Coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage anti-impact method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mines, in particular to a coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage anti-impact method which comprises the steps that the target layer position of a blasting hole is determined according to the characteristics of an overlying rock layer on a working face, the working face is formed between a first gate road and a second gate road, and the target layer position of the blasting hole is located between the first gate road and the second gate road; at least one of the first crossheading and the second crossheading is drilled to form a blast hole, the blast hole penetrates through at least part of the target layer, blasting is carried out after explosive and a piezoelectric part are installed in the blast hole, the piezoelectric part is used for deforming under the extrusion effect of the overlying rock stratum to generate electric energy, and the electric energy generated by the piezoelectric part is reused. According to the coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage scour prevention method, the mining safety can be improved, and meanwhile the pressure relief cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mines, and in particular to a method for preventing coal mine roof blasting by decompression, energy storage and impact prevention. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst occurs when deep rock masses experience high stresses, leading to stress imbalances caused by excavation or geological activity, and the instantaneous release of stored elastic strain energy. Rock burst can cause coal and rock to be ejected, generating a strong shock wave that compromises coal mining safety and necessitates roof decompression.

[0003] However, in the related art, when the top plate is depressurized, the depressurization cost is relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is based on the inventor's discovery and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0005] The inventors of the present invention realize that during the process of decompression of the roof, especially when using explosive blasting for decompression, a strong shock wave will be generated during the explosion of the explosives. The relevant technology does not recover the energy of the shock wave generated by the explosion of the explosives, resulting in energy waste.

[0006] In addition, the inventors also realized that when the working face is mined after blasting, the mining process will cause continuous dynamic load disturbance to the coal rock above the working face roof. The relevant technology also does not recover the disturbance energy generated during the mining process, further causing energy waste.

[0007] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0008] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-bumping method, which can improve mining safety while reducing pressure relief costs.

[0009] The coal mine roof blasting, pressure relief, energy storage and anti-impact method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: determining a target layer of a blasting hole according to characteristics of the overlying rock strata on a working face, wherein the working face is formed between a first drift and a second drift; drilling a blasting hole in at least one of the first drift and the second drift, wherein the blasting hole passes through at least a portion of the target layer; installing explosives and a piezoelectric element in the blasting hole and then blasting, wherein the piezoelectric element is used to deform under the squeezing action of the overlying rock strata to generate electrical energy; and reusing the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric element.

[0010] The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-shock method of the embodiment of the present invention installs a piezoelectric component in the blasting hole. On the one hand, the piezoelectric component is used to absorb the shock wave generated during the blasting process. On the other hand, the piezoelectric component is used to absorb the dynamic disturbance energy of the overlying rock strata during the coal seam recovery process. While ensuring the pressure relief effect, the disturbance energy of the overlying rock strata is absorbed. While achieving mining safety, the mechanical energy generated by the overlying rock strata is converted into electrical energy for storage and utilization, thereby improving energy utilization and reducing the pressure relief cost.

[0011] In some embodiments, blasting is performed after installing explosives and piezoelectric elements in the blasting hole, including: installing explosives in the blasting hole; installing multiple first piezoelectric elements between the explosives and the inner wall surface of the blasting hole, wherein the multiple first piezoelectric elements are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the blasting hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, blasting is performed after installing explosives and piezoelectric elements in the blasting hole, further comprising: installing a second piezoelectric element in the sealing section of the blasting hole, wherein a plurality of the second piezoelectric elements are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the blasting hole and are electrically connected to the first piezoelectric element.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element each include a piezoelectric body and a connecting portion, the piezoelectric body is connected to the connecting portion, and the connecting portion of one of the two adjacent piezoelectric elements is used to electrically connect to the piezoelectric body of the other of the two adjacent piezoelectric elements.

