Plaque treatment device

Abstract

The invention provides a plaque treatment device. The plaque treatment device comprises a catheter, a plaque destroying mechanism and a content recycling mechanism, the plaque disruption mechanism is configured to switch between an execution state and a first storage state; wherein the plaque destruction mechanism in the first storage state is loaded in the catheter and is used for moving along with the catheter; the plaque destroying mechanism in the execution state is used for destroying the bag wall of a target plaque, and the content recycling mechanism is used for recycling the content of the target plaque. By means of the configuration, the plaque destroying mechanism can be used for destroying the wrapping wall of the target plaque in a physical mode, so that the content of the target plaque can be recycled by the content recycling mechanism, and harm caused by blood circulation is avoided. The device is a mechanical treatment mode for the vulnerable plaque, and has the advantages that fundamental problems can be rapidly solved, accurate treatment is achieved, and the purpose of rapidly and thoroughly treating the vulnerable plaque is achieved.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the Chinese patent application number: 202211475541.0, invention name: Plaque treatment device Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a plaque treatment device. Background Art

[0003] Vulnerable plaques, also known as unstable plaques, soft plaques, and high-risk plaques, refer to rapidly unstable, high-risk plaques within atherosclerotic plaques that have a propensity to thrombosis. These plaques are characterized by a thin fibrous cap and a large lipid core, making them highly susceptible to rupture and poor stability, making them prone to acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. For example, some patients may not have severe stenosis (less than 50%), but because they have vulnerable plaques, they may experience acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events such as myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, and acute cerebral infarction at any time. Clinically, 75% of acute myocardial infarctions are caused by the rupture of vulnerable plaques, seriously impacting people's quality of life.

[0004] Vulnerable plaques are currently primarily treated with medications. For example, statins for enhanced lipid-lowering are the primary treatment approach. Other medications, such as anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs, reduce local arterial inflammation and inhibit thrombosis following plaque rupture; GPⅡb / Ⅲa antagonists and heparin (UFH), which improve perfusion and reduce embolism; and calcium channel blockers, which slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. These medications all play a role in treating vulnerable plaques. However, these medications suffer from slow onset of action, long treatment cycles, and unreliable efficacy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plaque treatment device to solve the problem that vulnerable plaques are currently treated mainly by drugs.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a plaque treatment device, comprising: a catheter, a plaque destruction mechanism, and a content recovery mechanism; the plaque destruction mechanism is configured to switch between an execution state and a first storage state;

[0007] Among them, the plaque destruction mechanism in the first storage state is loaded on the catheter and is used to move with the catheter; the plaque destruction mechanism in the execution state is used to destroy the wall of the target plaque, and the content recovery mechanism is used to recover the contents of the target plaque.

[0008] Optionally, the plaque treatment device further comprises a driving mechanism; the driving mechanism is used to drive the plaque destruction mechanism to switch between the execution state and the first storage state; the plaque destruction mechanism comprises a sharp portion connected to the driving mechanism, and when the plaque destruction mechanism switches from the first storage state to the execution state, the sharp portion extends radially relative to the catheter to puncture the wall of the target plaque.

[0009] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a slider and a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the slider, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the plaque destruction mechanism; the slider is used to move along the axial direction of the catheter to drive the plaque destruction mechanism to switch between the execution state and the first storage state through the connecting rod.

[0010] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a slider accommodating cavity and a driving fluid channel arranged along the axial direction of the catheter, the radial outer contour shape of the slider is adapted to the radial inner contour shape of the slider accommodating cavity, and the slider is movably arranged in the slider accommodating cavity along the axial direction; the driving fluid channel is connected to the slider accommodating cavity, and the driving fluid channel is used to inject the driving fluid into the slider accommodating cavity, or to absorb the driving fluid from the slider accommodating cavity, so as to drive the slider to move axially.

[0011] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a threaded driving member arranged along the axial direction of the catheter, the slider is threadedly connected to the threaded driving member, and the threaded driving member is used to rotate to drive the slider to move axially.

[0012] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes two sliders arranged axially at intervals and at least two connecting rods; each slider is connected to at least one connecting rod; and the two sliders are configured to move synchronously in opposite directions.

[0013] Optionally, the plaque destruction mechanism includes an expansion base arranged outside the catheter, the expansion base extends along the axial direction of the catheter, the sharp portion is arranged on the expansion base, the expansion base is connected to the other end of the connecting rod, and the expansion base is used to move radially under the drive of the connecting rod; wherein, when the plaque destruction mechanism is in the first storage state, the expansion base is affixed to the outer wall of the catheter; when the plaque destruction mechanism is in the execution state, the expansion base moves radially away from the catheter and is used to squeeze the wall of the target plaque.

