Universal test bench for planetary reducer

By designing a universal test bench for planetary reducers and adopting a multi-parameter automatic testing solution, the problems of low reliability and high testing costs of domestic reducers have been solved, and efficient testing of reducers of various specifications has been achieved.

CN120628599APending Publication Date: 2025-09-12CSSC NANJING LUZHOU MACHINE
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202511002130.3
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-07-21
Publication Date
2025-09-12

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In the existing technology, the planetary reducers developed by domestic reducer manufacturers have low reliability and high testing and verification costs, making it difficult to meet the needs of multiple specifications and sizes and a wide rated torque range.

Method used

A universal test bench for planetary reducers is designed. It adopts a base, motor bracket, linkage assembly, torque sensor, temperature and vibration detection assembly, etc. It realizes multi-parameter automatic testing through variable frequency drive motor and is suitable for reducers of different specifications and sizes.

Benefits of technology

It realizes the test of any loading torque within 160kNm, automatically records and monitors the test data, adapts to the test requirements of reducers of different specifications, and reduces the test cost.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a universal test bed for a planetary reducer, which comprises a base, two groups of motor brackets are arranged at the upper end of the base, a driving motor and an accompanying test motor are respectively mounted at the upper ends of the two motor brackets, and the output ends of the driving motor and the accompanying test motor are respectively connected with a linkage assembly. One end of the linkage assembly is connected with a torque sensor, one end of each torque sensor is connected with a tested speed reducer and an accompanying speed reducer through a second coupler, and one end of the tested speed reducer and one end of the accompanying speed reducer are in threaded connection with fixing flanges. The device is simple in structure and high in universality, parameters such as the output rotating speed, the torque, the working condition operation time and the automatic recording time of the speed reducer are randomly set within a limited range, the whole test process is automatically completed according to a set test program, and real-time monitoring and recording and various safety monitoring alarms are carried out on test data and graphs.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a universal test bench for planetary reducers. Background Art

[0002] Planetary reducers are widely used in ship deck machinery, engineering construction machinery, wind power generation machinery and other industries. As an important supporting component of the equipment, the impact of the cost and market competitiveness of the reducer is becoming increasingly significant. Foreign planetary reducer brands include Zhuo Lun, Brevini, Bonfiglioli, Dynamik, etc. Among them, Zhuo Lun is the most widely used. Its technical features are compact structure, small size, large output torque, stable operation, low noise and long service life, but the price is relatively high and the delivery cycle is long.

[0003] In view of this, some domestic reducer manufacturers have also carried out independent research and development. Their prices are relatively low, but their reliability is not high. Therefore, the newly developed first reducer needs to be tested to verify its reliability. Given that reducers have many specifications and sizes and a wide range of rated torques, in order to reduce testing costs, we provide a universal test bench for planetary reducers to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a universal test bench for planetary reducers.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is to design a universal test bench for planetary reducers, comprising a base, wherein two groups of motor brackets are provided at the upper end of the base, and a drive motor and a test motor are respectively installed on the upper ends of the two motor brackets, and the output ends of the drive motor and the test motor are respectively connected to a linkage assembly, one end of the linkage assembly is respectively connected to a torque sensor, and one end of the two torque sensors is respectively connected to the tested reducer and the test reducer through a second coupling, and one end of the tested reducer and the test reducer are both screwed with a fixing flange, and two groups of fixing brackets are provided at the upper end of the base, and the two groups of fixing flanges are respectively installed on the outside of the two groups of fixing brackets, and a third coupling is commonly connected between the tested reducer and the test reducer, and a temperature detection assembly and a vibration detection assembly are respectively installed on the upper end of the fixed bracket, and the upper ends of the two groups of temperature detection assemblies and vibration detection assemblies are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of the tested reducer and the test reducer.

[0006] According to a further preferred technical solution, the linkage assembly includes a first coupling connected to the output end of the torque sensor, and a protective cover is installed on the upper end of the motor bracket, and the protective cover is located on the outside of the first coupling.

