving disc. The larger the gap between the two sides, the lower the belt falls, the smaller the transmission radius, resulting in a lower blower speed. The fan speed-regulating motor can drive the moving plate to move closer to or further away from the fixed plate via a connecting rod, thereby adjusting the distance between the moving and fixed plates. The fan speed-regulating motor can also directly adjust the transmission radius of the fan drive wheel via the connecting rod, thus regulating the fan speed. The fan speed-regulating position sensor can provide feedback on the position of the fan speed-regulating motor. The controller can receive signals from sensors such as the screen pressure sensor, cleaning loss sensor, fan speed-regulating position sensor, and screen opening position sensor. After logic processing, it outputs signals to control the fan speed-regulating motor, the screen opening adjustment motor, and vehicle movement. The display screen can show diagnostic results from sensor signals and can also calibrate the positions to be set.

[0096] like Figure 3As shown, the harvester operation quality adjustment system provided in this embodiment of the invention mainly consists of a bridge angle sensor, a screen pressure sensor, a cleaning loss sensor, a blower speed adjustment device (including a blower speed regulating motor, a stepless speed regulation structure and a blower speed regulating position sensor), a screen opening adjustment device (including a screen opening adjustment motor and a screen opening position sensor), a vehicle travel device (including a vehicle speed controller and a vehicle speed sensor), a vehicle controller, and a display screen.

[0097] (1) Bridge Angle Sensor: Installed on the bridge, it can detect the amount of crop fed during operation. The angle that the bridge angle sensor can detect will change with the amount of crop fed. The bridge angle sensor signal is a voltage signal of 0.5V-4.5V, which can be converted into a feed amount signal through calibration. As an alternative to the bridge angle sensor, a bridge pressure sensor can be used.

[0098] (2) Screen pressure sensor: Installed at the bottom of the screen surface, it can detect the screen pressure in real time. The more material on the screen surface, the more the pressure signal detected by the screen pressure sensor will change. The screen pressure sensor signal is a voltage signal of 0.5V-4.5V. Through calibration, the voltage signal can be converted into a grain thickness signal on the screen surface, and finally converted into the screen load.

[0099] (3) Cleaning Loss Sensor: Installed at the rear of the sieve box, this sensor detects the loss of grains carried in the chaff discharged from the rear of the sieve box. The greater the loss, the more signals the sensor sends back. The controller receives these signals and simultaneously receives the vehicle speed information from the vehicle speed sensor to calculate the real-time cleaning loss rate. The cleaning loss sensor signal is a pulse signal. After the grains strike the cleaning loss sensor, a series of pulse signals are generated. By calculating the number of pulse signals and based on the set thousand-grain weight, the cleaning loss rate can be calculated. The cleaning loss sensor used is a vibration pulse signal; the number of pulses determines the magnitude of the loss.

[0100] (4) such as Figure 4As shown, the fan speed control device (machine speed control mechanism) includes a fan speed control motor, a stepless speed control structure, and a fan speed control position sensor. The fan power comes from the main drive shaft after the engine power, and the main drive shaft transmits power to the fan's stepless speed control transmission wheel via a belt. The fan's stepless speed control transmission wheel has a wedge-shaped structure, consisting of a fixed plate and a moving plate. The larger the gap between the two sides, the lower the belt falls, the smaller the transmission radius, and thus the lower the fan speed. The fan speed control motor can drive the moving plate to move closer to or further away from the fixed plate via a connecting rod, thereby adjusting the distance between the moving and fixed plates. The fan speed control motor can directly adjust the transmission radius of the fan transmission wheel via the connecting rod, thus regulating the fan speed. The fan speed control position sensor can provide feedback on the position of the fan speed control motor. The device includes ear plates with progressively increasing protrusions. A baffle is positioned near the ear plates on the fan drive shaft, and the protrusions slide against the baffle. When the ear plates rotate, the protrusions abut against the baffle, pushing the movable disc on the ear plates to move axially along the fan drive shaft. Alternatively, the middle of the ear plates is threaded to the fan drive shaft, and rotation of the ear plates drives the movable disc to move axially along the fan drive shaft. Or, an electric actuator is connected to the ear plates via a connecting rod, and the ear plates are slidably mounted on the fan drive shaft. The fan's stepless speed control device consists of a fixed disc and a movable disc. The fan speed control motor controls the movement of the movable disc. When the movable disc moves away from the fixed disc, the drive radius decreases, and the fan speed decreases; when the movable disc moves closer to the fixed disc, the drive radius increases, and the fan speed increases. A fan speed control position sensor provides feedback on the position of the fan speed control motor, serving as adjustment feedback for control.

[0101] (5) such as Figure 5 As shown, the screen opening adjustment device comprises a screen plate adjustment motor, a screen plate adjustment structure, and a screen opening position sensor. The screen plate adjustment motor, through gear transmission, drives a connecting rod to adjust the screen opening. The screen opening position sensor provides feedback on the position of the screen opening adjustment motor. The screen opening is controlled by the connecting rod, the lower end of which is fixed to the rotating part of the motor. Rotating the motor left or right adjusts the screen opening.

[0102] (6) Vehicle travel device: The vehicle travel device in this embodiment of the invention can use an electronically controlled HST. This electronically controlled HST is proportionally controlled, and the travel speed can be controlled by the magnitude of the driving current.

[0103] (7) Vehicle controller (controller): The controller can receive signals from sensors such as grain thickness sensor (screen pressure sensor), cleaning loss sensor, fan speed adjustment position sensor, and screen opening position sensor. After logic processing, it outputs signals to control the fan speed adjustment motor, screen opening adjustment motor, and vehicle movement.

