Three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system and method. A rolling supporting shaft is installed between the two chains, a planting groove is connected to the lower portion of the rolling supporting shaft, an integrated water pool is fixedly installed at the bottoms of the inner sides of the two supporting plates, a water suction pump is installed in the integrated water pool and communicates with a water supply pipe through a water suction pipe, and directional spray heads corresponding to the top face of the planting groove are arranged on the water supply pipe; an opening and closing stop block is fixedly mounted on the integrated water tank, and a touch opening and closing drainage device matched with the opening and closing stop block is mounted at the bottom of the planting groove; the mode of movable rotation of the planting grooves and fixed irrigation of the water supply pipes is adopted, the one-moving and one-static longitudinal three-dimensional irrigation mode is adopted, the mode of combining complex pipeline design, overall exposure of water supply pipelines and directional spray head irrigation is omitted, and overhaul and maintenance are convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, and in particular to a three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system and method. Background Art

[0002] Water-saving irrigation aims to maximize yield or returns with minimal water use, specifically maximizing crop yield and output value per unit of irrigation water. With technological advancements, water-saving irrigation has been integrated with intelligent irrigation systems and has seen rapid growth. Vertical irrigation is a type of water-saving irrigation technology. Traditionally, vertical irrigation combines vertical planting with drip irrigation. Vertical planting primarily uses planting troughs or modules filled with coconut coir or peat substrates, where crops are planted. Integrated water and fertilizer irrigation is implemented based on demand. Drip irrigation, on the other hand, delivers water directly to the plant roots through drip lines, achieving localized irrigation and significant water savings. It can also be combined with fertilization to improve fertilizer efficiency. Vertical irrigation achieves efficient space utilization. By utilizing vertical space for multi-level planting, it optimizes land use, reduces fertilizer and water usage, and reduces environmental pollution.

[0003] However, traditional stereo irrigation technology has certain drawbacks. These drawbacks are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, traditional stereo irrigation systems are mostly fixed structures, using fixed troughs, tubes, and other matrix containers for fixed installation, and then laying drip irrigation pipes inside. During use, due to the uniqueness of the stereo structure, the vertical height is relatively high. During operations such as planting, harvesting, and picking, ladders and other lifting equipment are required to reach the required height, which reduces work efficiency. Second, traditional stereo irrigation uses pre-buried drip irrigation pipes. This not only requires fixed pipes, but also requires complex pre-buried operations. The drip irrigation pipes are installed in conjunction with the planting troughs, resulting in a complex piping design. If the drip irrigation pipes become clogged or malfunction, they need to be repaired and replaced, resulting in high maintenance and repair costs. Third, during the use of traditional stereo irrigation technology, water can accumulate in the planting troughs. Excessive water can easily cause crop root rot. Effective drainage can promote crop root health. However, if excess water is not drained in time, it will not be recycled for irrigation, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0004] Therefore, a three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system and method with a simple structure, efficient irrigation and water saving, convenient and quick operation, and the ability to overcome the operational defects of high space, which is different from the traditional three-dimensional drip irrigation method and adopts directional water-receiving spray irrigation, is simple and easy to operate, and has broad economic and social benefits and market prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system and method with a simple structure, efficient irrigation and water saving, convenient and quick operation, and the ability to overcome the operational defects of high space. Unlike the traditional three-dimensional drip irrigation method, it adopts directional water collection and spray irrigation, and the method is simple and easy to operate, which is used to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: a three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system, comprising two support plates, each of which is installed on the inner side of the two support plates through a support sprocket. There are two chains, and the first sprocket motor and the second sprocket motor that drive the two chains are connected. A rolling support shaft is installed between the two chains, and a planting trough is connected below the rolling support shaft. An integrated water pool is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the two support plates, and a water pump is installed in the integrated water pool. The water pump is connected to the water supply pipe through a water pump pipe, and a directional nozzle corresponding to the top surface of the planting trough is provided on the water supply pipe. An opening and closing block is fixedly installed on the integrated water pool, and a touch opening and closing drainage device that cooperates with the opening and closing block is installed at the bottom of the planting trough.