[0014] Optionally, the plaque treatment device further comprises a driving mechanism; the driving mechanism is used to drive the plaque destruction mechanism to switch between the execution state and the first storage state; the driving mechanism comprises a driving wire and a guide member, the driving wire being connected to the sharp portion; the guide member is used to guide and change the extension direction of the driving wire; wherein, when the plaque destruction mechanism is in the first storage state, the sharp portion does not extend beyond the outermost one of the guide member and the catheter; when the plaque destruction mechanism switches from the first storage state to the execution state, the sharp portion, driven by the driving wire, extends out of the guide member and the catheter in a direction angled to the axial direction of the catheter, so as to puncture the wall of the target plaque.

[0015] Optionally, the guide member includes an arc-shaped extending guide tube segment, the proximal tangent of the guide tube segment extends along the axial direction of the catheter, and the distal tangent of the guide tube segment extends at an angle to the axial direction of the catheter and penetrates the outer wall of the catheter; the guide tube segment is used for allowing the drive wire to be movably passed through, and for guiding and changing the extension direction of the drive wire.

[0016] Optionally, the content recovery mechanism includes a blocking member having selective permeability, which allows a size no larger than a portion of the content to pass through; the blocking member is configured to switch between a blocking state and a second storage state;

[0017] When the blocking member is in the blocking state, it is used to block the downstream side of the target plaque to collect the contents larger than the permeable size;

[0018] When the blocking member is in the second storage state, it is loaded on the catheter and is used to move along with the catheter;

[0019] Wherein, when the blocking member is transformed from the blocking state to the second receiving state, the collected contents are prevented from escaping from the blocking member.

[0020] Optionally, the plaque destruction mechanism includes a sharp portion, the content recovery mechanism includes a recovery hole opened on the sharp portion along the axial direction of the sharp portion, and also includes a recovery channel extending along the axial direction of the catheter, and the recovery hole is connected to the recovery channel; the recovery channel and the recovery hole are used for sucking out the contents of the target plaque.

[0021] Optionally, the content recovery mechanism further includes a plurality of side branch holes, which are opened on the side wall of the sharp portion along the radial direction of the sharp portion and are connected to the recovery hole; the side branch holes allow the contents of the target plaque to pass through.

[0022] Optionally, the catheter is a multi-lumen tube.

[0023] In summary, the plaque treatment device provided in the present invention includes a catheter, a plaque destruction mechanism and a content recovery mechanism; the plaque destruction mechanism is configured to switch between an execution state and a first storage state; wherein the plaque destruction mechanism in the first storage state is loaded on the catheter and is used to move with the catheter; the plaque destruction mechanism in the execution state is used to destroy the wall of the target plaque, and the content recovery mechanism is used to recover the contents of the target plaque.

[0024] This configuration allows the plaque disruption mechanism to physically destroy the target plaque's walls, allowing the plaque's contents to be recovered by the contents recovery mechanism without circulating through the bloodstream and causing harm. This is a mechanical treatment for vulnerable plaques, offering the advantage of rapidly addressing the underlying issue and enabling precise treatment, resulting in a rapid and complete cure for vulnerable plaques. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the accompanying drawings are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a plaque treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a preferred example of a plaque destruction mechanism and a content recovery mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the plaque destruction mechanism is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a catheter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a preferred example of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another preferred example of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a preferred example of a sharp portion of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sharp part of the piercing the target plaque;

[0034] Figure 9is a schematic diagram of another preferred example of the plaque destruction mechanism and content recovery mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the sharp part of the probe piercing the target plaque.

[0036] In the attached figure:

[0037] 1-catheter; 2-plaque destruction mechanism; 21-sharp portion; 22-expanded base; 3-content recovery mechanism; 31-recovery hole; 32-recovery channel; 33-branch hole; 34-blocking member; 4-target plaque; 41-wall; 42-blood vessel; 5-driving mechanism; 51-slider; 52-connecting rod; 53-slider accommodating chamber; 54-driving fluid channel; 55-blocking block; 56-threaded driving member; 57-guide member; 571-extension pipe section; 572-guide pipe section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the objects, advantages, and features of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not drawn to scale. They are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in illustrating the purposes of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of the actual structure. In particular, different drawings may need to illustrate different focuses and sometimes use different scales.

