A pill raw material crushing device and a crushing method

Abstract

The application provides a pill raw material crushing device and a crushing method, and belongs to the technical field of medicine processing. The device comprises a rack, a crushing box and a feeding hopper. A side of the crushing box is provided with a side cover. A sieve and a crushing assembly are arranged in the crushing box. A discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box. The inside of the feeding hopper is sequentially divided into a storage cavity and a pressing cavity from top to bottom. A stirring piece for stirring the raw material to move downward is arranged in the storage cavity. A pressing roller is arranged at one end of the pressing cavity. A plurality of partitions are arranged on the pressing roller for separating the raw material into multiple portions. A discharging port is arranged at one side of the bottom of the pressing cavity. Through the cooperation of the stirring piece and the pressing roller, the raw material bridging is effectively prevented, the material breakage problem is avoided, the rotating stirring assembly is matched, the raw material is ensured to orderly enter the discharging port, the clogging is prevented, the continuous falling of the raw material is maintained, and the crushing assembly can continuously and stably operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of pharmaceutical processing technology, and in particular to a device and method for crushing raw materials of pill-type pharmaceuticals. Background Art

[0002] Medicines are substances used to prevent, treat and diagnose diseases. In theory, any chemical substance that can affect the physiological functions of the body's organs and the metabolic activities of cells falls into the category of medicine. Pills are a form of medicine. The appearance of pills is spherical, round and uniform, easy to preserve and store, and also easy to prepare. Pills are a dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine. They refer to spherical or quasi-spherical preparations made of fine powder of medicinal materials or medicinal material extracts with suitable adhesives or excipients. Because pills are easy to take, easy to store, and have long-lasting medicinal effects, many traditional Chinese medicines are made into pills.

[0003] The production of pills typically begins with weighing various raw materials, such as traditional Chinese medicines, according to the recipe. These materials are then crushed using a pulverizer and sieved to obtain a powder of the appropriate particle size. The powder is then mixed evenly with a suitable binder (such as honey or rice paste) to form a soft material. The soft material is then formed into pellets using a pill-making machine or by hand. Finally, post-processing steps such as drying and coating are performed to enhance the stability, appearance, and taste of the pills. The pulverization of raw materials for pills significantly impacts drug quality, production efficiency, and subsequent processing. Vortex mills are widely used for this purpose due to their low cost and ease of operation and maintenance.

[0004] Referring to a Chinese patent document with publication number CN214346832U, entitled "Turbine Grinding Device," the device comprises a feed pipe, one end of which is connected to a hopper, an inner box fixedly mounted within the hopper, and a first motor fixedly mounted within the inner box. An auger blade is disposed within the feed pipe, one end of which passes through the inner box and is connected to the output end of the first motor. The patent document utilizes a motor to drive the auger blade to rotate within the feed pipe, conveying the raw material into the turbine grinder for grinding. This prevents feed pipe blockage and improves the stability of the raw material grinding operation.

[0005] According to the above technical scheme, the auger can drive the raw materials to move downward by its rotation, forming a stable conveying flow in the conveying pipe, and preventing the raw materials from being blocked to a certain extent. However, when facing the leaf-shaped herbal raw materials, the flowability is poor due to the unique shape, and the bridging phenomenon is prone to occur in the hopper. The raw materials after being bridged cannot effectively contact with the auger blades and are difficult to move following the movement of the auger, which affects the continuity of the discharging, and the device is in idle running for a long time and has high energy consumption. Although the artificial tamping method can be used to break the bridging structure of the raw materials in the hopper, so that the raw materials can be recovered to the state that can be grabbed and conveyed by the auger blades, this solution not only needs frequent manual intervention, which increases the labor cost of the enterprise, but also is difficult to realize automatic and continuous production. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the application provides a pill raw material crushing device and a crushing method, which are mainly used to solve the problem that the pill raw material crushing device cannot smoothly discharge the leaf-shaped herbal raw materials, needs frequent manual intervention, and is difficult to realize continuous production when crushing the leaf-shaped herbal raw materials.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides a pill raw material crushing device and a crushing method, which include a rack, a crushing box, and a discharging hopper.

[0008] The inside of the discharging hopper is divided into a storage cavity and a pressing cavity from top to bottom, the inside of the storage cavity is provided with a stirring piece for stirring the raw materials to move downward, one end of the pressing cavity is provided with a pressing roller, a plurality of partitions are arranged on the pressing roller for separating the raw materials into multiple portions, one side of the bottom of the pressing cavity is provided with a discharging port, one side of the pressing cavity close to the discharging port is provided with a horizontal rod, and the outer circumferential surface of the horizontal rod is circumferentially provided with a plurality of staggered distribution stirring plates.