[0007] Furthermore, the touch opening and closing drainage device includes a drainage hole opened at the bottom of the planting trough, a filter rack is provided in the planting trough above the drainage hole, a cross rod is installed in the drainage hole, a closing piece is installed on the top of the cross rod, and a gravity block that cooperates with the opening and closing block is provided at the bottom of the cross rod. A planting limit plate is installed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the planting trough, and the planting limit plate is provided with planting holes in an array structure, and the inner cavity of the planting trough between the filter rack and the planting limit plate is filled with planting matrix.

[0008] Furthermore, a reinforcing cross bar is arranged between the two support plates, and four support sprockets are arranged on the inner side of each support plate. The chain is in a circular runway or a square runway structure. The four support sprockets in each support plate are symmetrically installed, and the output ends of the first sprocket motor and the second sprocket motor are respectively connected to one of the support sprockets on the inner side.

[0009] Furthermore, a rolling support rod is mounted on the inner side of the rolling support shaft, and both ends of the rolling support rod are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two chains respectively. Several rolling support shafts are evenly installed between the two chains, and each rolling support shaft is connected to the top of the planting trough through a tripod. The planting trough is a square trough structure with an upper width not less than a lower width.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the integrated water pool is not less than the length of the planting trough, a leakage support orifice plate is provided in the upper middle part of the inner cavity of the integrated water pool, a replaceable filter cotton layer is laid above the leakage support orifice plate, an injection pipe and a sewage pipe are provided on the integrated water pool, and a control host is installed on the outer wall of the integrated water pool.

[0011] Furthermore, the water suction pipe is longitudinally arranged on the outside of the support plate, at least one solenoid valve is installed on the water suction pipe, the water supply pipe is transversely arranged between the inner walls of the two support plates on the inner side of the chain, the first sprocket motor and the second sprocket motor are synchronous stepping motors, and directional nozzles are provided on the front and rear sides of the water supply pipe. The directional nozzles are connected to the water supply pipe through a guide water supply pipe, and the guide water supply pipe is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0012] Furthermore, the opening and closing stopper is a long strip structure with an arc-shaped top, and the opening and closing stopper is fixedly installed in the middle position of the top surface in the length direction of the integrated water pool.

[0013] Furthermore, the filter mesh frame is a semicircular cavity structure with a filter mesh installed. The filter mesh frame is arranged on the bottom surface of the planting trough in the length direction. The cross rod is a rod-shaped structure with a cross cross section. The outer diameter of the cross rod is not larger than the inner diameter of the drainage hole. The closing piece is located below the filter mesh frame, and the diameter of the closing piece is not smaller than the inner diameter of the drainage hole.

[0014] Furthermore, a soil moisture wireless monitoring probe is inserted into the planting trough, and the soil moisture wireless monitoring probe is connected to a receiver installed in the control host through a wireless connection.

[0015] A three-dimensional irrigation method of the three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system as described above, wherein the method comprises:

[0016] During the initial planting operation, the first sprocket motor and the second sprocket motor are started synchronously to drive the two chains to rotate. During the rotation of the chains, the planting troughs at the high position are driven by the rolling support shaft to fall to the low position in a cyclic sequence. The operator plants the crops in the planting holes of the planting troughs in the low position in sequence.

[0017] When the post-planting irrigation operation is in progress, the soil moisture data collected by the wireless soil moisture monitoring probe is transmitted to the receiver, which then transmits the integrated irrigation demand data to the control host. The control host then turns on the water pump and the corresponding solenoid valve according to the demand. The water in the integrated water pool is then transported to the water supply pipe through the water pump pipe and the solenoid valve. The directional sprinklers on both sides of each water supply pipe spray the crops in the planting trough on the lower side at different heights. When the soil moisture reaches the required level, the water pump is turned off.

