Grouting pipe of sealing leather ring and preparation method of grouting pipe

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grouting pipes, and discloses a grouting pipe of a sealing leather collar and a preparation method thereof.The grouting pipe comprises a pipe body, at least one set of grouting holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the pipe body, and at least one annular groove is formed in the peripheral position, related to the at least one set of grouting holes, of the pipe body; the number of the grouting holes in one group is multiple; the grouting head is fixed at one end of the pipe body, and the grouting head is provided with a connecting structure matched with a sounding pipe; and the at least one sealing leather ring is arranged in the at least one annular groove of the pipe body. By means of the optimized design of the sealing leather ring and the grouting head, the structure matching performance is high, installation is easy and convenient, the problems of backward flowing and blocking caused by adhesive tape falling can be effectively solved, the grouting sealing reliability and the construction efficiency are improved, and meanwhile the construction cost and the engineering risk are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grouting pipes, in particular to a grouting pipe with a sealed leather ring and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In civil engineering, especially during pile foundation construction and the accompanying grouting of acoustic detection pipes, grouting pipes play a key role in improving the bearing capacity of the foundation and ensuring the integrity of concrete piles. By establishing grouting channels at the pile ends or sides and applying cement-based slurry, not only can soil compaction and splitting consolidation be achieved, but pile end sedimentation can also be effectively addressed, thereby enhancing the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile foundation and reducing settlement. These pipes are widely used in deep foundation construction, such as high-rise buildings, bridges, and rail projects. As engineering standards improve, the comprehensive requirements for sealing effectiveness, ease of construction, and material performance in grouting systems continue to rise.

[0003] Currently, most common grouting systems use metal grouting pipes. During construction, metal grouting pipes usually require an external adapter sleeve to connect to the acoustic detection pipe. Due to the large difference in pipe diameter specifications (grouting pipes are mostly φ20-φ32mm, while acoustic detection pipes are mostly φ50-φ57mm), direct installation is not possible. At the same time, when sealing the grouting holes, traditional solutions often use methods such as wrapping waterproof tape to achieve initial sealing, and rely on the high-pressure filling effect of cement slurry to complete the final closure. This method is theoretically feasible, but in actual engineering environments, due to the displacement or shedding of the tape, the sealing effect is unstable, often resulting in concrete backflow into the grouting hole or pipe blockage, affecting subsequent grouting operations and even causing project failure.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a grouting pipe with a sealed leather ring and a preparation method thereof to solve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grouting pipe with a sealing leather ring and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the sealing performance of the existing grouting pipe is unstable and the specifications of the acoustic detection pipe do not match.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a grouting pipe with a sealed leather ring, comprising: A pipe body, wherein at least one group of grouting holes is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the pipe body, and at least one annular groove is formed at a position on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe body associated with the at least one group of grouting holes, and the number of the grouting holes in a group is multiple; The key to achieving efficient and uniform slurry distribution is the presence of at least one set of grouting holes with multiple slurry outlets on the outer wall of the pipe body. This design changes the traditional single-point or sparse slurry outlet method by promoting a wider and more uniform coverage of the slurry in the target area through multi-point, diffuse slurry outlet, thereby improving the effectiveness and controllability of grouting. At the same time, the annular grooves designed in conjunction with the grouting holes provide precise positioning and a stable load-bearing foundation for the sealing ring, ensuring that the seal can operate reliably under pressure and environmental changes. This is a manifestation of the coordinated optimization of structure and function.

[0007] A grouting head is fixed to one end of the pipe body, and the grouting head has a connection structure matching the acoustic detection pipe; The highlight of the grouting head design is that it integrates a connection structure that matches the acoustic detection pipe, which reduces the use of adapters, simplifies construction, and reduces costs.

[0008] at least one sealing leather ring, mounted in the at least one annular groove of the tube body; The sealing ring, installed within the annular groove of the pipe body, is the core of this invention's long-lasting active seal. This is due to a special modification of the TPE material (the specific modification will be explained later), which allows it to spontaneously expand in volume upon contact with moisture. When the sealing ring comes into contact with moisture in the environment, it actively expands and tightly fills the gap between the grouting pipe and the surrounding medium, forming a dynamic, highly adaptable waterproof barrier. This active, responsive sealing method not only prevents grouting leakage during grouting but also compensates for potential leakage paths over the long term.

[0009] The sealing apron comprises the following components in parts by mass: Thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin: 100 parts; Moisture-responsive component with dual-functionalized surface: 1.0 to 15.0 parts; Plasticizer: 10 to 80 parts; First antioxidant: 0.1 to 0.5 parts; Second antioxidant: 0.1 to 0.5 parts; UV absorber: 0.2 to 0.8 parts; Interfacial modifier: 0.5 to 5.0 parts by mass.

[0010] The superior performance of this sealing apron stems from the synergistic effect of its specific components. A 100-part thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin provides the material's necessary elasticity and mechanical strength, fundamental to its use as a dynamic seal. The molecular chain structure of the matrix resin itself imparts the material's macroscopic resilience.

[0011] The moisture-responsive component, with a dual-functionalized surface modification (1.0 to 15.0 parts), is the core of the water-swelling seal. This component's strong water absorption is crucial. The dual-functionalization treatment significantly improves its uniform dispersion within the hydrophobic elastomer matrix and effectively regulates its rate and degree of water absorption and expansion. This precise surface engineering ensures the effective distribution and controllable action of moisture-responsive sites within the material.

[0012] 10 to 80 parts of plasticizer are used to adjust the flexibility and processing fluidity of the material by reducing the interaction force between the elastomer macromolecular chains and increasing the chain segment mobility to ensure long-term performance.