[0009] A supporting frame is arranged below the discharging hopper, a guide pipe that can communicate with the discharging port is arranged on the side cover, a first driving assembly for driving the stirring piece to rotate and a second driving assembly for driving the pressing roller to rotate are further arranged on the supporting frame, and a third motor for driving the horizontal rod to rotate is arranged on the discharging hopper.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the pharmaceutical raw materials are put into the storage cavity of the lower hopper, the rotating poking piece can push the pharmaceutical raw materials downward, so that the pharmaceutical raw materials continuously enter the pressure bin. Especially for the blade type raw materials which are dry, fluffy and prone to "bridge" blockage, when the raw materials contact the pressure roller, the pressure roller not only applies pressure to compact the raw materials, but also synchronously pre-crushes, effectively destroys the fluffy structure and prevents the formation of bridge. The poking plate on the cross rod alternately contacts the slowly advancing raw materials, and under the action of the poking plate, the raw materials are orderly pushed to the discharging port, so that the forced material stably and continuously passes through the discharging channel, so that the discharging is more uniform and continuous, without manual assistance, which is beneficial to reduce the labor cost. The device can reduce manual intervention during use, so that the raw materials are orderly put into the discharging port, the continuity of discharging is ensured, and the working efficiency is improved.

[0011] Optionally, a second rotating shaft is arranged below the poking piece, a first pushing plate and a second pushing plate are arranged on the outer side of the second rotating shaft in a circumferential direction, the first pushing plate and the second pushing plate are arranged on the outer side of the second rotating shaft in a staggered manner, and the first driving assembly can drive the second rotating shaft to rotate in the same direction as the rotation direction of the poking piece; the poking piece comprises a first rotating shaft and a plurality of poking teeth, the plurality of poking teeth are arranged on the outer side of the first rotating shaft in a circumferential direction, and the first pushing plate and the second pushing plate can form continuous staggered motion at a preset angle difference during synchronous rotation with the poking teeth.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the poking teeth will produce staggered motion with the first pushing plate or the second pushing plate during the process of pushing the raw materials downward. In this process, the raw materials are subjected to shearing force and are preliminarily crushed, and the volume is reduced. This not only effectively reduces the possibility of bridge formation of the raw materials, but also promotes the smooth passage of the raw materials through the pressure roller, ensuring smoother conveying. The reduction of the volume of the raw materials also reduces the difficulty of subsequent crushing, thereby improving the overall crushing efficiency.

[0013] Optionally, a chute is arranged on the second rotating shaft, a sliding plate is slidably connected in the chute, the second pushing plate is arranged on the sliding plate, a pushing and moving assembly capable of reciprocating the sliding plate is arranged in the lower hopper, and a poking block is arranged at an end of the second pushing plate away from the sliding plate, for increasing the poking area of the second pushing plate when moving in the axial direction.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, as the second rotating shaft rotates, when the opening of the chute faces downward, the sliding plate can move in the chute along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft under the influence of the pushing and moving assembly, and then the sliding plate is reset under the action of the pushing and moving assembly, so that the poking block at the end of the second pushing plate can play a dispersing role on the raw materials, so that the raw materials are more evenly distributed.

[0015] Optionally, the pushing and moving assembly comprises a convex ring arranged on the inner wall of the lower hopper, a protruding portion is arranged at the bottom of the convex ring, a limiting rod is fixedly arranged at one end of the sliding plate close to the convex ring, and a spring is arranged in the inner side of the end of the chute away from the convex ring.

[0016] Optionally, a guide plate is provided below the second rotating shaft.

[0017] By adopting this technical solution, the pre-crushed raw materials fall along the inner wall of the lower hopper onto the guide plate, and then continue to fall along the guide plate. The provision of the guide plate not only shortens the distance between the raw materials and the shifting block, but also prolongs the contact time between the raw materials and the shifting block, effectively improving the bulking effect of the shifting block.

[0018] Optionally, a movable groove is provided inside the pressing roller, a compression spring is provided inside the movable groove, and one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to a flap.

[0019] By adopting this technical solution, the nip roller drives the flap to rotate, which pushes the raw material backward, allowing it to enter the bottom of the nip roller stably and prevent it from accumulating on one side of the nip roller. As the nip roller rotates, the flap is pressed against the compression spring, gradually retracting into the movable groove, thereby preventing interference with the operation of the nip roller.

