Biological fertilizer containing anabaena QDHP-044 as well as preparation method and application of biological fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological fertilizers, and particularly discloses a biological fertilizer containing anabaena QDHP-044 as well as a preparation method and application of the biological fertilizer. The biological fertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 comprises the following raw materials: 1.5-2.2 parts of Anabaena active algae, 15-25 parts of a composite carrier, 10-15 parts of an organic fermentation material, 3-5 parts of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.15-0.4 part of a nutritional supplement, and the Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 is subjected to amplification culture in a BG11 culture medium until the cell number is greater than or equal to 106 / mL, and is subjected to centrifugal collection, precipitation and vacuum freeze drying to obtain the Anabaena active algae. The biological fertilizer containing the anabaena can be applied to the field of rice planting, the output value of rice can be remarkably increased, and meanwhile the quality of crops is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biofertilizers, and more specifically, to a biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As one of the world's most important food crops, rice's high and stable yields are crucial for ensuring food security. Improving rice yield and quality has long been a key concern in the agricultural sector. In existing technologies, ensuring stable rice yields typically requires the use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers.

[0003] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors discovered that the use of traditional chemical fertilizers often causes soil acidification, heavy metal contamination, and soil degradation. This leads to a decline in soil fertility, unstable crop quality, and weak yield growth. In recent years, with the rapid development of biotechnology, the use of microbial resources to produce biofertilizers has become an emerging strategy for sustainable agricultural development.

[0004] Anabaena, a member of the phylum Cyanobacteria, is a microalgae widely distributed in freshwater environments. It possesses a robust ability to survive and reproduce, using light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic matter. Furthermore, Anabaena utilizes its own nitrogenase system to convert nitrogen from the air into ammonia, which in turn forms nitrogen-containing compounds such as amino acids, thereby fixing nitrogen. This process not only provides an ample nitrogen source for its own growth and reproduction, but also, when the algae die and decompose, the released nitrogen provides abundant nutrients to the surrounding aquatic ecosystem, promoting the growth of other organisms. Therefore, Anabaena exhibits great potential in the production of biofertilizers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to increase rice yield and ensure rice quality, the present application provides a biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, and its preparation method and application.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, which adopts the following technical solution: A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, comprising, by weight, 1.5-2.2 parts of active Anabaena algae, 15-25 parts of a composite carrier, 10-15 parts of an organic fermentation material, 3-5 parts of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and 0.15-0.4 parts of a nutritional supplement; The active algae of Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 is cultured in BG11 medium until the cell number is ≥10 6 / mL, collected by centrifugation and precipitated, and obtained by vacuum freeze-drying. The Anabaena (Anabaenasp.) QDHP-044 was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on March 9, 2023, with a deposit number of CCTCC NO: M 2023271.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, Anabaena is a type of cyanobacteria that has the ability to fix molecular nitrogen in the air into absorbable nitrogen compounds. Its algae can sink into the soil and be absorbed by crop roots without causing pollution to the soil, water and environment.

[0008] The active algae Anabaena sp. obtained by expanding the culture of QDHP-044 can significantly improve the ecological environment of the soil when used in the preparation of biofertilizers. It promotes the absorption of nitrogen by crops through nitrogen fixation, and can also promote crop photosynthesis, increase the accumulation of organic matter, improve the activity and nutrient absorption capacity of crops, provide comprehensive nutritional support for crops, and show outstanding effects of increasing crop yield and stress resistance.

[0009] The composite carrier provides a stable attachment environment for the Anabaena algae, protecting them from external environmental influences and enhancing their nutrient supply. Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, coated on the composite carrier, not only provides an antibacterial effect, reducing harmful microorganisms in the soil, but also enhances the binding capacity of the various raw materials in the biofertilizer, strengthening the Anabaena algae's adhesion to crop roots, and its ability to adsorb and convert ammonia.

[0010] In particular, when the biofertilizer of the present application is used in water, the composite carrier and the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt work together to effectively adsorb various nutrients in the biofertilizer, the beneficial substances secreted by the active algae of Anabaena and its cells, and slowly release these adsorbed nutrients during the growth of crops, providing a continuous and stable nutrient supply for crops, promoting the development of crop roots, enhancing the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops, and improving crop yield and quality.

[0011] Optionally, the composite carrier comprises biochar and palygorskite powder in a mass ratio of (3-5):1.

