Ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pure oxygen turbines, and discloses an ultralow nitrogen oxide power system. Comprising a power system, the power system is composed of an air compressor, an air separation system, an oxygen liquefaction system, a combustion chamber, a pure oxygen turbine, a nitrogen liquefaction system, an annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, a liquid nitrogen heating gas turbine and a radiator, and the air separation system is connected with the air compressor. The combustion chamber only uses pure oxygen to react with fuel, nitrogen oxide generation conditions are eliminated from the source, high-temperature fuel gas is not mixed with nitrogen after being cooled by liquid nitrogen, NOx zero emission in the whole process is achieved, the high-temperature fuel gas exchanges heat through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, waste heat recovery is achieved, energy is provided for liquid nitrogen gasification, and the comprehensive energy efficiency of the system is improved. The liquid nitrogen heating gas turbine and the oxygen turbine output in parallel, multi-fuel low-nitrogen operation is achieved by adjusting the structure of the combustion chamber, and the future energy transformation requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pure oxygen turbines, in particular to an ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system. Background Art

[0002] The ultra-low NOx power system is a comprehensive technology system integrating combustion control, catalytic reduction and energy management. By suppressing NOx generation and highly efficient denitrification, it enables fossil fuel combustion emissions to meet the most stringent international standards. Existing power systems typically use fossil fuels directly for combustion power. However, the high temperature during the combustion of fossil fuels causes oxygen and nitrogen to react chemically to produce nitrogen oxides. At the same time, the energy efficiency provided by the combustion of a single fossil fuel is limited. The nitrogen oxides produced by the combustion of fossil fuels need to be purified before they can be discharged, which will still pollute the air and increase the cost of post-processing, making it difficult to meet the needs of future energy transformation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical problems solved In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system. The air separation system separates oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen enters the combustion chamber and mixes with the fuel to burn and drive the pure oxygen turbine blades to generate mechanical force. The pure oxygen and fuel burn in the combustion chamber without mixing with nitrogen, so the high-temperature gas will not produce ammonia oxides. The high-temperature gas passes through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber and the gas is cooled to room temperature. The liquid nitrogen is heated in the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber until the liquid nitrogen is heated into nitrogen, which drives the liquid ammonia heating turbine blades to generate mechanical force. During the entire combustion and high-temperature process, oxygen does not mix with ammonia and will not generate nitrogen oxides. The air separation system strictly isolates nitrogen and oxygen, and the combustion chamber only uses pure oxygen and fuel. reaction, eliminating the conditions for the formation of nitrogen oxides from the source. The high-temperature combustion gas does not mix with nitrogen after being cooled by liquid nitrogen, achieving zero NOx emissions throughout the process. The high-temperature combustion gas exchanges heat through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, which not only realizes waste heat recovery, but also provides energy for liquid nitrogen gasification. The overall energy efficiency of the system is improved. The liquid nitrogen heating turbine and the oxygen turbine are output in parallel, and the thrust is enhanced by the second high-pressure nitrogen. The power density is higher than that of the single-cycle system. The dual use of liquefied nitrogen as a refrigerant and a working fluid reduces the energy consumption of the auxiliary system, avoids the investment in post-treatment equipment such as SCR denitrification, reduces the cost of catalyst replacement, and realizes multi-fuel low-nitrogen operation by adjusting the combustion chamber structure to meet the needs of future energy transformation.

[0004] (2) Technical solution To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: comprising a power system, wherein the power system is composed of an air compressor, an air separation system, an oxygen liquefaction system, a combustion chamber, a pure oxygen turbine, a nitrogen liquefaction system, an annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, a liquid nitrogen heating turbine, and a radiator, wherein the air separation system is connected to the air compressor, the oxygen liquefaction system is connected to the air separation system, the pure oxygen turbine is connected to the combustion chamber, and the nitrogen liquefaction system is connected to the air separation system.