[0020] Optionally, a round roller is provided inside the pressing chamber, a cutter is provided on the outer circumference of the round roller, the height of the round roller is smaller than the height of the pressing roller, and the second driving assembly can drive the round roller to rotate around its own axis.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the circular roller can further squeeze the raw materials passing through to enhance the pre-crushing effect; on the other hand, the cutter on its outer side can cut off longer stem materials, effectively preventing the dragging of the raw materials, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the falling of the raw materials.

[0022] Optionally, the first drive assembly includes a second motor, a first gear, a second gear and an idler gear, the second motor is fixedly mounted on the support frame, the first gear is coaxially fixed to the first rotating shaft, the second gear is coaxially fixed to the second rotating shaft, the idler gear is arranged between the first gear and the second gear, and the first gear, the second gear and the idler gear together constitute a meshing pair; the second drive assembly includes a fourth motor, and pulleys are installed at the ends of the pressing roller and the round roller, the two pulleys are connected by belt transmission, and the output shaft of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to one of the pulleys.

[0023] Optionally, the pulverizing assembly includes a pulverizing disk arranged inside the pulverizing box and crushing teeth arranged on the side cover, and a first motor for driving the pulverizing disk to rotate is provided on the frame.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, after the material enters the crushing box, the high-speed rotating crushing disk impacts and crushes the raw materials through the action of the centrifugal force field, and at the same time drives the raw materials to move radially and hit the crushing teeth. The synergistic effect of impact crushing and shear crushing achieves deep crushing of the raw materials, thereby improving the crushing efficiency.

[0025] A method for crushing raw materials for pill-type medicines, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1: The drug raw materials are put into the storage chamber in the lower hopper, and the raw materials are directed downward to the pressing chamber by the rotating material diverter;

[0027] S2: The drug raw materials are initially crushed under the shearing action of the first push plate, the second push plate and the material shifting member, and then enter the pressing chamber;

[0028] S3: After the raw material enters the pressing chamber, it is first squeezed and separated into several unit materials by the pressing roller. Then, it is further squeezed and crushed when passing through the circular roller. The stem-type raw material of the drug will be cut by the cutter on the circular roller.

[0029] S4: The material-sweeping plate on the crossbar sequentially sweeps the material at the bottom of the pressing chamber, pushing the extruded drug raw materials into the drop-out port in an orderly manner;

[0030] S5: After the drug raw materials enter the bottom of the crushing box through the material guide pipe, they are fully crushed under the combined action of the crushing disk and crushing teeth, and finally screened through the screen and discharged from the discharge pipe.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the pharmaceutical raw materials are first placed in the storage chamber, and then guided to the pressing chamber by the rotating material-dispensing piece, and initially crushed under the shear force of the first and second push plates and the material-dispensing piece. After entering the pressing chamber, the pressing roller squeezes and separates the materials, and the circular roller and its cutter further squeeze, crush and cut the raw materials with different characteristics. The material-dispensing plate on the crossbar pushes the materials to the discharge port in an orderly manner to ensure uniform and continuous discharge. Finally, the pharmaceutical raw materials are fully crushed at the bottom of the crushing box under the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the crushing disk and the impact of the crushing teeth, and the materials with qualified particle size are screened and discharged through the screen. This method combines multiple processes and multiple crushing methods to efficiently process pill-type pharmaceutical raw materials in different forms, reduce manual intervention, achieve uniform and orderly discharge of raw materials, improve crushing efficiency and crushing quality, ensure the consistency and stability of the output particle size, and reduce production costs.

[0032] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] 1. The coordinated action of the material-dispensing element and the pressure roller effectively prevents bridging of the raw materials and avoids material breakage. The rotating material-dispensing element ensures that the raw materials enter the dropout port in an orderly manner, preventing blockage and maintaining a continuous drop of raw materials, enabling the crushing assembly to operate stably and continuously. This design significantly reduces manual intervention in the crushing process, lowers operating costs, and lays the foundation for automated, continuous production.

[0034] 2. As the raw materials move downward, the material shifting piece, the first push plate and the second push plate squeeze the raw materials through staggered motion to achieve pre-crushing, effectively reduce the volume of the raw materials, and further reduce the probability of bridging of the raw materials; at the same time, the reciprocating motion of the shifting block can disperse the gathered raw materials in time, making the raw materials more evenly distributed, providing good conditions for subsequent processing procedures.