[0039] As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents, the term "or" is generally used in a sense including "and / or," the term "several" is generally used in a sense including "at least one," and the term "at least two" is generally used in a sense including "two or more." Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first," "second," and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or at least two of the features, and "one end" and "the other end" as well as "proximal end" and "distal end" generally refer to corresponding parts, not just endpoints. The terms "proximal end" and "distal end" are defined herein with respect to a plaque treatment device having an end for interventional therapy and a manipulation end extending outside the body. The term "proximal" refers to the position of an element closer to the control end of the plaque treatment device extending outside the body, and the term "distal" refers to the position of an element closer to the end of the plaque treatment device that enters the human body and, therefore, farther from the control end of the plaque treatment device. Alternatively, in manual or hand-operated applications, the terms "proximal" and "distal" are defined herein relative to an operator, such as a surgeon or clinician. The term "proximal" refers to the position of an element closer to the operator, and the term "distal" refers to the position of an element closer to the plaque treatment device and, therefore, farther from the operator. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "disposed" of one element to another should be understood broadly, generally indicating a connection, coupling, mating, or transmission relationship between the two elements, which may be direct or indirect via an intermediate element. They should not be understood to indicate or imply a spatial positional relationship between the two elements, i.e., one element may be positioned inside, outside, above, below, or to the side of another element, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, directional terms such as above, below, up, down, upward, downward, left, right, etc. are used with respect to the exemplary embodiments as they are shown in the figures, with the upward or upper direction being toward the top of the corresponding figure and the downward or lower direction being toward the bottom of the corresponding figure.

[0040] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plaque treatment device to solve the problem that vulnerable plaques are currently treated mainly by drugs.

[0041] The following description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8An embodiment of the present invention provides a plaque treatment device comprising: a catheter 1, a plaque destruction mechanism 2, and a content recovery mechanism 3; the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is configured to switch between an execution state and a first storage state; wherein, in the first storage state, the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is mounted on the catheter 1 and is configured to move with the catheter 1; in the execution state, the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is configured to destroy the wall 41 of a target plaque 4, and the content recovery mechanism 3 is configured to recover the contents of the target plaque 41. It should be noted that the target plaque 4 may be a vulnerable plaque on a patient's blood vessel, or a plaque prosthesis on a blood vessel model, which can be used for operator training or surgical verification, etc. The present invention does not limit the specific content of the target plaque 4.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , take a target plaque 4 formed on the side wall of a blood vessel 42 as an example for explanation, the interior of the target plaque 4 contains some roughly solid contents (such as a lipid core) and some liquids, and the inner side of the target plaque 4 facing the blood vessel 42 is its wall 41. It can be understood that after the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is used to destroy the wall 41 of the target plaque 4, the contents in the target plaque 4 will flow into the blood vessel 42. The contents will flow to the narrow area with the blood, causing blockage, thereby triggering acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The setting of the content recovery mechanism 3 can recover the contents flowing out of the target plaque 41. With such a configuration, the plaque destruction mechanism 3 can be used to physically destroy the wall 41 of the target plaque 4, and then the contents of the target plaque 4 can be recovered by the content recovery mechanism 3, and will not cause harm with the blood circulation. It is a mechanical treatment method for vulnerable plaques. Its advantage is that it can quickly solve the fundamental problem, realize precise treatment, and achieve the purpose of quickly and thoroughly treating vulnerable plaques.

[0044] Furthermore, the plaque destruction mechanism 2 has an execution state and a first storage state, and is configured to be able to switch between the execution state and the first storage state. The main application scenario of the plaque treatment device provided in this embodiment is to intervene from the blood vessel 42 (or blood vessel model) and advance along the blood vessel to the target plaque 4. During the intervention process, the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is mainly in the first storage state, and it can move smoothly along the blood vessel 42 with the catheter 1, and minimize or avoid damage to the blood vessel wall during the movement. It should be noted that there are many ways to implement the way the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is loaded on the catheter 1 when it is in the first storage state. For example Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated example, the plaque destroying mechanism 2 is radially retractably disposed outside the catheter 1. In this case, the plaque destroying mechanism 2 is mounted on the catheter 1 in such a manner that it contracts radially until it rests against the outer wall of the catheter 1. In other embodiments, for example Figure 9 In the illustrated example, the plaque destruction mechanism 2 can be loaded on the catheter 1 in such a manner that it is retracted inside the catheter 1. Based on the above description, the present invention does not impose any particular restrictions on the manner in which the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is loaded on the catheter 1. However, it should be ensured that when the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is loaded on the catheter 1, it will not affect the forward and backward movement of the catheter 1 along the blood vessel 42. The plaque destruction mechanism 2 in the execution state can extend out of the catheter 1, so that it can be used to puncture the wall 41. In some embodiments, the target plaque 4 is located on the side wall of a roughly straight section of the blood vessel 42, and the plaque destruction mechanism 2 in the execution state can extend radially relative to the catheter 1. In other embodiments, when the target plaque 4 is located at a bend in the blood vessel 42, the execution state of the plaque destruction mechanism 2 can also be that the plaque destruction mechanism 2 extends axially relative to the catheter 1. Those skilled in the art can understand and improve based on the existing technology.