[0012] Optionally, the biochar is aquatic plant biochar.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the highly developed pore structure and rich surface functional groups of biochar can provide a stable habitat and breeding place for the active algae of Anabaena. The palygorskite powder has an interlayer structure and has strong ion exchange capacity and adsorption properties. It can stably adsorb and fix the metabolites and nutrients secreted by the active algae of Anabaena, reducing their loss. It can also carry out ion exchange in the soil, release a variety of trace elements, and stimulate the absorption of nutrients by crops.

[0014] The porous structure of biochar and the layered structure of palygorskite powder can complement each other, increasing the specific surface area and adsorption performance of the composite carrier, providing a richer habitat and nutrient storage space for Anabaena active algae, and also helping to increase soil porosity, improve soil permeability, and enhance the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity.

[0015] Optionally, the raw materials of the organic fermentation material include crop straw, egg shells and mulberry leaves in a mass ratio of (10-15):(1-4):(3-6).

[0016] By adopting this technical solution, crop straw, eggshells, and mulberry leaves—all widely available and low-cost—can be fermented into fertilizers rich in organic matter and various nutrients, providing comprehensive nutritional support for crops. Eggshells are rich in calcium, providing calcium fertilizer for crops, promoting the formation and maintenance of cell walls, thereby enhancing their disease resistance and stress tolerance.

[0017] Optionally, the nutritional supplement is a combination of at least two of potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, superphosphate and potassium phosphate.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, using the following technical solution: A method for preparing a biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 comprises the following steps: S1: mixing Anabaena active algae with a nutritional supplement, adding the mixture to a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and mixing uniformly to obtain a first blend; S2: mixing a composite carrier and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, adding the mixture to water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a second blend; S3: The first blend and the second blend are mixed evenly, and after standing for 10-14 hours, the organic fermentation material is added, and after mixing evenly, the mixture is stood for 16-20 hours, and then freeze-spray-dried to obtain.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the preparation method of the present application can effectively adsorb the active algae of Anabaena into the composite carrier. Polyvinyl alcohol can promote the cross-linking between the composite carrier and the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, thereby ensuring the effective adsorption and encapsulation of the active algae of Anabaena. The biological activity of the active algae of Anabaena can be ensured by freeze-spray drying, thereby extending the storage time and effectiveness of the active algae bio-fertilizer of Anabaena. The process flow is simple and easy to control, and the active algae bio-fertilizer of Anabaena can be produced on a large scale.

[0020] Optionally, the method for preparing the composite carrier comprises the following steps: The biochar and palygorskite powder are mixed, shaken at 45-50° C. and 150-200 rpm for 8-10 hours, filtered, washed and dried, placed in a muffle furnace at 600-750° C. for reaction for 2-3 hours, and the precipitate is collected.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the biochar and palygorskite powder are mixed and then subjected to the steps of shaking, filtering, washing, drying and high-temperature reaction, so that the biochar and palygorskite powder can be fully mixed and uniformly, and certain physical and chemical reactions occur, forming a composite carrier with good adsorption properties, ion exchange properties and structural stability.

[0022] Optionally, the method for preparing the organic fermentation material comprises the following steps: S1: sterilizing crop straw, egg shells and mulberry leaves, adding them to water and mixing to obtain a mixture; S2: Add EM bacteria in an amount of 1.2-2% by weight of the mixture to the mixture, mix well, and then perform anaerobic fermentation in a sealed environment at 35-60° C. for 10-15 days to obtain the product.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present application provides a biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 for use in rice cultivation.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, a biofertilizer prepared using active Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 obtained by expanding the culture of Anabaena sp. can be applied to rice fields, showing a prominent effect in promoting rice yield and helping to enhance rice's disease resistance, thereby ensuring both increased rice yield and crop quality.

[0025] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The biofertilizer prepared in this application using Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 as raw material can be applied to rice cultivation. It promotes the absorption of nitrogen by crops through nitrogen fixation, promotes crop photosynthesis, increases the accumulation of organic matter, improves the activity and nutrient absorption capacity of crops, provides comprehensive nutritional support for crops, and shows outstanding effects of increasing crop yield and stress resistance.