[0035] 3. Through the method of graded extrusion, not only can the pre-crushing effect of the raw materials be significantly improved, but also the stem raw materials can be cut off, effectively avoiding the problem of the raw materials dragging each other when falling, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of the raw material falling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for crushing raw materials of pill-type medicines in this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a front structural diagram of a device for crushing pill-type pharmaceutical raw materials in this application;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower hopper in this application;

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blanking channel and the pressing cavity in this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the second rotating shaft, the first push plate, the second push plate and the convex ring in this application;

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the crushing box in this application;

[0042] Figure 7 For this application Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the right side structure of the lower hopper in this application;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first gear, the second gear and the idler gear in this application.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, frame; 11, crushing box; 12, side cover; 121, crushing teeth; 13, guide pipe; 14, discharge pipe; 15, first motor; 16, crushing disc; 17, screen; 2, support frame; 21, lower hopper; 211, storage chamber; 212, pressing chamber; 213, discharge port; 3, first rotating shaft; 31, shifting teeth; 32, pressing roller; 321, partition; 322, movable groove; 323, flap; 3 24. Compression spring; 33. Cross bar; 34. Feed plate; 4. Second rotating shaft; 41. First push plate; 42. Slide groove; 43. Slide plate; 44. Second push plate; 441. Feed block; 45. Limit rod; 46. Guide plate; 47. Spring; 5. Raised ring; 6. Round roller; 61. Cutter; 7. Second motor; 71. First gear; 72. Second gear; 73. Idle pulley; 8. Third motor; 9. Fourth motor; 91. Pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will be combined with the embodiments of the present application Figures 1-8 , the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] First, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6 This embodiment provides a device for crushing raw materials for pill-type pharmaceuticals, comprising a body, a material shifting assembly, a material pressing assembly, a material blanking assembly, and a crushing assembly. The material shifting assembly is used to shift the raw materials downward to prevent bridging; the material pressing assembly is used to squeeze and compact the raw materials passing through, further reducing bridging and providing a certain degree of pre-crushing effect; the material blanking assembly is capable of orderly shifting the processed raw materials into the crushing assembly; and the crushing assembly is used to crush the input pharmaceutical raw materials to a particle size that meets the required use.

[0048] Among them, reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6The machine body includes a frame 1, a crushing box 11, a side cover 12, a material guide pipe 13, a discharge pipe 14, a screen 17, a support frame 2, a lower hopper 21, a material storage chamber 211, a material pressing chamber 212 and a material discharge port 213. The crushing box 11 is installed on the top of the frame 1, which is used to accommodate pharmaceutical raw materials and crush them in conjunction with the crushing assembly; the side cover 12 is pivotally connected to the crushing box 11 through a hinge mechanism, and the joint surface of the side cover 12 and the crushing box 11 is provided with a detachable bolt locking mechanism; the guide pipe 13 is arranged in the middle of the side cover 12, which can guide the raw materials in the lower hopper 21 into the crushing box 11; the discharge pipe 14 is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box 11, so that the crushed raw materials are discharged from the designated position; the screen 17 is installed inside the crushing box 11 for screening pharmaceutical raw materials; the support frame 2 is arranged on the side of the frame 1 close to the lower hopper 21 and provides stable support for it; the storage chamber 211 and the pressing chamber 212 are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the lower hopper 21, and a blanking channel is provided between the two, and the blanking port 213 is arranged on one side of the pressing chamber 212 and is connected to the guide pipe 13; the bottoms of the storage chamber 211 and the pressing chamber 212 are both inclined surfaces. In this embodiment, the hinge mechanism and the bolt locking mechanism are both common structures in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] After the drug raw materials are put into the lower hopper 21, they are first temporarily stored in the storage chamber 211. During the crushing process, under the action of the material-dispensing assembly, the raw materials will gradually pass through the blanking channel and enter the inside of the pressing chamber 212. The inclination angle of the bottom surface of the pressing chamber 212 is smaller than the inclination angle of the storage chamber 211, so that the movement speed of the raw materials in the pressing chamber 212 is slower, ensuring that their falling is controlled by the blanking assembly. The lower hopper 21 is fixedly installed above the support frame 2, and space is reserved below the support frame 2 for the side cover 12 to open and close. When the side cover 12 is opened, the guide tube 13 moves with it, and the blanking port 213 is separated from the guide tube 13, which is convenient for daily maintenance or inspection of the inside of the crushing box 11; after the side cover 12 is closed, the guide tube 13 is connected to the blanking port 213 to form a complete blanking channel.