[0007] A further preferred technical solution is that a mounting bracket is installed at the upper end of the two motor brackets, a Hall speed sensor is installed in the middle of the mounting bracket, the two Hall speed sensors correspond to the output end positions of the driving motor and the test motor respectively, and the Hall speed sensor is located in the inner cavity of the protective cover.

[0008] A further preferred technical solution is that the temperature detection assembly includes a temperature sensor instrument installed at the upper end of the fixed frame, the temperature sensor instrument is connected to a probe through a wire, a support rod is installed on the outside of the probe, the outside of the fixed frame is symmetrically connected to side plates, the outside of the side plates are provided with long grooves, the outsides of the side plates are integrally connected with side blocks corresponding to the positions of the long grooves, the two sides of the support rod pass through two long grooves respectively and are connected to fixed blocks, the middle part of the side block is rotatably connected to an adjusting bolt, and the adjusting bolts are threadedly connected to the fixed blocks.

[0009] A further preferred technical solution is that the vibration detection component includes a U-shaped plate installed on the upper end of the fixed frame, the upper end of the fixed frame is threaded with an adjusting screw, the upper end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to a fixed seat, the upper end of the fixed seat is provided with a vibration sensor, and the upper end of the vibration sensor passes through the U-shaped plate and extends above it.

[0010] According to a further preferred technical solution, the two groups of the Hall speed sensor, temperature sensor instrument, vibration sensor and torque sensor are all connected to the test control system end through wires for electrical signal connection.

[0011] According to a further preferred technical solution, a mounting seat is installed on the upper end of each motor bracket, the two torque sensors are respectively installed on the upper ends of the two mounting seats, and a sensor adjustment gasket is provided between the mounting seat and the torque sensor.

[0012] A further preferred technical solution is that four groups of T-slots are provided at the upper end of the base, and the lower end of the fixed frame is connected to a first T-shaped slide rail that is slidably connected to two of the groups of T-slots, and two groups of first fixing bolts are inserted in the middle of the first T-shaped slide rail, and the first fixing bolts pass through the fixed frame and are screwed with first fixing nuts.

[0013] A further preferred technical solution is that the lower ends of the motor brackets are connected to second T-shaped slide rails that are slidably connected to two groups of T-slots, and the middle parts of the second T-shaped slide rails are connected with two groups of second fixing bolts, and the second fixing bolts pass through the motor brackets and are screwed with second fixing nuts, and motor adjustment gaskets are provided between the upper ends of the two groups of motor brackets and the lower ends of the drive motor and the test motor respectively.

[0014] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By designing a universal test bench for the reducer with many specifications and sizes and a wide range of rated torques, it can meet the requirements of any loading of the output shaft within a torque range of 160kNm. It is driven by a variable frequency drive motor. By returning the detected speed, torque, vibration and temperature data to the software system on the computer side (test control system side), the test bench can implement program loading, arbitrarily set the output speed, torque, working condition operation time, automatic recording time and other parameters of the reducer within a limited range, and automatically complete the entire test process according to the set test program, and perform real-time monitoring and recording of test data and graphics, as well as various safety monitoring alarms.

