Vertical calibration device for measuring impact energy of electric hammer and electric pick and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of impact energy calibration, and discloses a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and an electric pick and application, the vertical calibration device comprises a stand column, and the top of the stand column is provided with a three-way movement adjusting structure; the drop hammer is detachably connected with the Z-direction movement adjusting structure, and in the impact state, the drop hammer is separated from the Z-direction movement adjusting structure, so that free falling motion is achieved; the impact rod is vertically arranged at a corresponding position below the drop hammer; the drop hammer freely falls to impact the impact rod; the range finder is used for measuring the distance between the drop hammer and the impact rod; and the photoelectric sensor is used for detecting the upward rebounding distance after the drop hammer impacts the impact rod, so that the impact energy is conveniently corrected. By arranging the photoelectric sensor, the laser sensing structure matched with the photoelectric sensor and the range finder, the problems of difficult workpiece calibration, unstable repeatability and the like are solved through combined action, and a final stable impact energy value can be obtained by eliminating error data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of impact energy calibration, and relates to a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and an electric pick and its application. Background Art

[0002] The impact energy of a rotary hammer refers to the energy transferred to the workpiece during a single impact, typically measured in joules (J). It is a key indicator of hammer performance, reflecting the hammer's ability and efficiency during impact operations. The greater the impact energy, the greater the hammer's ability to penetrate and destruct hard materials (such as concrete and stone).

[0003] Impact energy is the energy possessed by an object at the moment of collision. It reflects the object's ability to perform work during the impact. The magnitude of impact energy depends on the object's mass, velocity, and the energy conversion and loss during the collision. The calculation formula for impact energy is usually:

[0004]

[0005] Where: E is the impact energy in joules (J); m is the mass of the object in kilograms (kg); v is the impact velocity of the object in meters per second (m / s).

[0006] The impact energy of a free fall can also be calculated using the gravitational potential energy: E = mgh; where g is the acceleration due to gravity, usually 9.8 m / s 2 ; h is the height of the falling object, in meters (m).

[0007] According to the principle of conservation of energy, when an object falls from a height, its gravitational potential energy will be converted into kinetic energy. The calculation of the electric hammer's impact energy can be converted into the calculation of gravitational potential energy, that is:

[0008]

[0009] In the prior art, it is difficult to calibrate the impact energy of a workpiece and it is impossible to accurately measure it. The measured values ​​have large errors and the data are unstable. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and an electric pick.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, as a first aspect, the present invention provides a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and an electric pick, comprising:

[0012] Column; vertically arranged, with X, Y, Z direction movable adjustment structure provided on its top;

[0013] The drop weight is detachably connected to the Z-direction movable adjustment structure. Under the impact state, the drop weight is separated from the Z-direction movable adjustment structure to achieve free fall motion;

[0014] The impact rod is vertically arranged at a position corresponding to the lower part of the falling hammer; the falling hammer freely falls and impacts the impact rod;

[0015] Distance meter, used to measure the distance between the falling weight and the impact rod;

[0016] The photoelectric sensor is used to detect the distance the falling hammer rebounds upward after impact with the impact rod, so as to facilitate the correction of the impact energy.

[0017] According to the present invention, further, it also includes a guide tube for guiding the falling path of the drop hammer, which is located below the drop hammer. One end of the guide tube is connected to the Z-direction movement adjustment structure and extends downward, and the impact rod is located in the guide tube.

[0018] According to the present invention, further, the drop hammer is adsorbed and connected to the Z-direction movement adjustment structure, and includes a magnetic suction sleeve connected to the Z-direction movement adjustment structure, and the magnetic suction sleeve is used to adsorb the drop hammer.

[0019] According to the present invention, further, it also includes a laser emitter and a laser receiver electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor, located on both sides of the guide tube, for determining the falling position of the drop hammer in real time and transmitting the optical signal to the photoelectric sensor.

[0020] According to the present invention, further, the peripheral wall of the guide tube is provided with a first strip hole and a second strip hole. The first strip hole 81 is a short strip hole, and there are multiple of them, which are distributed along the length direction of the guide tube and are used to remove resistance gas when the drop hammer falls; the second strip hole is a long hole, and there is one, which is provided along the length direction of the guide tube, and its position corresponds to the position of the laser emitter, and is used for signal transmission between the laser emitter and the laser receiver.

