Plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device and a plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection method, belongs to the technical field of water pollution detection, and aims to solve the problem that silt is easily accumulated on a filter membrane during sampling in the prior art. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device comprises a detection shell, a sampling channel, a transition channel, a sampler and a water quality data detection probe assembly, the sampling channel is inserted into the detection shell in a penetrating manner, an inlet and an outlet of the sampling channel are communicated with the outside, valves are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the sampling channel, a plurality of sampling holes are formed in the bottom area of the sampling channel, and a filter membrane is further attached to the interior of the sampling channel and covers the sampling holes; the transition channel is connected to the sampling channel and located below the sampling hole, and a valve is arranged at an inlet of the transition channel; and the sampler is arranged below the transition channel. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection is realized, the risk of sediment accumulation on the filter membrane can be reduced, and the working reliability of the detection device is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of water pollution detection, and specifically relates to a device and method for detecting plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution. Background Art

[0002] In the monitoring of plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution, the surge in river sediment content after rain is a key problem that causes the detection device to fail. When dealing with such working conditions, existing water pollution detection devices have a technical bottleneck of serious sediment accumulation on the filter membrane surface. On the one hand, the existing equipment mostly adopts a dead-end filtration design, and the water flow direction is perpendicular to the filter membrane surface (such as a straight pipe or a flat filter membrane installation method). When the sediment content of the water body rises sharply after rain (such as exceeding 1000 mg / L), the sediment particles directly hit the filter membrane and deposit, forming a dense filter cake layer. The accumulation not only greatly reduces the filtration efficiency, but also leads to insufficient water sample collection, affecting the accuracy of subsequent water quality parameter detection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a device and method for detecting plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution, so as to solve the problem of sediment accumulation on the filter membrane surface in the prior art.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

[0005] On the one hand, a device for detecting highland agricultural non-point source water pollution is provided, comprising:

[0006] Detection shell;

[0007] A sampling channel is inserted into the detection housing, the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel are connected to the outside, the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel are both provided with valves, a bottom area of ​​the sampling channel is provided with a plurality of sampling holes, and a filter membrane is further affixed to the sampling channel, and the filter membrane covers the outside of the sampling holes;

[0008] a transition channel connected to the sampling channel and located below the sampling hole, wherein a valve is provided at the inlet of the transition channel;

[0009] a sampler, arranged below the transition channel;

[0010] The water quality data detection probe assembly is configured to detect water quality data of the water sample in the sampler.

[0011] Furthermore, part of the structure of the sampling channel is a truncated cone structure, the sampling hole is located in the truncated cone structure area of ​​the sampling channel, the cross-section of the truncated cone structure near the entrance of the sampling channel is larger than the cross-section of the truncated cone structure away from the entrance of the sampling channel, and the filter membrane is attached to the inner wall of the truncated cone structure of the sampling channel, so that the filter membrane has an impact angle with the water flow direction of the sampling channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the samplers include multiple ones, and the multiple samplers are all slidably connected to the sample track. A material moving mechanism is also provided on one side of the sample track, and the material moving mechanism is used to move the samplers into or out of the bottom of the transition channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the material moving mechanism includes a material moving track, a material moving drive seat, a material moving telescopic motor and a material moving clamp. The material moving track is arranged parallel to the sample track, the material moving drive seat is driven and connected to the material moving track, the material moving telescopic motor is connected to the material moving drive seat, and the material moving clamp is connected to the telescopic end of the material moving telescopic motor.

[0014] Furthermore, the sampler comprises a rectangular box structure with an open top, and a sliding cover that can be opened and closed is provided at the top opening of the sampler; the sliding cover is connected to the first opening and closing mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the first opening and closing mechanism is arranged outside one end of the sampler, and the first opening and closing mechanism is used to push the sliding cover to move a predetermined distance on the sampler so that the sampler is opened; the sliding cover is reset by a spring to close the sampler.

[0016] Furthermore, the sampler is placed horizontally on the sample track, the top side wall of the sampler is provided with a slide bar, the sliding cover is slidably connected to the slide bar, the sliding cover slides along the length direction of the sampler, the side walls at both ends of the sliding cover are provided with connecting ears, the side walls at both ends of the sampler are also provided with connecting ears, the connecting ears on the sliding cover and the connecting ears on the sampler have a predetermined horizontal distance, the two adjacent connecting ears on the same side of the sliding cover and the sampler are connected with a spring, and the spring is arranged obliquely to the sliding cover.

[0017] Furthermore, the first opening and closing mechanism includes a first elliptical disk, an input pipe, and a first opening and closing motor. The drive shaft of the first opening and closing motor is connected to the first elliptical disk. The input pipe is connected to the first elliptical disk. The input pipe is located on the long axis of the first elliptical disk and adjacent to the edge curve of the first elliptical disk. The edge curve corresponding to the short axis of the first elliptical disk is abutted against one end of the sliding cover, and the edge curve corresponding to the long axis of the first elliptical disk is located on the opening opened by the sampler.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0019] A second elliptical disk and a second opening and closing motor are spaced apart from the first opening and closing mechanism and are located on the same side of the sampler. The second opening and closing motor is drivingly connected to the second elliptical disk. A detection hole is provided on the long axis of the second elliptical disk and adjacent to the edge curve of the second elliptical disk, for the water quality data detection probe assembly to pass through and detect water quality data of the water sample in the sampler.