[0026] 2. This application uses biochar with a highly developed pore structure and palygorskite powder with a layered structure to synergistically prepare a composite carrier with a high specific surface area and adsorption capacity, providing a stable habitat and nutrient storage space for the active algae of Anabaena. The chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is coated on the surface of the composite carrier, which is not only antibacterial and reduces harmful microorganisms in the soil, but also enhances the binding ability between various raw materials in the biological fertilizer, enhances the adhesion ability of the active algae of Anabaena to the crop roots, and the adsorption and conversion ability of ammonia, while ensuring the slow release of nutrients to provide a continuous and stable nutrient supply for crops.

[0027] 3. The biofertilizer prepared in this application using the active algae of Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 obtained by expanding the culture of Anabaena sp. as raw material can effectively promote rice production when applied to the field of rice cultivation, and is beneficial to improving the disease resistance of rice, ensuring rice production while ensuring crop quality. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following examples further illustrate the present application in detail.

[0029] raw material Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the preparation examples, examples and comparative examples in this application are all commercially available products, specifically: Biochar, aquatic plant biochar, was obtained by pyrolysis of water hyacinth, reed, and cattail, with a carbon content of (57±3)%, D90=250μm; Palygorskite powder, flaky structure, D90 = 180 μm; Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, selected from Xi'an Wanfang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride chitosan.

[0030] Preparation of active algae Anabaena The preparation method of Anabaena active algae comprises the following steps: The Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 algae were aseptically transferred into freshly sterilized BG-11 culture medium and incubated in a light incubator at (28±1)℃ and a light intensity of 50μmol / (m 2s), a light-dark time ratio of 12:12, and an air flow rate of 0.5 vvm, the cells were expanded to the logarithmic cycle. The cells were directly counted and the density was recorded using a hemocytometer under a microscope (BX53, Olympus China Co., Ltd.). The final cell number was ≥10 6 When the algae liquid was 100 μg / mL, the precipitate was collected by centrifugation and vacuum dried to obtain the active algae of Anabaena.

[0031] Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on March 9, 2023, with the deposit number CCTCC NO: M 2023271.

[0032] The formula of BG-11 culture medium is: K2HPO4, 0.04g / L; Na2CO3, 0.02g / L; MgSO4·7H2O, 0.075g / L; CaCl2·2H2O, 0.036g / L; Citric acid, 0.006g / L; Ferric ammonium citrate, 0.005g / L; EDTANa2, 0.001g / L; H3BO3, 2.86mg / L; MnCl2·4H2O, 1.81mg / L; ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.222mg / L; NaMoO4·2H2O, 0.39mg / L; CuSO4·5H2O, 0.079mg / L; Co(NO3)2·6H2O, 49.4ug / L. Example

[0033] Example 1 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, the raw materials of which include 0.18 kg of active Anabaena algae, 2.21 kg of a composite carrier, 1.3 kg of an organic fermentation material, 0.45 kg of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.025 kg of a nutritional supplement; wherein the composite carrier includes biochar and palygorskite powder in a mass ratio of 3:1, the raw materials of the organic fermentation material include crop straw, eggshells and mulberry leaves in a mass ratio of 10:2:5, the crop straw is corn straw, and the nutritional supplement includes potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, superphosphate and potassium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:0.3.

[0034] The preparation method of the above-mentioned biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 comprises the following steps: S1: A method for preparing a composite carrier, comprising the following steps: The biochar and palygorskite powder were mixed, shaken at 50°C and 150 rpm for 10 h, filtered, washed and dried, placed in a muffle furnace at 600°C for 3 h, and the precipitate was collected to obtain the product; S2: A method for preparing an organic fermentation material, comprising the following steps: (1) sterilizing crop straw, egg shells, and mulberry leaves, adding them to sterile water at a material-liquid ratio of 1:8 to obtain a mixture; (2) Add EM bacteria in an amount of 1.2% by weight of the mixture to the mixture, mix well, and then perform anaerobic fermentation in a sealed environment at 35°C for 15 days to obtain the product; S3: Mixing the Anabaena active algae with the nutritional supplement, adding the mixture to 6.5 kg of a 10 wt % polyvinyl alcohol solution, and mixing well to obtain a first blend; S4: The composite carrier and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt were mixed, added into 10 kg of water, and stirred to obtain a second blend; S5: The first blend and the second blend are mixed evenly, and after standing for 10 hours, the organic fermentation material is added, and after mixing evenly, the mixture is allowed to stand for 20 hours, and then freeze-spray-dried to obtain.