[0050] Among them, reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The material shifting assembly includes a shifting member and a second motor 7. The shifting member is located inside the material storage chamber 211 and is used to shift the raw materials downward. The second motor 7 is located on the support frame 2 and is used to drive the shifting member to rotate. The shifting member includes a first rotating shaft 3 and a plurality of shifting teeth 31. The plurality of shifting teeth 31 are circumferentially arranged outside the first rotating shaft 3. The output shaft of the second motor 7 is connected to the end of the first rotating shaft 3.

[0051] Leaf-like medicinal materials are prone to bridging within the storage chamber 211, and cannot be continuously dropped by gravity alone. Therefore, the first rotating shaft 3 drives the shifting gear 31 to rotate clockwise within the storage chamber 211, pushing the raw materials downward to avoid bridging.

[0052] Among them, reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 8 The pressing assembly includes a pressing roller 32, a partition 321 and a fourth motor 9. The pressing roller 32 is arranged inside the pressing chamber 212 on one side close to the material diverting assembly. The fourth motor 9 is arranged on the support frame 2, and its output shaft is connected to the pressing roller 32 to drive the pressing roller 32 to rotate; there are two partitions 321, and the two partitions 321 are evenly arranged on the outside of the pressing roller 32, and the partitions 321 are in contact with the bottom surface of the pressing chamber 212. When the pressing roller 32 rotates, the partition 321 can separate the raw material into three parts to prevent the raw materials from being connected to each other during blanking, thereby ensuring the uniformity of blanking. In this embodiment, during actual use, the number of partitions 321 can be adjusted according to the width of the lower hopper 21 and the size of the blanking port 213.

[0053] Since leaf-type medicinal raw materials have a high degree of fluffiness, and the flow-through dimensions of the blanking port 213 and the guide tube 13 are relatively small, if the raw materials enter directly without being treated, clogging is very likely to occur, which requires manual intervention for cleaning. To solve this problem, the raw materials are pre-compacted by the pressure roller 32 before entering the blanking port 213. This process destroys the fluffiness structure of the raw materials through mechanical extrusion, reduces their stacking porosity, and thus inhibits the formation of bridging. In addition, since the raw materials are in a dry state, part of the raw materials are brittlely broken and reduced in volume under the mechanical pressure of the pressure roller 32. This pre-crushing treatment not only creates favorable conditions for subsequent processing steps, but also reduces the risk of clogging at the blanking port 213 and the guide tube 13 by reducing the average size of the raw materials, thereby improving the operational stability and production continuity of the material conveying system.

[0054] In addition, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The blanking assembly includes a crossbar 33, a stripper plate 34, and a third motor 8. The crossbar 33 is mounted within the pressing chamber 212, near the blanking opening 213. The number of stripper plates 34 corresponds to the number of portions into which the raw material is divided. Multiple stripper plates 34 are staggered on the outer circumference of the crossbar 33. As the crossbar 33 rotates, the stripper plates 34 alternately contact different portions of the raw material. The output shaft of the third motor 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the crossbar 33.

[0055] As the raw material moves along the bottom of the pressing chamber 212, the material-dispensing plates 34 on the crossbar 33 alternately contact different locations of the raw material and push the corresponding raw material into the discharge port 213. Compared to traditional discharge methods, this design makes the discharge process more continuous and stable, effectively preventing the equipment from idling or overloading, while optimizing the material filling rate of the crushing chamber and thus improving the device's crushing efficiency. The crushing chamber is the working space inside the crushing box 11, which is used to crush the raw material.

[0056] Reference Figure 6 The pulverizing assembly includes a first motor 15, a pulverizing disc 16, and crushing teeth 121. The first motor 15 is mounted on the frame 1, and its output shaft is power-coupled to the pulverizing disc 16 via a belt drive mechanism. The pulverizing disc 16 is located within the pulverizing box 11, and the crushing teeth 121 are fixed to the side cover 12. The belt drive mechanism is a common structure in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] After the drug raw materials enter the crushing box 11 through the material guide pipe 13, they are radially projected and hit the crushing teeth 121 under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the crushing disk 16, and the material is crushed by impact.