[0014] In some embodiments, on a projection plane orthogonal to the thickness direction of the piezoelectric body, the projection of the piezoelectric body is annular or sector-shaped, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular or sector-shaped abuts against the inner wall surface of the blasting hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the spacing distance between two adjacent piezoelectric elements among the first piezoelectric elements and the second piezoelectric elements is 0.5 m-1 m.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first piezoelectric elements are spaced at the shortest distance in the target layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, the coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-shock method further includes: electrically connecting the second piezoelectric element with a wire to conduct the electrical energy on the piezoelectric element.

[0018] In some embodiments, there are multiple blasting holes, and the multiple blasting holes are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the longitudinal groove, and the piezoelectric component is installed in each of the blasting holes.

[0019] In some embodiments, the blasting holes include a first hole and a second hole, and the first hole and the second hole are spaced apart in the width direction of the longitudinal slot; and / or, the spacing distance between two adjacent blasting holes is 5m-10m. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for preventing coal mine roof blasting, decompression, energy storage and impact prevention.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the piezoelectric element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a blast hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a piezoelectric component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] Coal seam 100,

[0026] Overburden 1, target layer 11, sandy mudstone 12, fine-grained sandstone 13, siltstone 14, sandstone 15,

[0027] Chute 2,

[0028] Blasting hole 3, sealing section 31, blasting section 32,

[0029] Dynamite 4,

[0030] Piezoelectric element 5 , first piezoelectric element 51 , second piezoelectric element 52 , piezoelectric body 53 , connecting portion 54 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] The following is combined with Figures 1-4 The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-bumping method according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0033] The coal mine roof blasting, pressure relief, energy storage and anti-bumping method of an embodiment of the present invention includes: determining the target layer 11 of the blasting hole 3 according to the characteristics of the overlying rock stratum 1 on the working face, wherein the working face is formed between the first drift 2 and the second drift 2; drilling a blasting hole 3 in at least one of the first drift 2 and the second drift 2, and the blasting hole 3 passes through at least a portion of the target layer 11; installing explosives 4 and piezoelectric elements 5 in the blasting hole 3 and then blasting, the piezoelectric element 5 is used to deform under the squeezing action of the overlying rock stratum 1 to generate electrical energy; and reusing the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric element.

[0034] The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-shock method of the embodiment of the present invention installs a piezoelectric element 5 in the blasting hole 3. On the one hand, the piezoelectric element 5 is used to absorb the shock wave energy generated during the blasting process. On the other hand, the piezoelectric element 5 is used to absorb the dynamic disturbance energy of the overlying rock stratum 1 during the mining of the coal seam 100. While ensuring the pressure relief effect, the disturbance energy of the overlying rock stratum 1 is absorbed. At the same time, the mechanical energy generated by the overlying rock stratum 1 is converted into electrical energy for storage and utilization while achieving mining safety, thereby improving the utilization rate of energy and reducing the pressure relief cost.

[0035] Specifically, if Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the characteristics of the overburden stratum 1 on the working face can be obtained through the drill hole histogram. The drill hole histogram can clearly display information such as the lithology and thickness of the rock formation, making it easier to determine the characteristics of the overburden stratum 1 on the working face and then determine the target layer 11. It can be understood that the target layer 11 is a thick and hard rock layer in the overburden stratum 1 on the working face, and the final hole position of the blast hole 3 is determined based on the height of the target layer 11.

[0036] Drilling holes to form blasting holes 3 in at least one of the first longitudinal chute 2 and the second longitudinal chute 2 includes: drilling holes in the first longitudinal chute 2 to form blasting holes 3; or drilling holes in the second longitudinal chute 2 to form blasting holes 3; or drilling holes in the first longitudinal chute 2 and the second longitudinal chute 2 to form blasting holes 3 respectively. In this embodiment, blasting holes 3 are drilled in the first longitudinal chute 2 and the second longitudinal chute 2 respectively, and the blasting range of the blasting hole 3 drilled in the first longitudinal chute 2 and the blasting range of the blasting hole 3 drilled in the second longitudinal chute 2 cover above the working face.

