Vertical coal powder boiler with fly ash recirculation function

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical pulverized coal boiler with fly ash recirculation function, and belongs to the technical field of vertical pulverized coal boilers. The vertical pulverized coal boiler comprises a tank body and a tank cover, the tank body is connected with a feeding assembly, and one side of the tank body is provided with a separation assembly. The upper end of the separation assembly is connected with the tank cover and communicates with the tank body, and the lower end of the separation assembly is connected with the feeding assembly. The separation assembly comprises a first annular pipe, one end of the first annular pipe is provided with a connecting pipe, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected with the top surface of the tank cover, and a plurality of equidistant connecting ports are formed in the inner side of the first annular pipe. The feeding assembly comprises a first feeding pipe arranged on one side of the tank body, an upper hopper is arranged above the first feeding pipe, and a pressure relief port is formed in one side of the upper hopper. The application improves the separation efficiency of ash powder and unburned particulate matters, improves the recirculation efficiency of fly ash, and solves the problems of low separation efficiency of ash powder and unburned particulate matters in the prior art and the problem that unburned particulate matters cannot be effectively utilized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of vertical coal powder boiler, and particularly relates to a vertical coal powder boiler with fly ash recirculation function. BACKGROUND

[0002] The distribution of energy resources in China presents a significant "rich coal, poor oil, and little gas" feature, which fundamentally determines that the structure pattern of taking coal as the main energy source will be difficult to change fundamentally in a long period of time in the future. Coal, as a basic energy source, occupies an irreplaceable core position in China's energy system, especially in the field of coal-fired power generation and coal-fired industrial boilers, and its consumption is enormous. In the field of coal-fired power generation, coal is the main fuel source of thermal power plants. Throughout the country, numerous large thermal power enterprises rely on the energy released by coal combustion to drive steam turbines, which are then converted into electrical energy to meet the growing social demand for electricity.

[0003] Most existing boilers directly discharge or collect the combustion gas; the collected gas contains ash powder and incompletely combusted particulate matter, but the ash powder and incompletely combusted particulate matter are not separated, which not only causes more unburned substances to remain in the fly ash, reducing the fly ash recycling efficiency, but also may cause these particulate matters to deposit or block the pipeline inside the boiler, affecting the combustion efficiency and normal operation of the boiler, increasing the maintenance cost and downtime. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a vertical coal powder boiler with fly ash recirculation function.

[0005] The vertical coal powder boiler with fly ash recirculation function comprises a tank body and a tank cover, the tank body is connected with a feeding assembly, and the tank body is provided with a separation assembly on one side; the upper end of the separation assembly is connected with the tank cover and communicates with the tank body, and the lower end of the separation assembly is connected with the feeding assembly.

[0006] The separation assembly comprises a first annular pipe, a connecting pipe is arranged at one end of the first annular pipe, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the top surface of the tank cover, and a plurality of equidistant connecting ports are arranged on the inner side of the first annular pipe; a plurality of separators for separating the unburned particles and ash powder are arranged on the inner side of the first annular pipe; the separators are arranged around the central circumference of the first annular pipe; a circular pipe is arranged at the center of the inner side of the first annular pipe; the side wall of the circular pipe is connected to the unburned particle discharge port of the plurality of separators, the bottom surface of the circular pipe is connected to a discharging pipe, the lower end of the discharging pipe is connected to the feeding assembly, the unburned particles separated by the separators enter the circular pipe, and then enter the tank body through the discharging pipe and the feeding assembly; a second annular pipe is arranged below the circular pipe, and the second annular pipe is connected to the ash powder discharge port of the plurality of separators.

[0007] The feeding assembly comprises a first feeding pipe arranged on one side of the tank body, one end of the first feeding pipe is connected to the tank body, and the other end of the first feeding pipe is provided with a feeding blower; an upper feeding hopper is arranged above the first feeding pipe, a discharging pipe is transversely connected to the bottom discharging port of the upper feeding hopper, one end of the discharging pipe is connected to the upper end of the first feeding pipe; a pressure relief port is arranged on one side of the upper feeding hopper, a filter plate is arranged in the pressure relief port, and a pressure relief assembly is arranged on the outer side of the pressure relief port; the pressure relief assembly comprises an adjusting pipe arranged on one side of the upper feeding hopper, a baffle ring is arranged at one end of the adjusting pipe, a baffle ball is arranged on one side of the baffle ring, a spring is arranged on one side of the baffle ball, the other end of the spring is abutted against an adjusting screw, the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the other end of the adjusting pipe, a hand wheel is arranged on the other end of the adjusting screw, and an air outlet is arranged on the upper end of the adjusting pipe for pressure relief.