[0018] When the drainage operation after irrigation is in operation, the two chains are driven to rotate by synchronously starting the first sprocket motor and the second sprocket motor. During the rotation of the chains, the planting troughs at the high position fall into the low position in a cyclic sequence under the driving action of the rolling support shaft. When the planting troughs at the lowest position move above the opening and closing block, the gravity block touches the opening and closing block and moves upward. During the upward movement, the closing piece breaks away from the obstruction of the drainage hole, and the surplus water in the planting matrix is ​​filtered by the filter rack and enters the drainage hole, and flows into the top of the integrated water pool from the gap between the inner wall of the drainage hole and the outer wall of the cross rod, and flows into the top of the integrated water pool through the gap between the inner wall of the drainage hole and the outer wall of the cross rod, and flows into the top and bottom of the integrated water pool for recycling after being filtered again by the replaceable filter cotton layer;

[0019] When the crop is ripe and harvested, the crops in the low planting trough are harvested first, and then the first sprocket motor and the second sprocket motor are started synchronously to drive the two chains to rotate. During the rotation of the chains, the planting trough at the high position falls to the low position in a cyclic sequence under the driving action of the rolling support shaft, and the operator harvests the crops in the planting trough in turn at the low position.

[0020] The present invention has the following positive effects:

[0021] First of all, the present invention is different from the traditional fixed three-dimensional irrigation structure. It uses reinforced cross bars on the outside to fix the two support plates, and then a planting trough that can move back and forth is set between the two support plates. Driven by the chain, the planting trough can not only follow the transmission of the chain to achieve reciprocating rotation in the longitudinal space, but also can achieve height lifting in the longitudinal space, overcoming the defect of traditional equipment that requires auxiliary equipment to lift and lower for planting, harvesting, picking, etc. in higher spaces during use. The above operations can be achieved in a low-space position, thereby improving work and operation efficiency.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention abandons the traditional three-dimensional drip irrigation pipeline layout method and adopts an irrigation method of a horizontally arranged water supply pipe fixedly mounted between two support plates on the inner side of the chain. In combination with a directional sprinkler that can spray and irrigate in a directional manner, it can be achieved that when the planting trough rotates or positions with the rotation of the chain, the directional sprinkler can implement precise directional irrigation for the crops on the top of the planting trough, and the sprinkler operation is always arranged inside a plurality of planting troughs arranged in a three-dimensional ring structure. The setting direction of the water supply pipe is consistent with the length direction of the planting trough. When the irrigation operation is running, the crops on the top of the planting troughs on both sides can be irrigated through a number of directional sprinklers arranged on the side walls of the water supply pipe. The planting trough is movable and the water supply pipe is fixed for irrigation. The dynamic and static longitudinal three-dimensional irrigation mode eliminates the complicated pipeline design. The overall exposure of the water supply pipeline and the combination of directional sprinkler irrigation are convenient for inspection and maintenance.

[0023] Again, the present invention sets up an independent water circulation irrigation method. After the irrigation water in the integrated water pool is output to the water supply pipe and the directional nozzle for irrigation through the pumping pipe, the wastewater and surplus irrigation water due to overflow or not absorbed by the soil matrix will eventually be received by the integrated water pool at the bottom. A very small amount of overflow water flows directly from the top into the integrated water pool at the bottom. After the drainage hole at the bottom is opened, the surplus accumulated water not absorbed by the soil matrix will flow into the top of the integrated water pool through the gap between the inner wall of the drainage hole and the outer wall of the cross rod, thereby realizing the efficient utilization of water resources as a whole. During the discharge process, the surplus water is double-filtered by the filter rack and the replaceable filter cotton layer, and the purified water is reused for repeated irrigation, which greatly saves water resources.

[0024] Finally, the present invention provides a three-dimensional irrigation method, which utilizes the combination of fixed irrigation water pipes arranged in the longitudinal space and several planting troughs that can rotate and move in the longitudinal space to realize the sprinkler irrigation operation of the external pipeline. In the planting stage, the entire planting trough can be fully controlled in position, and planting can be completed without auxiliary climbing equipment. In the irrigation process, a dynamic and static irrigation method is coordinated with each other to implement uniform sprinkler irrigation to the rear position in the width direction of the planting trough. The irrigation adopts a water mist spray method, which is suitable for the needs of foliar irrigation of crops. At the same time, the roots of the crops are fixed by planting limit plates, and the method of combining sufficient and uniform irrigation and drainage operations is used to ensure the water demand at each stage of the crop growth process, and realize the recycling and purification of water resources. In the harvesting stage, efficient corresponding harvesting operations can also be implemented at a low position, which greatly improves the utilization efficiency of water resources, while saving operation time and reducing operation difficulty, making the irrigation operation in the three-dimensional planting process more efficient and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a side view of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the planting trough of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the integrated water pool of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the planting trough of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the following description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. The term "connected" simply indicates a connection between devices and does not have any special meaning.