[0035] Example 2 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, the raw materials of which include 0.15 kg of active Anabaena algae, 1.5 kg of a composite carrier, 1.5 kg of an organic fermentation material, 0.3 kg of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.04 kg of a nutritional supplement; wherein the composite carrier includes biochar and palygorskite powder in a mass ratio of 3:1, the raw materials of the organic fermentation material include crop straw, eggshells and mulberry leaves in a mass ratio of 12:1:3, the crop straw is corn straw, and the nutritional supplement includes potassium sulfate, superphosphate and zinc sulfate in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5.

[0036] The preparation method of the above-mentioned biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 comprises the following steps: S1: A method for preparing a composite carrier, comprising the following steps: The biochar and palygorskite powder were mixed, shaken at 45°C and 200 rpm for 8 h, filtered, washed and dried, placed in a muffle furnace at 750°C for 2 h, and the precipitate was collected to obtain the product; S2: A method for preparing an organic fermentation material, comprising the following steps: (1) sterilizing crop straw, egg shells, and mulberry leaves, adding them to sterile water at a material-liquid ratio of 1:12, and mixing to obtain a mixture; (2) Add EM bacteria in an amount of 2% by weight of the mixture to the mixture, mix well, and then perform anaerobic fermentation in a sealed environment at 60°C for 10 days to obtain the product; S3: Mixing the Anabaena active algae with the nutritional supplement, adding the mixture to 7 kg of a 10 wt % polyvinyl alcohol solution, and mixing well to obtain a first blend; S4: The composite carrier and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt were mixed, added into 8 kg of water, and stirred to obtain a second blend; S5: The first blend and the second blend are mixed evenly, and after standing for 14 hours, the organic fermentation material is added, and after mixing evenly, the mixture is allowed to stand for 16 hours, and then freeze-spray-dried to obtain.

[0037] Example 3 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, the raw materials of which include 0.22 kg of active Anabaena algae, 2.5 kg of a composite carrier, 1 kg of an organic fermentation material, 0.5 kg of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.015 kg of a nutritional supplement; wherein the composite carrier includes biochar and palygorskite powder in a mass ratio of 5:1, the raw materials of the organic fermentation material include crop straw, eggshells and mulberry leaves in a mass ratio of 15:4:6, the crop straw is corn straw, and the nutritional supplement includes superphosphate, zinc sulfate and potassium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.4.

[0038] The preparation method of the above-mentioned biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 comprises the following steps: S1: A method for preparing a composite carrier, comprising the following steps: The biochar and palygorskite powder were mixed, shaken at 45°C and 200 rpm for 9 hours, filtered, washed and dried, placed in a muffle furnace at 750°C for 2.5 hours, and the precipitate was collected to obtain the product; S2: A method for preparing an organic fermentation material, comprising the following steps: (1) sterilizing crop straw, egg shells, and mulberry leaves, adding them to sterile water at a material-liquid ratio of 1:10, and mixing to obtain a mixture; (2) Add EM bacteria in an amount of 1.6% by weight of the mixture to the mixture, mix well, and then perform anaerobic fermentation in a sealed environment at 45°C for 12 days to obtain the product; S3: Mixing the Anabaena active algae with the nutritional supplement, adding the mixture to 6.8 kg of a 10 wt % polyvinyl alcohol solution, and mixing well to obtain a first blend; S4: The composite carrier and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt were mixed, added into 9.5 kg of water, and stirred to obtain a second blend; S5: The first blend and the second blend are mixed evenly, and after standing for 12 hours, the organic fermentation material is added, and after mixing evenly, the mixture is allowed to stand for 18 hours, and then freeze-spray-dried to obtain.

[0039] Example 4 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 1 in that the composite carrier includes biochar and palygorskite powder in a mass ratio of 1:3, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0040] Example 5 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 1 in that no biochar is added, the process of step S1 is not performed, the composite carrier is replaced with palygorskite powder of equal mass, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0041] Example 6 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 1 in that palygorskite powder is not added, the process of step S1 is not performed, the composite carrier is replaced with biochar of equal mass, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0042] Example 7 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 1 in that step S1 specifically comprises: mixing biochar and palygorskite powder, shaking at 50° C. and 150 rpm for 10 hours, filtering, washing, and then drying. The other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0043] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 2 in that the mass of the active Anabaena algae is 0.12 kg, and the other steps are the same as Example 2.