[0020] The detection lifting mechanism is arranged on the second elliptical disk and is connected to the water quality data detection probe assembly.

[0021] Furthermore, a cleaning water tank is provided on one side of the second elliptical disk, and an L-shaped cleaning pipe is extended from the cleaning water tank. The long axis of the second elliptical disk can be rotated to a position facing the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe. The longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe is provided with an opening, and a closing cover is provided on the opening. The closing cover is slidingly connected to the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe. An elastic member is provided between the closing cover and the cleaning water tank, and the elastic member is respectively connected to the closing cover and the cleaning water tank. When the second elliptical disk rotates, the detection hole can be moved from the sampler to the opening on the longitudinal pipe, and at the same time, the closing cover is pushed to move to expose the opening on the longitudinal pipe. A water pump is provided in the cleaning water tank, and the water pump is used to pump water in the cleaning water tank into the cleaning pipe, and circulate from the cleaning pipe into the cleaning water tank.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a filter membrane replacement mechanism for replacing the filter membrane in the sampling channel.

[0023] On the one hand, the present application also provides a method for detecting plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution, which uses the aforementioned plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device to detect plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution; the detection method comprises the following steps:

[0024] Open the valves at the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel, and allow the water to flow into the sampling channel through the inlet, forming a flowing state in the channel;

[0025] When water flows through the sampling hole, the water penetrates the filter membrane under the action of pressure difference and enters the sampling hole;

[0026] The filtered water sample enters the transition channel through the sampling hole and flows into the sampler below under the action of gravity or negative pressure, completing the water sample collection and closing the transition channel valve.

[0027] Compared to existing technologies, the device and method for detecting highland agricultural non-point source water pollution provided by the present invention achieve at least the following beneficial effects: a sampling channel is inserted into the detection housing, and valves at its inlet and outlet control the flow of water. When the inlet valve is open, the water to be tested flows into the sampling channel, forming a flowing state within the sampling channel. The outlet valve can remain open during sampling to allow unfiltered water to drain, or can be closed after sampling is completed. The bottom area of ​​the sampling channel is provided with multiple sampling holes, and a filter membrane is attached to the sampling channel and covers the outside of the sampling holes. When water flows through the sampling holes, the water penetrates the filter membrane due to the pressure difference and enters the sampling holes. Large impurities such as silt and suspended particles are intercepted by the filter membrane and continue to be discharged through the outlet with the main flow, achieving solid-liquid separation. The filtered water sample enters the transition channel through the sampling holes. The valve at the transition channel inlet controls the timing of water sample entry. When a sample is required, the transition channel valve is opened, and the water sample flows into the sampler below under the action of gravity or negative pressure. The valve is closed after sampling is completed. Through the design of filter membrane covering the sampling hole, the water flow maintains continuous flow in the sampling channel (non-vertical impact on the filter membrane), forming a shear force parallel to the filter membrane surface, effectively carrying away the sediment particles deposited on the filter membrane surface, reducing the risk of filter cake layer formation, and can effectively intercept sediment and other impurities in the water body. Compared with traditional dead-end filtration, the sediment deposition rate on the filter membrane surface is reduced, the filtration flux is stable, and the working reliability of the detection device is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 The overall structure of the plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 The overall structure of the plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sampler and the opening and closing of the sampler provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 The overall structure of the plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of area A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the filter membrane replacement mechanism provided by the present invention (the truncated cone structure on the sampling channel is not hidden);

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the filter membrane replacement mechanism provided by the present invention from a side perspective (the truncated cone structure on the sampling channel is not hidden);

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of area B in the middle;

[0037] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the filter membrane replacement mechanism provided by the present invention from a front perspective (the truncated cone structure on the sampling channel is not hidden);

[0038] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of the middle C area;

[0039] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting strip provided by the present invention being moved to the middle position of the rubber plate for connection;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber plate and metal elastic sheet provided by the present invention.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] 10. Detection shell; 11. Installation column; 12. Telescopic support arm; 13. Vertical telescopic arm; 14. Counterweight;

[0043] 20. Sampling channel; 21. Frustum-shaped structure; 22. Transition channel;

[0044] 30. Sampler; 31. Sample track; 32. Material transfer mechanism; 321. Material transfer track; 322. Material transfer drive seat; 323. Material transfer telescopic motor; 324. Material transfer clamp; 33. Sliding cover; 34. Connecting ear; 35. Spring;

[0045] 40. First oval disk; 41. Input pipe; 42. First opening and closing motor;

[0046] 50. Second oval disk; 51. Second opening and closing motor; 52. Detection hole; 53. Detection lifting mechanism; 54. Water quality data detection probe assembly; 55. Cleaning water tank; 56. Cleaning pipe; 57. Closing cover; 58. Elastic member;

[0047] 60. Fixed clamp; 61. Fixed telescopic motor; 62. Slide; 63. Fixed motor; 64. Drive block;

[0048] 70. Material bin; 71. Rubber strip; 72. Connecting strip; 73. Recovery bin; 74. Vertical rail; 75. Vertical drive device; 76. Screw module; 77. Side arm; 78. Push motor; 79. Push rod;

[0049] 80. Rubber sheet; 81. Metal elastic sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined, separated, interchanged and / or rearranged with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] In the accompanying drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of components may be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. When the exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, the specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than described. For example, two processes described in succession may be performed substantially simultaneously or in a reverse order from the described order. In addition, the same reference numerals represent the same components.