[0035] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, a three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system comprises two support plates 1, which are respectively installed on the inner sides of the two support plates 1 with two chains 7 through support sprockets 6, and the first sprocket motor 5 and the second sprocket motor 20 driving the two chains 7 are connected, and a rolling support shaft 8 is installed between the two chains 7, and a planting trough 10 is connected below the rolling support shaft 8, an integrated water pool 4 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the two support plates 1, a water pump 12 is installed in the integrated water pool 4, and the water pump 12 is connected to the water supply pipe 17 through a water pumping pipe 13, and a directional nozzle 18 corresponding to the top surface of the planting trough 10 is provided on the water supply pipe 17, an opening and closing block 16 is fixedly installed on the integrated water pool 4, and a touch opening and closing drainage device cooperating with the opening and closing block 16 is installed at the bottom of the planting trough 10. The touch opening and closing drainage device includes a drainage hole 27 opened at the bottom of the planting trough 10, a filter rack 23 is arranged in the planting trough 10 above the drainage hole 27, a cross rod 11 is installed in the drainage hole 27, a closing piece 26 is installed on the top of the cross rod 11, and a gravity block 28 that cooperates with the opening and closing block 16 is provided at the bottom of the cross rod 11. A planting limit plate 21 is installed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the planting trough 10, and the planting limit plate 21 is provided with planting holes 30 in an array structure. The inner cavity of the planting trough 10 between the filter rack 23 and the planting limit plate 21 is filled with a planting matrix 22.

[0036] Specifically, the two support plates are fixedly installed to support the irrigation, planting, electrical appliances, and water-saving recycling equipment in the entire system. The support sprocket 6 is installed on the inner side of the support plate 1 to support the chain, which is driven by the two sprocket motors to achieve meshing rotation. The rolling support shaft 8 supports the planting trough 10 in the length direction. As the rolling support shaft 8 rotates with the chain 7, the planting trough 10 changes position due to gravity. Under the rolling rotation of the rolling support shaft 8, the top of the planting trough 10 below it remains horizontal no matter where the rolling support shaft 8 runs to. This enhances the practicality of this product and allows the top surface stability of the planting trough 10 to be achieved without the need for external auxiliary equipment. During the operation of the sprocket motor 20, the planting trough 10 will follow the chain 7 to rotate in a runway circle outside the water supply pipe 17. After the gravity block 28 at the bottom of one of the planting troughs 10 touches the top of the opening and closing block 16, the cross rod 11 moves upward in the drainage hole 27. During the displacement, the bottom of the drainage hole 26 is separated from the top of the drainage hole 27, and the excess water in the planting matrix 22 is filtered by the filter rack 23 and flows out through the gap between the drainage hole 27 and the cross rod 11, and is received and recovered by the integrated water pool 4.

[0037] A reinforcing crossbar 2 is provided between the two support plates 1. Four support sprockets 6 are provided on the inner side of each support plate 1. The chains 7 are arranged in a circular or square runway structure. The four support sprockets 6 in each support plate 1 are symmetrically installed. The output ends of the first sprocket motor 5 and the second sprocket motor 20 are respectively connected to one of the support sprockets 6 on the inner side. A rolling support rod 29 is provided on the inner side of the rolling support shaft 8. The two ends of the rolling support rod 29 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two chains 7. Several rolling support shafts 8 are evenly installed between the two chains 7. Each rolling support shaft 8 is connected to the top of the planting trough 10 via a tripod 9. The planting trough 10 is a square trough structure with an upper width not less than the lower width.