[0008] Further, a support frame is arranged on one side of the tank body, and the separation assembly is arranged on the support frame.

[0009] Further, two connecting ports are vertically arranged on the lower end of the side of the tank body, the upper connecting port is connected to the first feeding pipe, and the lower connecting port is connected to a furnace grate blower.

[0010] Further, the separator comprises an outlet pipe, a conical pipe, a vortex cover and an ash hopper; the lower end of the outlet pipe is connected to the conical pipe, the lower end of the conical pipe is connected to the ash hopper, the lower end of the vortex cover is arranged in the ash hopper, and the upper end of the vortex cover is arranged at the connection position of the conical pipe and the ash hopper.

[0011] Further, one end of the outlet pipe is provided with an inlet port, the inlet port is connected to the connecting port of the first annular pipe, the other end of the outlet pipe is provided with an air outlet port, the air outlet port is the unburned particle discharge port, and the air outlet port is connected to the circular pipe; the ash hopper is provided with an ash powder discharge port at the lower end, and the ash powder discharge port at the lower end of the ash hopper is connected to the top surface of the second annular pipe.

[0012] Further, the second annular pipe is provided with an ash outlet on one side.

[0013] Further, the screw blade is rotatably connected in the discharge pipe, and one end of the screw blade is connected with a motor through a shaft coupling, and the motor is installed at the other end of the discharge pipe.

[0014] Further, the second feeding pipe is installed at the front end of the feeding hopper.

[0015] The present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] The furnace grate blower and the feeding blower are matched to provide combustion gas into the tank body, and the hot air flow rate in the tank body is accelerated, so that the separation efficiency of the ash powder and the unburned particles is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a whole three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a whole three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a tank body and feeding assembly connection schematic diagram of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a feeding assembly three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a feeding assembly internal structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a feeding assembly and separation assembly three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a separation assembly three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a separator internal structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0025] Figure 9 It is a Figure 5 It is a A part structure enlarged schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] The figure sequence number: 1, tank body; 2, tank cover; 3, furnace door; 4, support frame; 5, grate blower; 6, first feeding pipe; 7, feeding blower; 8, feeding hopper; 9, discharge pipe; 10, motor; 11, spiral blade; 12, second feeding pipe; 13, adjusting pipe; 14, filter plate; 15, retaining ring; 16, retaining ball; 17, spring; 18, adjusting screw; 19, first annular pipe; 20, connecting pipe; 21, outlet pipe; 22, feeding port; 23, gas outlet; 24, conical pipe; 25, vortex cover; 26, ash hopper; 27, second annular pipe; 28, circular pipe; 29, discharge pipe; 30, ash outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application. The technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, but the protection scope is not limited thereto.

[0028] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 The embodiment provides a vertical pulverized coal boiler with fly ash recirculation function, which comprises a tank body 1, a tank cover 2 and a furnace door 3 for facilitating opening of the tank body 1, two connecting ports are vertically arranged at the lower end of the side of the tank body 1, the upper connecting port is used for connecting a feeding assembly, and the lower connecting port is connected with a grate blower 5.

[0029] A support frame 4 is arranged on one side of the tank body 1, and a separation assembly for facilitating fly ash circulation is mounted on the support frame 4; the grate blower 5 can make the burning particulate matter enter the separation assembly through the pipeline, thereby facilitating subsequent fly ash circulation; the separation assembly separates the unburned particulate matter and ash powder, and then the unburned particulate matter is discharged into the tank body 1 again for burning.