[0058] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 9 , a second rotating shaft 4 is provided in the blanking channel between the storage chamber 211 and the pressing chamber 212, and a first pushing plate 41 and a second pushing plate 44 are provided on the outer circumference of the second rotating shaft 4, and the first pushing plate 41 and the second pushing plate 44 are staggered on the outer side of the second rotating shaft 4, and a first gear 71, a second gear 72 and an idler gear 73 are provided on one side of the lower hopper 21. The first gear 71 is coaxially fixed on the first rotating shaft 3, and the second gear 72 is coaxially fixed on the second rotating shaft 4. The first gear 71, the second gear 72 and the idler gear 73 together constitute a meshing pair; the first pushing plate 41 and the second pushing plate 44 and the shifting tooth 31 can form a continuous staggered motion according to a preset angle difference during the synchronous rotation process; the shifting tooth 31 adopts an arc-shaped structure design, which applies a downward shifting force to the raw material while guiding the throwing direction of the raw material through the curved surface, so that the raw material enters between the corresponding shifting tooth 31 and the first pushing plate 41 or the second pushing plate 44. In this embodiment, a preset angle is set between the shifting teeth 31 and the first push plate 41 or the second push plate 44 during initial installation, so that the two form an interlaced motion trajectory during the subsequent rotation process, and the corresponding raw materials are crushed through the synergistic effect of shear force and extrusion force.

[0059] Second motor 7 drives first shaft 3 to rotate first gear 71, which in turn drives idler gear 73 to rotate second gear 72, thereby causing first shaft 3 and second shaft 4 to rotate simultaneously clockwise. During their synchronous rotation, they form a continuous interlaced motion at a predetermined angle. Thrown by shifting teeth 31, the raw material contacts first push plate 41 or second push plate 44, undergoing initial crushing under the action of shear force, reducing its volume. This reduces the likelihood of raw material bridging and facilitates smooth passage through nip roller 32 (raw material with larger blades may rest on the sides of nip roller 32, preventing it from entering the gap between nip roller 32 and lower hopper 21), ensuring smoother conveying. Furthermore, the reduced raw material volume reduces the difficulty of subsequent crushing, thereby improving crushing efficiency.

[0060] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 A slide groove 42 is provided on the second rotating shaft 4, and a slide plate 43 is slidably connected inside the slide plate 43. A second push plate 44 is provided on the slide plate 43. A pushing component capable of pushing the slide plate 43 to move back and forth is provided inside the lower hopper 21. A shift block 441 is provided at the end of the second push plate 44 away from the slide plate 43, which is used to increase the shifting area of ​​the second push plate 44 when it moves axially; a guide plate 46 is provided below the second rotating shaft 4.

[0061] Uneven distribution of raw materials within the drop channel can negatively impact the uniform fall of subsequent raw materials. As the second shaft 4 rotates, the second push plate 44, under the action of the push assembly, can reciprocate as it passes beneath the second shaft 4. The second push plate 44 drives the shifting block 441, which shifts the raw materials, laterally dispersing the accumulated materials and promoting a more uniform distribution of the raw materials. The pre-crushed raw materials fall along the inner wall of the hopper 21 onto the guide plate 46. By optimizing the raw material's falling path, the guide plate 46 shortens the distance between the raw materials and the shifting block 441, while also extending their contact time, effectively enhancing the dispersing effect of the shifting block 441.

[0062] Among them, reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The push assembly includes a raised ring 5 mounted on the inner wall of the lower hopper 21. A raised portion is provided at the bottom of the raised ring 5. A limit rod 45 is fixedly mounted on the end of the slide 43 proximal to the raised ring 5. A spring 47 is provided within the end of the chute 42 distal to the raised ring 5. A height difference is provided between the raised portion and the raised ring 5. When the limit rod 45 contacts the raised portion, the raised portion pushes the limit rod 45 to move laterally. There are three chute slots 42, circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft 4. The number of slides 43, limit rods 45, and springs 47 matches the number of slides 42. The slide 43 forms a mating relationship with the raised ring 5 via the limit rod 45 provided at its end.

[0063] As the second rotating shaft 4 rotates, when the limit rod 45 at the end of the slide plate 43 contacts the raised portion, under the push of the raised portion, the limit rod 45 will drive the slide plate 43 to move along the slide groove 42 and squeeze the spring 47. At this time, the slide plate 43 drives the second pushing plate 44 to move the shift block 441 laterally; and the other two slide plates 43 maintain contact with the flat part of the convex ring 5 under the action of their respective springs 47; when the limit rod 45 moves away from the raised portion, under the action of the spring 47, the slide plate 43 drives the second pushing plate 44 to reset the shift block 441; as the second rotating shaft 4 continues to rotate, the limit rods 45 at the ends of the other two slide plates 43 will cooperate with the raised portions of the convex ring 5 in turn, thereby realizing continuous shifting action.