[0052] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be restrictive. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one (kind, person)" and "the" are also intended to include plural forms. In addition, when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" and their variations are used in this manual, the features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and / or their groups stated are indicated, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and / or their groups is not excluded. It should also be noted that, as used herein, the terms "substantially", "approximately" and other similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as degree terms, so that they are used to explain the inherent deviations of the measured values, calculated values ​​and / or the values ​​provided that will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0053] A specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device is disclosed, including a detection shell 10, a sampling channel 20, a transition channel 22, a sampler 30 and a water quality data detection probe assembly 54; wherein, the sampling channel 20 is inserted into the detection shell 10, and the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel 20 are connected to the outside, and valves are provided at the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel 20. A plurality of sampling holes are provided in the bottom area of ​​the sampling channel 20, and a filter membrane is also provided in the sampling channel 20, and the filter membrane covers the outside of the sampling holes; the transition channel 22 is connected to the sampling channel 20 and is located below the sampling holes, and a valve is provided at the inlet of the transition channel 22; the sampler 30 is arranged below the transition channel 22; the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 is configured to detect water quality data of the water sample in the sampler 30.

[0054] In this embodiment, the valve includes a valve motor and a valve body. The valve motor drives the valve body to move, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the sampling channel 20 and the opening and closing of the transition channel 22 .

[0055] In one optional embodiment, the detection housing 10 is a rectangular structure. A mounting post 11 is provided on the exterior of the detection housing 10. A telescopic arm 12 is mounted on the mounting post 11. A vertical telescopic arm 13 is connected to the telescopic arm 12. The vertical telescopic arm 13 is connected to the detection housing 10. A counterweight 14 is also provided on the mounting post 11. By mounting the mounting post 11 near a river, the detection housing 10 can be extended into the river for sampling by retracting the telescopic arm 12 and the vertical telescopic arm 13.

[0056] The sampling channel 20 is inserted into the detection housing 10, and valves at its inlet and outlet control the flow of water. When the inlet valve is open, the water to be tested flows into the sampling channel 20, forming a flowing state within the sampling channel 20. The outlet valve can remain open during the sampling process to allow unfiltered water to be discharged, or it can be closed after sampling is completed. The bottom area of ​​the sampling channel 20 is provided with multiple sampling holes, and a filter membrane is attached to the sampling channel 20 and covers the outside of the sampling holes. When water flows through the sampling holes, the water penetrates the filter membrane under the action of the pressure difference and enters the sampling holes. Large impurities such as mud, sand, and suspended particles are intercepted by the filter membrane and continue to be discharged from the outlet with the main flow, achieving solid-liquid separation. The filtered water sample enters the transition channel 22 through the sampling hole. The valve at the inlet of the transition channel 22 controls the timing of the water sample's entry. The valve within the transition channel 22 can also close the transition channel 22 after sampling to prevent the entry of residual water in the sampling channel 20.

[0057] When it's time to collect a sample, the valve in transition channel 22 is opened, allowing the sample to flow into the sampler 30 below under gravity or negative pressure. Once sampling is complete, the valve is closed. By designing the filter membrane covering the sampling hole, water maintains a continuous flow within sampling channel 20 (not impacting the membrane perpendicularly), creating a shear force parallel to the membrane surface. This effectively removes sediment particles deposited on the membrane surface, reducing the risk of filter cake formation and effectively intercepting sediment and other impurities in the water. Compared to traditional dead-end filtration, the sediment deposition rate on the membrane surface is reduced, and the filtration flux is stable.

[0058] In the present embodiment, the filter membrane adopts nylon filter membrane. Nylon filter membrane belongs to porous membrane material and intercepts particulate impurities in the fluid through pore size screening. When water containing sediment passes through the membrane surface, sediment particles with a particle size larger than the membrane pore size will be trapped, while water and small particulate matter will pass through the membrane pores, thereby realizing solid-liquid separation. The pore size range of nylon filter membrane is usually between 0.1μm and 10μm (different models are optional), and the particle size of sediment particles is generally between 2μm and 2mm (fine sand is about 2-100μm, coarse sand is about 100μm-2mm). Therefore, selecting a nylon membrane with a pore size smaller than the particle size of sediment particles (such as 0.45μm, 1μm, 5μm, etc.) can effectively intercept sediment. The flexibility and tear resistance of nylon membrane make it difficult to break due to friction with sediment when filtering particulate fluids, making it suitable for long-term use.