[0005] According to the above technical solution: the air compressor compresses air into the air separation system to separate oxygen and ammonia. The oxygen is injected into the combustion chamber and burned with fuel to drive the pure nitrogen turbine. The nitrogen is liquefied in the nitrogen liquefaction system. The liquid nitrogen enters the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber and is heated into high-pressure nitrogen to drive the liquid nitrogen heating turbine. The second liquid nitrogen is heated into high-pressure nitrogen in the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber on the radiator of the nitrogen liquefaction system and enters the rear of the liquid nitrogen heating turbine to enhance the power of the liquid nitrogen turbine. The air separation system separates oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen enters the combustion chamber and mixes with the fuel to burn and drive the pure oxygen turbine blades to generate mechanical force. The pure oxygen and fuel burn in the combustion chamber without mixing with nitrogen, so the high-temperature gas does not produce ammonia oxides. The high-temperature gas passes through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, where the gas cools to room temperature and is heated in the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber until the liquid nitrogen is heated into nitrogen, which drives the liquid ammonia heating turbine blades to generate mechanical force. During the entire combustion and high-temperature process, oxygen does not mix with ammonia and no nitrogen oxides are produced.

[0006] Preferably, the air compressor is used to compress air and separate the compressed air into oxygen and nitrogen, and the oxygen liquefaction system is used to liquefy and separate the oxygen.

[0007] Through the above technical solution: the separated oxygen is liquefied into liquid oxygen through low-temperature cooling, and the liquid oxygen is mixed with fuel and burned to produce high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas.

[0008] Preferably, the pure oxygen turbine is driven by high-temperature gas generated by the combustion of pure oxygen in the combustion chamber, and the nitrogen liquefaction system is used to liquefy and separate nitrogen.

[0009] Through the above technical solution: the nitrogen generated by the air separation system is liquefied into liquid nitrogen, and the liquid nitrogen is heated using the system waste heat or an external heat source to vaporize it into high-pressure nitrogen. The high-pressure nitrogen expands to do work and drives the turbine to output additional mechanical energy.

[0010] Preferably, the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber is used to receive liquid nitrogen and heat it into high-pressure nitrogen, the liquid nitrogen heating turbine is used to be driven by high-pressure nitrogen, and the radiator is integrated with a nitrogen liquefaction system for waste heat recovery.

[0011] Through the above technical solution: ambient air is pressurized by a compressor and enters the air separation system, where it is separated into oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen is liquefied and stored or directly enters the combustion chamber, where it burns with fuel to produce high-temperature combustion gas to drive a pure oxygen turbine. The nitrogen is liquefied and stored, and then vaporized into high-pressure gas in an annular heating chamber to drive a liquid nitrogen turbine to supplement power. The main energy comes from the pure oxygen turbine, and the auxiliary energy comes from the liquid nitrogen turbine. The radiator ensures the efficient operation of the liquefaction system and recovers waste heat for nitrogen heating.

[0012] Preferably, the combustion chamber is isolated and is used to receive liquefied oxygen and fuel for pure oxygen combustion.

[0013] Through the above technical solution: the combustion chamber is designed to be isolated to avoid nitrogen mixing and ensure combustion efficiency.

[0014] Preferably, the pure oxygen turbine and the liquid nitrogen heating turbine jointly output power through mechanical linkage or independent output shafts to form a dual-circulation power structure.

[0015] Through the above technical solution: the high-temperature combustion gas of the pure oxygen turbine expands to drive the turbine, outputting the main power, and the exhaust still contains high-temperature waste heat, which enters the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber for heat recovery.

[0016] Preferably, the radiator of the nitrogen liquefaction system is coupled with the heat exchange pipeline of the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber to achieve cascade utilization of thermal energy.

[0017] Through the above technical solution: the nitrogen liquefaction system liquefies the separated nitrogen for easy storage, the radiator is used to cool the nitrogen liquefaction process and recover the waste heat. The main heating chamber of the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber receives liquid nitrogen, and the auxiliary heating chamber is coupled with the radiator heat exchange pipeline to achieve cascade utilization of thermal energy.

[0018] Preferably, the power output of the liquid nitrogen heating turbine is dynamically controlled by adjusting the injection amount of high-pressure nitrogen into the auxiliary heating chamber.