[0104] (8) Display screen: It can display sensor and other signal diagnostics, and can also calibrate the positions that need to be set.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0106] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the operating quality of a harvester, characterized in that, include: The system acquires the harvester's real-time bridge pressure, screen pressure, cleaning loss rate, and harvester operation quality adjustment strategies. Based on the real-time bridge pressure, the real-time screen pressure, the real-time cleaning loss rate, and the harvester operation quality adjustment strategy, adjust the harvester's screen opening, fan speed, and vehicle speed. The harvester operation quality adjustment strategy includes: efficiency-first mode; In efficiency-first mode, the screen opening and fan speed are pre-adjusted by the screen opening adjustment motor and the fan speed adjustment motor respectively, based on the real-time bridge pressure of the harvester. Determine whether the real-time screen surface pressure is within the normal screen surface pressure range; When the screen pressure is within the normal screen pressure range, adjust the screen opening to the first preset degree range and adjust the fan speed to the first preset fan speed range; When the screen pressure exceeds the normal screen pressure range, the screen opening is increased to the second preset degree range, and the fan speed is increased to the second preset fan speed range. Determine whether the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range; When the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening will be increased to the third preset degree range, and the fan speed will be reduced to the third preset fan speed range. In efficiency-first mode, when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the real-time screen opening and real-time fan speed are obtained by the screen plate adjustment position sensor and the fan speed adjustment position sensor, respectively. Determine whether the real-time screen opening and the real-time fan speed are both adjusted to their limit. When the real-time screen opening and the real-time fan speed are both adjusted to their limits, determine whether the real-time cleaning loss rate has been reduced to the normal cleaning loss rate range. When the real-time cleaning loss rate does not decrease to the normal cleaning loss rate range, the vehicle speed will be reduced to the first preset vehicle speed range. In efficiency-first mode, when the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted using the real-time screen pressure as the control element; when the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening and fan speed are synchronously adjusted using the real-time cleaning loss rate as the control element.

2. The harvester operation quality adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvester operation quality adjustment strategy includes: loss priority mode and manual mode.

3. The harvester operation quality adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In loss-priority mode, determine whether the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range; When the real-time cleaning loss rate is within the normal cleaning loss rate range, adjust the screen opening to the fourth preset degree range and adjust the fan speed to the fourth preset fan speed range. When the real-time cleaning loss rate exceeds the normal cleaning loss rate range, the screen opening will be reduced to the fifth preset degree range, and the fan speed will be reduced to the fifth preset fan speed range.

4. The harvester operation quality adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In loss-priority mode, determine whether the real-time screen pressure is within the normal screen pressure range; When the screen pressure exceeds the normal screen pressure range, the vehicle speed will be reduced to the second preset speed range, and a speed reduction alarm will be displayed on the screen.

5. The harvester operation quality adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In manual mode, the harvester's screen opening, fan speed, and vehicle speed are adjusted according to the user's input commands via the knobs; the range of screen opening and fan speed are calibrated according to the user's input of the maximum and minimum screen opening, maximum and minimum fan speeds on the display screen. According to the instructions received from the automatic control buttons, the automatic operation quality control function is activated or deactivated; during automatic operation quality control, it is detected whether the vehicle is in operation; when the vehicle is in operation, the steps of acquiring the real-time bridge pressure, real-time screen pressure, real-time cleaning loss rate, and the operation quality adjustment strategy of the harvester are executed.

6. A harvester operation quality adjustment system, characterized in that, To implement a harvester operation quality adjustment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the harvester operation quality adjustment system includes: a bridge pressure sensor, a screen surface pressure sensor, a cleaning loss sensor, a controller, a vehicle speed control mechanism, a fan speed regulation mechanism, and a screen opening adjustment mechanism, wherein the bridge pressure sensor, the screen surface pressure sensor, the cleaning loss sensor, the vehicle speed control mechanism, the fan speed regulation mechanism, and the screen opening adjustment mechanism are all connected to the controller; The bridge pressure sensor is used to acquire real-time bridge pressure. The screen surface pressure sensor is used to obtain the real-time screen surface pressure; The cleaning loss sensor is used to obtain the real-time cleaning loss rate; The controller is used to acquire harvester operation quality adjustment strategies; The controller is also used to generate adjustment commands for adjusting the screen opening, fan speed and vehicle speed of the harvester based on the real-time bridge pressure, the real-time screen pressure, the real-time cleaning loss rate and the harvester operation quality adjustment strategy. The screen opening adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the screen opening of the harvester; The fan speed control mechanism is used to adjust the fan speed; The vehicle speed control mechanism is used to adjust the vehicle speed.

7. A harvester operation quality adjustment system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller is connected to a fan speed control position sensor, a screen opening position sensor, a vehicle speed sensor, and a display screen. The bridge pressure sensor is installed on the bridge of the harvester, the screen pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the screen, and the cleaning loss sensor is installed at the rear of the screen box. The fan speed control mechanism includes a fan speed control motor and a fan stepless speed control transmission wheel. The harvester's fan is connected to a fan drive shaft. The fan stepless speed control transmission wheel is connected to the harvester's main drive shaft via a belt. The fan stepless speed control transmission wheel includes a moving plate and a fixed plate. The fixed plate is fixedly installed on the fan drive shaft, and the moving plate is slidably installed on the fan drive shaft along its axial direction. The moving plate is rotatably connected to a lug. The output shaft of the fan speed control motor is connected to the lug via a connecting rod. The fan speed control position sensor is connected to the output shaft of the fan speed control motor, and the fan speed control motor is connected to the controller.

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