[0044] Comparative Example 2 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 2 in that the mass of the active Anabaena algae is 0.1 kg, and the other steps are the same as Example 2.

[0045] Comparative Example 3 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 3 in that the mass of the active Anabaena algae is 0.25 kg, and the other steps are the same as Example 3.

[0046] Comparative Example 4 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 3 in that the mass of the active Anabaena algae is 0.3 kg, and the other steps are the same as Example 3.

[0047] Example 5 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 is different from Example 1 in that chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is replaced by a composite carrier of equal mass, and other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0048] Comparative Example 6 A biofertilizer containing Anabaena, which differs from Example 1 in that the Anabaena active algae is obtained by aseptically transferring the Anabaena (derived from the Anabaena numbered FACHB-82 provided by the Freshwater Algae Seed Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) algae species into freshly sterilized BG-11 culture medium, and using a light incubator at (28±1)°C and a light intensity of 50 μmol / (m 2 s), a light-dark time ratio of 12:12, and an air flow rate of 0.5 vvm, the cells were expanded to the logarithmic period, and the cell density was directly counted and recorded using a hemocytometer under a microscope (BX53, Olympus China Co., Ltd.). The final cell number was ≥10 6 When the algae solution was 100 μg / mL, the algae solution was centrifuged to collect the precipitate and vacuum dried. The other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0049] The formula of BG-11 culture medium is: K2HPO4, 0.04g / L; Na2CO3, 0.02g / L; MgSO4·7H2O, 0.075g / L; CaCl2·2H2O, 0.036g / L; Citric acid, 0.006g / L; Ferric ammonium citrate, 0.005g / L; EDTANa2, 0.001g / L; H3BO3, 2.86mg / L; MnCl2·4H2O, 1.81mg / L; ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.222mg / L; NaMoO4·2H2O, 0.39mg / L; CuSO4·5H2O, 0.079mg / L; Co(NO3)2·6H2O, 49.4ug / L.

[0050] Performance testing A rice field application test was conducted on a biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 / Anabaena obtained in Example 1-7 and Comparative Example 1-6.

[0051] 1. Experimental field: The rice experimental field in Chengyang District, Qingdao City, was selected for the experiment with fields with roughly similar environmental conditions and soil conditions for potential rice growth.

[0052] 2. Test rice variety: Nanjing 9108.

[0053] 3. Test method: S1: The experimental field was divided into 16 planting areas of equal size, each of which included three planting area units of equal size, for a total of 48 planting area units. Rice was sown in mid-April 2024 and transplanted to each of the 48 planting area units in mid-May 2024 at the same planting density. The experimental period was from April 2024 to September 2024. S2: Fertilization was performed on all 15 planting areas at a dosage of 65 kg / mu, with the biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 / Anabaena obtained in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 applied respectively. The 16th planting area was used as a control group, and organic fertilizer using livestock and poultry manure as the main raw material was applied at a dosage of 65 kg / mu. All 16 planting areas were managed with the same water management mode. S3: After harvest, rice yields in three regional units of the 16 planting areas were counted and the root activity of each regional unit was measured using the α-naphthylamine method. The average value of rice yield and root activity of the three regional units in each group was calculated as the final result for each planting area, and the final results are recorded in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1 The performance test results in Table 1 indicate that using Anabaena active algae as one of the raw materials for biofertilizer preparation in the rice planting industry has a significant effect on increasing rice yields and can also enhance the root vitality of the crop. This indicates that the activity and nutrient absorption capacity of the rice are significantly enhanced. Furthermore, the rice can maintain good growth in adverse environments such as drought and salinity, effectively enhancing its stress resistance and ensuring the quality and yield of the rice.

[0055] The performance test results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 6 show that Examples 1-3 all used Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 as the active algae species for expansion cultivation to obtain active Anabaena algae. However, the active Anabaena algae obtained in Comparative Example 5, using Anabaena sp. FACHB-82 as the active algae species, when used to prepare biofertilizer for rice cultivation, showed significantly poorer rice yield-increasing effects than those of Examples 1-3. In particular, Anabaena sp. FACHB-82 had minimal effect on enhancing rice root vitality. This may be due to its lack of activity promoting rice growth in water and its insufficient soil-improving effects. While it can promote nitrogen absorption in crops and enhance organic matter accumulation, thereby increasing nutrient absorption capacity and achieving a certain yield increase, it has little effect on improving crop stress resistance, resulting in a significant impact on rice yield due to adverse environmental conditions. Therefore, not all Anabaena species can effectively increase rice yield and improve rice's stress resistance during growth. Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 shows outstanding effects in increasing crop yield and enhancing stress resistance when used in the preparation of biofertilizer for rice cultivation.