[0059] In some embodiments, part of the structure of the sampling channel 20 is a truncated cone-shaped structure 21, and the sampling hole is located in the truncated cone-shaped structure 21 area of ​​the sampling channel 20. The cross-section of the truncated cone-shaped structure 21 near the entrance of the sampling channel 20 is larger than the cross-section of the truncated cone-shaped structure 21 away from the entrance of the sampling channel 20. The filter membrane is attached to the inner wall of the truncated cone-shaped structure 21 of the sampling channel 20, so that the filter membrane and the water flow direction of the sampling channel 20 have an impact angle.

[0060] When sampling channel 20 is partially truncated, and the filter membrane is attached to the inner wall of the truncated cone structure 21, water flows in through the inlet of sampling channel 20. Because the cross-section of the truncated cone structure 21 is larger near the inlet and smaller farther away, the water's velocity and direction change during flow, creating an impact angle between the filter membrane and the flow. As water passes through the sampling hole, the pressure differential and the impact of the water flow cause it to penetrate the filter membrane and enter the sampling hole, intercepting impurities. Simultaneously, the impact of the water flow enhances the scouring of impurities from the filter membrane surface.

[0061] Compared to a setting where the water flow is parallel to the filter membrane, when the water flow is at an angle to the filter membrane, the water flow can impact the filter membrane, changing the way the water flow and the filter membrane interact. The impact angle increases the impact force of the water flow on the filter membrane surface, further reducing the deposition of impurities such as sediment on the filter membrane surface, increasing the filter flux and service life of the filter membrane, ensuring the stability of the solid-liquid separation effect, and improving the quality of water sample collection. At the same time, when the water flows through the narrowing channel, the flow rate increases, which is beneficial to water filtration.

[0062] In some embodiments, the sampler 30 includes multiple samplers 30, and the multiple samplers 30 are all slidably connected to the sample track 31. A material moving mechanism 32 is also provided on one side of the sample track 31. The material moving mechanism 32 is used to move the sampler 30 into the bottom of the transition channel 22 or move it out from the bottom of the transition channel 22.

[0063] In one optional embodiment, the material moving mechanism 32 includes a material moving track 321, a material moving drive seat 322, a material moving telescopic motor 323, and a material moving clamp 324. The material moving track 321 is arranged parallel to the sample track 31, the material moving drive seat 322 is driven and connected to the material moving track 321, the material moving telescopic motor 323 is connected to the material moving drive seat 322, and the material moving clamp 324 is connected to the telescopic end of the material moving telescopic motor 323.

[0064] In one optional embodiment, a spacing slider is provided between two adjacent samplers 30, and the spacing slider is slidably connected to the sample track 31. The function of the spacing slider is to ensure a certain distance between two adjacent samplers 30. Multiple samplers 30 are slidably connected to the sample track 31, and the material transfer track 321 in the material transfer mechanism 32 is parallel to the sample track 31. When sampling is required, the material transfer drive seat 322 moves to a designated position on the material transfer track 321, and the material transfer telescopic motor 323 drives the material transfer clamp 324 to extend, clamp the sampler 30 on the sample track 31, and move it to the bottom of the transition channel 22 to receive the water sample; after the sampling is completed, the material transfer clamp 324 moves the sampler 30 to the designated position of the sample track 31. Therefore, the orderly recycling of multiple samplers 30 can be achieved, and multiple water samples can be collected continuously, thereby improving the efficiency of water sample collection, meeting the collection needs of water samples at different time periods and locations, and providing sufficient water samples for a comprehensive analysis of plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution.

[0065] The material transfer track 321 provides a movement path for the material transfer drive base 322. The material transfer drive base 322 moves along the material transfer track 321, driving the connected material transfer telescopic motor 323 and material transfer clamp 324. The material transfer telescopic motor 323 controls the extension and retraction of the material transfer clamp 324, enabling the grasping and release of the samplers 30. A spacing slider maintains a certain distance between each sampler 30, allowing the material transfer clamp 324 to accurately grasp the sampler 30 and prevent interference between the samplers 30.

[0066] The material transfer drive base 322 houses a built-in servo motor, connected to a planetary gear reducer via a coupling. The reducer's output shaft is connected to two symmetrically positioned drive wheels at the bottom. Four sets of linear bearing guides containing balls are installed at the bottom edge of the material transfer drive base 322, corresponding to the material transfer track 321, to ensure stable and stable movement. L-shaped anti-slip baffles are installed on both sides of the material transfer drive base 322, maintaining a predetermined clearance from the track edge to prevent the material transfer track 321 from slipping out in the event of an accident.

[0067] In this embodiment, multiple positioning sensors, such as photoelectric sensors or proximity sensors, capable of position monitoring, are provided on each of the sample track 31 and the material transfer track 321. Corresponding sensing blocks are provided on the sampler 30 and the material transfer drive base 322 to accurately determine the initial position of the sampler 30 on the sample track 31, the moving position of the material transfer drive base 322 on the material transfer track 321, and the receiving position of the sampler 30 below the transition channel 22.