[0037] Optionally, when the coal seam 100 is relatively thick, a layered mining method may be adopted, that is, the drift 2 is located in the middle of the coal seam 100 .

[0038] The blasthole 3 passing upward through at least a portion of the target layer 11 includes the blasthole 3 penetrating upward through the target layer 11, or the blasthole 3 ending at the target layer 11. In this embodiment, the blasthole 3 ending at the target layer 11 is located in the target layer 11 and adjacent to a side of the target layer 11 away from the drift 2.

[0039] For example, when the thickness of the target layer 11 is less than or equal to 12 m, the distance between the end hole position of the blasthole 3 and the upper end of the target layer 11 can be set to be less than or equal to 1 / 3 of the thickness of the target layer 11 .

[0040] Optionally, the elevation angle range A of the blasting hole 3 is 65 degrees to 80 degrees. By setting the blasting hole 3 to be inclined upward, it is convenient to drill the blasting hole 3 and reduce the difficulty of construction.

[0041] After installing explosives 4 and piezoelectric element 5 in the blasting hole 3, blasting is carried out. Since the piezoelectric element 5 can be deformed and generate electrical energy under the compression of the overlying rock stratum 1, the piezoelectric element 5 is deformed under the compression of the overlying rock stratum 1 during the blasting process, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy, and then realizing energy recovery and utilization, thereby improving energy utilization rate.

[0042] Optionally, the piezoelectric element 5 can be connected to electrical equipment (such as an energy storage device or a power supply device) in the chute 2 through a wire to transmit the generated electrical energy to the electrical equipment to power lighting, monitoring equipment or other electrical equipment in the chute 2, thereby realizing energy recovery and utilization.

[0043] For example, the piezoelectric element 5 is a piezoelectric ceramic, a mass-spring-generator system, a shape memory alloy, and heat recovery.

[0044] For example, the first chute 2 is a transport chute 2 , and the second chute 2 is a return air chute 2 .

[0045] In some embodiments, blasting is performed after installing explosives 4 and piezoelectric elements 5 in the blasting hole 3, including: installing explosives 4 in the blasting hole 3; installing multiple first piezoelectric elements 51 between the explosives 4 and the inner wall surface of the blasting hole 3, wherein the multiple first piezoelectric elements 51 are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the blasting hole 3.

[0046] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, when installing the explosive 4 and the piezoelectric element 5 in the blasthole 3, the explosive 4 can be installed in the blasthole 3 first, or the first piezoelectric element 51 can be installed in the blasthole 3 first. It is understood that the first piezoelectric element 51 can be installed in the blasthole 3 by a drilling rig, and the first piezoelectric element 51 contacts the inner wall surface of the blasthole 3 so that the first piezoelectric element 51 can better receive the compression from the overlying rock stratum 1.

[0047] The spaced arrangement of the plurality of first piezoelectric elements 51 allows the first piezoelectric elements 51 to be easily deformed under the compression of the overlying rock strata 1 , thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the first piezoelectric elements 51 .

[0048] Optionally, the plurality of first piezoelectric elements 51 are electrically connected to facilitate the extraction of electrical energy converted by the first piezoelectric elements 51 .

[0049] Optionally, the first piezoelectric element 51 abuts against the explosive 4 and the inner wall surface of the blasting hole 3 respectively, ensuring the charge amount of the explosive 4 and further ensuring the pressure relief effect of the top plate.

[0050] In some embodiments, after installing explosives 4 and piezoelectric elements 5 in the blasting hole 3, blasting is performed, which also includes: installing a second piezoelectric element 52 in the sealing section 31 of the blasting hole 3, wherein multiple second piezoelectric elements 52 are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the blasting hole 3 and are electrically connected to the first piezoelectric element 51.