[0013] The first antioxidant (0.1 to 0.5 parts) and the second antioxidant (0.1 to 0.5 parts), the former captures free radicals and the latter decomposes peroxides, the two work synergistically to delay thermal oxidative aging.

[0014] UV absorbers (0.2 to 0.8 parts) protect materials from photodegradation by absorbing UV light and converting it into harmless energy.

[0015] The interfacial modifier, with a molecular weight of 0.5 to 5.0, reduces the interfacial tension between the moisture-responsive component and the elastomer matrix, enhancing the adhesion between the two phases. This not only improves the overall mechanical properties of the composite and the stability of the component dispersion, but also further optimizes the moisture-responsive function.

[0016] Preferably, the thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin is a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer.

[0017] In the sealing apron material system of this invention, the selection of the thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin is a key factor in achieving its comprehensive performance. The use of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS) as this matrix resin is based on the multifaceted performance advantages offered by its unique molecular structure, which directly contributes to the sealing apron's ultimate performance and durability.

[0018] SEBS, a saturated thermoplastic elastomer, is characterized by its unique molecular chain structure. It consists of polystyrene (PS) hard segments and a polyethylene-butylene (EB) flexible middle segment. At room temperature, the polystyrene hard segments at both ends of the molecular chain physically entangle or crystallize to form physical crosslinks, which impart elasticity and strength similar to vulcanized rubber. The polyethylene-butylene flexible segment in the middle imparts excellent flexibility and rubber-like elastic recovery. This physical crosslinking structure enables SEBS to exhibit excellent elasticity without chemical vulcanization and allows for melt processing at high temperatures, resulting in excellent thermoplastic processability.

[0019] A key innovative consideration in choosing SEBS as the base resin lies in its saturated polyethylene-butylene flexible midsegment. Compared to unsaturated rubber midsegments (such as the polybutadiene segment in SBS), SEBS's saturated structure imparts exceptional resistance to weathering, thermal oxidation aging, and ozone. This is because saturated C-C single bonds are more chemically stable than unsaturated C=C double bonds, making them less susceptible to aging reactions such as chain scission or crosslinking caused by oxygen, ozone, and UV light. Consequently, SEBS-based sealing rings are better able to withstand the erosion of hot and humid environments, temperature fluctuations, and potential chemical media over long-term use, ensuring the long-term stability of their elasticity and sealing properties. This is a key factor in enhancing the reliability and service life of grouting pipe seals used in complex engineering environments.

[0020] Furthermore, SEBS generally exhibits good compatibility with other polymer components and additives, particularly when combined with other specific functional components (such as moisture-responsive components, plasticizers, and antioxidants) in this invention, helping to form a uniform and stable composite material system. Its excellent dispersibility facilitates the full functionalization of each component, ultimately optimizing the overall performance of the sealing apron.

[0021] Preferably, the moisture-responsive component with a surface modified by dual functionalization is ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles of cross-linked polyacrylate, and the average particle size of the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles is 5 to 45 microns; The key to achieving the critical water-swelling function of the sealing apron of the present invention lies in the use of cross-linked polyacrylate as the ultrafine, high-molecular-weight, water-absorbing resin particles. Polyacrylates contain numerous hydrophilic groups (such as carboxylate ions), which form the molecular basis for their ability to absorb and retain large amounts of water. Water molecules bind to these hydrophilic groups through hydrogen bonds and other interactions, penetrating the polymer network.

[0022] The choice of a cross-linked polyacrylate is crucial. This chemical cross-linking creates a three-dimensional network between the polymer chains. This network allows the resin to expand significantly upon absorbing water, forming a hydrogel without dissolving in water, thereby maintaining its solid particle form and structural strength. This controlled swelling behavior is key to its ability to effectively fill gaps in sealing applications without loss, ensuring that the expanded volume remains sufficient to provide a continuous seal.

[0023] Controlling the average particle size of the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles within the range of 5 to 45 microns has the following key advantages: First, a smaller particle size means a larger specific surface area, which allows the particles to come into contact with surrounding water more quickly and fully, thereby improving the response rate of water absorption and swelling. Second, particles within this size range are more easily dispersed in the thermoplastic elastomer matrix, avoiding stress concentration points or uneven dispersion caused by overly large particles, thereby ensuring the stability and uniformity of the overall mechanical properties of the composite material.

[0024] The dual functionalization modification includes: a first functionalization treatment, which is surface treatment by a hydrophobic modifier; and a second functionalization treatment, which is surface treatment by a swelling regulating modifier.

[0025] The first functionalization step involves surface treatment of the water-absorbing resin particles with a hydrophobic modifier. This involves introducing hydrophobic groups or forming a thin hydrophobic layer on the surface of the already highly hydrophilic particles. This step primarily aims to improve the interfacial compatibility between the inherently hydrophilic particles and the hydrophobic thermoplastic elastomer matrix. By reducing the interfacial tension between the particles, the hydrophobic treatment facilitates a more uniform dispersion of the particles within the elastomer matrix during melt blending, minimizing agglomeration and ensuring structural uniformity and performance stability in the final sealing apron material. Furthermore, moderate surface hydrophobicization may also influence the initial wetting behavior upon contact with water.

[0026] Following this, the second functionalization treatment involves further surface treatment of the first-treated particles using a swelling control modifier. This involves modifying the surface structure or chemical properties of the water-absorbing resin particles to precisely control their subsequent swelling rate, degree of swelling, or gel strength after swelling when exposed to water. For example, the rate at which water enters the interior of the particles and their ultimate expansion volume can be regulated by forming a shell layer with specific permeability or by introducing additional cross-linking points on the surface of the particles. The innovative significance of this step is that it allows the swelling behavior of the water-absorbing resin to no longer be simply rapid water absorption, but can be "customized" according to actual application requirements, avoiding internal stress concentration or structural damage in the material caused by excessive or excessive swelling, and ensuring the controllability and reliability of the sealing ring when performing its water-expanding function.