[0068] In one of the optional embodiments, the sampler 30 includes a rectangular box structure with an open top. The sampler 30 is placed horizontally on the sample track 31. A sliding cover 33 is provided on the top of the sampler 30. A sliding bar is provided on the top side wall of the sampler 30. The sliding cover 33 is slidably connected to the sliding bar. The sliding cover 33 slides along the length direction of the sampler 30. Connecting ears 34 are provided on both side walls of the sliding cover 33. Connecting ears 34 are also provided on both side walls of the sampler 30. The connecting ears 34 on the sliding cover 33 and the connecting ears 34 on the sampler 30 have a predetermined horizontal distance. The two adjacent connecting ears 34 on the same side of the sliding cover 33 and the sampler 30 are connected to a spring 35, and the spring 35 is arranged obliquely to the sliding cover 33; a first opening and closing mechanism is also provided on the outside of one end of the sampler 30, and the first opening and closing mechanism is used to push the sliding cover 33 to move a predetermined distance on the sampler 30 so that the sampler 30 is opened.

[0069] The slide cover 33 at the top of the sampler 30 is slidably connected to the sampler 30 via a slide bar, and the slide cover 33 is connected to the sampler 30 via a spring 35. When the first opening and closing mechanism pushes the slide cover 33, it overcomes the tension of the spring 35, and the slide cover 33 slides a predetermined distance on the sampler 30, opening the top opening of the sampler 30 to allow the water sample to flow in. After sampling is completed, the tension of the spring 35 resets the slide cover 33, closing the opening of the sampler 30 to prevent the water sample from spilling or being contaminated. The coordinated design of the spring 35 and the slide cover 33 enables automatic opening and closing of the sampler 30, with a simple and reliable structure. During the sampling process, it can effectively prevent external impurities from entering the sampler 30, ensuring the purity of the water sample. At the same time, it can prevent water sample leakage during transportation and storage, ensuring the accuracy of the water sample test results.

[0070] In one of the optional embodiments, the first opening and closing mechanism includes a first elliptical disk 40, an input pipe 41, and a first opening and closing motor 42. The drive shaft of the first opening and closing motor 42 is connected to the first elliptical disk 40, and the input pipe 41 is connected to the first elliptical disk 40. The input pipe 41 is located on the long axis of the first elliptical disk 40 and adjacent to the edge curve of the first elliptical disk 40. The edge curve corresponding to the short axis of the first elliptical disk 40 is abutted against one end of the sliding cover 33, and the edge curve corresponding to the long axis of the first elliptical disk 40 is located on the opening opened by the sampler 30.

[0071] When the first opening and closing motor 42 is in operation, it drives the first elliptical disk 40 to rotate. As the first elliptical disk 40 rotates, the edge curve corresponding to its minor axis abuts one end of the sliding cover 33. As the disk rotates, the edge curve corresponding to its major axis gradually approaches the sliding cover 33, pushing the sliding cover 33 a predetermined distance over the sampler 30, thereby opening the sampler 30. An input pipe 41 is connected to the major axis of the first elliptical disk 40, adjacent to the edge curve, to guide the water sample into the sampler 30 when the sampler 30 is opened. The shape and rotational motion of the first elliptical disk 40 enable precise control of the sliding cover 33 of the sampler 30, resulting in a high degree of automation.

[0072] When the input pipe 41 is aligned with the open opening of the sampler 30, the input pipe 41 and the transition channel 22 are also docked. The valve on the transition channel 22 is opened to introduce the water sample into the input channel and finally enter the sampler 30. After the sampling is completed, the valve on the transition channel 22 closes the transition channel 22. After the remaining water sample enters the sampler 30, the sampling is completed and the sliding cover 33 on the sampler 30 closes the sampler 30.

[0073] In some optional embodiments, the detection device further includes a second elliptical disk 50, a second opening and closing motor 51, and a detection lifting mechanism 53; wherein the second elliptical disk 50 and the second opening and closing motor 51 are spaced apart from the first opening and closing mechanism and are located on the same side of the sampler 30, the second opening and closing motor 51 is drivingly connected to the second elliptical disk 50, and a detection hole 52 is defined on the long axis of the second elliptical disk 50 and adjacent to the edge curve of the second elliptical disk 50; the detection lifting mechanism 53 is disposed on the second elliptical disk 50; the detection lifting mechanism 53 is connected to a water quality data detection probe assembly 54, which can pass through the detection hole 52 to detect water quality data of the water sample in the sampler 30. The second opening and closing motor 51 can drive the second elliptical disk 50 to rotate, and the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 is connected to the second elliptical disk 50 via the detection lifting mechanism 53.

[0074] When a water sample needs to be tested, the second elliptical disk 50 rotates to align the detection hole 52 with the sampler 30. At the same time, the second elliptical disk 50 uses the same operating mode as the first opening and closing mechanism to push open the sliding cover 33 on the sampler 30, exposing the detection port of the sampler 30. The detection lifting mechanism 53 drives the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 to descend, pass through the detection hole 52, and extend into the sampler 30 to detect the water quality data of the water sample. After the test is completed, the second elliptical disk 50 rotates to remove the detection hole 52, and the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 rises and resets, thereby realizing automated testing of the water sample, eliminating the need for frequent manual operation of the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 and improving testing efficiency. By precisely controlling the rotation of the second elliptical disk 50 and the lifting and lowering of the water quality data detection probe assembly 54, it is ensured that the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 accurately and stably detects the water sample in each sampler 30, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test data.