[0030] The feeding assembly comprises a first feeding pipe 6 arranged on one side of the tank body 1, one end of the first feeding pipe 6 is connected with the upper connecting port of the tank body 1, and the other end of the first feeding pipe 6 is provided with a feeding blower 7. An upper feeding hopper 8 is arranged above the first feeding pipe 6, a discharge pipe 9 is transversely connected to the bottom end of the upper feeding hopper 8, one end of the discharge pipe 9 is connected with the upper end of the first feeding pipe 6; a spiral blade 11 is rotatably connected inside the discharge pipe 9, one end of the spiral blade 11 is connected with a motor 10 through a shaft coupling, and the motor 10 is mounted at the other end of the discharge pipe 9; the upper feeding hopper 8 facilitates feeding; the discharge pipe 9 facilitates discharging the material to be burned into the first feeding pipe 6; the first feeding pipe 6 can discharge the material to be burned into the tank body 1; the feeding blower 7 facilitates blowing the material into the tank body 1; the spiral blade 11 facilitates the movement and guidance of the material; and the motor 10 facilitates controlling the rotation of the spiral blade 11.

[0031] The second feeding pipe 12 is installed at the front end of the upper hopper 8, and a pressure relief port is formed on one side of the upper hopper 8, and a filter plate 14 is installed in the pressure relief port, and a pressure relief assembly is installed outside the pressure relief port; the second feeding pipe 12 facilitates the feeding of new materials into the upper hopper 8; the pressure relief assembly facilitates the discharge of unburned particles into the upper hopper 8 while discharging excess gas.

[0032] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 9 The pressure relief assembly includes an adjusting pipe 13 arranged on one side of the upper hopper 8, a stop ring 15 is installed at one end of the adjusting pipe 13, a stop ball 16 is arranged on one side of the stop ring 15, a spring 17 is installed on one side of the stop ball 16, the other end of the spring 17 abuts against an adjusting screw 18, the adjusting screw 18 is threadedly connected to the other end of the adjusting pipe 13, a hand wheel is installed at the other end of the adjusting screw 18, and an air outlet is formed at the upper end of the adjusting pipe 13 for pressure relief; the adjusting pipe 13 facilitates the discharge of gas; the stop ring 15 and the stop ball 16 facilitate the sealing of the adjusting pipe 13; and the adjusting screw 18 adjusts the gas pressure in the upper hopper 8.

[0033] The separation assembly includes a first annular pipe 19 installed on the top surface of the support frame 4, a connecting pipe 20 is installed at one end of the first annular pipe 19, the other end of the connecting pipe 20 is connected to the top surface of the cover 2, and a plurality of equidistant connecting ports are formed on the inner side of the first annular pipe 19; a plurality of separators for separating unburned particles and ash powder are arranged on the inner side of the first annular pipe 19; the separators are arranged around the circumference of the center of the first annular pipe 19; a circular pipe 28 is installed at the center of the inner side of the first annular pipe 19; the side wall of the circular pipe 28 is connected to the unburned particle discharge outlets of the plurality of separators, the bottom surface of the circular pipe 28 is connected to a lower feeding pipe 29, the lower end of the lower feeding pipe 29 is connected to the top of the upper hopper 8, the unburned particles separated by the separators enter the circular pipe 28, and then enter the tank body 1 through the lower feeding pipe 29 and the upper hopper 8. A second annular pipe 27 is arranged below the circular pipe 28, and an ash outlet 30 is formed on one side of the second annular pipe 27; the second annular pipe 27 is connected to the ash powder discharge outlets of the plurality of separators, and the second annular pipe 27 facilitates the discharge of ash powder.

[0034] As shown in Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the separator includes an outlet pipe 21, a conical pipe 24, a vortex cover 25 and a hopper 26; the lower end of the outlet pipe 21 is connected with the conical pipe 24, the lower end of the conical pipe 24 is connected with the hopper 26, the vortex cover 25 is composed of a T-shaped frame and a conical block, the T-shaped frame is fixedly connected inside the hopper 26, the conical block is installed on the upper end of the T-shaped frame, and the upper end of the conical block is located inside the conical pipe 24, and the vortex cover 25 is used to prevent the backflow of particles; the lower end of the vortex cover 25 is located inside the hopper 26, and the upper end of the vortex cover 25 is located at the connection between the conical pipe 24 and the hopper 26; the outlet pipe 21 is provided with a feeding port 22 at one end, the feeding port 22 is connected with the connecting port of the first annular pipe 19, and the other end of the outlet pipe 21 is provided with a gas outlet 23, which is the exhaust port of the particles that are not fully combusted, and the gas outlet 23 is connected with a circular pipe 28; the hopper 26 is provided with a powder exhaust port at the lower end, and the powder exhaust port at the lower end of the hopper 26 is connected with the top surface of the second annular pipe 27.