[0027] Preferably, the hydrophobic modifier is selected from at least one of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stearic acid; and the swelling control modifier is selected from at least one of glutaraldehyde and low molecular weight polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether.

[0028] γ-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane: This silane coupling agent contains both an organophilic group (aminopropyl) and a hydrolyzable alkoxy group (ethoxy). In the presence of water, the alkoxy group hydrolyzes to form silanol groups, which can condense with hydroxyl or carboxyl groups on the surface of the water-absorbing resin particles, forming stable chemical bonds. Furthermore, the aminopropyl end group exhibits good organic compatibility, improving the interfacial bonding between the water-absorbing resin particles and the hydrophobic TPE matrix. Through this "bridging" effect, the hydrophobic siloxane structure and organic groups are introduced to the surface of the water-absorbing resin, achieving surface hydrophobicity.

[0029] Stearic acid: As a long-chain fatty acid, it is characterized by its long non-polar hydrocarbon chain (hydrophobic end) and terminal carboxyl group (hydrophilic end). Stearic acid can coat the surface of water-absorbing resin particles with its long hydrophobic chain through physical adsorption or weak chemical reactions such as esterification with certain groups on the surface of the water-absorbing resin, forming a hydrophobic film. This reduces the surface energy of the particles and improves their dispersibility in the hydrophobic matrix.

[0030] Glutaraldehyde: Glutaraldehyde is a bifunctional aldehyde that cross-links with amino, hydroxyl, or amide groups on the surface of water-absorbing resins (such as polyacrylates), forming a layer or further enhancing the density of a cross-linked network on the particle surface. This enhanced surface cross-linking effectively limits the rapid penetration of water into the particle interior and restricts the particle's ultimate swelling volume, thereby regulating the swelling rate and degree.

[0031] Low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether: The epoxy groups at its ends are highly reactive, allowing them to undergo ring-opening addition reactions with active hydrogen-containing groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, or amine groups on the surface of the water-absorbent resin, forming new chemical bonds. This can also introduce new cross-linked structures onto the particle surface or form a shell with specific permeability. The polyethylene glycol segments themselves possess a certain degree of hydrophilicity and flexibility. By controlling their dosage and reaction rate, the surface pore structure and water permeability can be finely tuned, effectively controlling the swelling behavior of the water-absorbent resin.

[0032] Preferably, the interfacial modifier is polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether.

[0033] In the composite material system of the sealing apron of the present invention, polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether is preferably used as an interfacial modifier. This choice is intended to optimize the interfacial interaction between the different components, especially the surface-modified moisture-responsive component, and the thermoplastic elastomer matrix.

[0034] Polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether is a nonionic surfactant whose molecular structure contains both a hydrophilic part (polyethylene glycol chain) and a lipophilic / hydrophobic part (octylphenyl group). Its core lies in this "amphipatic" structure: Hydrophobic end (octylphenyl): can produce good physical adsorption or intermolecular force with the hydrophobic TPE matrix resin.

[0035] Hydrophilic end (polyethylene glycol chain): capable of interacting with the moisture-responsive component (which retains certain polarity or sites capable of forming hydrogen bonds even after surface modification) or its surface modification layer.

[0036] In this way, PEG-octylphenyl ether can be enriched at the interface between the moisture-responsive component particles and the TPE matrix, acting like a "bridge" connecting two phases with greatly different chemical properties.

[0037] This interfacial modification reduces the interfacial tension between the two phases and promotes a more uniform and stable dispersion of the moisture-responsive components in the TPE matrix.

[0038] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a grouting pipe with a sealing apron, comprising the following steps: S1. Performing a first and a second functionalization treatment on ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles as a moisture-responsive component to obtain a moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface; In step S1, the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles, which serve as the moisture-responsive component, undergo the first and second functionalization treatments. This step is the starting point for achieving the water-swelling function of the sealing apron core. Through precise surface chemical modification, the water-absorbing resin particles are endowed with excellent compatibility with the hydrophobic elastomer matrix and their water absorption and swelling behavior are effectively controlled. This is a critical pretreatment to ensure that the moisture-responsive component is uniformly dispersed in the subsequent composite material and functions as intended, reflecting innovation in the customization of material functions.

[0039] S2. melt-blending the moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface with a thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin, a plasticizer, a first antioxidant, a second antioxidant, an ultraviolet light absorber, and an interfacial modifier according to defined weight fractions and granulating the mixture to prepare a TPE composite material; In step S2, the dual-functionalized moisture-responsive component is melt-blended with a thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin, plasticizer, antioxidants (primary and secondary), UV absorber, and interfacial modifier in predetermined mass fractions, followed by pelletization. This step aims to produce homogeneous TPE composite pellets with specific properties. High-temperature melting and intense shear mixing ensure the components are fully dispersed and interact with each other at the molecular level, forming a synergistic whole. Precise proportioning and uniform blending are essential for ensuring consistent and reliable performance of the final sealing apron.

[0040] S3, injection molding the TPE composite material to produce a sealing leather ring; In step S3, the prepared TPE composite material is injection molded into a sealing apron. Injection molding allows for precise control of the size, shape, and surface quality of the sealing apron. This process utilizes the thermoplastic properties of the TPE material, injecting it into a mold cavity under high pressure while heated and molten, where it cools and solidifies to produce the desired product shape. This step transforms the composite material's macroscopic properties into a sealing element with a specific geometry and functionality.