[0045] Preferably, the plaque treatment device further includes a drive mechanism 5 for driving the plaque-destroying mechanism 2 to transition between the actuating state and the first retracted state. The plaque-destroying mechanism 2 includes a sharp portion 21 connected to the drive mechanism 5. When the plaque-destroying mechanism 2 transitions from the first retracted state to the actuating state, the sharp portion 21 extends radially relative to the catheter 1 to puncture the wall 41 of the target plaque 4. In some embodiments, the transition between the actuating state and the first retracted state of the plaque-destroying mechanism 2 can occur spontaneously without actuation. For example, if the plaque-destroying mechanism 2 includes a self-expanding mesh stent, the mesh stent can spontaneously expand when extended from the distal end of the catheter 1, thereby transitioning from the first retracted state to the actuating state. However, preferably, an additional drive mechanism 5 is provided to drive the transition between the actuating state and the first retracted state of the plaque-destroying mechanism 2, thereby reliably achieving state transitions of the plaque-destroying mechanism 2 and improving the operational accuracy of the plaque-destroying mechanism 2.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the driving mechanism 5 includes a slider 51 and a connecting rod 52, one end of the connecting rod 52 is connected to the slider 51, and the other end of the connecting rod 52 is connected to the plaque destruction mechanism 2; the slider 51 is used to move along the axial direction of the catheter 1 to drive the plaque destruction mechanism 2 to switch between the execution state and the first storage state through the connecting rod 52.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the movement of the slider 51 can be achieved by injecting or sucking a driving fluid (liquid or gas). Optionally, the driving mechanism 5 includes a slider accommodating chamber 53 and a driving fluid channel 54 arranged along the axial direction of the catheter 1. The radial outer contour of the slider 51 is adapted to the radial inner contour of the slider accommodating chamber 53. The slider 51 is axially movable within the slider accommodating chamber 53. The driving fluid channel 54 is connected to the slider accommodating chamber 53 and is used to inject the driving fluid into the slider accommodating chamber 53 or to absorb the driving fluid from the slider accommodating chamber 53 to drive the slider 51 to move axially.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 Optionally, the catheter 1 is a multi-lumen tube having a plurality of lumens along the radial direction, and the slider accommodating chamber 53 is one of the lumens. In one embodiment, a block 55 is provided at the proximal end of the slider accommodating chamber 53, and the slider 51 is movably arranged at the distal end of the slider accommodating chamber 53. Preferably, the radial outer contour of the slider 51 and the radial inner contour of the slider accommodating chamber 53 are both circular, and the outer diameter of the slider 51 matches the inner diameter of the slider accommodating chamber 53. The slider 51 can be sealed against the slider accommodating chamber 53 while sliding, thereby limiting the volume of the slider accommodating chamber 53. With such a configuration, when the driving fluid is injected into the slider accommodating chamber 53 through the driving fluid channel 54, the slider 51 will be pushed toward the distal direction ( Figure 5 On the contrary, when the driving fluid is sucked from the slider accommodating chamber 53 through the driving fluid channel 54, the slider 51 will be pushed to the proximal direction ( Figure 5 (left direction in the middle). Optionally, the driving fluid channel 54 can also be opened in the catheter 1, which is one of the cavities of the catheter 1. Preferably, the slider accommodating chamber 53 and the driving fluid channel 54 are the same cavity, and the two are separated by the block 55. At the same time, the block 55 has an axial through-hole, and the slider accommodating chamber 53 and the driving fluid channel 54 are connected through the through-hole opened on the block 55. The proximal end of the driving fluid channel 54 extends out of the body along the catheter 1, and the operator can inject or aspirate the driving fluid through the proximal end of the driving fluid channel 54. Such a configuration is conducive to reducing the radial dimension of the catheter 1 and improving the passability. Of course, in some other embodiments, the driving fluid channel 54 can also be another cavity of the catheter 1 different from the slider accommodating chamber 53, or an attached cavity attached to the outside of the catheter 1, and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0049] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the plaque-destroying mechanism 2 includes an expandable base 22 disposed outside the catheter 1. The expandable base 22 extends axially along the catheter 1, and the sharp portion 21 is disposed on the expandable base 22. The expandable base 22 is connected to the other end of the connecting rod 52, and the expandable base 22 is configured to move radially under the drive of the connecting rod 52. When the plaque-destroying mechanism 2 is in the first retracted state, the expandable base 22 abuts against the outer wall of the catheter 1. When the plaque-destroying mechanism 22 is in the executed state, the expandable base 22 radially moves away from the catheter 1 and is configured to compress the surrounding wall 41 of the target plaque 4. Optionally, the ends of the connecting rod 52 are hingedly connected to the expandable base 22 and the slider 51, respectively. Optionally, the end of the connecting rod 52 connected to the slider 5 is located inside the catheter 1, and the end connected to the expansion base 22 is located outside the catheter 1. Therefore, the connecting rod 52 needs to pass through the catheter 1. To this end, the catheter 1 can be provided with a through slot corresponding to the position of the connecting rod 52 to facilitate the passage of the connecting rod 52. In this way, the axial sliding of the slider 51 is converted into radial movement of the expansion base 22, thereby driving the sharp portion 21 to move radially, thereby puncturing the package wall 41.