[0021] According to the present invention, further, a strain gauge is attached to the surface of the impact rod for collecting the deformation amount generated by the drop hammer impact.

[0022] As a second aspect, the present invention also provides an application of a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and an electric pick, including the above-mentioned vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of a falling hammer, wherein the falling hammer is adsorbed by a magnetic sleeve, and this point is recorded as point A. After the magnetism fails, the falling hammer freely falls on the upper end surface of the impact rod, and this point is recorded as point B. The rangefinder measures the distance between points AB; after the falling hammer impacts the impact rod, it rebounds upward, and the highest point of the rebound is recorded as point C. The photoelectric sensor measures the distance between points BC.

[0023] After the falling hammer falls from point A and reaches point B, according to the formula E=mgh b , calculate the impact energy E ab ; Among them, h bIt is the distance between the bottom end surface of the drop hammer and the top surface of the impact rod in the adsorption state;

[0024] The falling hammer will rebound a short distance from point B to point C, and the height h of the BC section will be measured by the photoelectric sensor. bc , calculate the rebound energy E bc =mgh bc ;

[0025] Final corrected impact energy,

[0026] E=E ab -E bc ;

[0027] The impact rod needs to undergo multiple energy drop tests and be adjusted and calibrated accordingly after each test to obtain accurate energy values.

[0028] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention solves the problems of difficult workpiece calibration and unstable repeatability by setting a photoelectric sensor, a laser sensing structure and a rangefinder in conjunction with it. By eliminating error data, the final stable impact energy value can be obtained.

[0029] The guide tube of the present invention is provided with first strip holes and second strip holes of different shapes and distributions, thereby further improving the laser sensing efficiency and being used to eliminate resistance gas, reduce calibration error, and improve calibration accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and a pickaxe according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side cross-sectional schematic diagram of

[0032] Figure 3a This is a schematic structural diagram of the guide tube of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0033] Figure 3b This is a schematic structural diagram of the guide tube of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the positions of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the position distribution of the drop hammer, rangefinder, impact rod and concrete of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6a Schematic diagram of the impact between the drop hammer and the impact rod of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6b It is a schematic diagram of the falling weight rebound of the present invention.

[0038] Among them, 1-column, 2-X-axis beam, 3-Y-axis beam, 4-Z-axis moving module, 5-concrete, 6-impact rod, 7-mounting positioning frame, 8-guide tube, 81-first strip hole, 82-second strip hole, 9-drop hammer, 10-drop hammer mounting frame, 11-magnetic sleeve, 12-laser transmitter, 13-photoelectric sensor, 14-rangefinder, 15-laser receiver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and those skilled in the art may conceive of other obvious variations.

[0040] The present application discloses a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and a pick, wherein an electric hammer is used as an example for illustration. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which are schematic diagrams of a vertical calibration device for drop hammer impact energy from different perspectives; it includes a vertical column 1, with an X-axis crossbeam 2 fixedly mounted on top of the column 1, a Y-axis crossbeam 3 adjustably connected to the X-axis crossbeam 2, the Y-axis crossbeam 3 slidingly adjusting its Y-axis position along the length of the X-axis crossbeam 2, a Z-axis movable module 4 adjustably connected to the Y-axis crossbeam 3, a drop hammer mounting structure fixedly mounted on the Z-axis movable module 4, a drop hammer 9 adsorbed and fixed to the drop hammer mounting structure, concrete 5 placed below the Z-axis movable module 4 on the ground, a vertical impact rod 6 fixedly mounted on the top surface of the concrete 5 via a mounting bracket 7; a strain gauge is attached to the surface of the impact rod 6 for collecting the deformation generated by the drop hammer impact. The drop hammer 9 loses its adsorption to the drop hammer mounting structure and falls to the upper end of the impact rod 6 in free fall.

[0041] To measure the height of the drop weight 9 from the impact rod 6, a rangefinder 14 is provided for real-time measurement of the drop height of the drop weight, thereby measuring the gravitational potential energy of the drop weight. Accordingly, a photoelectric sensor 13 is also provided for detecting the upward rebound distance of the drop weight 9 after impact with the impact rod 6, thereby facilitating correction of the impact energy. Preferably, the rangefinder 14 is fixedly connected to the drop weight mounting structure, thereby fixing the position of the rangefinder 14 to prevent positional changes during the distance measurement process.