[0051] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the blasting hole 3 includes a blasting section 32 and a sealing section 31, which are arranged in sequence in the up and down directions. The explosive 4 is only installed in the blasting section 32. By installing the second piezoelectric element 52 in the sealing section 31, on the one hand, it is convenient to conduct the electrical energy of the first piezoelectric element 51 in the blasting section 32, and on the other hand, it can be deformed under the compression of the overburden stratum 1 at the sealing section 31 to convert the mechanical energy of the overburden stratum 1 at the sealing section 31 into electrical energy, thereby further improving the energy recovery rate.

[0052] The spaced arrangement of the plurality of second piezoelectric elements 52 allows the second piezoelectric elements 52 to be easily deformed under the compression of the overlying rock strata 1 , thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the second piezoelectric elements 52 .

[0053] Optionally, the plurality of second piezoelectric elements 52 are electrically connected to each other and to the first piezoelectric element 51 , so as to facilitate the extraction of the electrical energy converted by the first piezoelectric element 51 through the second piezoelectric element 52 .

[0054] In this embodiment, the first piezoelectric element 51 and the second piezoelectric element 52 are deformed under the compression of the overlying rock stratum 1 to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, thereby realizing energy recovery. The second piezoelectric element 52 installed in the sealing section 31 is electrically connected to the first piezoelectric element 51 installed in the blasting section 32 to transmit the electrical energy converted by the first piezoelectric element 51 to the second piezoelectric element 52. The second piezoelectric element 52 is connected to an external electrical device or energy storage device to realize energy storage and utilization.

[0055] Optionally, the second piezoelectric element 52 may be connected to an external electrical device or energy storage device via a wire.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first piezoelectric element 51 and the second piezoelectric element 52 both include a piezoelectric body 53 and a connecting portion 54, the piezoelectric body 53 is connected to the connecting portion 54, and the connecting portion 54 of one piezoelectric element 5 of the two adjacent piezoelectric elements 5 is used to electrically connect to the piezoelectric body 53 of the other piezoelectric element 5 of the two adjacent piezoelectric elements 5.

[0057] Specifically, if Figure 4As shown, the piezoelectric body 53 is electrically connected to the connecting portion 54. For ease of description, three piezoelectric elements 5 are used as an example. The first piezoelectric element 5, the second piezoelectric element 5, and the third piezoelectric element 5 are sequentially spaced apart in the extension direction of the blasthole 3. The second piezoelectric element 5 is located between the first and third piezoelectric elements 5, and the first piezoelectric element 5 is closer to the final hole position than the third piezoelectric element 5. The connecting portion 54 of the first piezoelectric element 5 is connected to the piezoelectric body 53 of the second piezoelectric element 5, and the connecting portion 54 of the second piezoelectric element 5 is connected to the piezoelectric body 53 of the third piezoelectric element 5, and so on. The electrical energy converted by the first piezoelectric element 5 is sequentially conducted out of the blasthole 3 through the multiple first piezoelectric elements 51 and the multiple second piezoelectric elements 52.

[0058] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, on a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the piezoelectric body 53, the projection of the piezoelectric body 53 is annular or sector-shaped, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular or sector-shaped piezoelectric body 53 abuts the inner wall surface of the blasthole 3. By configuring the piezoelectric body 53 in an annular or sector-shaped shape, the outer peripheral surface of the piezoelectric body 53 is facilitated to abut the inner wall surface of the blasthole 3, thereby facilitating the deformation of the piezoelectric body 53 under the compression of the overlying rock stratum 1, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric element 5.

[0059] Optionally, the piezoelectric body 53 in this embodiment is annular. The provision of the annular piezoelectric body 53 can increase the contact area between the piezoelectric element 5 and the overlying rock layer 1 , thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric element 5 .

[0060] In some embodiments, the spacing distance between two adjacent piezoelectric elements 5 in the first piezoelectric element 51 and the second piezoelectric element 52 is 0.5 m-1 m.