[0041] S4. Prepare a pipe body, open a plurality of grouting holes on the outer peripheral wall thereof, and form at least one annular groove at a position associated with the grouting holes; Step S4 includes preparing the pipe body and opening a plurality of key grouting holes and an annular groove for installing the sealing ring on its outer wall. These structures are key to achieving uniform grouting and positioning the ring.

[0042] S5, preparing a grouting head and fixing the grouting head to one end of the pipe body; Step S5 is to prepare a grouting head and fix it to one end of the pipe body, completing the basic construction of the slurry delivery channel and the presetting of the connection function. These steps ensure the accurate manufacture of the grouting pipe main structure.

[0043] S6. Install the sealing leather ring in the annular groove of the pipe body to obtain a grouting pipe with a sealing leather ring.

[0044] In step S6, the previously prepared sealing ring is precisely installed in the annular groove of the pipe body. This assembly step organically combines the core water-swellable sealing element with the main structure of the grouting pipe, and finally obtains a complete grouting pipe with a sealing ring.

[0045] Preferably, the first functionalization treatment is to react the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles with at least one hydrophobic modifier selected from γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or stearic acid at 60 to 100°C for 0.5 to 2 hours; the second functionalization treatment is to react the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles after the first functionalization treatment with at least one swelling control modifier selected from glutaraldehyde or low molecular weight polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether at 40 to 80°C for 0.5 to 2.5 hours.

[0046] The preferred first functionalization treatment is to react ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles with a selected hydrophobic modifier (γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or stearic acid) at a temperature of 60 to 100° C. for 0.5 to 2 hours.

[0047] Temperature range (60-100°C): This temperature range is chosen because it provides sufficient activation energy to promote effective reactions between the hydrophobic modifier and the surface of the water-absorbing resin particles (such as silane hydrolysis and condensation, or fatty acid adsorption / esterification), ensuring uniform and robust formation of the modified layer. Simultaneously, this relatively mild temperature avoids thermal degradation or damage to the structure of the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles, thereby maintaining their original water-absorbing core capacity. This is an optimal range that balances reaction rate and material stability.

[0048] Reaction time (0.5-2 hours): This time range is designed to ensure the hydrophobization reaction proceeds fully, allowing the modifier sufficient time to diffuse, orient, and bond or coat the particle surface, forming an effective hydrophobic layer. A time that is too short may result in incomplete modification and poor hydrophobicity. A time that is too long may not provide significant additional benefits but may increase energy consumption and production cycle time. This time window is crucial for achieving efficient and thorough surface hydrophobization.

[0049] The preferred second functionalization treatment is to react the first-treated microparticles with a selected swelling control modifier (glutaraldehyde or low molecular weight polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) at a temperature of 40 to 80° C. for 0.5 to 2.5 hours.

[0050] Temperature range (40-80°C): This temperature range provides optimal reaction conditions for swelling modifiers (such as glutaraldehyde cross-linking reactions or epoxy ring-opening addition reactions) to form an effective surface layer. Compared to the first treatment, the temperature range here is typically slightly lower or overlaps slightly. This is because surface cross-linking or shell formation reactions can be more sensitive and require more precisely controlled conditions to avoid overreaction that significantly reduces water absorption or the formation of an overly dense shell that blocks water ingress.

[0051] Reaction time (0.5-2.5 hours): This time range ensures that the swelling modifier can fully interact with the particle surface, forming a control layer with the desired permeability and structural strength. By precisely controlling the reaction time, the density of surface crosslinks or the thickness of the shell can be adjusted, thereby finely tuning the swelling rate, ultimate swelling degree, and gel strength of the water-absorbing resin particles. This is the key to achieving customized water swelling behavior of the sealing apron.

[0052] Preferably, the melt blending is carried out through a twin-screw extruder, wherein the moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface is added through the downstream side feed port of the twin-screw extruder, the set temperature range of each heating zone of the twin-screw extruder is 130 to 210°C, and the screw speed setting range is 150 to 450rpm.

[0053] Twin-screw extruders are widely used in the preparation of polymer composites due to their superior mixing and dispersion capabilities, as well as their precise control over material residence time distribution. This is due to the strong shearing, kneading, and stretching effects produced by the intermeshing action of the twin screws, which effectively break up the various components and evenly disperse them within the polymer matrix. This is crucial for TPE systems containing multiple functional additives (particularly surface-modified moisture-responsive components) as used in this invention, ensuring uniform distribution of the components at the microscopic level, resulting in composite materials exhibiting consistent and predictable macroscopic properties.

[0054] An important process innovation of the present invention is that the moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface is added through the downstream side feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Protecting functional components: Moisture-responsive components (even after modification) can be sensitive to excessive shear stress or prolonged heating. Adding them to the feed port from the downstream side allows them to avoid the high shear zone and initial melting zone near the extruder's main feed port, reducing potential mechanical damage or excessive heat exposure during extrusion, thereby better maintaining their original water absorption and expansion properties.

[0055] Optimize dispersion and distribution: After the TPE matrix resin and other relatively heat-resistant additives have been fully melted and preliminarily mixed in the front section of the extruder, the moisture-responsive component can be added from the side to disperse it in the already formed melt, helping to achieve a more uniform distribution and avoid agglomeration or unevenness that may be caused by early addition.