[0075] In one optional embodiment, the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 includes sensors such as a pH sensor and a turbidity sensor that can be used to obtain water pollution parameters. The detection and lifting mechanism 53 includes a detection and lifting track and a detection and lifting motor. The water quality data detection probe assembly 54 is connected to the detection and lifting motor, and the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 is slidably connected to the detection and lifting track.

[0076] In one of the optional embodiments, a cleaning water tank 55 is further provided on one side of the second elliptical disk 50, and an L-shaped cleaning pipe 56 extends from the cleaning water tank 55. The long axis of the second elliptical disk 50 can be rotated to a position facing the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe 56. The longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe 56 is provided with an opening, and a closing cover 57 is provided on the opening. The closing cover 57 is slidingly connected to the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe 56, and an elastic member 58 is provided between the closing cover 57 and the cleaning water tank 55. The elastic member 58 is respectively connected to the closing cover 57 and the cleaning water tank 55. When the second elliptical disk 50 rotates, it can move the detection hole 52 from the sampler 30 to the opening on the longitudinal pipe, and at the same time push the closing cover 57 to move to expose the opening on the longitudinal pipe. A water pump is provided in the cleaning water tank 55, and the water pump is used to pump water in the cleaning water tank 55 into the cleaning pipe 56, and circulate from the cleaning pipe 56 into the cleaning water tank 55.

[0077] As the second elliptical disk 50 rotates and the detection hole 52 moves from the sampler 30 to the longitudinal opening of the cleaning pipe 56, the second elliptical disk 50 pushes the sealing cover 57 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 58 and move, revealing the opening. A water pump in the cleaning water tank 55 pumps water into the cleaning pipe 56. The water flows through the cleaning pipe 56, cleaning the detection hole 52 and the detection probe assembly, and the flowing water is recirculated back to the water tank.

[0078] Optionally, position sensors (such as proximity switches) are installed on the edge of the second elliptical disk 50 and the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe 56 respectively to detect the alignment state of the detection hole 52 and the opening on the longitudinal pipe of the cleaning pipe 56.

[0079] After the water quality detection probe assembly completes testing of the water sample within the sampler 30, the control system triggers the second opening and closing motor 51 to rotate the second elliptical disk 50. When the detection hole 52 rotates with the second elliptical disk 50 to a position aligned with the longitudinal opening of the cleaning pipe 56, the position sensor sends a feedback signal to the control system, and the motor stops. At this point, the long axis edge of the second elliptical disk 50 contacts the side of the sealing cover 57. The radial thrust generated by the rotation of the disk overcomes the tension of the elastic member 58, pushing the sealing cover 57 downward along the longitudinal pipe groove, fully exposing the opening.

[0080] The control system simultaneously opens the solenoid valve of the cleaning water pipeline and starts the water pump to extract water from the cleaning water tank 55. The water flows through the flexible water pipe into the L-shaped cleaning pipe 56, flows in the longitudinal pipe, and flushes the surface of the water quality data detection probe assembly 54 to remove residual water sample impurities.

[0081] During cleaning, the edge curve corresponding to the minor axis of the second elliptical disk 50 contacts the edge of the sampler 30. At this time, the sampler 30 is controlled to leave the current position and move to the storage position.

[0082] After the preset cleaning time expires, the control system shuts off the water pump and solenoid valve, reverses the drive of the second opening and closing motor 51, and rotates the second elliptical disc 50 away from the cleaning pipe 56. After the disc loses its thrust, the compressed elastic member 58 returns to its original position, pushing the sealing cover 57 to slide, resealing the opening of the cleaning pipe 56. Simultaneously, the position sensor detects that the inspection hole 52 has left the cleaning area, and the system enters standby mode, awaiting the next inspection task.

[0083] In some embodiments, a magnet is provided on the sample track 31 where the sampler 30 is located, and a magnetic element is provided at the bottom of the sampler 30 to be attracted by the magnet, thereby ensuring that the sampler 30 is difficult to slide and can only be moved by the material moving mechanism 32 .

[0084] In some embodiments, a filter membrane replacement mechanism is further included for replacing the filter membrane in the sampling channel 20. Specifically, the filter membrane replacement mechanism includes fixed jaws 60 arranged on both sides of the sampling channel 20. The fixed jaws 60 are driven and connected by a fixed telescopic motor 61. Vertical slideways 62 are also provided on both sides of the sampling channel 20. A fixed motor 63 is provided at the top of the sampling channel 20. The fixed motor 63 drives a drive block 64 to move on the slideway 62. The fixed telescopic motor 61 is connected to the drive block 64. The truncated cone-shaped structure 21 on the sampling channel 20 is detachable. The interface between the truncated cone-shaped structure 21 and the sampling channel 20 is sealed with a rubber ring. After being clamped by the fixed jaws 60, the truncated cone-shaped structure 21 can move upward. When moving downward, it can squeeze into the interface of the sampling channel 20 to form a complete sampling channel 20. After being connected, the fixed jaws 60 remain fixed. The rubber ring produces a sealing effect after squeezing. The truncated cone-shaped structure 21 moves upward to enter the replacement position.