[0050] Preferably, the plaque destruction mechanism 2 includes at least two expansion bases 22, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the slider accommodating cavity 53, and each expansion base 22 is connected to the slider 51 via a corresponding connecting rod 52. With this configuration, when the slider 51 moves axially, the at least two expansion bases 22 can achieve uniform expansion in different directions. It should be noted that when the plaque destruction mechanism 2 includes at least two expansion bases 22, only one of the expansion bases 22 is provided with a sharp portion 21, and the other expansion bases 22 are only used to expand and abut against the inner wall of the blood vessel 42, providing a reaction force for the expansion base 22 provided with the sharp portion 21, so that the expansion base 22 provided with the sharp portion 21 can squeeze the target plaque 4 and squeeze out the contents of the target plaque 4 as much as possible. Figure 5 In the illustrated example, the plaque destruction mechanism 2 includes two extension bases 22, which are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the slider accommodating cavity 53. In some other embodiments, the extension base 22 may also be an annular grid body, which is connected to the slider 51 via a plurality of connecting rods 52. In this way, when the slider 51 moves axially, the extension base 22 can be driven to expand or contract radially and uniformly. Optionally, the extension base 22 may be, for example, an extension arm or an extension plate, and its number, size, cross-sectional shape, circumferential extension area, distribution and other parameters depend on the project implementation and the extrusion area of ​​the target plaque 4. The extension base 22 is preferably made of biocompatible materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, organic polymer, etc., and it should have a certain strength to achieve the extrusion of the target plaque 4.

[0051] Please continue to refer to Figure 3In another optional embodiment, the drive mechanism 5 includes two axially spaced sliders 51 and at least two connecting rods 52; each slider 51 is connected to at least one connecting rod 52; and the two sliders 51 are configured to move synchronously in opposite directions. The proximal end of the slider accommodating cavity 53 also utilizes another slider 51, replacing the fixed block 55. The space enclosed between the two sliders 51 defines the slider accommodating cavity 53. Consequently, when actuating fluid is injected or withdrawn into the slider accommodating cavity 53 through the actuating fluid channel 54, the two sliders 51 will move synchronously in opposite directions. Furthermore, the two sliders 51 are connected to the extension base 22 via their respective connecting rods 52. This allows the two synchronously moving sliders 51 to simultaneously drive both axial ends of the extension base 22 to move radially, thereby enabling relatively smooth radial movement of the extension base 22, for example, in an axial direction perpendicular to the slider accommodating cavity 53. Optionally, the slider 51 at the proximal end has an axially penetrating through hole, and the slider accommodating cavity 53 is communicated with the driving fluid channel 54 through the through hole provided on the slider 51 .

[0052] Please refer to Figure 6 In another preferred example, the movement of the slider 51 can be achieved by a threaded mechanical drive. Optionally, the driving mechanism 5 includes a threaded drive member 56 arranged along the axial direction of the catheter 1, and the slider 51 is threadedly connected to the threaded drive member 56, and the threaded drive member 56 is used to rotate to drive the slider 51 to move axially. In one embodiment, the threaded drive member 56 is a screw with an external thread, and the slider 51 has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the screw, so that when the threaded drive member 56 rotates, the slider 51 can be driven to move axially. In another embodiment, the threaded drive member 56 can also be a sleeve with an internal thread, and the slider 51 has an external thread that matches the internal thread of the sleeve, so that the slider 51 can also be driven to move axially by rotating the threaded drive member 56. Furthermore, the drive mechanism 5 may also include two sliders 51 spaced apart in the axial direction. The two sliders 51 are simultaneously threadedly connected to the threaded drive member 56. The threads of the two sliders 51 have opposite rotation directions. Accordingly, the threaded drive member 56 has two sections of threads with opposite rotation directions to match the threads of the two sliders 51. With this configuration, when the threaded drive member 56 rotates, it can synchronously drive the two sliders 51 to move synchronously in opposite directions.