[0056] Heating Zone Temperature (130-210°C): The temperature range of each heating zone in the twin-screw extruder is set between 130 and 210°C, based on the melting characteristics and thermal stability of the selected TPE matrix resin (such as SEBS) and other components. This temperature range ensures that the TPE matrix resin fully melts, forming a melt with good fluidity, which provides the necessary conditions for the effective dispersion of the various components. Furthermore, by setting the heating zone temperature in sections, the melt viscosity and the thermal history of the material in different zones within the extruder can be precisely controlled, avoiding polymer degradation or functional additive failure due to excessively high temperatures, or inadequate mixing due to excessively low temperatures. This is an optimal temperature range that strikes a balance between ensuring sufficient material plasticization and avoiding thermal damage.

[0057] Screw Speed ​​(150-450 rpm): Setting the screw speed range between 150 and 450 rpm directly affects the shear rate, mixing intensity, and residence time of the material within the extruder. Higher screw speeds generally result in stronger shear and shorter residence time, which helps improve dispersion efficiency and reduce the risk of thermal degradation. However, excessively high speeds can also lead to excessive shear, damaging certain sensitive components. Therefore, selecting this speed range is a balance between ensuring adequate mixing and dispersion while protecting component integrity, aiming to achieve optimal blending results and production efficiency.

[0058] Preferably, the tube body is prepared by extrusion molding or injection molding, and the grouting head is prepared by injection molding; the barrel temperature setting range of the injection molding is 165 to 195°C, and the mold temperature setting range is 30 to 55°C; the temperature setting range of each zone of the extruder for extrusion molding is 150 to 190°C.

[0059] Extrusion: For long-length, regularly shaped tubular structures, extrusion is an efficient, continuous production method. It involves extruding a uniformly plasticized PVC melt through a specific die, where it cools and shapes the tube to the desired cross-sectional shape. In this process, the temperature of each extruder zone is set between 150°C and 190°C. This temperature setting ensures that the PVC material is fully and evenly plasticized at each stage (feeding, compression, melting, and metering), forming a melt with optimal fluidity. It also minimizes PVC degradation due to overheating, ensuring the mechanical properties and chemical stability of the tube material.

[0060] Injection molding: If the tube structure is complex or requires higher local precision, injection molding can also be used. The barrel temperature setting range is 165 to 195°C, and the mold temperature setting range is 30 to 55°C. The barrel temperature ensures that the PVC is fully melted and has good fluidity to fill the mold cavity. The lower mold temperature helps the melt cool and solidify quickly, shortening the molding cycle and producing a dimensionally stable tube with a smooth surface.

[0061] Because the grouting head typically has a more complex shape to facilitate connection with the pipe body and slurry flow, it is preferably produced by injection molding. The process parameters are similar to those used for injection molding the pipe body: the barrel temperature is set between 165 and 195°C, and the mold temperature is set between 30 and 55°C. These parameters are set similarly to those used for injection molding the pipe body, aiming to accurately replicate the complex mold cavity, resulting in a dimensionally precise and structurally sound grouting head component, ensuring its perfect fit with the pipe body and subsequent grouting equipment.

[0062] Preferably, the process parameters for injection molding of the sealing leather ring include: a barrel temperature setting range of 160 to 205°C, and a mold temperature setting range of 20 to 50°C.

[0063] The preferred barrel temperature setting range is 160 to 205°C. This ensures that the specially formulated TPE compound is fully and evenly melted and plasticized in the barrel, forming a melt with excellent fluidity. This is crucial for complete mold cavity filling, especially for potentially complex or delicate structures. Furthermore, the upper temperature limit is controlled to prevent thermal degradation or performance degradation of the TPE matrix resin (such as SEBS) or its heat-sensitive functional components (such as moisture-responsive components and antioxidants) from prolonged high temperature exposure, thereby ensuring the elasticity and water-swelling properties of the sealing apron. This is an optimal range that strikes a balance between ensuring material fluidity and maintaining material performance stability.

[0064] The preferred mold temperature setting range is 20 to 50°C. This is because relatively low mold temperatures facilitate rapid cooling and solidification of the melt after injection into the mold cavity, thereby shortening the molding cycle and improving production efficiency. More importantly, the appropriate mold temperature controls the rate and extent of crystallization of the TPE material or the formation of a physical crosslinking network (for block copolymers such as SEBS), which directly impacts the sealing apron's ultimate mechanical properties (such as hardness and resilience) and dimensional stability. Excessively high or low mold temperatures can lead to defects in the product, such as uneven shrinkage, surface imperfections, or excessive internal stress. This temperature range is designed to produce a sealing apron with excellent surface quality and precise dimensions.

[0065] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention utilizes an injection molding process to manufacture the grouting head and sealing ring. The grouting head, with its PVC base material, directly matches the specifications of existing acoustic detection pipes, eliminating the need for additional adapter components. This significantly simplifies the construction process and reduces assembly errors and costs. Furthermore, the sealing ring, made of TPE material and regulated through formulation and process, possesses excellent elasticity and sealing responsiveness, adapting to the sealing requirements under varying grouting pressures. This significantly improves construction efficiency and sealing reliability, effectively resolving the problem of backflow blockage caused by tape detachment in traditional processes.

[0066] 2. By introducing an interfacial modifier, this invention effectively enhances the compatibility between the moisture-responsive component and the TPE matrix, promoting uniform dispersion of the functional particles at the microscopic level. This strategy significantly improves the structural consistency of the composite material, helping to alleviate stress concentration. This allows the sealing ring to maintain stable mechanical response and flexibility even under dynamic loads or complex stress environments, demonstrating high reliability and applicability.

[0067] 3. The dual-functionalization process employed in this invention significantly enhances the interfacial affinity of the moisture-responsive component and, through the introduction of a cross-linked structure, effectively inhibits the rapid expansion of the sealing apron in water. This prevents the sealing apron's instability in a water environment, ensures controlled expansion of the material under the influence of water, and guarantees the durability and performance stability of the sealing apron in sealing applications.