[0042] In order to limit the free fall path of the drop hammer 9, the drop hammer installation structure includes a drop hammer installation frame 10 provided along the length direction of the Z-axis moving module 4, a guide tube 8 is located below the drop hammer installation frame 10 and is connected to the Z-axis moving module 4, there is a gap between the guide tube 8 and the drop hammer installation frame 10, the impact rod 6 extends vertically upward in the cavity of the guide tube 8, and the drop hammer 9 enters the cavity of the guide tube 8 during the falling process to impact the impact rod 6. The guide tube 8 guides the path of the drop hammer 9, limits the path deviation range of the drop hammer 9 during the free fall movement, and accurately impacts the impact rod 6, avoiding a large path deviation range during the free fall process and missing the impact rod 6, thereby improving the impact hit rate and the calibration efficiency. The diameter of the guide tube 8 matches the outer diameter of the drop hammer 9, so that the drop hammer 9 can smoothly enter the guide tube 8.

[0043] Specifically, the drop weight mounting frame 10 is fixedly provided with a magnetic sleeve 11 for attracting the drop weight 9 and a rangefinder 14. Preferably, the magnetic sleeve 11 is an electromagnetic sleeve; when powered, the magnetic sleeve 11 attracts the drop weight 9. When calibration is required, the magnetic sleeve 11 is powered off, the attraction function is disabled, and the drop weight 9 loses its attraction and begins free fall, entering the guide tube 8 and impacting the impact rod 6.

[0044] See also Figure 4 , further comprising a laser emitter 12 and a laser receiver 15 electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor 13, located on both sides of the guide tube 8, for determining the falling position of the drop hammer 9 in real time and transmitting the optical signal to the photoelectric sensor 13. Figure 3a and Figure 3b The guide tube 8 is composed of a stainless steel pipe welded flange. The peripheral wall of the guide tube 8 is provided with a first strip hole 81 and a second strip hole 82. The first strip hole 81 is a short strip hole, and there are multiple of them. They are distributed along the length direction of the guide tube 8 and are used to remove resistance gas when the drop hammer falls. The second strip hole 82 is a long hole, and there is one, which is also arranged along the length direction of the guide tube 8. The position corresponds to the position of the laser emitter 12 and is used for signal transmission between the laser emitter 12 and the laser receiver 15.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the X-axis beam 2 is equipped with a guide rail slider and a screw motor to provide the Y-axis beam 3 with X-axis movement; the end face of one side of the Y-axis beam 3 is equipped with a guide rail slider and a screw motor to provide the Z-axis moving module 4 with Y-axis movement; the Z-axis moving module 4 is equipped with a guide rail slider and a screw motor to provide the drop hammer 9 and guide tube 8 connected thereto with Z-axis movement.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the impact rod 6 has a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 600 mm, and the corresponding drop hammer 9 has a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 50 mm. The drop hammer 9 is adsorbed by the magnetic sleeve 11, and this point is recorded as point A. After the magnetism fails, the drop hammer 9 falls freely on the upper end surface of the impact rod 6, and this point is recorded as point B. The rangefinder 14 measures the distance between points AB; in the case of a large impact force, the drop hammer 9 will rebound upward, and the highest point of the rebound is recorded as point C. The photoelectric sensor 13 measures the distance between points BC.

[0047] The specific calibration process is as follows: Figure 5 、 Figure 6a and Figure 6b After the hammer falls from point A, it reaches point B and the energy conversion is completed. According to the formula E = mgh b , the impact energy E can be calculated ab , where h b The distance between the bottom end face of the drop hammer 9 and the top face of the impact rod 6 in the adsorption state can be used to calibrate the test rod;

[0048] The falling hammer will rebound a short distance from point B to point C. If the rebound energy is ignored, the impact energy will be more erroneous, so the rebound energy needs to be subtracted.

[0049] The height h of the BC segment is measured by the photoelectric sensor 13 bc , calculate the rebound energy E bc =mgh bc .

[0050] This allows the calculation of the final corrected impact energy,

[0051] E=E ab -E bc .

[0052] The impact rod needs to undergo four energy drop tests and be adjusted and calibrated accordingly after each test to obtain accurate energy values.

[0053] If the impact rod is below 25% of its maximum energy, perform the drop test three times and correct the energy value after the test.