[0085] In front of the replacement position, a silo 70 is provided. The silo 70 is directly opposite the truncated cone-shaped structure 21. Two corresponding rubber strips 71 are provided on both sidewalls of the silo 70. The two rubber strips 71 on each side are spaced apart. A filter membrane is provided in the silo 70. Connecting strips 72 are provided on the left and right sides of the filter membrane. The connecting strips 72 are made of rubber and are inserted between the two rubber strips 71 on both sides. There are multiple groups of filter membranes in the silo 70. The front and back sides of the silo 70 are open structures. A recovery silo 73 is provided behind the replacement position. The recovery silo 73 has an opening on the side facing the replacement position.

[0086] A vertical rail 74 is provided in front of the silo 70. A vertical drive unit 75 is connected to the vertical rail 74 and is capable of vertical movement on the rail 74. The vertical drive unit 75 includes a built-in drive motor and a wheel assembly. A screw module 76 is connected to the vertical drive unit 75 and is horizontally disposed between the silo 70 and the vertical drive unit 75, enabling movement away from and toward the silo 70.

[0087] The movable seat of the screw module 76 is provided with side arms 77 extending to the left and right sides, and the side arms 77 are slidably connected with push rods 79, and the push rods 79 can slide left and right on the side arms 77. A pushing motor 78 is provided on the movable seat, and the pushing motor 78 is connected to the push rod 79 through a connecting piece, and drives the push rod 79 to move relative to the side arms 77.

[0088] The movable base is also equipped with a position sensor for detecting the position of the filter membrane to be installed in the silo 70 and controlling the vertical drive device 75 to drive the movable base to move vertically, thereby driving the push rod 79 to move to the corresponding position of the filter membrane to be installed. Side arms 77 and push rods 79 are respectively arranged on both sides of the movable base, so that the movable base can drive the push rod 79 to move horizontally. The push rod 79 moves against the connecting strip 72, pushing the filter membrane to be installed from the gap between the two rubber strips 71 and out of the silo 70 to enter the replacement position. The replacement position has a truncated cone-shaped structure 21 with a sampling channel 20. Finally, the filter membrane to be installed enters the truncated cone-shaped structure 21 for installation.

[0089] Two rubber plates 80 are also installed on opposite sides of the inner wall of the truncated cone 21. The connecting strip 72 can move into the truncated cone 21 and be inserted into the gap between the two rubber plates 80 on opposite sides of the inner wall of the truncated cone 21 under the push of the push rod 79. A metal elastic sheet 81 is connected to the side of the filter membrane to be installed near the silo 70. A magnet is installed on the inner wall of the truncated cone 21 near its own inlet. When the filter membrane to be installed is fully inserted into the truncated cone 21, the metal elastic sheet 81 sinks due to its own gravity and soft characteristics and connects with the magnet, so that the filter membrane to be installed fits on the inner wall of the truncated cone 21. Due to the impact and direction of the water flow, the other side of the filter membrane to be installed does not require special settings. During installation, since the inner wall of the truncated cone 21 is tilted outward, the moving direction of the connecting strip 72 is not parallel to the inner wall of the truncated cone 21, but has an angle. When pushing the connecting strip 72 into the gap between the rubber sheets 80, it is necessary to align the extending direction of the connecting strip 72 with the middle of the rubber sheets 80, and then push the connecting strip 72 into the gap between the two rubber sheets 80. After pushing in, the push rod 79 is controlled to move laterally. After the two push rods 79 move relative to each other and shrink, the push rod 79 moves into the inside of the truncated cone structure 21 and moves to the inside side of the rubber sheet 80. The push rod 79 abuts against the side wall of the connecting strip 72 that is not connected to the filter membrane to be installed. Then, the push rod 79 moves outward from the truncated cone structure 21 according to a predetermined oblique path, so that the entire connecting strip 72 is pushed into the gap between the rubber sheets 80 from the side. The push rod 79 moves again to the end of the connecting strip 72, pushes the connecting strip 72 into the farthest end of the rubber sheet 80, and then repeats the above lateral pushing steps again to completely insert the connecting strip 72 into the gap between the two rubber sheets 80. During the process of the push rod 79 pushing the connecting strip 72 to move in the super-rear direction, the push rod 79 cooperates to move in the four directions of front, back, left and right, so that the push rod 79 always abuts against the end of the connecting strip 72. The original used filter membrane is replaced by a new filter membrane. The old filter membrane is directly pushed out of the truncated cone structure 21 and falls into the recovery bin 73. After the replacement is completed, the truncated cone structure 21 is reset. The shape of the filter membrane can be set to be fan-shaped. The filter membrane set to be fan-shaped can completely fit the inner wall of the truncated cone structure 21. It can also be set to be rectangular, and the rectangular filter membrane ensures that the front edge of the filter membrane fits completely and covers the sampling hole. There is almost no impact caused by the excess area behind the filter membrane.

[0090] In some embodiments, a baffle is positioned between the sampler 30 and the transition channel 22. The baffle is provided with upwardly protruding inlet and outlet channels, and a water pump is located in the upper layer of the baffle. As the transition channel 22 moves upward following the frustum-shaped structure 21, residual water in the sampling channel 20 enters the upper layer of the baffle, reducing the amount of water entering the sampler 30. Alternatively, a water pump can be directly positioned within the sampling channel 20 to extract any remaining water.