[0061] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the spacing distance between two adjacent piezoelectric elements 5 in the first piezoelectric element 51 and the second piezoelectric element 52 can be understood as the spacing distance between two adjacent first piezoelectric elements 51, or the spacing distance between two adjacent second piezoelectric elements 52, or the distance between two adjacent first piezoelectric elements 51 and second piezoelectric elements 52. By limiting the distance between two adjacent piezoelectric elements 5, on the one hand, it is prevented that the spacing between two adjacent piezoelectric elements 5 is too large, resulting in some energy not being absorbed and wasted, and on the other hand, it is prevented that the spacing between two adjacent piezoelectric elements 5 is too small, resulting in the overlapping absorption ranges of adjacent piezoelectric elements 5 and reducing the energy absorption rate, thereby ensuring the absorption range and conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric elements 5.

[0062] For example, the interval between two adjacent piezoelectric elements 5 is 0.5 m, 0.7 m, 0.9 m, or 1 m.

[0063] In some embodiments, the spacing distance between the first piezoelectric elements 51 in the target layer 11 is the shortest.

[0064] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, above the coal seam 100 are sandy mudstone 12, fine-grained sandstone 13, siltstone 14 and sandstone 15 in sequence. The sandy mudstone 12 is 3.36 m, the fine-grained sandstone 13 is 8.26 m, the siltstone 14 is 12.87 m and the sandstone 15 is 1.79 m. Since the target layer 11 is the sandstone 15 layer with a thickness greater than 8 m within 30 m above the coal seam 100, and the thickness of the siltstone 14 is 12.87 m, the siltstone 14 is the target rock layer. The blasting hole 3 needs to pass through the sandy mudstone 12 and the fine-grained sandstone 13 in sequence to reach the target layer 11 siltstone 14, and the blasting section 32 covers the target layer 11 siltstone 14 and the fine-grained sandstone 13. The sealing section 31 is located in the coal seam 100 and the sandy mudstone 12. Since the target layer 11 is most obviously impacted by the explosive 4, by arranging the first piezoelectric element 51 more densely in the target layer 11, it is beneficial for the first piezoelectric element 51 to absorb the energy of the overlying rock layer 1 of the target layer 11, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the first piezoelectric element 51 and thus improving the energy recovery efficiency.

[0065] In some embodiments, the coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-shock method further includes: electrically connecting the second piezoelectric element 52 with a wire to conduct the electrical energy from the piezoelectric element 5. The wire is connected to the outermost second piezoelectric element 52 of the plurality of second piezoelectric elements 52. The provision of the wire facilitates conducting the electrical energy converted by the first piezoelectric element 51 and the second piezoelectric element 52 into the blasthole 3 for utilization.

[0066] Optionally, the piezoelectric body 53 of the innermost second piezoelectric element 52 among the plurality of second piezoelectric elements 52 is electrically connected to the connecting portion 54 of the outermost first piezoelectric element 51 among the plurality of first piezoelectric elements 51 .

[0067] In some embodiments, there are multiple blasting holes 3 , which are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the drift 2 , and a piezoelectric element 5 is installed in each blasting hole 3 .

[0068] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, by installing piezoelectric elements 5 in multiple blasting holes 3, the piezoelectric elements 5 can absorb and convert the kinetic energy of the overlying rock strata 1 at different positions, thereby increasing the absorption range of the piezoelectric elements 5 and improving the conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric elements 5.

[0069] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the blasting holes 3 include a first hole and a second hole, which are spaced apart across the width of the drift 2. The first hole extends toward the working face, while the second hole extends toward the coal pillar. The roughly symmetrical arrangement of the first and second holes facilitates simultaneous blasting on the left and right sides of the drift 2, ensuring coverage of the thick, hard roof of the overlying stratum 1 above the coal seam 100 and avoiding pre-cracking blind spots.

[0070] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the distance between two adjacent blasting holes 3 is 5m-10m. By limiting the distance between two adjacent blasting holes 3 in the extension direction of the longitudinal channel 2, the blasting ranges of the two adjacent blasting holes 3 are prevented from overlapping, and the formation of a blank zone between the two adjacent blasting holes 3 is avoided, thereby ensuring the pressure relief effect of the roof.