[0064] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 7 A movable groove 322 is provided inside the pressing roller 32 , a compression spring 324 is provided inside the movable groove 322 , and one end of the compression spring 324 is fixedly connected to a flap 323 .

[0065] The rotating flap 323 can push the raw material toward the bottom of the nip roller 32, forcing the raw material into the bottom of the nip roller 32, preventing the raw material from accumulating on one side of the nip roller 32 and ensuring the stability of raw material transportation. As the nip roller 32 rotates, the flap 323 is pressed against the compression spring 324, gradually retracting into the movable groove 322, thereby avoiding affecting the operation of the nip roller 32.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 8 A round roller 6 is provided inside the pressing chamber 212, and a cutter 61 is provided on the outer circumference of the round roller 6. The height of the round roller 6 is less than the height of the pressing roller 32. Pulleys 91 are installed at the ends of the pressing roller 32 and the round roller 6. The two pulleys 91 are connected by belt transmission. The output shaft of the fourth motor 9 is fixedly connected to one of the pulleys 91. The fourth motor 9 can drive the round roller 6 to rotate around its own axis.

[0067] On the one hand, the round roller 6 further squeezes the passing raw materials to enhance the pre-crushing effect; on the other hand, the cutter 61 on its outer side can cut off longer stem materials. When the blanking assembly pushes the raw materials to fall, it can effectively prevent the raw materials from dragging each other, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the falling raw materials.

[0068] The implementation principle of the device and method for crushing pill-type medicine raw materials in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0069] First, the pharmaceutical raw materials are dropped into the storage chamber 211 within the lower hopper 21. The output shaft of the second motor 7 drives the first rotating shaft 3 to rotate the first gear 71, which in turn drives the idler gear 73 to rotate the second gear 72, thereby causing the first rotating shaft 3 and the second rotating shaft 4 to rotate clockwise simultaneously. The first rotating shaft 3 pushes the material within the storage chamber 211 downward, causing it to enter the blanking channel. Thrown by the shifting teeth 31, the raw materials come into contact with the first push plate 41 or the second push plate 44, causing initial shear force to break them, reducing the possibility of bridging and facilitating smooth entry of the raw materials into the pressing chamber 212.

[0070] As the second rotating shaft 4 rotates, when the limiting rod 45 at the end of the slide plate 43 contacts the raised portion, under the pressure of the raised portion, the limiting rod 45 will drive the slide plate 43 to move along the slide groove 42 and squeeze the spring 47. At this time, the slide plate 43 drives the second pushing plate 44 to move the shift block 441 laterally; when the limiting rod 45 is away from the raised portion, under the action of the spring 47, the slide plate 43 drives the second pushing plate 44 to reset the shift block 441, and uses the shift block 441 to disperse the unevenly distributed raw materials in the blanking channel to ensure uniform blanking.

[0071] After the raw material enters the pressing chamber 212, the pressing roller 32 rotates, driven by the fourth motor 9. The partitions 321 separate the raw material and compact it, breaking up its fluffy structure and improving the pre-crushing effect. Simultaneously, the flap 323 helps guide the raw material into the bottom of the pressing roller 32. The circular roller 6 and its cutter 61 further squeeze the raw material and cut the stem material. The raw material then slowly moves downward along the bottom of the pressing chamber 212. The third motor 8 drives the crossbar 33 to rotate. The stripper plates 34 on the crossbar 33 alternately contact the raw material at different positions, pushing the corresponding raw material into the drop opening 213, and then into the crushing box 11 through the guide pipe 13.

[0072] Inside the crushing box 11, a first motor 15 drives a pulverizing disc 16 at high speed via a belt drive mechanism. Centrifugal force propels the raw material, which impacts the crushing teeth 121, causing it to pulverize. The pulverized material is then screened through a screen 17 inside the crushing box 11, and the material with the acceptable particle size is discharged from a discharge pipe 14.

[0073] In a second aspect, a method for crushing raw materials for pill-type medicines is applied to the apparatus for crushing raw materials for pill-type medicines in the first aspect, wherein the crushing method comprises:

[0074] S1. Put the drug raw material into the storage chamber 211 in the lower hopper 21, and guide the raw material downward to the pressing chamber 212 through the rotating material diverter;

[0075] S2: The raw medicinal material is initially crushed under the shearing action of the first push plate 41, the second push plate 44 and the material-diverting member, and then enters the pressing chamber 212;

[0076] S3. After the raw medicinal material enters the pressing chamber 212, it is first squeezed and separated into several unit materials by the pressing roller 32. Then, it is further squeezed and crushed when passing through the circular roller 6. The stem-type medicinal material is cut by the cutter 61 on the circular roller 6.