[0015] 2. By rotating the adjusting bolt, the fixing block screwed on the outside of the adjusting bolt moves up and down, thereby driving the support rod and the probe to move up and down, thereby driving the probe to move to a position below the end of one side of the test reducer and the accompanying test reducer, and monitoring the input end temperature data of the test reducer and the output end temperature of the accompanying test reducer. By rotating the adjusting screw, the upper end of the fixing frame is moved up and down by the adjusting screw, and the top of the adjusting screw drives the fixing seat connected to it to move up and down, and the fixing seat synchronously drives the vibration sensor to move up and down through the U-shaped plate to a position below the end of one side of the test reducer and the accompanying test reducer, and monitor the input end vibration data of the test reducer and the output end vibration of the accompanying test reducer, so as to adapt to the test use of test reducers and accompanying test reducers of different specifications and sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the split three-dimensional structure of the fixing frame proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the split three-dimensional structure of the motor bracket proposed in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled three-dimensional structure of the linkage assembly proposed in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the temperature detection component proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partially cutaway three-dimensional structure of the vibration detection component proposed in the present invention; Figure 7 This is a logical diagram of the planetary reducer test data monitoring and control system proposed in the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Base; 2. Motor bracket; 3. Drive motor; 4. Test motor; 5. Linkage assembly; 51. First coupling; 52. Mounting bracket; 53. Hall effect sensor; 54. Protective cover; 6. Torque sensor; 7. Second coupling; 8. Test reducer; 9. Fixing flange; 10. Fixing bracket; 11. Third coupling; 12. Temperature detection assembly; 121. Temperature sensor instrument; 122. Probe; 123. Support rod; 124. Fixing block; 125. Adjusting bolt; 13. Vibration detection assembly; 131. U-shaped plate; 132. Adjusting screw; 133. Fixing base; 134. Vibration sensor; 14. Mounting base; 15. T-slot; 16. Test reducer; 17. Side plate; 18. Side block; 19. Long slot; 20. First T-slide rail; 21. First fixing bolt; 22. First fixing nut; 23. Motor adjustment gasket; 24. Second fixing bolt; 25. Second fixing nut; 26. Second T-slide rail; 27. Sensor adjustment gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following embodiments are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 As shown, a universal test bench for planetary reducers includes a base 1, two groups of motor brackets 2 are provided at the upper end of the base 1, and the upper ends of the two motor brackets 2 are respectively installed with a drive motor 3 and a test motor 4, and the upper end of the base 1 is provided with four groups of T-slots 15. The lower ends of the motor brackets 2 are connected with second T-shaped slide rails 26 that are slidably connected to two groups of T-slots 15, and the middle parts of the second T-shaped slide rails 26 are respectively inserted with two groups of second fixing bolts 24, and the second fixing bolts 24 pass through the motor brackets 2 and are screwed with second fixing nuts 25. Motor adjustment gaskets 23 are respectively provided between the upper ends of the two groups of motor brackets 2 and the lower ends of the drive motor 3 and the test motor 4.

[0020] The second T-shaped slide rail 26 at the lower end of the motor bracket 2 is inserted into the inner cavity of the two groups of T-shaped slots 15, which facilitates stable and flexible limited sliding at the upper end of the base 1. The position of the motor bracket 2 is adjusted according to the size requirements of the tested reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 of different specifications. After confirming the installation position of the motor bracket 2, the second fixing nut 25 is screwed onto the outer side of the second fixing bolt 24 to fix the motor bracket 2 in a screw-connected position, which is convenient for quick screw-connection installation. By arranging the motor adjustment gasket 23 at the lower ends of the drive motor 3 and the accompanying test motor 4, the height of the drive motor 3 and the accompanying test motor 4 can be effectively adjusted according to different size specifications.

[0021] Reference Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, the output ends of the driving motor 3 and the accompanying test motor 4 are respectively connected to the linkage components 5, one end of the linkage components 5 is respectively connected to the torque sensor 6, the linkage component 5 includes a first coupling 51 connected to the output end of the torque sensor 6, and the upper end of the motor bracket 2 is installed with a protective cover 54, which is located on the outside of the first coupling 51. The output ends of the driving motor 3 and the accompanying test motor 4 are respectively connected to the output end of the torque sensor 6 through the first coupling 51, which is convenient for power transmission and is shielded and protected by the designed protective cover 54.

[0022] A mounting bracket 52 is installed at the upper end of the two motor brackets 2, and a Hall speed sensor 53 is installed in the middle of the mounting bracket 52. The two Hall speed sensors 53 correspond to the output end positions of the drive motor 3 and the test motor 4 respectively. The Hall speed sensor 53 is located in the inner cavity of the protective cover 54. The designed Hall speed sensor 53 performs rotation detection at the output end position of the drive motor 3 and the test motor 4, which is convenient for stable speed data monitoring.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As shown, one end of the two torque sensors 6 is connected to the tested reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 through the second coupling 7, and the upper end of the motor bracket 2 is installed with a mounting base 14. The two torque sensors 6 are respectively installed on the upper ends of the two mounting bases 14, and a sensor adjustment gasket 27 is provided between the mounting base 14 and the torque sensor 6. The torque sensor 6 is stably supported and installed through the mounting base 14, and the height is adjusted by the sensor adjustment gasket 27 according to the actual installation height, which facilitates stable test work.