[0019] Through the above technical solution: the high-temperature exhaust gas in the combustion chamber is used for heating to vaporize the liquid nitrogen into high-pressure nitrogen. The auxiliary heating chamber dynamically controls the liquid nitrogen heating rate by adjusting the injection amount of high-pressure nitrogen to optimize the power output.

[0020] Preferably, the high-temperature exhaust gas of the combustion chamber is heat exchanged through an annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, and the liquid nitrogen absorbs heat and vaporizes into high-pressure nitrogen that drives the liquid nitrogen heating turbine.

[0021] Through the above technical solution: liquid nitrogen heats the gas turbine, high-pressure nitrogen expands to drive the turbine, outputting auxiliary power, and the exhaust can be recycled back to the nitrogen liquefaction system or discharged. Air is compressed and separated to obtain liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen. Pure oxygen combustion drives the main cycle liquid oxygen fuel, combustion chamber, pure oxygen turbine, liquid nitrogen, main heating chamber, high-pressure nitrogen, and liquid nitrogen to heat the gas turbine. The auxiliary heating chamber is supplemented with heating to optimize efficiency. The exhaust of the combustion chamber and the heat dissipation of nitrogen liquefaction are all used to heat the liquid nitrogen, reducing energy loss.

[0022] Preferably, the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber is divided into a main heating chamber and an auxiliary heating chamber, the main heating chamber heats the liquid nitrogen into high-pressure nitrogen, and the auxiliary heating chamber is integrated on the radiator.

[0023] Through the above technical solution: fuel combustion generates high-temperature combustion gas to drive the pure oxygen turbine, nitrogen is liquefied and stored, and then vaporized into high-pressure gas in the annular heating chamber to drive the liquid nitrogen turbine to supplement power.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system with the following beneficial effects: The present invention separates oxygen and nitrogen through an air separation system. Oxygen enters the combustion chamber and mixes with fuel to burn and drive the pure oxygen turbine blades to generate mechanical force. Pure oxygen and fuel burn in the combustion chamber without mixing with nitrogen, so the high-temperature gas will not produce ammonia oxides. The high-temperature gas passes through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, where the gas drops to room temperature and the liquid nitrogen is heated in the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber until the liquid nitrogen is heated into nitrogen, which drives the liquid ammonia heating turbine blades to generate mechanical force. During the entire combustion and high-temperature process, oxygen does not mix with ammonia and will not produce nitrogen oxides. The air separation system strictly isolates nitrogen and oxygen, and the combustion chamber only uses pure oxygen to react with fuel, eliminating nitrogen oxides at the source. The high-temperature combustion gas does not mix with nitrogen after being cooled by liquid nitrogen, thus achieving zero NOx emissions throughout the entire process. The high-temperature combustion gas exchanges heat through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, which not only realizes waste heat recovery but also provides energy for liquid nitrogen gasification. The overall energy efficiency of the system is improved. The liquid nitrogen heating gas turbine and the oxygen turbine are output in parallel, and the thrust is enhanced by the second high-pressure nitrogen. The power density is higher than that of the single-cycle system. The dual use of liquefied nitrogen as a refrigerant and a working fluid reduces the energy consumption of the auxiliary system, avoids the investment in post-processing equipment such as SCR denitrification, reduces the cost of catalyst replacement, and realizes multi-fuel low-nitrogen operation by adjusting the combustion chamber structure to meet the needs of future energy transformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1 An ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system includes a power system, which consists of an air compressor, an air separation system, an oxygen liquefaction system, a combustion chamber, a pure oxygen turbine, a nitrogen liquefaction system, an annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, a liquid nitrogen heating turbine and a radiator. The air separation system is connected to the air compressor, the oxygen liquefaction system is connected to the air separation system, the pure oxygen turbine is connected to the combustion chamber, and the nitrogen liquefaction system is connected to the air separation system.