[0068] 4. This invention utilizes a downstream side-feeding process, which avoids degradation of moisture-responsive components under high-temperature shear conditions. This optimized process effectively protects the sealing apron, minimizing potential deactivation and degradation caused by prolonged high-temperature exposure. This improves the sealing apron's interfacial bonding with the TPE matrix, enhancing the composite's overall performance and ensuring its stability and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation process of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the tube structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the grouting hole structure of the present invention.

[0070] Among them, 1. pipe body; 2. grouting hole; 3. annular groove; 4. grouting head; 5. sealing leather ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 , the present invention is described in further detail.

[0072] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available or can be prepared by known methods.

[0073] Example 1: Step S1: Preparation of dual-functionalized moisture-responsive components The first functionalization treatment: ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles with an average particle size of 25 microns are reacted with a hydrophobic modifier, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, at 80° C. for 1.5 hours.

[0074] Second functionalization treatment: The first-treated microparticles were reacted with a swelling control modifier, glutaraldehyde, at 60° C. for 1.5 hours to obtain a moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface.

[0075] Step S2: Preparation of TPE composite materials Ingredients (parts by mass): Thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin: 100 parts; 8.0 parts of a moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface; Plasticizer (naphthenic oil): 45 parts; First antioxidant (phosphite auxiliary antioxidant 168): 0.3 parts; Second antioxidant (hindered phenol antioxidant 1010): 0.3 parts; Ultraviolet light absorber (benzotriazole UV-326): 0.5 parts; Interfacial modifier (polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether): 2.75 parts.

[0076] Melt blending and granulation: This is performed using a twin-screw extruder. The moisture-responsive component, which has undergone dual-functionalization on its surface, is added through a downstream side feed port. The temperature of each heating zone of the twin-screw extruder is set to 170°C (average range, e.g., 140-200°C in stages), and the screw speed is set to 300 rpm. Blending is followed by granulation.

[0077] Step S3: Injection molding of the sealing ring Injection molding of TPE composite materials. The barrel temperature setting range is 180°C (average range, for example, 170-195°C step setting), and the mold temperature is set to 35°C.

[0078] Step S4: Preparation of the tube body The pipe body is prepared by extrusion molding. The temperature of each zone of the extruder is set to 170°C (average range, for example, 155-185°C in stages). A plurality of grouting holes are opened on the outer peripheral wall, and at least one annular groove is formed in the position associated with the grouting holes.

[0079] Step S5: Preparation of grouting head The injection molding process was used to prepare the injection molding head. The barrel temperature was set to 180°C (average range, for example, 170-190°C in stages), and the mold temperature was set to 40°C.

[0080] Step S6: Assembly of the sealing rubber ring grouting pipe Fix the grouting head to one end of the pipe body, and then install the sealing rubber ring in the annular groove of the pipe body.

[0081] Example 2: Step S1: Preparation of dual-functionalized moisture-responsive components The first functionalization treatment: ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles with an average particle size of 5 microns are reacted with a hydrophobic modifier, stearic acid, at 60°C for 0.5 hours.

[0082] Second functionalization treatment: The first-treated microparticles were reacted with a swelling control modifier, low molecular weight polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, at 40° C. for 0.5 hours.

[0083] Step S2: Preparation of TPE composite materials Ingredients (parts by mass): Thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin: 100 parts; Moisture-responsive component with dual-functionalized surface: 1.0 part; Plasticizer (naphthenic oil) 10 parts; First antioxidant (phosphite auxiliary antioxidant 168): 0.1 part; Second antioxidant (hindered phenol antioxidant 1010): 0.1 part; Ultraviolet light absorber (benzotriazole UV-326): 0.2 parts; Interface modifier (polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether): 0.5 parts.

[0084] Melt blending and granulation: carried out by a twin-screw extruder with side feeding. The temperature setting range of each heating zone of the twin-screw extruder is 130°C (starting zone) to about 160°C, and the screw speed is set at 150 rpm.

[0085] Step S3: Injection molding of the sealing ring The barrel temperature setting range is 160°C (initial section) to about 170°C, and the mold temperature is set at 20°C.

[0086] Step S4: Preparation of the tube body Prepare the tube body by injection molding. Set the barrel temperature to 165°C (starting section) to approximately 175°C, and the mold temperature to 30°C. Create injection holes and annular grooves. (If extrusion molding is used, the extruder temperature in each zone should be set to 150°C initially.) Step S5: Preparation of grouting head Injection molding: The barrel temperature was set at 165°C (starting section) to about 175°C, and the mold temperature was set at 30°C.

[0087] Step S6: Assembly of the sealing rubber ring grouting pipe Same as Example 1.

[0088] Example 3: Step S1: Preparation of dual-functionalized moisture-responsive components The first functionalization treatment: ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles with an average particle size of 45 microns are reacted with a hydrophobic modifier γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane at 100° C. for 2 hours.

[0089] Second functionalization treatment: The first-treated microparticles were reacted with a swelling control modifier, glutaraldehyde, at 80° C. for 2.5 hours.

[0090] Step S2: Preparation of TPE composite materials Ingredients (parts by mass): Thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin: 100 parts; Moisture-responsive component with dual-functionalized surface: 15.0 parts; Plasticizer (naphthenic oil) 80 parts; First antioxidant (phosphite auxiliary antioxidant 168): 0.5 parts; Second antioxidant (hindered phenol antioxidant 1010): 0.5 parts; Ultraviolet light absorber (benzotriazole UV-326): 0.8 parts; Interface modifier (polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether): 5.0 parts. Melt blending and granulation: carried out through a twin-screw extruder with side feeding. The set temperature range of each heating zone of the twin-screw extruder can reach 210°C (for example, 170-210°C section setting), and the screw speed is set to 450rpm.