[0071] For example, the distance between two adjacent blasting holes 3 is 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m, or 10m. In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent blasting holes 3 is 10m, the diameter of the blasting hole 3 is 75mm, the charge is 62.7kg, the charge is 57 rolls, the blasting section 32 is approximately 20m, and the sealing section 31 is 15m, that is, the extended length of the blasting hole 3 is approximately 35m.

[0072] The embodiment of the present invention adopts deep hole blasting of the roof to implement blasting pre-cracking of the thick and hard roof in the area to be mined of the working face, and regionally reduces the original rock stress and structural stress level of the area to be mined of the tunnel in advance from the perspective of the force source structure, thereby achieving safe mining of the working face in the low stress area and preventing and controlling rock burst at the source. During the charging period, piezoelectric elements 5 are continuously arranged in the blasting hole 3 to convert the energy generated by the blasting of the explosives 4 and the controllable coal gun of the coal rock into electrical energy, which is then stored and utilized.

[0073] In this embodiment, deep-hole blasting pre-cracks the working face roof, placing the drift 2 in a low-stress zone and enabling safe mining. Furthermore, during mining, the piezoelectric element 5 converts the disturbance energy of the overburden stratum 1 into electrical energy for storage and utilization. This method of controlling rock burst pressure relief and energy storage in coal mines employs deep-hole blasting of the roof and the conversion of electrical energy by the piezoelectric element 5, effectively reducing stress concentration and converting the mechanical energy generated by the coal and rock mass into electrical energy for storage and utilization, achieving a synergistic combination of pressure relief and energy storage.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0075] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0076] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0077] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0078] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0079] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage anti-impact method, characterized in that: include: Determining target strata for blasting holes based on characteristics of overlying strata on a working face, wherein the working face is formed between a first drift and a second drift; Drilling a blast hole in at least one of the first drift and the second drift, wherein the blast hole passes through at least a portion of the target layer; Blasting is performed after installing explosives and a piezoelectric element in the blasting hole, wherein the piezoelectric element is configured to deform under the squeezing action of the overburden to generate electrical energy; The electric energy generated by the piezoelectric element is reused.

2. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Installing explosives and a piezoelectric element in the blasting hole and then blasting, including: installing explosives in the blast hole; A plurality of first piezoelectric elements are installed between the explosive and the inner wall surface of the blasting hole, wherein the plurality of first piezoelectric elements are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the blasting hole.

3. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to claim 2, characterized in that: After installing explosives and a piezoelectric element in the blasting hole, blasting is performed, which also includes: A second piezoelectric element is installed in the sealing section of the blasting hole, wherein a plurality of the second piezoelectric elements are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the blasting hole and are electrically connected to the first piezoelectric element.

4. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element each include a piezoelectric body and a connecting portion, the piezoelectric body is connected to the connecting portion, and the connecting portion of one of the two adjacent piezoelectric elements is used to electrically connect to the piezoelectric body of the other of the two adjacent piezoelectric elements.

5. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to claim 4, characterized in that: On a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the piezoelectric body, the projection of the piezoelectric body is annular or sectoral, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular or sectoral abuts against the inner wall surface of the blasting hole.

6. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spacing distance between two adjacent piezoelectric elements among the first piezoelectric elements and the second piezoelectric elements is 0.5m-1m.

7. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first piezoelectric elements are spaced apart at the shortest distance in the target layer.

8. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A wire is used to electrically connect the second piezoelectric element to conduct the electrical energy from the piezoelectric element.

9. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: There are a plurality of blasting holes, which are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the longitudinal slot, and the piezoelectric element is installed in each of the blasting holes.

10. The coal mine roof blasting pressure relief energy storage and anti-impact method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The blasting holes include a first hole and a second hole, wherein the first hole and the second hole are spaced apart in the width direction of the longitudinal groove; and / or, The distance between two adjacent blasting holes is 5m-10m.

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