[0028] Compress the ambient air to a high-pressure state to provide a high-pressure gas source for subsequent air separation and liquefaction, separate the high-pressure air into high-purity oxygen and nitrogen, liquefy the separated oxygen into liquid oxygen through low-temperature cooling, mix the liquid oxygen with the fuel and burn it to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas, use the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated in the combustion chamber to expand and do work, drive the turbine to rotate, output mechanical energy, liquefy the nitrogen generated by the air separation system into liquid nitrogen, use the system's waste heat or external heat source to heat the liquid nitrogen, vaporize it into high-pressure nitrogen, and the high-pressure nitrogen expands and does work, driving the turbine to output additional mechanical energy, the environment After being pressurized by the compressor, the air enters the air separation system and is separated into oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen is liquefied and stored or directly enters the combustion chamber, where it burns with the fuel to produce high-temperature combustion gas to drive the pure oxygen turbine. The nitrogen is liquefied and stored, and then vaporized into high-pressure gas in the annular heating chamber to drive the liquid nitrogen turbine to supplement power. The main energy comes from the pure oxygen turbine, and the auxiliary energy comes from the liquid nitrogen turbine. The radiator ensures the efficient operation of the liquefaction system and recovers waste heat for nitrogen heating. It mainly uses oxygen and nitrogen in the air as working fluids, and realizes energy conversion through processes such as liquefaction, heating expansion and combustion.

[0029] The air compressor is used to compress air and separate the compressed air into oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen liquefaction system is used to liquefy and separate the oxygen. The pure oxygen turbine is used to drive the high-temperature gas generated by the combustion of pure oxygen in the combustion chamber. The nitrogen liquefaction system is used to liquefy and separate the nitrogen. The annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber is used to receive liquid nitrogen and heat it into high-pressure nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen heating turbine is used to drive the high-pressure nitrogen. The radiator is integrated with the nitrogen liquefaction system for waste heat recovery. The combustion chamber is isolated and is used to receive liquefied oxygen and fuel for pure oxygen combustion. The pure oxygen turbine and the liquid nitrogen heating turbine are connected through the machine. Mechanical linkage or independent output shafts jointly output power to form a dual-circulation power structure. The radiator of the nitrogen liquefaction system is coupled with the heat exchange pipeline of the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber to realize the cascade utilization of thermal energy. The power output of the liquid nitrogen heating turbine is dynamically controlled by adjusting the high-pressure nitrogen injection amount of the auxiliary heating chamber. The high-temperature exhaust gas of the combustion chamber is heat exchanged through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber. The liquid nitrogen absorbs heat and vaporizes into high-pressure nitrogen that drives the liquid nitrogen heating turbine. The annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber is divided into a main heating chamber and an auxiliary heating chamber. The main heating chamber heats the liquid nitrogen into high-pressure nitrogen, and the auxiliary heating chamber is integrated on the radiator.

[0030] The air compressor compresses ambient air to a high-pressure state, providing an air source for the separation system. The air separation system separates the high-pressure air into high-purity oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen liquefaction system liquefies the separated oxygen for easy storage or direct use. The combustion chamber receives liquid oxygen and fuel, burns pure oxygen, and produces high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The combustion chamber is designed to be isolated to avoid nitrogen mixing and ensure combustion efficiency. The high-temperature gas of the pure oxygen turbine expands and drives the turbine to output the main power. The exhaust still contains high-temperature waste heat and enters the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber for heat recovery. The nitrogen liquefaction system liquefies the separated nitrogen for easy storage and heat dissipation. The device is used to cool the nitrogen liquefaction process and recover the waste heat. The main heating chamber of the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber receives liquid nitrogen and uses the high-temperature exhaust gas of the combustion chamber to heat it and vaporize the liquid nitrogen into high-pressure nitrogen. The auxiliary heating chamber dynamically controls the liquid nitrogen heating rate by adjusting the high-pressure nitrogen injection amount and optimizes the power output. The auxiliary heating chamber is coupled with the radiator heat exchange pipeline to realize the cascade utilization of thermal energy. The liquid nitrogen heats the turbine and the high-pressure nitrogen expands to drive the turbine and output auxiliary power. The exhaust gas can be recycled back to the nitrogen liquefaction system or discharged. The air is compressed and separated to obtain liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen. Pure oxygen combustion drives the main circulation liquid oxygen fuel, combustion chamber, Pure oxygen turbine, liquid nitrogen, main heating chamber, high-pressure nitrogen, liquid nitrogen heating turbine, auxiliary heating chamber for supplementary heating, optimize efficiency, combustion chamber exhaust, nitrogen liquefaction heat dissipation are used to heat liquid nitrogen, reducing energy loss, pure oxygen turbine plus liquid nitrogen heating turbine work together, adopting oxygen and nitrogen dual-cycle power structure, through air separation, gas liquefaction, pure oxygen combustion and nitrogen thermodynamic cycle to achieve efficient energy conversion. The core of the system includes power cycle and thermodynamic cycle, the two of which output power through heat exchange and mechanical linkage.