[0091] Step S3: Injection molding of the sealing ring The barrel temperature setting range can reach 205℃ (for example, 180-205℃ segmented setting), and the mold temperature is set to 50℃.

[0092] Step S4: Preparation of the tube body The tube body is produced by extrusion. The temperature of each zone of the extruder can be set to 190°C. Grouting holes and annular grooves are provided. (If injection molding is used, the barrel temperature can reach 195°C and the mold temperature can reach 55°C) Step S5: Preparation of grouting head Injection molding: The barrel temperature can be set up to 195°C and the mold temperature is set to 55°C.

[0093] Step S6: Assembly of the sealing rubber ring grouting pipe Same as Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in step S2, no interfacial modifier (polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether) is added to the ingredients for preparing the TPE composite material, and the rest are the same.

[0095] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in the ingredients for preparing the TPE composite material in step S2, the "moisture-responsive component" used is ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles that have not undergone any functionalization treatment (with an average particle size of 25 microns, the same raw material used in step S1 of Example 1, but without the first and second functionalization treatments), and the added amount is still 8.0 parts by mass. The rest are the same.

[0096] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in the ingredients for preparing the TPE composite material in step S2, the "moisture-responsive component" used is ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles that have only undergone the first functionalization treatment (i.e., treated with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane at 80°C for 1.5 hours), but have not undergone the second functionalization treatment (i.e., not treated with glutaraldehyde), and the added amount is still 8.0 parts by mass. All other conditions are the same.

[0097] Comparative Example 4: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in the melt blending and granulation process of preparing the TPE composite material in step S2, the moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface is added together with the thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin and other additives from the main feed port of the twin-screw extruder instead of being added through the downstream side feed port. The rest are the same.

[0098] Experiment 1: Experimental steps: Sample preparation: Sealing apron samples (6 mm in thickness, 30 mm in diameter) were prepared according to the formulations and processes of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 4, respectively.

[0099] Environmental Conditioning: All samples were placed in an environment with a temperature of 23±2°C and a humidity of 50±5% for 24 hours to eliminate processing stress.

[0100] Hardness test: Using a Shore A hardness tester, three different locations were randomly selected on the surface of the sample for measurement.

[0101] The interval between each position is at least 8mm, and the value is read after the indenter has been in contact for 15 seconds.

[0102] A total of 9 data points were recorded for each group of 3 samples, and the mean and standard deviation were calculated.

[0103] Data Records: Record the three measured values ​​of each sample and the average value within the group, retaining one decimal place.

[0104] Experimental data (see Table 1): Table 1: Hardness test results of TPE composite materials of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4;

[0105] As can be seen from the experimental data, the sealing leather ring prepared in Example 1 exhibits relatively soft and uniform hardness, indicating that the interfacial modifier introduced into its formula and the optimized feeding method jointly play a key role. The interfacial modifier promotes the uniform dispersion of functional particles by improving the compatibility between the moisture-responsive component and the TPE matrix resin, thereby reducing the risk of local stress concentration. At the same time, the use of downstream side feeding allows the moisture-responsive component to avoid long-term high-temperature shearing during the twin-screw extrusion process, effectively protecting the integrity of its dual-functionalized surface structure. This process design not only reduces the risk of degradation of the functional component, but also further enhances its interfacial bonding with the matrix resin, allowing the composite material to achieve more stable flexibility and elastic response while maintaining overall mechanical strength.

[0106] In Comparative Example 1, however, due to the complete omission of the interfacial modifier, the distribution of the moisture-responsive component within the TPE matrix becomes uneven, leading to the formation of microagglomerates and, in turn, localized increases in rigidity. This poor dispersion can lead to microscopic stress imbalances within the material, ultimately manifesting as a significant increase in hardness. This also indirectly confirms the important role of interfacial regulation in ensuring the stability of mechanical properties.

[0107] Furthermore, Comparative Example 4 changes the feeding method, adding the moisture-responsive component along with the main ingredient through the main feed port. This prolonged residence time under high-temperature, high-shear conditions can easily lead to partial destruction of the surface functionalized structure. While the basic formula structure is maintained, the partial inactivation or thermal degradation of the functional component weakens its substrate-softening effect, resulting in a hardness value slightly higher than that of the examples. This also reveals the sensitivity of the feed position to the final performance control and further emphasizes the synergistic mechanism of processing technology in leveraging the effects of functional components.

[0108] Experiment 2: Experimental steps: Sample preparation: Sealing apron samples (6 mm in thickness and 30 mm in diameter) were prepared according to the formulations and processes of Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, respectively.

[0109] Three samples were prepared for each group, for a total of 9 samples.

[0110] Pre-drying treatment: All samples were dried in a 60°C oven to constant weight (approximately 4 hours), and the initial mass was recorded ( ) and volume ( ).

[0111] Soak test: Immerse the sample completely in deionized water (25±1℃), take it out every 24 hours, and use filter paper to absorb the surface moisture. Measure the mass after immersion ( ) and volume ( ), calculate the expansion rate: Expansion rate ; The test period was 72 hours, and the experiment was repeated three times for each group of samples.

[0112] Data Records: Record the expansion rate of each sample at 24h, 48h, and 72h, retaining one decimal place.