[0038] Specifically, there are six reinforcing cross bars 2, two of which are at the top and four at the bottom. The two reinforcing cross bars 2 at the top are located above the top of the chain 7. When the chain drives the rolling support shaft 8 to rotate, the two reinforcing cross bars 2 at the top will not cause any obstruction. One of the four supporting sprockets 6 is a driving wheel, and the other three serve to assist in supporting the chain 7. The rolling support rod 29 is fixedly installed when in use, with its two ends fixed to the two chains. The rolling support shaft 8 is mounted on the outside of the rolling support rod 29 and can rotate freely. The top of the tripod 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rolling support shaft 8. During the rotation operation, the planting trough 10 can drive the upper rolling support shaft 8 to rotate under the action of its own weight, thereby maintaining the continuous stability of the top surface of the planting trough 10 during the rotation operation.

[0039] The length of the integrated water pool 4 is no less than that of the planting trough 10. A leaking support orifice plate 14 is provided in the upper middle portion of the inner cavity of the integrated water pool 4. A replaceable filter cotton layer 15 is laid above the leaking support orifice plate 14. A water injection pipe and a sewage pipe are provided on the integrated water pool 4. A control host 3 is installed on the outer wall of the integrated water pool 4. The water extraction pipe 13 is longitudinally arranged on the outside of the support plate 1. At least one solenoid valve 19 is installed on the water extraction pipe 13. The water supply pipe 17 is transversely arranged between the inner walls of the two support plates 1 on the inner side of the chain 7. The first sprocket motor 5 and the second sprocket motor 20 are synchronous stepper motors. Directional nozzles 18 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the water supply pipe 17. The directional nozzles 18 are connected to the water supply pipe 17 through a guide water supply pipe, which is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0040] Specifically, the integrated water pool 4 plays the role of receiving and purifying recycled water. The replaceable filter cotton layer 15 filters the surplus water discharged from the bottom of the planting trough 10, and the leakage support orifice plate 14 supports the replaceable filter cotton layer 15. The control host 3 is connected to the first sprocket motor 5, the second sprocket motor 20, the water pump 12 and the solenoid valve 19 through wires, and implements control. The number of solenoid valves 19 is determined according to the number of water supply pipes 17. Ensure that a solenoid valve 19 is set on the water pump 13 between every two water supply pipes 17. When in use, the corresponding water supply pipe 17 can be opened for water supply according to specific needs.

[0041] The opening and closing block 16 is a long strip structure with an arc-shaped top. The opening and closing block 16 is fixedly installed in the middle position of the top surface in the length direction of the integrated water tank 4. The filter rack 23 is a semicircular cavity structure with a filter installed. The filter rack 23 is set on the bottom surface of the planting trough 10 in the length direction. The cross rod 11 is a rod-shaped structure with a cross section. The outer diameter of the cross rod 11 is not larger than the inner diameter of the drainage hole 27. The closing piece 26 is located below the filter rack 23. The diameter of the closing piece 26 is not smaller than the inner diameter of the drainage hole 27. A soil moisture wireless monitoring probe is inserted into the planting trough 10, and the soil moisture wireless monitoring probe is connected to the receiver installed in the control host 3 via a wireless connection.

[0042] Specifically, the opening and closing block 16 adopts a long strip structure, which can ensure that its top surface touches the bottom of the gravity block 28. The filter frame 23 with a semicircular cavity structure can provide a storage space for the discharge of excess wastewater. The cross rod 11 has a cross-shaped cross-section structure, which facilitates the discharge of wastewater.

[0043] When the present invention is in operation, during the initial planting operation, the first sprocket motor 5 and the second sprocket motor 20 are synchronously started to drive the two chains 7 to rotate. During the rotation of the chains 7, the planting trough 10 at the high position falls to the low position in a cyclic sequence under the driving action of the rolling support shaft 8. The operator plants the crops in the planting holes 30 of the planting trough 10 in sequence at the low position. During the post-planting irrigation operation, the soil moisture data collected by the soil moisture wireless monitoring probe is transmitted to the receiver. The receiver transmits the integrated irrigation demand data to the control host 3. The control host 3 starts the water pump 12 and the corresponding solenoid valve 19 according to the demand. The water source in the integrated water pool 4 is transported to the water supply pipe 17 through the water pump pipe 13 and the solenoid valve 19. The directional nozzles 18 on both sides of each water supply pipe 17 operate at different heights to perform spray irrigation operations on the crops in the planting trough 10 on the lower side. When the soil moisture reaches the demand, the water pump 12 is turned off.