[0091] This embodiment also provides a method for detecting plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution, which uses the aforementioned plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device to perform plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection.

[0092] Specifically, the plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection method includes the following steps:

[0093] Open the valves at the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel 20, and the water to be tested flows into the sampling channel 20 through the inlet, forming a flowing state in the channel;

[0094] When water flows through the sampling hole, the water penetrates the filter membrane under the action of pressure difference and enters the sampling hole;

[0095] The filtered water sample enters the transition channel 22 through the sampling hole and flows into the sampler 30 below under the action of gravity or negative pressure, completing the water sample collection and closing the valve of the transition channel 22.

[0096] When it's time to collect a sample, the valve in transition channel 22 is opened, allowing the sample to flow into the sampler 30 below under gravity or negative pressure. Once sampling is complete, the valve is closed. By designing the filter membrane covering the sampling hole, water maintains a continuous flow within sampling channel 20 (not impacting the membrane perpendicularly), creating a shear force parallel to the membrane surface. This effectively removes sediment particles deposited on the membrane surface, reducing the risk of filter cake formation and effectively intercepting sediment and other impurities in the water. Compared to traditional dead-end filtration, the sediment deposition rate on the membrane surface is reduced, and the filtration flux is stable.

[0097] The above specific implementation methods further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of this application in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementation methods of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device, characterized in that: include: Detection shell; A sampling channel is inserted into the detection housing, the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel are connected to the outside, the inlet and outlet of the sampling channel are both provided with valves, a bottom area of ​​the sampling channel is provided with a plurality of sampling holes, and a filter membrane is further affixed to the sampling channel, and the filter membrane covers the outside of the sampling holes; a transition channel connected to the sampling channel and located below the sampling hole, wherein a valve is provided at the inlet of the transition channel; a sampler, arranged below the transition channel; The water quality data detection probe assembly is configured to detect water quality data of the water sample in the sampler.

2. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Part of the structure of the sampling channel is a truncated cone structure. The sampling hole is located in the truncated cone structure area of ​​the sampling channel. The cross-section of the truncated cone structure near the entrance of the sampling channel is larger than the cross-section of the truncated cone structure away from the entrance of the sampling channel. The filter membrane is attached to the inner wall of the truncated cone structure of the sampling channel so that the filter membrane has an impact angle with the water flow direction of the sampling channel.

3. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The samplers include multiple ones, and the multiple samplers are all slidably connected to the sample track. A material moving mechanism is also provided on one side of the sample track, and the material moving mechanism is used to move the samplers into the bottom of the transition channel or out from the bottom of the transition channel.

4. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The material moving mechanism includes a material moving track, a material moving drive seat, a material moving telescopic motor and a material moving clamp. The material moving track is arranged parallel to the sample track, the material moving drive seat is driven and connected to the material moving track, the material moving telescopic motor is connected to the material moving drive seat, and the material moving clamp is connected to the telescopic end of the material moving telescopic motor.

5. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sampler comprises a rectangular box structure with an open top. A sliding cover which can be opened and closed is provided at the top opening of the sampler; the sliding cover is connected to a first opening and closing mechanism.

6. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first opening and closing mechanism is arranged outside one end of the sampler, and is used to push the sliding cover to move a predetermined distance on the sampler so that the sampler is opened; the sliding cover is reset by a spring to close the sampler.

7. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sampler is placed horizontally on the sample track, the top side wall of the sampler is provided with a slide bar, the slide cover is slidably connected to the slide bar, the slide cover slides along the length direction of the sampler, the side walls at both ends of the slide cover are provided with connecting ears, the side walls at both ends of the sampler are also provided with connecting ears, the connecting ears on the slide cover and the connecting ears on the sampler have a predetermined horizontal distance, the two adjacent connecting ears on the same side of the slide cover and the sampler are connected with a spring, and the spring is arranged obliquely to the slide cover; Preferably, the first opening and closing mechanism includes a first elliptical disk, an input pipe, and a first opening and closing motor. The drive shaft of the first opening and closing motor is connected to the first elliptical disk. The input pipe is connected to the first elliptical disk. The input pipe is located on the long axis of the first elliptical disk and adjacent to the edge curve of the first elliptical disk. The edge curve corresponding to the short axis of the first elliptical disk is abutted against one end of the sliding cover, and the edge curve corresponding to the long axis of the first elliptical disk is located on the opening opened by the sampler.

8. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A second elliptical disk and a second opening and closing motor are spaced apart from the first opening and closing mechanism and are located on the same side of the sampler. The second opening and closing motor is drivingly connected to the second elliptical disk. A detection hole is provided on the long axis of the second elliptical disk and adjacent to the edge curve of the second elliptical disk, for the water quality data detection probe assembly to pass through and detect water quality data of the water sample in the sampler. The detection lifting mechanism is arranged on the second elliptical disk and is connected to the water quality data detection probe assembly.

9. The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a filter membrane replacement mechanism for replacing the filter membrane in the sampling channel.

10. A method for detecting plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution, characterized in that: The plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to detect plateau agricultural non-point source water pollution.

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