[0113] The experimental data are shown in Table 2: Table 2: Test results of water expansion rate of TPE composite materials of Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 (%);

[0114] The experimental results show that the TPE composite material in Example 1 exhibits moderate expansion capacity under the influence of water, with a stable expansion rate of approximately 45% over 72 hours and minimal fluctuation. This controlled and uniform expansion behavior stems from the dual functionalization of the moisture-responsive component, which not only imparts good surface affinity to the interface but also forms a cross-linked structure. This cross-linked structure not only inhibits the functional component from swelling too quickly in water, but also enhances its distribution stability within the matrix, ensuring predictable moisture response and thus achieving stable performance release of the flexible sealing structure in aqueous environments.

[0115] In Comparative Example 2, because the moisture-responsive component used had not undergone any functionalization treatment, its surface lacked chemical or physical anchoring with the TPE matrix, causing the particles to rapidly absorb water and expand during immersion. While this expansion response was rapid initially, the lack of a limiting mechanism could easily lead to localized particle breakage or structural discontinuities, potentially resulting in instability in the overall performance of the composite material. The significantly higher expansion rate than in Example 1 indicates that the unmodified component is unable to effectively synergize with the matrix, potentially posing risks such as weak seals and structural failure in engineering applications.

[0116] The moisture-responsive component used in Comparative Example 3 was only subjected to one functionalization treatment. Although it had a certain degree of surface activation effect compared to Comparative Example 2, it lacked a further cross-linking stabilization step, and its interface regulation ability and swelling behavior had not yet reached the ideal state. The experiment showed a moderate expansion rate, reflecting that the single functionalization treatment improved the initial compatibility of the component to a certain extent, but its structural retention ability in a water environment was still insufficient. In contrast, the dual functionalization strategy in Example 1 not only improved the interface affinity, but also introduced a structural restriction mechanism, reflecting the synergistic optimization effect of the formulation level and the interface regulation technology, and ensuring the response controllability and safety of the material.

[0117] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A grouting pipe with a sealed leather ring, characterized in that: include: A pipe body, wherein at least one group of grouting holes is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the pipe body, and at least one annular groove is formed at a position on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe body associated with the at least one group of grouting holes, and the number of the grouting holes in a group is multiple; A grouting head, fixed to one end of the pipe body, the grouting head having a connection structure matching the acoustic detection pipe; at least one sealing leather ring, mounted in the at least one annular groove of the tube body; The sealing apron comprises the following components in parts by mass: Thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin: 100 parts; Moisture-responsive component with dual-functionalized surface: 1.0 to 15.0 parts; Plasticizer: 10 to 80 parts; First antioxidant: 0.1 to 0.5 parts; Second antioxidant: 0.1 to 0.5 parts; UV absorber: 0.2 to 0.8 parts; Interfacial modifier: 0.5 to 5.0 parts by mass.

2. A grouting pipe with a sealed leather ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin is a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer.

3. A grouting pipe with a sealed leather ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture-responsive component having a surface modified with dual functionalization is an ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particle of cross-linked polyacrylate, and the average particle size of the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particle is 5 to 45 microns; The dual functionalization modification includes: a first functionalization treatment, which is surface treatment by a hydrophobic modifier; and a second functionalization treatment, which is surface treatment by a swelling regulating modifier.

4. A grouting pipe with a sealed leather ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrophobic modifier is selected from at least one of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stearic acid; the swelling control modifier is selected from at least one of glutaraldehyde and low molecular weight polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether.

5. The grouting pipe with a sealed leather ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interfacial modifier is polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether.

6. A method for preparing a grouting pipe with a sealing leather ring, for preparing a grouting pipe with a sealing leather ring according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Performing first and second functionalization treatments on ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles as a moisture-responsive component to obtain a moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface; The moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface is melt-blended with a thermoplastic elastomer matrix resin, a plasticizer, a first antioxidant, a second antioxidant, an ultraviolet light absorber, and an interfacial modifier according to a specified mass fraction and granulated to prepare a TPE composite material; injection molding the TPE composite material to produce a sealing leather ring; Prepare a pipe body, open a plurality of grouting holes on the outer peripheral wall thereof, and form at least one annular groove at a position associated with the grouting holes; Prepare a grouting head and fix it to one end of the pipe body; The sealing leather ring is installed in the annular groove of the pipe body to obtain a grouting pipe with a sealing leather ring.

7. The method for preparing a grouting pipe with a sealing apron according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first functionalization treatment is to react the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles with at least one hydrophobic modifier selected from γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or stearic acid at 60 to 100°C for 0.5 to 2 hours; the second functionalization treatment is to react the ultrafine polymer water-absorbing resin particles after the first functionalization treatment with at least one swelling control modifier selected from glutaraldehyde or low molecular weight polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether at 40 to 80°C for 0.5 to 2.5 hours.

8. The method for preparing a grouting pipe with a sealing apron according to claim 6, characterized in that: The melt blending is carried out through a twin-screw extruder, wherein the moisture-responsive component with a dual-functionalized surface is added through the downstream side feed port of the twin-screw extruder, the set temperature range of each heating zone of the twin-screw extruder is 130 to 210°C, and the screw speed setting range is 150 to 450rpm.

9. The method for preparing a grouting pipe with a sealing apron according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tube body is prepared by extrusion molding or injection molding, and the grouting head is prepared by injection molding; the barrel temperature setting range of the injection molding is 165 to 195°C, and the mold temperature setting range is 30 to 55°C; the temperature setting range of each zone of the extruder for extrusion molding is 150 to 190°C.

10. The method for preparing a grouting pipe with a sealing apron according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process parameters for the injection molding of the sealing leather ring include: a barrel temperature setting range of 160 to 205°C, and a mold temperature setting range of 20 to 50°C.

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