[0053] Optional, please refer to Figure 3In a preferred embodiment, the content recovery mechanism 3 includes a recovery hole 31 extending axially through the sharp portion 21. The content recovery mechanism 3 also includes a recovery channel 32 extending axially along the catheter 1, the recovery hole 31 communicating with the recovery channel 32. The recovery channel 32 and the recovery hole 31 are used to aspirate the contents of the target plaque 4. In this preferred embodiment, the sharp portion 21 is a generally hollow needle with a sharp end capable of piercing the wall 41 of the target plaque 4 and entering the interior of the target plaque 4. Preferably, the expandable base 22 provided with the sharp portion 21 is a hollow member having an inner lumen, the distal end of which is closed, and the proximal end of which is connected to a lumen of the catheter 1 via a connecting tube. The recovery hole 31 communicates with the inner lumen of the expandable base 22. Thus, the inner lumen of the expandable base 22, the connecting tube, and the lumen of the catheter 1, connected sequentially from the distal end to the proximal end, together constitute the recovery channel 32. The proximal end of the recovery channel 32 extends outside the body, and the operator can recover the contents contained within the target plaque 4 through the recovery channel 32 and the recovery hole 31, for example, by suction or by squeezing the target plaque 4 by expanding the base 22. It will be appreciated that the inner diameters of the recovery channel 32 and the recovery hole 31 should be larger than the size of the contents to ensure smooth discharge of the contents.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 Furthermore, the content recovery mechanism 3 further includes a plurality of side branch holes 33, the side branch holes 32 being opened on the side wall of the sharp portion 21 along the radial direction of the sharp portion 21 and being connected to the recovery hole 31; the side branch holes 33 allow the contents of the target plaque 4 to pass through. Figure 3, examining the entire recovery process of the contents of the target plaque 4 by the contents recovery mechanism 3, the sharp portion 21 first pierces the package wall 41 to enter the target plaque 4. At this stage, the contents of the target plaque 4 can enter the recovery channel 32 through the recovery hole 31 of the sharp portion 21. Then the expanded base 22 moves outward and abuts against the package wall 41, squeezing the target plaque 4. At this stage, the contents of the target plaque 4 can still enter the recovery channel 32 through the recovery hole 31 of the sharp portion 21. Furthermore, in order to enable the contents of the target plaque 4 to be removed as cleanly as possible, the expanded base 22 continues to move outward and squeeze the target plaque 4. At this stage, the tip of the sharp portion 21 may have pierced the entire target plaque 4 and penetrated into the blood vessel wall, or even pierced the blood vessel wall to reach the extravascular tissue. At this stage, the distal end of the recovery hole 31 has exceeded the target plaque 4 and cannot allow the contents to pass through. The provision of the side pores 33 provides another path for the contents to enter the recovery hole 31. When the target plaque 4 is further squeezed by the expanded base 22, the contents of the target plaque 4 can enter the recovery hole 31 through the side pores 33. It can be understood that since the side pores 33 allow the contents to pass through, their inner diameter should be larger than the size of the contents.

[0055] Furthermore, to avoid excessive damage to the blood vessel 42, the outer diameter of the sharp portion 21 should be as small as possible. For example, the inner diameter of the recovery hole 31 should be slightly larger than the maximum possible size of the contents. To accelerate the discharge of the contents, the plaque destruction mechanism 2 includes two or more sharp portions 21. Increasing the number of sharp portions 21 can reduce the negative impact of the size of the sharp portions 21 on effectiveness. In one embodiment, the two or more sharp portions 21 are arranged on the same extended base 22.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10In another preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism 5 includes a driving wire (not shown) and a guide member 57, wherein the driving wire is connected to the sharp portion 21. The guide member 57 is used to guide and change the extension direction of the driving wire to allow the driving wire to drive the plaque destruction mechanism 2 to switch between the execution state and the first retracted state. When the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is in the first retracted state, the sharp portion 21 does not extend beyond the guide member 57 or the catheter 1, whichever is more external. When the plaque destruction mechanism 2 switches from the first retracted state to the execution state, the sharp portion 21, driven by the driving wire, extends out of the guide member 57 and the catheter 1 in a direction angled with respect to the axial direction of the catheter 1, thereby puncturing the wall 41 of the target plaque 4. Specifically, in some embodiments, the guide member 57 may be entirely located within the catheter 1, that is, the guide member 57 is located more externally than the catheter 1. When the plaque destruction mechanism 2 is in the first retracted state, the sharp portion 21 does not extend beyond the catheter 1. In this case, even if the sharp portion 21 extends beyond the guide member 57, as long as it does not extend beyond the outer wall of the catheter 1, it will be shielded and protected by the catheter 1. In other embodiments, the guide member 57 may partially extend outside the catheter 1, that is, the guide member 57 is located further outward of the catheter 1. In this case, even if the sharp portion 21 extends beyond the outer wall of the catheter 1, as long as it does not extend beyond the guide member 57, it will not be a problem.