[0054] The drop test is carried out three times at 50% of the maximum energy of the impact rod, and the energy value is corrected after the test.

[0055] The drop test is carried out three times at 75% of the maximum energy of the impact rod, and the energy value is corrected after the test.

[0056] The drop test is carried out three times at 100% of the maximum energy of the impact rod, and the energy value is corrected after the test.

[0057] The electric impact tool mentioned in the present invention may also be an electric pick.

[0058] The operating principle of the present invention is as follows: a three-way adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the drop weight 9 to align it with the impact rod 6. As the drop weight 9 falls, a rangefinder 14 measures the drop height of the drop weight 9 in real time to calculate its gravitational potential energy. A photoelectric sensor 13 measures the rebound height, which in turn determines the rebound energy. The data measured by the photoelectric sensor 13 and the rangefinder 14 are subtracted to reduce calibration errors. The guide tube 8, which guides the drop weight 9, has first and second strip holes of different lengths, which reduce the resistance of the drop weight 9 while facilitating the laser sensor mechanism to detect its position. These components work together to improve calibration efficiency and minimize errors.

[0059] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or improvements based on the above. Without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, these changes or improvements should fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and pick, characterized in that: include, Column; vertically arranged, with X, Y, Z direction movable adjustment structure provided on its top; The drop weight is detachably connected to the Z-direction movable adjustment structure. Under the impact state, the drop weight is separated from the Z-direction movable adjustment structure to achieve free fall motion; The impact rod is vertically arranged at a position corresponding to the lower part of the falling hammer; the falling hammer freely falls and impacts the impact rod; Distance meter, used to measure the distance between the falling weight and the impact rod; The photoelectric sensor is used to detect the distance the falling hammer rebounds upward after impact with the impact rod, so as to facilitate the correction of the impact energy.

2. A vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and pick as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guide tube for guiding the falling path of the drop hammer, which is located below the drop hammer. One end of the guide tube is connected to the Z-direction movement adjustment structure and extends downward, and the impact rod is located in the guide tube.

3. A vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and pick as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The drop hammer is adsorbed and connected to the Z-direction movement adjustment structure, and comprises a magnetic suction sleeve connected to the Z-direction movement adjustment structure, and the magnetic suction sleeve is used for adsorbing the drop hammer.

4. A vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and pick as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a laser transmitter and a laser receiver electrically connected to the photoelectric sensor, which are located on both sides of the guide tube and are used to determine the falling position of the drop hammer in real time and transmit the optical signal to the photoelectric sensor.

5. A vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and pick as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The peripheral wall of the guide tube is provided with a first strip hole and a second strip hole. The first strip hole 81 is a short strip hole, and there are multiple of them distributed along the length direction of the guide tube, which is used to remove the resistance gas when the drop hammer falls; the second strip hole is a long hole, and there is one, which is set along the length direction of the guide tube. The position corresponds to the position of the laser emitter, and is used for signal transmission between the laser emitter and the laser receiver.

6. A vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and pick as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the impact rod is affixed with a strain gauge for collecting the deformation caused by the impact of the drop hammer.

7. An application of a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and pick, characterized in that: It includes a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and an electric pick as described in any one of claims 1 to 6. The falling hammer is adsorbed by the magnetic sleeve, and this point is recorded as point A. After the magnetism fails, the falling hammer freely falls and impacts the upper end surface of the impact rod, and this point is recorded as point B. The rangefinder measures the distance between points AB; the falling hammer rebounds upward after impacting the impact rod, and the highest point of the rebound is recorded as point C. The photoelectric sensor measures the distance between points BC.

8. Application of a vertical calibration device for measuring the impact energy of an electric hammer and pick as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: After the falling hammer falls from point A and reaches point B, according to the formula E=mgh b , calculate the impact energy E ab ; Among them, h b It is the distance between the bottom end surface of the drop hammer and the top surface of the impact rod in the adsorption state; The falling hammer will rebound a short distance from point B to point C, and the height h of the BC section will be measured by the photoelectric sensor. bc , calculate the rebound energy E bc =mgh bc ; Final corrected impact energy, E=E ab -AND bc ; The impact rod needs to undergo multiple energy drop tests and be adjusted and calibrated accordingly after each test to obtain accurate energy values.

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