[0024] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, one end of the tested reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 are both screwed with a fixing flange 9, and two groups of fixing brackets 10 are provided at the upper end of the base 1. The lower ends of the fixing brackets 10 are connected with first T-shaped slide rails 20 that are slidably connected to two groups of T-shaped slots 15. Two groups of first fixing bolts 21 are inserted into the middle of the first T-shaped slide rails 20. The first fixing bolts 21 pass through the fixing bracket 10 and are screwed with first fixing nuts 22. The first T-shaped slide rails 20 at the lower end of the fixing bracket 10 are inserted into the inner cavity of the two groups of T-shaped slots 15, which facilitates stable limited sliding at the upper end of the base 1. The position of the fixing bracket 10 is adjusted according to the size requirements of the tested reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 of different specifications. After confirming the installation position of the fixing bracket 10, the first fixing nut 22 is screwed on the outer side of the first fixing bolt 21 to fix the fixing bracket 10 and screw it in place, which is convenient for quick screw installation.

[0025] Two groups of fixing flanges 9 are respectively installed on the outside of the two groups of fixing frames 10. A third coupling 11 is commonly connected between the tested reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16. A temperature detection component 12 and a vibration detection component 13 are installed on the upper end of the fixing frame 10. The upper ends of the two groups of temperature detection components 12 and vibration detection components 13 are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of the tested reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16. The vibration data of the input end of the tested reducer 8 and the temperature data of the input end of the tested reducer 8 are monitored by one group of vibration detection components 13 and temperature detection components 12. The vibration data of the output end of the tested reducer 16 and the temperature data of the output end of the tested reducer 16 are monitored by another group of vibration detection components 13 and temperature detection components 12, so as to provide accurate data for this test.

[0026] Reference Figure 5 As shown, the temperature detection component 12 includes a temperature sensor instrument 121 installed at the upper end of the fixed frame 10, the temperature sensor instrument 121 is connected to the probe 122 through a wire, and a support rod 123 is installed on the outside of the probe 122. The outside of the fixed frame 10 is symmetrically connected to the side plates 17, and the outside of the side plates 17 are provided with long grooves 19. The outside of the side plates 17 are integrally connected with side blocks 18 corresponding to the positions of the long grooves 19. The two sides of the support rod 123 pass through the two long grooves 19 respectively and are connected to the fixed blocks 124. The middle part of the side block 18 is rotatably connected with an adjusting bolt 125, and the adjusting bolts 125 are screwed to the fixed blocks 124.

[0027] According to the sizes of the test reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 of different specifications and sizes, by rotating the adjusting bolt 125, the fixing block 124 screwed on the outside of the adjusting bolt 125 is moved up and down, thereby driving the support rod 123 and the probe 122 to move up and down, thereby driving the probe 122 to move to a position below the end of one side of the test reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16, and monitoring the input end temperature data of the test reducer 8 and the output end temperature of the accompanying test reducer 16.

[0028] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the vibration detection assembly 13 includes a U-shaped plate 131 installed on the upper end of the fixing frame 10, the upper end of the fixing frame 10 is screwed with an adjusting screw 132, the upper end of the adjusting screw 132 is rotatably connected to a fixing base 133, and the upper end of the fixing base 133 is provided with a vibration sensor 134, and the upper end of the vibration sensor 134 passes through the U-shaped plate 131 and extends above it.

[0029] According to the sizes of the test reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 of different specifications and sizes, the adjusting screw 132 is rotated to adjust the screw 132 to move the upper end of the fixing frame 10 up and down, and the top of the adjusting screw 132 drives the fixing seat 133 rotatably connected thereto to move up and down, and the fixing seat 133 synchronously drives the vibration sensor 134 to move up and down through the U-shaped plate 131 to a position below one end of the test reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16. The dynamic vibration sensor 134 is limited and stabilized by the U-shaped plate 131 to monitor the input end vibration data of the test reducer 8 and the output end vibration of the accompanying test reducer 16.