[0057] like Figure 9 As shown, in one exemplary embodiment, the guide member 57 is a tubular member comprising an extension tube segment 571 located within the catheter 1, wherein the extension tube segment 571 may be a lumen of the catheter 1. Furthermore, the guide member 57 further comprises an arcuately extending guide tube segment 572, wherein the proximal end of the guide tube segment 572 extends tangentially along the axial direction of the catheter 1, for example, connected to the extension tube segment 571. The distal end of the guide tube segment 572 extends tangentially at an angle to the axial direction of the catheter 1 and penetrates the outer wall of the catheter 1. The guide tube segment 572 is used to allow the drive wire to be movably passed through, and to guide and change the extension direction of the drive wire. Optionally, the proximal end of the drive wire passes through the extension tube segment 571 and extends outside the body, and the operator can operate the drive wire to move forward and backward. It is understandable that the drive wire is movably passed through the guide member 57, and its advance and retreat direction will be restricted and guided by the guide member 57. As the drive wire and its distal tip 21 reach the guide tube section 572, they gradually bend outward. After passing through the guide tube section 572, the extension direction of the drive wire and tip 21 forms an angle with the axial direction of the catheter 1, allowing them to exit the catheter 1. Further distal advancement of the drive wire causes the tip 21 to extend out of the guide tube section 572, transitioning the plaque disruption mechanism 2 to the aforementioned active state. It will be appreciated that when the tip 21 does not extend out of the guide tube section 572, the plaque disruption mechanism 2 can be considered to be in the first retracted state.

[0058] Suitable for Figure 9 and Figure 10 The plaque destruction mechanism 2 and content recovery mechanism 3 in the illustrated example can also be the same as those in the previous examples, namely, including a recovery hole 31 and a recovery channel 32. After the sharp portion 21 penetrates the wall 41 of the target plaque 4 and enters the interior of the target plaque 4, the contents of the target plaque 4 can be aspirated through the proximal end of the recovery channel 32.

[0059] Furthermore, this embodiment provides another preferred example of the content recovery mechanism 3, wherein the content recovery mechanism 3 includes a blocking member 34, which has selective permeability and allows a permeable size not larger than the size of part of the contents; the blocking member 34 is configured to switch between a blocking state and a second storage state; when the blocking member 34 is in the blocking state, it is used to block the downstream side of the target plaque 4 to collect the contents with a size larger than the permeable size; when the blocking member 34 is in the second storage state, it is loaded on the catheter 1 and is used to move with the catheter 1; wherein, during the process of switching from the blocking state to the second storage state, the collected contents are prevented from escaping from the blocking member 34.

[0060] Optionally, the occluding member 34 includes an expandable and contractible elastic structure, such as a mesh support made of nickel-titanium wire, so that the occluding member 34 can be contracted and accommodated in the catheter 1, so as to move along with the catheter 1 and be transported into the blood vessel 42. When the occluding member 34 reaches the vicinity of the target plaque 4, it is driven to extend out of the distal end of the catheter 1, and then the occluding member 34 expands and blocks the downstream of the target plaque 4. It should be noted that the downstream here refers to the downstream side along the blood flow in the blood vessel 42. For example Figure 9 In the illustrated example, the blood flows from left to right, and the blocking member 34 is located on the right side of the target plaque 4. Since the elastic structure of the blocking member 34, such as a mesh support, has relatively large gaps, the blocking member 34 further includes a semipermeable membrane, which covers the elastic structure. Preferably, when the blocking member 34 expands and blocks downstream of the target plaque 4, the semipermeable membrane and the elastic structure can completely cover the entire cross-section of the blood vessel 42. The semipermeable membrane has selective permeability, and the size allowed to pass through is no larger than the size of part of the contents. Moreover, the size allowed to pass through is larger than the size of blood cells and other blood substances. In this way, the semipermeable membrane can allow blood cells and other blood substances to pass through. When the blocking member 34 expands and blocks the blood vessel 42, the larger contents in the target plaque 4 that are at risk of forming thrombosis can be blocked by the semipermeable membrane on the side where blood flows in, avoiding risks arising from blood circulation.

[0061] Furthermore, when the blocking member 34 transitions from the blocking state to the second storage state, the collected contents are prevented from escaping from the blocking member 34. In one exemplary embodiment, the elastic structure of the blocking member 34 is, for example, umbrella-shaped, so that the contents are prevented from escaping when the blocking member 34 moves toward the proximal end and is stored in the catheter 1.

[0062] Preferably, Figure 9 and Figure 10 In the illustrated example, the sharp portion 21 may be in the shape of a blade, which can not only penetrate the target plaque 4 but also be used to cut open the packaging wall 42 , allowing the contents in the target plaque 4 to quickly flow out into the blood vessel 42 .