[0035] The gas generated after combustion in the tank 1 is divided by the first annular pipe 19; the outlet pipe 21 is convenient for the introduction and export of the gas; the conical pipe 24 is convenient for the spiral flow of the gas; the vortex cover 25 is convenient for the introduction of the powder into the hopper 26; the hopper 26 is convenient for the introduction of the powder into the second annular pipe 27; the feeding port 22 is convenient for the introduction of the gas generated after combustion in the tank 1 into the conical pipe 24; and the gas outlet 23 is convenient for the export of the particles that are not fully combusted.

[0036] In the embodiment, a use method of a vertical pulverized coal boiler with fly ash recirculation function includes the following steps:

[0037] Step one, first connect all electrical equipment with wires and power on, then open the cover plate at the top surface of the second feeding pipe 12, pour the material to be combusted into the second feeding pipe 12, introduce the material to be combusted into the feeding hopper 8 through the second feeding pipe 12, then start the motor 10 to control the rotation of the spiral blade 11, so as to discharge the material in the feeding hopper 8 into the first feeding pipe 6, and then start the feeding air blower 7 to discharge the material into the tank 1.

[0038] Step two, when the material enters the tank 1, start the combustion device inside the tank 1 to work, start to burn the material, then start the grate air blower 5 to make the material in the tank 1 burn more fiercely, and make the hot air after combustion faster discharged into the first annular pipe 19 through the connecting pipe 20; when the hot air after combustion is discharged into the first annular pipe 19 through the connecting pipe 20, the powder and the particles that are not fully combusted will enter the first annular pipe 19 with the hot air.

[0039] Step three, when the ash powder and the unburnt particles enter the first annular tube 19, the hot air mixed with the ash powder and the unburnt particles is discharged into the plurality of separators through the first annular tube 19, the ash powder and the unburnt particles enter from the feeding port 22, the ash powder and the unburnt particles flow spirally around the inner wall through the conical tube 24, the ash powder enters the ash hopper 26 through the vortex cover 25 due to the larger particle size and density of the ash powder relative to the unburnt particles, and the unburnt particles enter the circular tube 28 through the air outlet 23.

[0040] Step four, the ash powder enters the ash hopper 26, enters the second annular tube 27 through the ash hopper 26, and is discharged from the ash outlet 30 of the second annular tube 27; the unburnt particles enter the circular tube 28, enter the upper hopper 8 through the lower tube 29; before the unburnt particles enter the upper hopper 8, the hand wheel is rotated to control the rotation of the adjusting screw 18, the adjusting screw 18 is connected with the adjusting tube 13 in a threaded manner, so that the adjusting screw 18 moves in the adjusting tube 13, and when the stop ball 16 abuts against the stop ring 15, the pressure of the spring 17 is adjusted by rotating the hand wheel, so that the pressure in the upper hopper 8 is adjusted; when the pressure in the upper hopper 8 is too large, the air pressure pushes away the stop ball 16, and the spring 17 is again extruded, at this time, there is a gap between the stop ball 16 and the stop ring 15, and the purpose of pressure relief is achieved.

[0041] The above is a further detailed description of the present application in combination with a specific preferred embodiment, and the specific embodiment of the present application should not be limited to this. For ordinary skilled persons in the technical field to which the present application belongs, a number of simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the present application, and all of them should be regarded as falling within the scope of the patent protection determined by the claims submitted.