[0030] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the two sets of Hall speed sensors 53, the temperature sensor instrument 121, the vibration sensor 134 and the torque sensor 6 are all connected to the test control system end through wires for electrical signal connection.

[0031] Through this test bench, the output shaft can be loaded arbitrarily within the loading torque of 160kNm, and is driven by a variable frequency drive motor 3. The data detected by two sets of Hall speed sensors 53, temperature sensor instrument 121, vibration sensor 134 and torque sensor 6 are connected through data wires through a computer interface, so that the data is fed back to the software system (i.e., the test control system end). Therefore, this test bench can implement program loading, and arbitrarily set the output speed, torque, working condition operation time, automatic recording time and other parameters of the test reducer 8 within a limited range, and automatically complete the entire test process according to the set test program, and perform real-time monitoring and recording of test data and graphics, as well as various safety monitoring alarms, that is, the speeds of the drive motor 3 and the accompanying test motor 4 are respectively monitored by two sets of Hall speed sensors 53, and the data are fed back to the test control system end, which can directly Then read and set its speed data, monitor the input end torque of the drive motor 3 and the output end torque of the test motor 4 respectively through two torque sensors 6, and feed the data back to the test control system end, which can directly read and set its torque data, monitor the input end vibration of the test reducer 8 and the output end vibration of the test reducer 16 respectively through two vibration sensors 134, and feed the data back to the test control system end, which can directly read and set its torque data, detect the input end temperature of the test reducer 8 and the output end temperature of the test reducer 16 respectively through two probes 122, and feed the temperature data back to two sets of temperature sensor instruments 121 respectively, and the temperature sensor instrument 121 feeds the temperature data back to the test control system end, which can directly read and monitor its torque data.

[0032] Working principle: When the present invention is in use, according to the size of the test reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 to be tested, the first T-shaped slide rail 20 at the lower end of the fixed frame 10 is inserted into the inner cavity of the two sets of T-shaped slots 15, so as to facilitate stable limited sliding at the upper end of the base 1, and the test reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 are respectively screwed and fixed to the fixing flange 9 installed on the outside of the fixed frame 10, and then the test reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 are connected by transmission through the third coupling 11, and then when the fixation is confirmed, the test reducer 8 and the accompanying test reducer 16 are connected. After the mounting position of the frame 10 is determined, the first fixing nut 22 is screwed onto the outer side of the first fixing bolt 21 to fix the fixing frame 10 in a screw connection position, which is convenient for quick screw connection installation. After the test reducer 8 and one end of the accompanying test reducer 16 are connected to the torque sensor 6 through the second coupling 7, and then the second T-shaped slide rail 26 at the lower end of the motor bracket 2 is inserted into the inner cavity of the two sets of T-shaped slots 15, which is convenient for stable and flexible limited sliding at the upper end of the base 1. The two torque sensors 6 are respectively connected through the linkage assembly 5. It is connected to the drive motor 3 and the test motor 4. After confirming the installation position of the motor bracket 2, the second fixing nut 25 is screwed onto the outer side of the second fixing bolt 24 to fix the motor bracket 2 in a screw connection position for quick screw connection installation. Then, the switches of the drive motor 3, the Hall speed sensor 53, the temperature sensor instrument 121, the vibration sensor 134, and the torque sensor 6 are started, and then driven by the variable frequency drive motor 3. The data detected by the two sets of Hall speed sensors 53, the temperature sensor instrument 121, the vibration sensor 134 and the torque sensor 6 are connected through the computer interface by data wires, so that the data is fed back to the software system (i.e., the test control system end). Therefore, this test bench can implement program loading, arbitrarily set the output speed, torque, working condition operation time, automatic recording time and other parameters of the test reducer 8 within a limited range, automatically complete the entire test process according to the set test procedure, and perform real-time monitoring and recording of the test data and graphics and various safety monitoring alarms.