[0044] When the drainage operation after irrigation is in operation, the two chains 7 are driven to rotate by synchronously starting the first sprocket motor 5 and the second sprocket motor 20. During the rotation of the chain 7, the planting trough 10 at the high position falls to the low position in a cyclic sequence under the driving action of the rolling support shaft 8. When the planting trough 10 at the lowest position moves above the opening and closing block 16, the gravity block 28 touches the opening and closing block 16 and moves upward. In the process of moving upward, the closing piece 26 breaks away from the obstruction of the drainage hole 27, and the surplus water in the planting matrix 22 is filtered through the filter frame 23 and enters the drainage hole 27, and flows into the top of the integrated water pool 4 from the gap between the inner wall of the drainage hole 27 and the outer wall of the cross rod 11. After being filtered again by the replaceable filter cotton layer 15, it flows into the top and bottom of the integrated water pool 4 for recycling. When the crop ripening and harvesting operation is in progress, the crops in the low-position planting trough 10 are harvested first, and then the first sprocket motor 5 and the second sprocket motor 20 are started synchronously to drive the two chains 7 to rotate. During the rotation of the chains 7, the planting trough 10 at the high position falls to the low position in a cyclic sequence under the driving action of the rolling support shaft 8, and the operator harvests the crops in the planting trough 10 at the low position in turn.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other manner. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above-disclosed technical content to modify or modify the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments that do not depart from the technical content of the present invention and are based on the technical essence of the present invention remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system, comprising two support plates (1), each of which is mounted on the inner side of the two support plates (1) via a support sprocket (6), wherein two chains (7) are provided, and a first sprocket motor (5) and a second sprocket motor (20) driving the two chains (7) are connected, characterized in that: A rolling support shaft (8) is installed between the two chains (7), and a planting trough (10) is connected below the rolling support shaft (8). An integrated water pool (4) is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the two support plates (1). A water pump (12) is installed in the integrated water pool (4). The water pump (12) is connected to a water supply pipe (17) through a water pump pipe (13). A directional nozzle (18) corresponding to the top surface of the planting trough (10) is provided on the water supply pipe (17). An opening and closing block (16) is fixedly installed on the integrated water pool (4), and a touch opening and closing drainage device that cooperates with the opening and closing block (16) is installed at the bottom of the planting trough (10).

2. The three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The touch opening and closing drainage device comprises a drainage hole (27) provided at the bottom of the planting trough (10); a filter rack (23) is provided in the planting trough (10) above the drainage hole (27); a cross rod (11) is provided in the drainage hole (27); a closing piece (26) is provided at the top of the cross rod (11); a gravity block (28) matched with an opening and closing block (16) is provided at the bottom of the cross rod (11); a planting limit plate (21) is provided at the upper part of the inner cavity of the planting trough (10); planting holes (30) in an array structure are provided on the planting limit plate (21); and the inner cavity of the planting trough (10) between the filter rack (23) and the planting limit plate (21) is filled with a planting matrix (22).

3. The three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing crossbar (2) is provided between the two support plates (1), four support sprockets (6) are provided on the inner side of each support plate (1), and the chain (7) is in a circular runway or a square runway structure. The four support sprockets (6) in each support plate (1) are symmetrically installed, and the output ends of the first sprocket motor (5) and the second sprocket motor (20) are respectively connected to one of the support sprockets (6) on the inner side thereof.

4. The three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rolling support rod (29) is mounted on the inner side of the rolling support shaft (8), and the two ends of the rolling support rod (29) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two chains (7). A plurality of rolling support shafts (8) are evenly installed between the two chains (7). Each rolling support shaft (8) is connected to the top of the planting trough (10) through a tripod (9). The planting trough (10) is a square trough structure with an upper width not less than a lower width.