[0031] When in use, the air compressor compresses air to the air separation system to separate oxygen and ammonia. The oxygen is sprayed into the combustion chamber and burned with fuel to drive the pure nitrogen turbine. The nitrogen is liquefied in the nitrogen liquefaction system. The liquid nitrogen enters the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber and is heated into high-pressure nitrogen to drive the liquid nitrogen heating turbine. The second liquid nitrogen is heated into high-pressure nitrogen in the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber on the radiator of the nitrogen liquefaction system and enters the rear of the liquid nitrogen heating turbine to enhance the power of the liquid nitrogen turbine. The air separation system separates oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen enters the combustion chamber and mixes with the fuel to burn and drive the pure oxygen turbine blades to generate mechanical force. The pure oxygen and The fuel burns in the combustion chamber without mixing with nitrogen, so the high-temperature gas will not produce ammonia oxides. The high-temperature gas will drop to room temperature when it passes through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber. The liquid nitrogen is heated in the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber until it is heated into nitrogen, which drives the liquid ammonia heating turbine blades to generate mechanical force. During the entire combustion and high-temperature process, oxygen does not mix with ammonia and will not produce nitrogen oxides. A dual-cycle power structure of oxygen and nitrogen is adopted, and efficient energy conversion is achieved through air separation, gas liquefaction, pure oxygen combustion and nitrogen thermodynamic cycle. The core of the system includes power cycle and thermodynamic cycle, and the two synergistically output power through heat exchange and mechanical linkage.

[0032] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system, comprising a power system, characterized in that: The power system consists of an air compressor, an air separation system, an oxygen liquefaction system, a combustion chamber, a pure oxygen turbine, a nitrogen liquefaction system, an annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, a liquid nitrogen heating turbine and a radiator. The air separation system is connected to the air compressor, the oxygen liquefaction system is connected to the air separation system, the pure oxygen turbine is connected to the combustion chamber, and the nitrogen liquefaction system is connected to the air separation system.

2. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compressor is used to compress air and separate the compressed air into oxygen and nitrogen, and the oxygen liquefaction system is used to liquefy and separate the oxygen.

3. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pure oxygen turbine is used to be driven by high-temperature gas generated by the combustion of pure oxygen in the combustion chamber, and the nitrogen liquefaction system is used to liquefy and separate nitrogen.

4. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber is used to receive liquid nitrogen and heat it into high-pressure nitrogen gas. The liquid nitrogen heating gas turbine is used to be driven by the high-pressure nitrogen gas. The radiator is integrated with a nitrogen liquefaction system for waste heat recovery.

5. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber is isolated and is used to receive liquefied oxygen and fuel for pure oxygen combustion.

6. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pure oxygen turbine and the liquid nitrogen heating turbine jointly output power through mechanical linkage or independent output shafts, forming a dual-circulation power structure.

7. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiator of the nitrogen liquefaction system is coupled with the heat exchange pipeline of the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber to achieve cascade utilization of thermal energy.

8. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output of the liquid nitrogen heating turbine is dynamically controlled by adjusting the injection amount of high-pressure nitrogen into the auxiliary heating chamber.

9. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature exhaust gas of the combustion chamber is heat exchanged through the annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber, and the liquid nitrogen absorbs heat and vaporizes into high-pressure nitrogen that drives the liquid nitrogen heating turbine.

10. The ultra-low nitrogen oxide power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular liquid nitrogen heating chamber is divided into a main heating chamber and an auxiliary heating chamber. The main heating chamber heats the liquid nitrogen into high-pressure nitrogen, and the auxiliary heating chamber is integrated on the radiator.

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