[0063] During use, the catheter 1 is conveyed along the guidewire to the vicinity of the target plaque 4. The catheter 1 can then be rotated circumferentially, with the distal end of the guide tube segment 572 tangentially facing the target plaque 4. At this point, the occluding member 34 is driven to release downstream of the target plaque 4 and transition to a blocking state, blocking the blood vessel 42. The drive wire and sharp portion 21 are then pushed forward, moving them forward and extending out of the catheter 1 under the guidance of the guide tube segment 572 until the sharp portion 21 faces the target plaque 4. At this point, the sharp portion 21 is manipulated to pierce the wall 41 of the target plaque 4, releasing the contents within the target plaque 4. Under the influence of blood flow, the contents reach the vicinity of the occluding member 34, where they are blocked by the semipermeable membrane under the influence of blood pressure and collected by the occluding member 34. When the contents in the target plaque 4 are basically filtered and adsorbed on the semipermeable membrane surface of the blocking member 34, the blocking member 34 can be recovered and switched to the second storage state. The blocking member 34 and the filtered and collected contents are loaded into the catheter 1 and withdrawn from the body.

[0064] It is understood that the preferred example of the content recovery mechanism 3 including the blocking member 34 is not limited to applications such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 In the example shown, it can also be applied in Figure 2 In the preferred example shown. In addition, the content recovery mechanism 3 is not limited to only including one of the blocking member 34 and the recovery hole 31, but can also include both, for example, Figure 2 In the illustrated example, a blocking member 34 can also be incorporated so that if a small amount of content leaks out from the package wall 41 when squeezed, it can also be recovered by the blocking member 34, thereby improving reliability and safety.

[0065] In summary, the plaque treatment device provided in the present invention includes a catheter, a plaque destruction mechanism and a content recovery mechanism; the plaque destruction mechanism is configured to switch between an execution state and a first storage state; wherein the plaque destruction mechanism in the first storage state is loaded on the catheter and is used to move with the catheter; the plaque destruction mechanism in the execution state is used to destroy the wall of the target plaque, and the content recovery mechanism is used to recover the contents of the target plaque. With such a configuration, the plaque destruction mechanism can be used to physically destroy the wall of the target plaque, and then the contents of the target plaque can be recovered by the content recovery mechanism without causing harm with the blood circulation. It is a mechanical treatment method for vulnerable plaques, and its advantage is that it can quickly solve the fundamental problem, realize precise treatment, and achieve the purpose of quickly and thoroughly treating vulnerable plaques.

[0066] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be combined with each other. The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes and modifications made by ordinary technicians in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosure are within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A plaque treatment device, characterized in that include: A catheter, a plaque destruction mechanism, a content recovery mechanism, and a driving mechanism; the plaque destruction mechanism includes a sharp portion connected to the driving mechanism; The driving mechanism is used to drive the plaque destruction mechanism to switch between the execution state and the first storage state; the plaque destruction mechanism in the first storage state is loaded on the catheter and is used to move with the catheter; the plaque destruction mechanism in the execution state is used to destroy the wall of the target plaque, and the content recovery mechanism is used to recover the content of the target plaque; The driving mechanism includes a driving wire and a guide member, the driving wire is connected to the sharp portion; the guide member is used to guide and change the extension direction of the driving wire; wherein, when the plaque destruction mechanism is in the first storage state, the sharp portion does not extend beyond the outermost one of the guide member and the catheter; when the plaque destruction mechanism is converted from the first storage state to the execution state, the sharp portion extends out of the guide member and the catheter in a direction angled to the axial direction of the catheter under the drive of the driving wire, so as to puncture the wall of the target plaque.

2. The plaque treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that The guide member includes an arc-shaped extending guide tube segment, the proximal end tangent of the guide tube segment extends along the axial direction of the catheter, and the distal end tangent of the guide tube segment extends at an angle to the axial direction of the catheter and penetrates the outer wall of the catheter; the guide tube segment is used for allowing the drive wire to be movably passed through, and is used to guide and change the extension direction of the drive wire.

3. The plaque treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The content recovery mechanism includes a blocking member having selective permeability, which allows the permeation of a size no larger than a portion of the content; the blocking member is configured to switch between a blocking state and a second storage state; When the blocking member is in the blocking state, it is used to block the downstream side of the target plaque to collect the contents larger than the permeable size; When the blocking member is in the second storage state, it is loaded on the catheter and is used to move along with the catheter; Wherein, when the blocking member is transformed from the blocking state to the second receiving state, the collected contents are prevented from escaping from the blocking member.

4. The plaque treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The content recovery mechanism includes a recovery hole opened on the sharp portion along the axial direction of the sharp portion, and also includes a recovery channel extending along the axial direction of the catheter, and the recovery hole is connected to the recovery channel; the recovery channel and the recovery hole are used for sucking out the contents of the target plaque.

5. The plaque treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that The content recovery mechanism further includes a plurality of side branch holes, which are opened on the side wall of the sharp portion along the radial direction of the sharp portion and are connected to the recovery hole; the side branch holes allow the contents of the target plaque to pass through.

6. The plaque treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The catheter is a multi-lumen tube.

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