Claims

1. A vertical pulverized coal boiler having a fly ash recirculation function, comprising a tank body (1) and a tank cover (2), characterized in that, The tank body (1) is connected with a feeding assembly, and one side of the tank body (1) is provided with a separation assembly; the upper end of the separation assembly is connected with the tank cover (2) and communicates with the tank body (1), and the lower end of the separation assembly is connected with the feeding assembly; The separation assembly comprises a first annular pipe (19), one end of the first annular pipe (19) is provided with a connecting pipe (20), the other end of the connecting pipe (20) is connected with the top surface of the tank cover (2), and a plurality of equidistant connecting openings are formed in the inner side of the first annular pipe (19); a plurality of separators for separating the incompletely combusted particles and ash powder are arranged on the inner side of the first annular pipe (19); the separators are arranged around the central circumference of the first annular pipe (19); a circular pipe (28) is arranged at the center of the inner side of the first annular pipe (19); the side wall of the circular pipe (28) is connected with the exhaust port of the incompletely combusted particles of the separators, the bottom surface of the circular pipe (28) is connected with a discharging pipe (29), the lower end of the discharging pipe (29) is connected with the feeding assembly, the incompletely combusted particles separated by the separators enter the circular pipe (28), and then enter the tank body (1) through the discharging pipe (29) and the feeding assembly; a second annular pipe (27) is arranged below the circular pipe (28), and the second annular pipe (27) is connected with the ash powder exhaust port of the separators; The feeding assembly comprises a first feeding pipe (6) arranged on one side of the tank body (1), one end of the first feeding pipe (6) is connected with an upper connecting opening, and the other end of the first feeding pipe (6) is provided with a feeding blower (7); an upper feeding hopper (8) is arranged above the first feeding pipe (6), a discharging pipe (9) is transversely connected with the bottom discharging port of the upper feeding hopper (8), one end of the discharging pipe (9) is connected with the upper end of the first feeding pipe (6); a pressure relief opening is formed in one side of the upper feeding hopper (8), a filter plate (14) is arranged in the pressure relief opening, and a pressure relief assembly is arranged outside the pressure relief opening; the pressure relief assembly comprises an adjusting pipe (13) arranged on one side of the upper feeding hopper (8), a baffle ring (15) is arranged at one end in the adjusting pipe (13), a baffle ball (16) is arranged on one side of the baffle ring (15), a spring (17) is arranged on one side of the baffle ball (16), the other end of the spring (17) abuts against an adjusting screw (18), the adjusting screw (18) is threadedly connected with the other end of the adjusting pipe (13), a hand wheel is arranged at the other end of the adjusting screw (18), and an air outlet is formed in the upper end of the adjusting pipe (13) for pressure relief; The separator comprises an outlet pipe (21), a conical pipe (24), a vortex cover (25) and an ash hopper (26); the lower end of the outlet pipe (21) is connected with the conical pipe (24), the lower end of the conical pipe (24) is connected with the ash hopper (26), the lower end of the vortex cover (25) is arranged in the ash hopper (26), and the upper end of the vortex cover (25) is arranged at the connecting position of the conical pipe (24) and the ash hopper (26); The outlet pipe (21) is provided with a feeding port (22) at one end, the feeding port (22) is connected with the connecting port of the first annular pipe (19), and the other end of the outlet pipe (21) is provided with a gas outlet (23), the gas outlet (23) is the exhaust port of the particles that are not fully combusted, and the gas outlet (23) is connected with the circular pipe (28); the hopper (26) is provided with a dust exhaust port at the lower end, and the dust exhaust port at the lower end of the hopper (26) is connected with the top surface of the second annular pipe (27); The second annular pipe (27) is provided with a dust outlet (30) on one side.

2. A vertical pulverized coal boiler having a fly ash recirculation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tank body (1) is provided with a support frame (4) on one side, and the separation assembly is installed on the support frame (4).

3. A vertical pulverized coal boiler having a fly ash recirculation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two connecting ports are vertically arranged on the lower end of the side surface of the tank body (1), one upper connecting port is connected with the first feeding pipe (6), and the lower connecting port is connected with the grate blower (5).

4. The vertical pulverized coal boiler having a fly ash recirculation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet pipe (9) is rotatably connected with a spiral blade (11), one end of the spiral blade (11) is connected with a motor (10) through a shaft coupling, and the motor (10) is installed at the other end of the outlet pipe (9).

5. The vertical pulverized coal boiler having a fly ash recirculation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper feeding hopper (8) is provided with a second feeding pipe (12) at the front end.

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