[0056] According to the performance test results of Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, it can be seen that under the formulation of the present application, Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 can be used as a raw material to prepare a biofertilizer, which can maximize the effect of increasing crop yield and enhancing stress resistance when applied to rice cultivation. Excessive addition will not only fail to enhance the effect of Anabaena sp. in promoting rice yield, but will have an adverse effect on crop yield, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0057] According to the performance test results of Examples 2-3 and Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that the use of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt plays an important role in improving the fertilizer efficiency of biofertilizers. This is because chitosan quaternary ammonium salts not only have antibacterial ability, which can further improve the soil ecological environment and reduce harmful microorganisms in the soil, but can also be coated on the surface of the composite carrier to form a richer adsorption system, thereby enhancing the binding ability between various raw materials in the biofertilizer and improving the adhesion ability of Anabaena active algae to the crop root system, thereby improving the fertilizer efficiency of the biofertilizer, promoting rice production, and ensuring that the crops have good stress resistance.

[0058] The performance test results of Examples 1 and 4-7 demonstrate that the porous structure of biochar and the layered structure of palygorskite powder complement each other, increasing the specific surface area and adsorption performance of the composite carrier, providing a richer habitat and nutrient storage space for the active algae Anabaena, thereby promoting the active algae's function. Using either biochar or palygorskite powder alone reduces the adsorption effect on the active algae Anabaena.

[0059] After the biochar and palygorskite powder are mixed, shaken, filtered, washed and dried, and then subjected to high-temperature reaction, the biochar and palygorskite powder can be more fully mixed and certain physical and chemical reactions can occur, thereby forming a composite carrier with good adsorption properties, ion exchange properties and structural stability, so that the active algae of Anabaena can better play its role and promote the increase of rice yield and the enhancement of stress resistance.

[0060] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight, 1.5-2.2 parts of Anabaena active algae, 15-25 parts of a composite carrier, 10-15 parts of an organic fermentation material, 3-5 parts of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and 0.15-0.4 parts of a nutritional supplement; The active algae of Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 is cultured in BG11 medium until the cell number is ≥10 6 / mL, and the precipitate was collected by centrifugation and vacuum freeze-dried. The Anabaena sp. QDHP-044 was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on March 9, 2023, with a deposit number of CCTCCNO: M 2023271.

2. The biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 according to claim 1, characterized in that The composite carrier includes biochar and palygorskite powder in a mass ratio of (3-5):

1.

3. The biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw materials of the organic fermentation material include crop straw, egg shells and mulberry leaves in a mass ratio of (10-15): (1-4): (3-6).

4. The biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 according to claim 1, characterized in that The nutritional supplement is a combination of at least two of potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, superphosphate and potassium phosphate.

5. The method for preparing a biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: mixing the active algae of Anabaena with the nutritional supplement, adding the mixture to a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and mixing uniformly to obtain a first blend; S2: mixing the composite carrier and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, adding the mixture into water, and stirring evenly to obtain a second blend; S3: The first blend and the second blend are mixed evenly, and after standing for 10-14 hours, the organic fermentation material is added, and after mixing evenly, the mixture is stood for 16-20 hours, and then freeze-spray-dried to obtain.

6. The method for preparing the biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite carrier comprises the following steps: The biochar and palygorskite powder are mixed, shaken at 45-50° C. and 150-200 rpm for 8-10 hours, filtered, washed and dried, placed in a muffle furnace at 600-750° C. for reaction for 2-3 hours, and the precipitate is collected.

7. The method for preparing the biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for preparing the organic fermentation material comprises the following steps: S1: sterilizing crop straw, egg shells and mulberry leaves, adding them to water and mixing to obtain a mixture; S2: Add EM bacteria in an amount of 1.2-2% by weight of the mixture to the mixture, mix well, and then perform anaerobic fermentation in a sealed environment at 35-60° C. for 10-15 days to obtain the product.

8. The biofertilizer containing Anabaena QDHP-044 according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used in rice cultivation.

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