[0077] S4, the material-diverting plate 34 on the crossbar 33 sequentially digs and sweeps the materials at the bottom of the pressing chamber 212, and pushes the extruded drug raw materials into the drop opening 213 in an orderly manner;

[0078] S5. After the drug raw materials enter the bottom of the crushing box 11 through the material guide pipe 13, they are fully crushed under the combined action of the crushing disk 16 and the crushing teeth 121, and finally screened by the screen 17 and discharged from the discharge pipe 14.

[0079] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for crushing raw materials for pill medicines, comprising a frame, a crushing box, and a lower hopper, wherein a side cover is provided on one side of the crushing box, a screen and a crushing assembly are provided inside the crushing box, and a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the crushing box, characterized in that: The interior of the lower hopper is divided into a storage chamber and a pressing chamber from top to bottom. The storage chamber is provided with a material shifting member for shifting the raw materials downward. A pressing roller is provided at one end of the pressing chamber, and a plurality of partitions are provided on the pressing roller to separate the raw materials into multiple portions. A blanking port is provided on one side of the bottom of the pressing chamber, and a cross bar is provided on the side of the pressing chamber near the blanking port. The outer circumference of the cross bar is provided with staggered material shifting plates in a circumferential direction. A support frame is provided below the lower hopper, and a material guide pipe which can be connected to the material drop opening is provided on the side cover; a first driving assembly for driving the material picking member to rotate and a second driving assembly for driving the pressing roller to rotate are also provided on the support frame, and a third motor for driving the crossbar to rotate is provided on the lower hopper; The cam is secured to the outside of the first and second drive shafts and is adapted to move the cams relative to the first drive shaft when the cams are in motion.

2. The device for crushing pill-type medicine raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing assembly includes a convex ring arranged on the inner wall of the lower hopper, a convex portion is provided at the bottom of the convex ring, a limiting rod is fixedly provided at one end of the slide close to the convex ring, and a spring is provided inside the end of the slide away from the convex ring.

3. The device for crushing pill-type medicine raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide plate is provided below the second rotating shaft.

4. The device for crushing pill-type medicine raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable groove is provided inside the pressing roller, a compression spring is provided inside the movable groove, and one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to a flap.

5. The device for crushing pill-type medicine raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A round roller is provided inside the pressing cavity, a cutter is provided on the outer circumference of the round roller, the height of the round roller is smaller than that of the pressing roller, and the second driving assembly can drive the round roller to rotate around its own axis.

6. The device for crushing pill-type medicine raw materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first drive assembly includes a second motor, a first gear, a second gear and an idler gear. The second motor is fixedly mounted on the support frame, the first gear is coaxially fixed to the first rotating shaft, the second gear is coaxially fixed to the second rotating shaft, the idler gear is arranged between the first gear and the second gear, and the first gear, the second gear and the idler gear together constitute a meshing pair; the second drive assembly includes a fourth motor, and pulleys are installed at the ends of the pressing roller and the round roller. The two pulleys are connected by belt transmission, and the output shaft of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to one of the pulleys.

7. The device for crushing pill-type medicine raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly includes a crushing disk arranged inside the crushing box and crushing teeth arranged on the side cover, and a first motor for driving the crushing disk to rotate is arranged on the frame.

8. A method for crushing raw materials for pill-type medicines, based on the device for crushing raw materials for pill-type medicines according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: The drug raw materials are put into the storage chamber in the lower hopper, and the raw materials are directed downward to the pressing chamber by the rotating material diverter; S2: The drug raw materials are initially crushed under the shearing action of the first push plate, the second push plate and the material shifting member, and then enter the pressing chamber; S3: After the raw material enters the pressing chamber, it is first squeezed and separated into several unit materials by the pressing roller. Then, it is further squeezed and crushed when passing through the circular roller. The stem-type raw material of the drug will be cut by the cutter on the circular roller. S4: The material-sweeping plate on the crossbar sequentially sweeps the material at the bottom of the pressing chamber, pushing the extruded drug raw materials into the drop-out port in an orderly manner; S5: After the drug raw materials enter the bottom of the crushing box through the material guide pipe, they are fully crushed under the combined action of the crushing disk and crushing teeth, and finally screened through the screen and discharged from the discharge pipe.

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