5. The three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the integrated water pool (4) is not less than the length of the planting trough (10), a water leakage support orifice plate (14) is provided in the upper middle part of the inner cavity of the integrated water pool (4), a replaceable filter cotton layer (15) is laid above the water leakage support orifice plate (14), a water injection pipe and a sewage discharge pipe are provided on the integrated water pool (4), and a control host (3) is installed on the outer wall of the integrated water pool (4).

6. The three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water extraction pipe (13) is longitudinally arranged outside the support plate (1), and at least one electromagnetic valve (19) is installed on the water extraction pipe (13). The water supply pipe (17) is transversely arranged between the inner walls of the two support plates (1) on the inner side of the chain (7). The first sprocket motor (5) and the second sprocket motor (20) are synchronous stepping motors. Directional nozzles (18) are provided on both the front and rear sides of the water supply pipe (17). The directional nozzles (18) are connected to the water supply pipe (17) through a guide water supply pipe, and the guide water supply pipe is parallel to the horizontal plane.

7. The three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing stopper (16) is a long strip structure with an arc-shaped top. The opening and closing stopper (16) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the top surface in the longitudinal direction of the integrated water pool (4).

8. The three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter rack (23) is a semicircular cavity structure with a filter installed. The filter rack (23) is arranged on the bottom surface of the planting trough (10) in the longitudinal direction. The cross rod (11) is a rod-shaped structure with a cross section. The outer diameter of the cross rod (11) is not greater than the inner diameter of the drainage hole (27). The closing piece (26) is located below the filter rack (23). The diameter of the closing piece (26) is not less than the inner diameter of the drainage hole (27).

9. The three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A soil moisture wireless monitoring probe is inserted into the planting trough (10), and the soil moisture wireless monitoring probe is connected to a receiver installed in the control host (3) via a wireless connection.

10. A three-dimensional irrigation method of the three-dimensional water-saving irrigation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method is: During the initial planting operation, the first sprocket motor (5) and the second sprocket motor (20) are synchronously started to drive the two chains (7) to rotate. During the rotation of the chains (7), the planting troughs (10) at the upper position fall into the lower position in a cyclical order under the driving action of the rolling support shaft (8). The operator plants the crops in the corresponding planting holes (30) of the planting troughs (10) at the lower position in sequence. When the irrigation operation is in progress after planting, the soil moisture data collected by the soil moisture wireless monitoring probe is transmitted to the receiver, and the receiver transmits the integrated irrigation demand data to the control host (3). The control host (3) turns on the water pump (12) and the corresponding electromagnetic valve (19) according to the demand, and the water source in the integrated water pool (4) is transported to the water supply pipe (17) through the water pump pipe (13) and the electromagnetic valve (19). The directional nozzles (18) on both sides of each water supply pipe (17) perform spray irrigation operations on the crops in the planting trough (10) on the lower side thereof at different heights. When the soil moisture reaches the demand, the water pump (12) is turned off. During the drainage operation after irrigation, the first sprocket motor (5) and the second sprocket motor (20) are synchronously started to drive the two chains (7) to rotate. During the rotation of the chains (7), the planting trough (10) at the higher position falls to the lower position in a circular sequence under the driving action of the rolling support shaft (8). When the planting trough (10) at the lowest position moves above the opening and closing block (16), the gravity block (28) touches the opening and closing block (16) and moves upward. During the upward movement, the closing piece (26) is separated from the obstruction of the drainage hole (27). The surplus water in the planting matrix (22) is filtered by the filter rack (23) and enters the drainage hole (27). It flows into the top of the integrated water pool (4) from the gap between the inner wall of the drainage hole (27) and the outer wall of the cross rod (11), and flows into the top of the integrated water pool (4) through the gap between the inner wall of the drainage hole (27) and the outer wall of the cross rod (11). After being filtered again by the replaceable filter cotton layer (15), it flows into the top and bottom of the integrated water pool (4) for recycling. When the crop harvesting operation is in progress, the crops in the lower planting trough (10) are harvested first, and then the first sprocket motor (5) and the second sprocket motor (20) are synchronously started to drive the two chains (7) to rotate. During the rotation of the chains (7), the planting trough (10) at the higher position falls to the lower position in a cyclical order under the driving action of the rolling support shaft (8), and the operator harvests the crops in the planting trough (10) in the lower position in sequence.

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