[0033] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal test bench for planetary reducers, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: Two groups of motor brackets (2) are provided at the upper end of the base (1), and a driving motor (3) and a test motor (4) are respectively installed at the upper ends of the two motor brackets (2). The output ends of the driving motor (3) and the test motor (4) are respectively connected to a linkage assembly (5), one end of each linkage assembly (5) is respectively connected to a torque sensor (6), and one end of each of the two torque sensors (6) is respectively connected to a test reducer (8) and a test reducer (16) via a second coupling (7). One end of each of the test reducer (8) and the test reducer (16) is screwed. A fixing flange (9) is connected, and two sets of fixing frames (10) are provided at the upper end of the base (1), and the two sets of fixing flanges (9) are respectively installed on the outside of the two sets of fixing frames (10), and a third coupling (11) is commonly connected between the test reducer (8) and the accompanying test reducer (16), and a temperature detection component (12) and a vibration detection component (13) are installed at the upper end of the fixing frame (10), and the upper ends of the two sets of temperature detection components (12) and vibration detection components (13) are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of the test reducer (8) and the accompanying test reducer (16).

2. A universal test bench for planetary reducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage assembly (5) includes a first coupling (51) connected to the output end of the torque sensor (6), and a protective cover (54) is installed on the upper end of the motor bracket (2), and the protective cover (54) is located outside the first coupling (51).

3. A universal test bench for planetary reducers according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting frame (52) is installed at the upper ends of the two motor brackets (2), and a Hall speed sensor (53) is installed in the middle of the mounting frame (52). The two Hall speed sensors (53) correspond to the output end positions of the drive motor (3) and the accompanying test motor (4), respectively. The Hall speed sensor (53) is located in the inner cavity of the protective cover (54).

4. A universal test bench for planetary reducers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature detection assembly (12) includes a temperature sensor instrument (121) installed on the upper end of the fixing frame (10), the temperature sensor instrument (121) is connected to a probe (122) through a wire, and a support rod (123) is installed on the outer side of the probe (122). The outer side of the fixing frame (10) is symmetrically connected to the side plate (17), and the outer side of the side plate (17) is provided with a long groove (19). The outer side of the side plate (17) is integrally connected to the side block (18) corresponding to the position of the long groove (19). The two sides of the support rod (123) pass through the two long grooves (19) and are connected to the fixing block (124). The middle part of the side block (18) is rotatably connected to the adjusting bolt (125), and the adjusting bolt (125) is screwed to the fixing block (124).

5. A universal test bench for planetary reducers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration detection assembly (13) includes a U-shaped plate (131) mounted on the upper end of the fixing frame (10), the upper end of the fixing frame (10) is screwed with an adjusting screw (132), the upper end of the adjusting screw (132) is rotatably connected to a fixing seat (133), the upper end of the fixing seat (133) is provided with a vibration sensor (134), and the upper end of the vibration sensor (134) passes through the U-shaped plate (131) and extends above it.

6. A universal test bench for planetary reducers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two groups of Hall speed sensors (53), temperature sensor instruments (121), vibration sensors (134) and torque sensors (6) are all connected to the test control system end via wires for electrical signal transmission.

7. The universal test bench for planetary reducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper ends of the motor brackets (2) are each mounted with a mounting seat (14), the two torque sensors (6) are respectively mounted on the upper ends of the two mounting seats (14), and a sensor adjustment gasket (27) is provided between the mounting seat (14) and the torque sensor (6).

8. The universal test bench for planetary reducers according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four groups of T-slots (15) are provided at the upper end of the base (1), and the lower end of the fixing frame (10) is connected to a first T-slide rail (20) that is slidably connected to two of the groups of T-slots (15). Two groups of first fixing bolts (21) are inserted into the middle of the first T-slide rail (20), and the first fixing bolts (21) pass through the fixing frame (10) and are screwed with first fixing nuts (22).

9. The universal test bench for planetary reducers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower ends of the motor brackets (2) are connected to second T-shaped slide rails (26) that are slidably connected to two groups of T-shaped slots (15), and the middle parts of the second T-shaped slide rails (26) are plugged with two groups of second fixing bolts (24). The second fixing bolts (24) pass through the motor brackets (2) and are screwed with second fixing nuts (25). Motor adjustment gaskets (23) are respectively provided between the upper ends of the two groups of motor brackets (2) and the lower ends of the drive motor (3) and the accompanying test motor (4).